BOOK
Biologic Therapies of Immunologic Diseases, An Issue of Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America, E-Book
Bradley E. Chipps | Stephen P. Peters
(2017)
Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
This issue of Immunology and Allergy Clinics, guest edited by Drs. Bradley Chipps and Stephen Peters, is devoted to Biologic Therapies of Immunologic Diseases. Articles in this issue include: Immunologic Mechanisms and Potential Targets; Strategies for Immunologic Interventions; Patient Characteristics and Individualization of Therapy; Biologic Therapies for Autoimmune and Connective Tissue Diseases; Biologic Therapies for Skin Disease including Urticaria; Biologic Therapies for Asthma; Biologic Therapies for Rhinitis and Sinusitis; Biologic Therapies for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; Biologic Therapies for Food Allergies and Eosinophilic Esophagitis; Future Prospects for Biologic Therapies of Immunologic Diseases; Pharmacoeconomics of Biologic Therapy; and Adverse Reaction to Biologic Therapy.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | Cover | ||
| Contributors | iii | ||
| CONSULTING EDITOR | iii | ||
| EDITORS | iii | ||
| AUTHORS | iii | ||
| Contents | vii | ||
| Erratum | vii | ||
| Foreword: Biopharmaceuticals in Allergic Disease: Finding the Right Patients at the Right Timexv | vii | ||
| Preface: Biologic Therapies of Immunologic Diseasesxvii | vii | ||
| Inflammatory Disorders Associated with Allergy: Overview of Immunopathogenesis and Implications for Treatment233 | vii | ||
| Biological Therapies of Immunologic Diseases: Strategies for Immunologic Interventions247 | vii | ||
| Patient Characteristics and Individualization of Biologic Therapy261 | vii | ||
| Biologic Therapies for Autoimmune and Connective Tissue Diseases283 | viii | ||
| Immune Mechanisms and Novel Targets in Rheumatoid Arthritis301 | viii | ||
| Biologic Therapy in the Treatment of Chronic Skin Disorders315 | viii | ||
| Biologic and New Therapies in Asthma329 | viii | ||
| Biologic Therapy in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease345 | ix | ||
| Monoclonal Antibodies for the Treatment of Nasal Polyps357 | ix | ||
| Biologic Therapies for Immunoglobulin E–mediated Food Allergy and Eosinophilic Esophagitis369 | ix | ||
| Adverse Reactions to Biologic Therapy397 | x | ||
| Pharmacoeconomics of Biologic Therapy413 | x | ||
| Future Prospects of Biologic Therapies for Immunologic Diseases431 | x | ||
| Erratum | xiii | ||
| Biopharmaceuticals in Allergic Disease: Finding the Right Patients at the Right Time | xv | ||
| Biologic Therapies of Immunologic Diseases | xvii | ||
| Inflammatory Disorders Associated with Allergy | 233 | ||
| Key points | 233 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 233 | ||
| ATOPIC DERMATITIS | 234 | ||
| Skin Barrier Function | 234 | ||
| Inflammation | 235 | ||
| Dendritic cells | 235 | ||
| T cells | 235 | ||
| Innate lymphoid cells | 236 | ||
| Regulatory T cells | 236 | ||
| Mast cells | 236 | ||
| Eosinophils | 236 | ||
| Potential Immunologic Treatments | 236 | ||
| CHRONIC RHINOSINUSITIS WITH NASAL POLYPOSIS | 237 | ||
| Mucociliary Clearance | 237 | ||
| Host Defense and Inflammation | 238 | ||
| Epithelium | 238 | ||
| Innate lymphoid cells | 238 | ||
| T cells and B cells | 238 | ||
| Tissue remodeling | 239 | ||
| Potential Immunologic Treatments | 239 | ||
| ASTHMA | 239 | ||
| Inflammation | 239 | ||
| Epithelial cells | 239 | ||
| Th2 cells | 239 | ||
| Th17 cells | 240 | ||
| Th9 cells | 241 | ||
| Innate lymphoid cell 2 | 241 | ||
| Eosinophils | 241 | ||
| Mast cells | 242 | ||
| Airway remodeling | 242 | ||
| Potential Immunologic Treatments | 242 | ||
| REFERENCES | 243 | ||
| Biological Therapies of Immunologic Diseases | 247 | ||
| Key points | 247 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 247 | ||
| MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES | 247 | ||
| CYTOKINES | 251 | ||
| FC FUSION PROTEINS | 251 | ||
| RNA | 252 | ||
| SMALL MOLECULE KINASE INHIBITORS | 253 | ||
| ANTICHEMOKINE SMALL MOLECULE INHIBITORS | 254 | ||
| SUMMARY AND FUTURE CONSIDERATIONS | 255 | ||
| REFERENCES | 255 | ||
| Patient Characteristics and Individualization of Biologic Therapy | 261 | ||
| Key points | 261 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 261 | ||
| ASTHMA | 262 | ||
| ASTHMA PHENOTYPING | 262 | ||
| ASTHMA ENDOTYPES | 263 | ||
| THERAPEUTIC BIOLOGICS IN PATIENTS WITH ASTHMA | 264 | ||
| Anti–Immunoglobulin E | 264 | ||
| Anti–Interleukin-5 | 265 | ||
| Anti–Interleukin-13 | 267 | ||
| Anti-Interleukin-4 and Interleukin-13 | 268 | ||
| Anti–Interleukin-17 | 269 | ||
| Anti–Tumor Necrosis Factor | 269 | ||
| URTICARIA | 270 | ||
| THERAPEUTIC BIOLOGICS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC SPONTANEOUS URTICARIA | 271 | ||
| Omalizumab | 271 | ||
| Intravenous Immunoglobulin | 272 | ||
| Rituximab | 272 | ||
| Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha | 273 | ||
| SUMMARY | 273 | ||
| REFERENCES | 274 | ||
| Biologic Therapies for Autoimmune and Connective Tissue Diseases | 283 | ||
| Key points | 283 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 283 | ||
| RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS | 283 | ||
| Anti–Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Therapy | 284 | ||
| Tocilizumab | 284 | ||
| Abatacept | 285 | ||
| Rituximab | 285 | ||
| Tofacitinib | 286 | ||
| SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS | 286 | ||
| Food and Drug Administration–approved Therapy | 286 | ||
| Belimumab | 286 | ||
| Non–Food and Drug Administration–approved Therapy | 286 | ||
| Rituximab | 286 | ||
| Abatacept | 287 | ||
| INFLAMMATORY MYOSITIS | 287 | ||
| Rituximab | 287 | ||
| Immune Mechanisms and Novel Targets in Rheumatoid Arthritis | 301 | ||
| Key points | 301 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 301 | ||
| OVERVIEW OF PATHOGENESIS OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS | 302 | ||
| ROLE OF CYTOKINES AND CURRENTLY AVAILABLE BIOLOGICS IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS | 304 | ||
| T-Cell Cytokines | 304 | ||
| Macrophage and Fibroblast Cytokines | 304 | ||
| THE MATURESCENCE OF CONVENTIONAL BIOLOGICS AND THE ADVENT OF NOVEL BIOLOGIC APPROACHES | 305 | ||
| NOVEL FUTURE APPROACHES FOR RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS | 310 | ||
| SUMMARY | 311 | ||
| REFERENCES | 311 | ||
| Biologic Therapy in the Treatment of Chronic Skin Disorders | 315 | ||
| Key points | 315 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 315 | ||
| Chronic Urticaria | 315 | ||
| Omalizumab | 316 | ||
| Interleukin-1 inhibitors | 317 | ||
| Tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors | 319 | ||
| Atopic Dermatitis | 319 | ||
| Omalizumab | 320 | ||
| Infliximab | 320 | ||
| Rituximab | 321 | ||
| Mepolizumab | 321 | ||
| Dupilumab | 322 | ||
| Psoriasis | 322 | ||
| Tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors | 323 | ||
| Interleukin-12/interleukin-23 inhibitors | 324 | ||
| Interleukin-17 inhibitors | 324 | ||
| Emerging biologics | 324 | ||
| SUMMARY | 325 | ||
| REFERENCES | 325 | ||
| Biologic and New Therapies in Asthma | 329 | ||
| Key points | 329 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 329 | ||
| PATHOPHYSIOLOGY | 330 | ||
| T2-Low Asthma or Non-T2 Asthma | 330 | ||
| T2-High Asthma | 332 | ||
| Current Biomarkers in T2-High Inflammation | 333 | ||
| SPECIFIC THERAPIES TARGETING T2-HIGH PATHWAYS | 336 | ||
| Targeting IgE | 336 | ||
| IL-5-based Therapy | 337 | ||
| Mepolizumab | 337 | ||
| Reslizumab | 338 | ||
| Benralizumab | 338 | ||
| IL-13-based Therapy | 339 | ||
| Prostaglandin Antagonists | 340 | ||
| SUMMARY | 340 | ||
| DISCLOSURE STATEMENT | 340 | ||
| REFERENCES | 340 | ||
| Biologic Therapy in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease | 345 | ||
| Key points | 345 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 345 | ||
| NEUTROPHILIC INFLAMMATION AND POTENTIAL TARGETS FOR THERAPY | 347 | ||
| Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha | 347 | ||
| Interleukin-1β | 348 | ||
| Interleukin-8/CXCR2 | 349 | ||
| ADDITIONAL POTENTIAL TARGETS | 349 | ||
| EOSINOPHILIC CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE AND POTENTIAL TARGETS FOR THERAPY | 350 | ||
| Interleukin-5 | 351 | ||
| Interleukin-4/Interleukin-13 | 351 | ||
| SUMMARY | 352 | ||
| REFERENCES | 352 | ||
| Monoclonal Antibodies for the Treatment of Nasal Polyps | 357 | ||
| Key points | 357 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 357 | ||
| PATHOPHYSIOLOGY | 358 | ||
| IMMUNOGLOBULIN E TARGETED THERAPIES | 360 | ||
| Omalizumab | 360 | ||
| INTERLEUKIN 5 TARGETED THERAPY | 361 | ||
| Mepolizumab | 361 | ||
| Reslizumab | 362 | ||
| Benralizumab | 362 | ||
| THE INTERLEUKIN 4 AND INTERLEUKIN 13 PATHWAY | 362 | ||
| AMG 282 | 363 | ||
| SIALIC ACID IMMUNOGLOBULIN-LIKE LECTINS | 363 | ||
| DISCUSSION | 363 | ||
| SUMMARY | 364 | ||
| REFERENCES | 364 | ||
| Biologic Therapies for Immunoglobulin E–mediated Food Allergy and Eosinophilic Esophagitis | 369 | ||
| Key points | 369 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 369 | ||
| IMMUNOGLOBULIN E–MEDIATED FOOD ALLERGY | 370 | ||
| Anti–Immunoglobulin E for Immunoglobulin E–Mediated Food Allergy | 370 | ||
| Omalizumab | 370 | ||
| Talizumab | 370 | ||
| Clinical Trials in Food Allergy | 376 | ||
| Anti–immunoglobulin E as stand-alone therapy to decrease food allergy symptoms | 376 | ||
| Leung and colleagues, 2003 | 376 | ||
| Rafi and colleagues, 2010 | 376 | ||
| Sampson and colleagues, 2011 | 376 | ||
| Savage and colleagues, 2012 | 376 | ||
| Anti–immunoglobulin E as an adjunctive therapy for oral immunotherapy | 376 | ||
| Nadeau and colleagues, 2011 | 377 | ||
| Bedoret and colleagues, 2012 | 377 | ||
| Schneider and colleagues, 2013 | 377 | ||
| Wood and colleagues, 2016 | 377 | ||
| Martorell-Calatayud et al, 2016 | 378 | ||
| Summary | 378 | ||
| EOSINOPHILIC ESOPHAGITIS | 378 | ||
| Anti–Interleukin-5 | 378 | ||
| Clinical trials in adult eosinophilic esophagitis | 386 | ||
| Stein and colleagues, 2006 | 386 | ||
| Stein and colleagues, 2008 | 386 | ||
| Straumann and colleagues, 2010 | 386 | ||
| Clinical trials in pediatric eosinophilic esophagitis | 387 | ||
| Assa’ad et al, 2011 | 387 | ||
| Spergel and colleagues, 2012 | 387 | ||
| Summary | 387 | ||
| Anti–Interleukin-13 | 388 | ||
| Clinical trial | 388 | ||
| Rothenberg and colleagues, 2015 | 388 | ||
| Summary | 388 | ||
| Anti–Immunoglobulin E | 388 | ||
| Clinical trials | 389 | ||
| Foroughi and colleagues, 2007 | 389 | ||
| Clayton and colleagues, 2014 | 389 | ||
| Loizou and colleagues, 2015 | 389 | ||
| Summary | 389 | ||
| Prostaglandin D2 Receptor Antagonists | 389 | ||
| Clinical trial | 389 | ||
| Straumann and colleagues, 2013 | 389 | ||
| Summary | 390 | ||
| Potential Biologic Therapies for Eosinophilic Esophagitis | 390 | ||
| Interleukin-4 receptor antagonists (interleukin-4/interleukin-13 blockade) | 390 | ||
| Anti–thymic stromal lymphopoietin | 390 | ||
| Anti–interleukin-9 | 391 | ||
| SUMMARY | 391 | ||
| REFERENCES | 391 | ||
| Adverse Reactions to Biologic Therapy | 397 | ||
| Key points | 397 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 397 | ||
| TYPES OF BIOLOGIC AGENTS | 397 | ||
| DIFFERENCES BETWEEN DRUGS AND BIOLOGIC AGENTS | 398 | ||
| PROPOSED CLASSIFICATION OF ADVERSE REACTIONS TO BIOLOGIC AGENTS | 399 | ||
| Type α: Overstimulation | 399 | ||
| Type β: Hypersensitivity | 400 | ||
| γ: Cytokine or Immune Imbalance | 401 | ||
| δ: Cross-Reactivity | 401 | ||
| ε: Nonimmunologic Side Effects | 401 | ||
| MANAGEMENT | 401 | ||
| A REVIEW OF ADVERSE REACTIONS TO SPECIFIC AGENTS | 402 | ||
| Biologics for Asthma | 402 | ||
| Omalizumab | 402 | ||
| Mepolizumab | 404 | ||
| Reslizumab | 404 | ||
| Benralizumab | 404 | ||
| Other Biologics Notable for Specific Adverse Drug Reactions | 404 | ||
| Rituximab | 404 | ||
| Etanercept/adalimumab injection site reactions | 405 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION OF BIOLOGICAL HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS, GENERAL PRINCIPLES | 406 | ||
| RAPID DRUG DESENSITIZATIONS TO BIOLOGICAL AGENTS | 407 | ||
| SUMMARY | 410 | ||
| REFERENCES | 410 | ||
| Pharmacoeconomics of Biologic Therapy | 413 | ||
| Key points | 413 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 413 | ||
| Why Should Caregivers, Insurance Companies, Payers, and Society Be Concerned About the Pharmacoeconomics of Immune Diseases? | 415 | ||
| ASTHMA | 415 | ||
| WHEN IS BIOLOGIC THERAPY COST-EFFECTIVE? | 417 | ||
| HOW AND WHAT VARIABLES SHOULD WE MEASURE? | 418 | ||
| THE ADOPTION OF BIOLOGICS | 418 | ||
| What Are the Real-World Practical Applications of Pharmacoeconomics of Biologics to Shared Decision Making? | 419 | ||
| Will Establishing General Disease Phenotype Influence the Pharmacoeconomic Choice of a Biologic? | 419 | ||
| What Does a Decision Maker (eg, Patient, Physician, Health Maintenance Organization Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee, Go ... | 420 | ||
| Which of the Potential Biologic Agents Will Be the Most Pharmacoecomonically Realistic and Valuable Choice? In Asthma? What ... | 420 | ||
| What About Gains in Quality-Adjusted Life-Years with the Use of Biologics? | 421 | ||
| If Biologics Are Used for Asthma, What Is Their Duration of Benefit? | 423 | ||
| What Is the Cost Benefit of Biologics Compared with Pharmacotherapy in Asthma Treatment? | 423 | ||
| EMBRACING QUALITY HEALTH CARE IN THE UNITED STATES | 425 | ||
| So What Can Insurance Companies, Society, and Caregivers Do to Move the Study of Pharmacoeconomics of Biologics in the Righ ... | 425 | ||
| POTENTIAL PROBLEMS INTERPRETING PHARMACOECONOMIC DATA | 425 | ||
| SUMMARY | 426 | ||
| REFERENCES | 427 | ||
| Future Prospects of Biologic Therapies for Immunologic Diseases | 431 | ||
| Key points | 431 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 431 | ||
| THERAPIES TARGETING CYTOKINES OR CYTOKINE RECEPTORS | 432 | ||
| Tocilizumab: Anti-Interleukin-6 Receptor Antibody | 432 | ||
| Allergic asthma | 432 | ||
| Atopic dermatitis | 434 | ||
| STAT3 gain-of-function mutations | 434 | ||
| Ustekinumab: Anti-Interleukin-12/23 p40 Antibody | 435 | ||
| Asthma | 435 | ||
| Atopic dermatitis | 435 | ||
| Inflammatory gastrointestinal disorders | 435 | ||
| GSK1070806: Anti-Interleukin-18 Antibody/Tadekinig Alfa: Recombinant Interleukin-18 Binding Protein | 436 | ||
| Cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes | 436 | ||
| Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis | 436 | ||
| NI-0501: Anti-Interferon γ Antibody | 437 | ||
| Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis | 437 | ||
| Adalimumab/Certolizumab/Golimumab/Infliximab: Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Antibody | 437 | ||
| Asthma | 437 | ||
| THERAPIES TARGETING CELLULAR ACTIVATION OR FUNCTION | 437 | ||
| Abatacept and Belatacept: CTLA-4-hIgG1-Fc Fusion Proteins | 438 | ||
| Allergen-specific immunotherapy adjuvant | 438 | ||
| Immunodeficiencies with autoimmune features | 439 | ||
| Rituximab: Anti-CD20 Antibody | 439 | ||
| Atopic dermatitis | 439 | ||
| Anticytokine autoantibody syndromes | 439 | ||
| Aldesleukin: Recombinant Interleukin-2 Protein | 440 | ||
| Immunodeficiencies with autoimmune features | 440 | ||
| THERAPIES TARGETING IMMUNOGLOBULIN E | 440 | ||
| Quilizumab: Anti-CemX Antibody/Omalizumab: Anti-Immunoglobulin E Antibody | 441 | ||
| Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis | 441 | ||
| Churg-Strauss syndrome | 441 | ||
| Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps | 442 | ||
| Mastocytosis | 442 | ||
| SUMMARY | 443 | ||
| REFERENCES | 443 |