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Neurologic Manifestations of Rheumatic Diseases, An Issue of Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America, E-Book
John Imboden | Sarah E. Goglin
(2017)
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Book Details
Abstract
This issue of Rheumatic Disease Clinics, edited by Drs. John Imboden and Sarah Goglin, will cover a variety of important aspects of the neurological manifestations of rheumatic diseases. Topics discussed in the issue will include: Primary vasculitis of the central nervous system; Neurologic manifestations of primary Sjogren Syndrome; Neurologic manifestations of antiphospholipid antibody syndrome; Neurologic manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis; Neuromyelitis optica; Neurosarcoid; Central nervous system infections associated with immunosuppressive therapy; and Neurologic manifestations of IgG4-related disease, among others.
Table of Contents
Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
---|---|---|---|
Front Cover | Cover | ||
Neurologic Manifestations of Rheumatic Diseases\r | i | ||
Copyright\r | ii | ||
Contributors | iii | ||
CONSULTING EDITOR | iii | ||
EDITORS | iii | ||
AUTHORS | iii | ||
Contents | v | ||
Foreword: Neurologic Manifestations of Rheumatic Diseases | v | ||
Preface: Neurologic Manifestations of Rheumatic Diseases | v | ||
Primary Angiitis of the Central Nervous System | v | ||
Neurologic Manifestations of Primary Sjögren Syndrome | v | ||
Central Nervous System Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus | v | ||
Central Nervous System Manifestations of Antiphospholipid Syndrome | vi | ||
Neurologic Manifestations of Rheumatoid Arthritis | vi | ||
Central Nervous System Disease in Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody–associated Vasculitis | vi | ||
Neuromyelitis Optica | vi | ||
Neurosarcoidosis | vii | ||
Central Nervous System Infections Associated with Immunosuppressive Therapy for Rheumatic Disease | vii | ||
Neurologic Features of Immunoglobulin G4–related Disease | vii | ||
Involvement of the Peripheral Nervous System in Polyarteritis Nodosa and Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody–associated Vas ... | viii | ||
RHEUMATIC DISEASE CLINICS\rOF NORTH AMERICA\r | ix | ||
FORTHCOMING ISSUES | ix | ||
February 2018 | ix | ||
May 2018 | ix | ||
RECENT ISSUES | ix | ||
August 2017 | ix | ||
May 2017 | ix | ||
February 2017 | ix | ||
Foreword: Neurologic Manifestations of Rheumatic Diseases\r | xi | ||
Preface:\rNeurologic Manifestations of Rheumatic Diseases | xiii | ||
Primary Angiitis of the Central Nervous System | 503 | ||
Key points | 503 | ||
INTRODUCTION | 503 | ||
HISTORICAL CONTEXT | 504 | ||
EPIDEMIOLOGY | 504 | ||
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS | 504 | ||
Disease Subtypes | 505 | ||
Granulomatous Angiitis of the Central Nervous System | 505 | ||
Lymphocytic Angiitis of the Central Nervous System | 505 | ||
Amyloid Beta-Related Angiitis | 506 | ||
Mass-like Lesions | 506 | ||
Spinal Cord Vasculitis | 507 | ||
DIAGNOSTIC APPROACH | 507 | ||
Serologic Tests | 507 | ||
Lumbar Puncture | 507 | ||
MRI | 507 | ||
Magnetic Resonance Angiography and Computed Tomography Angiography | 508 | ||
Conventional Cerebral Angiography | 508 | ||
Brain Biopsy | 509 | ||
TREATMENT | 509 | ||
Remission Induction Therapy | 510 | ||
Remission Maintenance Therapy | 510 | ||
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 510 | ||
Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome | 510 | ||
Intravascular Lymphoma | 514 | ||
SUMMARY | 515 | ||
REFERENCES | 515 | ||
Neurologic Manifestations of Primary Sjögren Syndrome | 519 | ||
Key points | 519 | ||
PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY | 520 | ||
Painful Sensory Neuropathy | 520 | ||
“Pure” Small Fiber Dorsal Root Ganglionitis | 520 | ||
“Mixed” Small and Large Fiber Dorsal Root Ganglionitis | 522 | ||
Sensorimotor Polyneuropathy | 522 | ||
Mononeuritis Multiplex | 522 | ||
Cranial Neuropathies | 522 | ||
Radiculoneuropathy | 523 | ||
Autonomic Neuropathy | 523 | ||
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM | 523 | ||
Subacute Encephalopathy | 524 | ||
Multiple Sclerosis–like Disease | 524 | ||
Headache | 524 | ||
Psychiatric Disease | 524 | ||
Ischemic Stroke | 525 | ||
MYOPATHY | 525 | ||
Treatment | 525 | ||
REFERENCES | 526 | ||
Central Nervous System Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus | 531 | ||
Key points | 531 | ||
INTRODUCTION | 531 | ||
DEFINITION AND CLASSIFICATION | 532 | ||
PATHOGENESIS OF NEUROPSYCHIATRIC SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS | 533 | ||
Autoantibodies and Blood–Brain Barrier Dysfunction | 533 | ||
Anti-DNA and Anti–N-Methyl-d-Aspartate Receptor Antibodies | 533 | ||
Anti-P Antibodies | 533 | ||
Antiphospholipid Antibodies | 534 | ||
Cytokines | 534 | ||
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS | 534 | ||
Diffuse Manifestations | 534 | ||
Cognitive Dysfunction | 534 | ||
Acute Confusional State and Psychosis | 535 | ||
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome | 535 | ||
FOCAL MANIFESTATIONS | 536 | ||
Stroke | 536 | ||
Seizure | 536 | ||
Transverse Myelitis | 537 | ||
DIAGNOSTIC APPROACH AND DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF NEUROPSYCHIATRIC SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS | 537 | ||
TREATMENT STRATEGIES OF NEUROPSYCHIATRIC SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS | 538 | ||
OUTCOMES | 540 | ||
SUMMARY | 540 | ||
REFERENCES | 540 | ||
Central Nervous System Manifestations of Antiphospholipid Syndrome | 547 | ||
Key points | 547 | ||
INTRODUCTION | 547 | ||
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS | 548 | ||
Cerebral Vascular Accident | 548 | ||
Cognitive Impairment and Dementia | 549 | ||
Venous Sinus Thrombosis | 550 | ||
Seizures and Epilepsy | 550 | ||
Chorea | 551 | ||
Headache and Migraine | 551 | ||
Multiple Sclerosis–like Disease | 551 | ||
Neuropsychiatric Disease | 552 | ||
CLASSIFICATION CRITERIA, LABORATORY, AND IMAGING FINDINGS | 552 | ||
Classification Criteria for Antiphospholipid Syndrome and Laboratory Testing | 552 | ||
Neuroimaging | 554 | ||
Treatment | 555 | ||
REFERENCES | 556 | ||
Neurologic Manifestations of Rheumatoid Arthritis | 561 | ||
Key points | 561 | ||
INVOLVEMENT OF THE CERVICAL SPINE | 561 | ||
Overview | 561 | ||
Atlantoaxial Subluxation | 562 | ||
Symptoms and Signs of Atlantoaxial Subluxation | 562 | ||
Vertical Subluxation due to Atlantooccipital Arthritis | 563 | ||
Subaxial Cervical Spine Subluxation | 563 | ||
Imaging of the Cervical Spine in Rheumatoid Arthritis | 563 | ||
The Effect of Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs and Biological Agents on Cervical Spine Disease | 566 | ||
Nonoperative Management | 566 | ||
Operative Management | 566 | ||
Special Considerations | 567 | ||
RHEUMATOID MENINGITIS | 567 | ||
Overview | 567 | ||
Presentation and Diagnosis of Rheumatoid Meningitis | 568 | ||
Differential Diagnosis | 568 | ||
Treatment of Rheumatoid Meningitis | 568 | ||
COMPRESSION NEUROPATHIES | 569 | ||
ISCHEMIC NEUROPATHY DUE TO RHEUMATOID VASCULITIS | 570 | ||
REFERENCES | 570 | ||
Central Nervous System Disease in Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies–Associated Vasculitis | 573 | ||
Key points | 573 | ||
OVERVIEW | 573 | ||
PITUITARY INVOLVEMENT | 574 | ||
MENINGEAL INVOLVEMENT | 575 | ||
CEREBRAL VASCULITIS | 576 | ||
REFERENCES | 577 | ||
Neuromyelitis Optica | 579 | ||
Key points | 579 | ||
INTRODUCTION | 579 | ||
EPIDEMIOLOGY | 579 | ||
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY | 580 | ||
CLINICAL PRESENTATION | 581 | ||
Transverse Myelitis | 581 | ||
Optic Neuritis | 581 | ||
Brainstem Syndromes | 583 | ||
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION | 583 | ||
Serum Aquaporin 4–Immunoglobulin G Testing | 583 | ||
Cerebrospinal Fluid | 583 | ||
Ophthalmologic Examination | 583 | ||
Neuroimaging | 584 | ||
DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA | 584 | ||
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 584 | ||
TREATMENT: ACUTE ATTACK | 584 | ||
TREATMENT: ATTACK PREVENTION | 584 | ||
Rituximab | 585 | ||
Other Immunosuppressive Agents | 586 | ||
EMERGING THERAPIES | 587 | ||
Eculizumab | 587 | ||
Tocilizumab | 587 | ||
Novel Therapeutics Targeting Aquaporin 4–Immunoglobulin G and Aquaporin 4 | 588 | ||
PROGNOSIS | 588 | ||
REFERENCES | 588 | ||
Neurosarcoidosis | 593 | ||
Key points | 593 | ||
INTRODUCTION | 593 | ||
CLINICAL FEATURES | 593 | ||
Cranial Neuropathy | 594 | ||
Meningeal Involvement | 595 | ||
Brain Parenchymal Disease | 595 | ||
Neuroendocrinologic Dysfunction | 595 | ||
Spinal Cord Disease | 596 | ||
Peripheral Neuropathy | 596 | ||
DIAGNOSTIC TESTS | 596 | ||
Neuroimaging | 596 | ||
Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis | 599 | ||
TREATMENTS | 600 | ||
Glucocorticoids | 600 | ||
Immunosuppressive Agents | 601 | ||
Biologic Agents | 602 | ||
SUMMARY | 602 | ||
REFERENCES | 602 | ||
Central Nervous System Infections Associated with Immunosuppressive Therapy for Rheumatic Disease | 607 | ||
Key points | 607 | ||
INTRODUCTION | 607 | ||
Case 1 | 608 | ||
Case 2 | 608 | ||
Broadly Immunosuppressive Agents | 609 | ||
Glucocorticoids | 609 | ||
Methotrexate | 610 | ||
Cyclophosphamide | 610 | ||
Biologic Immunomodulatory Therapies | 611 | ||
Tumor necrosis factor inhibitors | 611 | ||
B cell–targeted agents | 613 | ||
SUMMARY | 614 | ||
REFERENCES | 614 | ||
Neurologic Features of Immunoglobulin G4–Related Disease | 621 | ||
Key points | 621 | ||
INTRODUCTION | 621 | ||
GENERAL CLINICAL FEATURES AND COMMON PRESENTATIONS | 622 | ||
PATHOLOGIC FINDINGS | 622 | ||
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY | 623 | ||
SEROLOGY | 623 | ||
CLINICAL AND RADIOLOGICAL PRESENTATIONS OF NEUROLOGIC IMMUNOGLOBULIN G4–RELATED DISEASE | 623 | ||
MENINGEAL DISEASE | 624 | ||
CEREBROSPINAL FLUID FINDINGS IN IMMUNOGLOBULIN G4–RELATED PACHYMENINGITIS | 626 | ||
ORBITAL DISEASE | 626 | ||
PITUITARY GLAND AND STALK DISEASE | 627 | ||
PERIPHERAL NERVE DISEASE | 628 | ||
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM PARENCHYMAL DISEASE | 629 | ||
TREATMENT | 629 | ||
REFERENCES | 629 | ||
Involvement of the Peripheral Nervous System in Polyarteritis Nodosa and Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies–Associated V ... | 633 | ||
Key points | 633 | ||
OVERVIEW | 633 | ||
PATHOLOGIC FINDINGS | 634 | ||
CLINICAL SYNDROMES | 634 | ||
DIAGNOSIS | 634 | ||
ELECTRODIAGNOSTIC STUDIES | 636 | ||
NERVE BIOPSY | 636 | ||
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 637 | ||
TREATMENT AND OUTCOMES | 637 | ||
REFERENCES | 638 |