BOOK
Digestive Disorders of the Forestomach, An Issue of Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice, E-Book
Robert J. Callan | Meredyth L. Jones
(2017)
Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
This issue, edited by Drs. Robert Callan and Meredyth Jones, focuses on Digestive Disorders in Ruminants. Article topics include: Rumen (Forestomach) Development and Function; Diagnostic Approach to Forestomach Diseases; Clinical Rumen Acidosis; Diagnosis and Herd Management of Subclinical Rumen Acidosis; Disorders of Rumen Distension and Dysmotility; Diagnosis and Treatment of Hardware Disease; Temporary Rumen Fistula for the Treatment of Forestomach Diseases and Enteral Nutrition; Rumen Microbiome, probiotics, and Fermentation Additives.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | Cover | ||
| Digestive Disorders ofthe Forestomach\r | i | ||
| Copyright\r | ii | ||
| Contributors | iii | ||
| CONSULTING EDITOR | iii | ||
| EDITORS | iii | ||
| AUTHORS | iii | ||
| Contents | v | ||
| Preface: Digestive Disorders of the Ruminant Forestomach | v | ||
| Rumen Function and Development | v | ||
| Diagnostic Approach to Forestomach Diseases | v | ||
| Diagnosis and Treatment of Clinical Rumen Acidosis | v | ||
| Diagnosis and Management of Subacute Ruminal Acidosis in Dairy Herds | vi | ||
| Diagnosis and Management of Rumen Acidosis and Bloat in Feedlots | vi | ||
| Disorders of Rumen Distension and Dysmotility | vi | ||
| Diagnosis and Treatment of Hardware Disease | vi | ||
| Temporary Rumenostomy for the Treatment of Forestomach Diseases and Enteral Nutrition | vii | ||
| Rumen Microbiome, Probiotics, and Fermentation Additives\r | vii | ||
| VETERINARY CLINICS OF\rNORTH AMERICA:\rFOOD ANIMAL PRACTICE\r | viii | ||
| FORTHCOMING ISSUES | viii | ||
| March 2018 | viii | ||
| July 2018 | viii | ||
| November 2018 | viii | ||
| RECENT ISSUES | viii | ||
| July 2017 | viii | ||
| March 2017 | viii | ||
| November 2016 | viii | ||
| Preface\r | ix | ||
| Digestive Disorders of the Ruminant Forestomach | ix | ||
| Rumen Function and Development | 427 | ||
| Key points | 427 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 427 | ||
| IMPORTANCE OF GASTROINTESTINAL TISSUES TO PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY | 428 | ||
| STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE RUMINAL EPITHELIUM IN MATURE RUMINANTS | 428 | ||
| METABOLISM OF MATURE RUMINAL EPITHELIUM | 430 | ||
| VOLATILE FATTY ACID METABOLISM | 430 | ||
| Acetate | 430 | ||
| Propionate | 430 | ||
| Butyrate | 431 | ||
| Rumen development | 431 | ||
| Morphologic observations | 431 | ||
| Control of Proliferation | 433 | ||
| Neonatal ruminal epithelial metabolism | 433 | ||
| Underlying molecular responses in support of development and function | 434 | ||
| SUMMARY | 435 | ||
| REFERENCES | 436 | ||
| Diagnostic Approach to Forestomach Diseases | 441 | ||
| Key points | 441 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 441 | ||
| PATIENT HISTORY | 441 | ||
| PHYSICAL EXAMINATION | 442 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC TESTING | 443 | ||
| Rumen Fluid Analysis | 443 | ||
| Radiography | 447 | ||
| Ultrasound | 447 | ||
| SUPPLEMENTARY DATA | 449 | ||
| REFERENCES | 449 | ||
| Diagnosis and Treatment of Clinical Rumen Acidosis | 451 | ||
| Key points | 451 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 451 | ||
| PATHOPHYSIOLOGY | 452 | ||
| CLINICAL SIGNS | 454 | ||
| CLINICAL PATHOLOGY | 455 | ||
| DIAGNOSIS AND PROGNOSIS | 456 | ||
| TREATMENT | 456 | ||
| PREVENTION | 459 | ||
| REFERENCES | 459 | ||
| Diagnosis and Management of Subacute Ruminal Acidosis in Dairy Herds | 463 | ||
| Key points | 463 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 463 | ||
| PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF SUBACUTE RUMINAL ACIDOSIS IN DAIRY CATTLE | 464 | ||
| Low Ruminal pH | 464 | ||
| Increased Ruminal Lactate | 465 | ||
| Increased Ruminal Valerate | 465 | ||
| Reduced Dry Matter Intake | 465 | ||
| Feed Ingredient Selection | 465 | ||
| Cow Behavior | 465 | ||
| Inflammation | 466 | ||
| Reduced Feed Efficiency | 466 | ||
| Milk Fat Depression | 466 | ||
| Individual Cow Susceptibility to Subacute Ruminal Acidosis | 466 | ||
| Rumenitis | 467 | ||
| Hindgut Acidosis | 467 | ||
| Diarrhea | 467 | ||
| Altered Ruminal Microflora | 467 | ||
| Liver Abscess Formation | 468 | ||
| Other Infectious Diseases Secondary to Rumenitis | 468 | ||
| Lameness | 468 | ||
| Reduced Body Condition Score | 469 | ||
| Impaired Immune Function | 469 | ||
| CLINICAL SIGNS IN DAIRY HERDS AFFECTED WITH SUBACUTE RUMINAL ACIDOSIS | 469 | ||
| DIAGNOSIS OF SUBACUTE RUMINAL ACIDOSIS IN DAIRY HERDS | 469 | ||
| Evaluating Clinical Signs Associated with Subacute Ruminal Acidosis | 469 | ||
| Ruminal pH | 469 | ||
| Measuring Ruminal pH via Fluid Collected by Ororuminal Probe | 469 | ||
| Measuring Ruminal pH via Fluid Collected by Rumenocentesis | 469 | ||
| Measuring Ruminal pH via Indwelling pH Sensors | 470 | ||
| Milk Fatty Acid Profile | 471 | ||
| Rumination Measurements | 471 | ||
| Acute Phase Proteins | 471 | ||
| Fecal pH | 471 | ||
| Ultrasound | 471 | ||
| PREVENTION OF SUBACUTE RUMINAL ACIDOSIS IN DAIRY HERDS | 471 | ||
| Feeding a Total Mixed Ration | 472 | ||
| Excellent Feeding Management | 472 | ||
| Providing Adequate Effective Fiber in the Diet | 472 | ||
| Maximizing Ruminal Buffering | 473 | ||
| Provision of Free-Choice Buffers | 474 | ||
| Allowing for Adequate Ruminal Adaptation to Higher Concentrate Diets | 474 | ||
| Overview of Feed Additives for the Prevention of Subacute Ruminal Acidosis | 474 | ||
| Increasing Dietary Sugars | 475 | ||
| Yeast Supplementation | 475 | ||
| Monensin | 475 | ||
| Dicarboxylic Acids | 475 | ||
| Flavonoids and Essential Oils | 475 | ||
| SUMMARY | 475 | ||
| REFERENCES | 476 | ||
| Diagnosis and Management of Rumen Acidosis and Bloat in Feedlots | 481 | ||
| Key points | 481 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 481 | ||
| PREVALENCE OF DIGESTIVE-RELATED MORTALITY | 482 | ||
| RUMINAL ACIDOSIS REVIEW | 482 | ||
| CLINICAL FINDINGS | 483 | ||
| TREATMENT | 484 | ||
| RUMINAL BLOAT REVIEW | 485 | ||
| CLINICAL FINDINGS | 486 | ||
| TREATMENT | 487 | ||
| RUMINAL DIGESTION OF GRAINS AND FORAGES | 488 | ||
| FACTORS AND MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS AFFECTING ACIDOSIS AND BLOAT | 488 | ||
| RATION TRANSITIONS | 488 | ||
| BUNK MANAGEMENT | 489 | ||
| GRAIN TYPE AND PROCESSING | 490 | ||
| DIETARY FIBER | 491 | ||
| FEED ADDITIVES | 493 | ||
| SUMMARY | 493 | ||
| REFERENCES | 494 | ||
| Disorders of Rumen Distension and Dysmotility | 499 | ||
| Key points | 499 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 499 | ||
| NORMAL RUMEN CONTOUR AND MOTILITY | 499 | ||
| Abdominal and Rumen Contour | 499 | ||
| Normal Rumen Motility | 500 | ||
| PHYSICAL EXAMINATION | 501 | ||
| Abnormal Rumen Contour and Motility | 501 | ||
| Abnormal abdominal and rumen shape | 501 | ||
| Abnormalities of rumen motility | 504 | ||
| Disorders associated with rumen distension and dysmotility | 505 | ||
| Diagnostic Approach to Animals with Rumen Distension and Dysmotility | 507 | ||
| History and physical examination | 507 | ||
| ANCILLARY DIAGNOSTIC TESTING | 507 | ||
| Rumen Fluid Analysis | 507 | ||
| Blood Chemistry Analysis | 508 | ||
| Ultrasound of the Reticulum | 508 | ||
| Rumenotomy/Abdominal Exploratory | 509 | ||
| TREATMENT OPTIONS | 509 | ||
| Emergency Treatment | 510 | ||
| Transfaunation | 510 | ||
| SUMMARY | 510 | ||
| REFERENCES | 510 | ||
| Diagnosis and Treatment of Hardware Disease | 513 | ||
| Key points | 513 | ||
| INTRODUCTION: NATURE OF THE PROBLEM | 513 | ||
| PATIENT HISTORY | 514 | ||
| PHYSICAL EXAMINATION | 514 | ||
| Ancillary Diagnostics | 515 | ||
| TREATING HARDWARE DISEASE | 516 | ||
| SUPPORTIVE CARE | 517 | ||
| Pharmacologic Treatment Options | 517 | ||
| Nonpharmacologic Treatment Options | 517 | ||
| Magnets | 517 | ||
| Fluids | 517 | ||
| Surgical Treatment Options | 518 | ||
| Rumenotomy | 518 | ||
| Thoracotomy | 521 | ||
| SUMMARY | 522 | ||
| SUPPLEMENTARY DATA | 522 | ||
| REFERENCES | 522 | ||
| Temporary Rumenostomy for the Treatment of Forestomach Diseases and Enteral Nutrition | 525 | ||
| Key points | 525 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 525 | ||
| INDICATIONS | 526 | ||
| SURGICAL PROCEDURE | 529 | ||
| ENTERAL FEEDING | 533 | ||
| MANAGEMENT | 534 | ||
| CLOSURE | 535 | ||
| SUMMARY | 537 | ||
| REFERENCES | 537 | ||
| Rumen Microbiome, Probiotics, and Fermentation Additives | 539 | ||
| Key points | 539 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 539 | ||
| Significance of the Ruminal Microbiome | 539 | ||
| TECHNOLOGY FOR MICROBIAL RESEARCH: THEN, NOW, AND TOMORROW | 540 | ||
| IMPORTANCE OF RUMINAL MANIPULATION | 544 | ||
| MANIPULATORS OF RUMINAL FERMENTATION | 545 | ||
| Probiotics | 545 | ||
| Supplemental bacteria | 545 | ||
| Live yeast | 545 | ||
| Fungi-based feed supplementation | 546 | ||
| FERMENTATION ADDITIVES | 547 | ||
| Yeast Products | 547 | ||
| Plant Secondary Metabolites | 548 | ||
| Ionophores | 549 | ||
| SUMMARY | 549 | ||
| REFERENCES | 550 |