BOOK
Bone and Joint Infections, An Issue of Infectious Disease Clinics of North America, E-Book
(2017)
Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
Dr. Schmitt has put together a comprehensive issue devoted to bone and joint infections. Top experts have created state-of-the-art clinical reviews devoted to the following topics: Native septic arthritis; Reactive arthritis; Prevention of infection in orthopedic prosthetic surgery; Infections of the spine; Radiologic approach to musculoskeletal infections; Infections associated with open fractures; Fungal musculoskeletal infections; Mycobacterial musculoskeletal infections; Diagnosis of prosthetic joint infections-cultures, biomarkers, and criteria; Management of Prosthetic Joint Infections; Osteomyelitis In adults; and Osteomyelitis in children. Readers will come away with clinical information that can be immediately applied to caring for patients recovering from orthopedic surgeries.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | Cover | ||
| Bone and Joint Infections | i | ||
| Copyright\r | ii | ||
| Contributors | iii | ||
| CONSULTING EDITOR | iii | ||
| EDITOR | iii | ||
| AUTHORS | iii | ||
| Contents | v | ||
| Preface: Musculoskeletal Infections: Meeting the Challenge | v | ||
| Septic Arthritis of Native Joints | v | ||
| Diagnosis of Prosthetic Joint Infection: Cultures, Biomarker and Criteria | v | ||
| Management of Prosthetic Joint Infection | v | ||
| Prevention of Infection in Orthopedic Prosthetic Surgery | v | ||
| Reactive Arthritis | vi | ||
| Infections of the Spine | vi | ||
| Radiologic Approach to Musculoskeletal Infections | vi | ||
| Osteomyelitis | vi | ||
| Prevention of Infection in Open Fractures | vii | ||
| Fungal Musculoskeletal Infections | vii | ||
| Mycobacterial Musculoskeletal Infections | vii | ||
| INFECTIOUS DISEASE CLINICS\rOF NORTH AMERICA\r | viii | ||
| FORTHCOMING ISSUES | viii | ||
| September 2017 | viii | ||
| December 2017 | viii | ||
| March 2018 | viii | ||
| RECENT ISSUES | viii | ||
| March 2017 | viii | ||
| December 2016 | viii | ||
| September 2016 | viii | ||
| Preface:\rMusculoskeletal Infections: Meeting the Challenge | ix | ||
| Septic Arthritis of Native Joints | 203 | ||
| Key points | 203 | ||
| PATHOGENESIS | 203 | ||
| RISK FACTORS | 204 | ||
| CLINICAL PRESENTATION | 205 | ||
| JOINT DISTRIBUTION | 205 | ||
| SEPTIC ARTHRITIS OF CARTILAGINOUS JOINTS | 205 | ||
| BACTERIOLOGY | 206 | ||
| Staphylococcus aureus | 206 | ||
| β-hemolytic Streptococci | 206 | ||
| Pneumococcus | 207 | ||
| Gonococcal Arthritis | 207 | ||
| Enteric Gram-Negative Rods | 208 | ||
| Meningococcal Arthritis | 208 | ||
| SEPTIC ARTHRITIS IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS OR AFTER UNUSUAL EXPOSURES | 208 | ||
| Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci and Postarthroscopic Septic Arthritis | 208 | ||
| Mycobacterium Tuberculosis | 209 | ||
| Brucellosis | 209 | ||
| Foreign Body Synovitis and Plant Thorn Injuries | 209 | ||
| Human and Animal Bites | 209 | ||
| Whipple Disease | 209 | ||
| Mycoplasmas and Ureaplasmas | 210 | ||
| Intravenous Drug Users | 210 | ||
| Children | 210 | ||
| Prosthetic Joints | 211 | ||
| DIAGNOSIS: PROBLEMS AND PITFALLS | 211 | ||
| ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY | 212 | ||
| JOINT DRAINAGE | 213 | ||
| REFERENCES | 214 | ||
| Diagnosis of Prosthetic Joint Infection | 219 | ||
| Key points | 219 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 219 | ||
| CLINICAL PRESENTATION | 220 | ||
| PREOPERATIVE EVALUATION | 222 | ||
| White Blood Cell Count and Serologic Tests | 223 | ||
| Synovial Fluid Cell Count and Culture | 223 | ||
| INTRAOPERATIVE EVALUATION | 224 | ||
| Periprosthetic Purulence | 224 | ||
| Histopathology | 224 | ||
| Periprosthetic Tissue Cultures | 225 | ||
| Sonicate Cultures | 225 | ||
| Culture-Negative Prosthetic Joint Infections | 226 | ||
| ADVANCEMENTS IN PROSTHETIC JOINT INFECTION DIAGNOSTICS: NOVEL TESTS | 226 | ||
| Molecular Tests | 226 | ||
| Synovial Fluid Leukocyte Esterase Strip Test | 227 | ||
| Serum Interleukin-6 | 227 | ||
| Synovial Fluid Biomarkers | 227 | ||
| Alpha-defensin (α-defensin 1–3) | 228 | ||
| Synovial interleukin-6 | 228 | ||
| Synovial C-reactive protein | 228 | ||
| Shoulder and Elbow Arthroplasty Infections | 228 | ||
| Shoulder arthroplasty infection | 229 | ||
| Elbow arthroplasty infection | 229 | ||
| SUMMARY | 229 | ||
| REFERENCES | 229 | ||
| Management of Prosthetic Joint Infection | 237 | ||
| Key points | 237 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 237 | ||
| GENERAL PRINCIPLES AND TREATMENT SUCCESS | 237 | ||
| SELECTION OF A MEDICAL/SURGICAL STRATEGY | 238 | ||
| TWO-STAGE ARTHROPLASTY EXCHANGE | 241 | ||
| ONE-STAGE ARTHROPLASTY EXCHANGE | 244 | ||
| DÉBRIDEMENT WITH IMPLANT RETENTION | 244 | ||
| RESECTION WITHOUT REIMPLANTATION AND ARTHRODESIS | 245 | ||
| AMPUTATION | 246 | ||
| ANTIMICROBIAL THERAPY IN SPECIFIC SITUATIONS | 246 | ||
| Staphylococcal Infection Treated with Débridement, Antibiotics, and Implant Retention | 246 | ||
| Culture-Negative Prosthetic Joint Infection | 247 | ||
| Fungal Prosthetic Joint Infection | 247 | ||
| Nonsurgical Prosthetic Joint Infection Management | 247 | ||
| SUMMARY | 248 | ||
| REFERENCES | 248 | ||
| Prevention of Infection in Orthopedic Prosthetic Surgery | 253 | ||
| Key points | 253 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 253 | ||
| Risk Factors | 254 | ||
| PREOPERATIVE FACTORS | 254 | ||
| Obesity and Malnutrition | 254 | ||
| Perioperative Hyperglycemia and Diabetes Control | 255 | ||
| Smoking | 255 | ||
| Anemia | 255 | ||
| Rheumatoid Arthritis and Immunosuppressive Medications | 255 | ||
| Staphylococcus aureus Screening and Decolonization | 256 | ||
| INTRAOPERATIVE FACTORS | 256 | ||
| Perioperative Antimicrobial Prophylaxis | 256 | ||
| Antibiotic-Impregnated Bone Cement and Antibiotic-Laden Implants | 257 | ||
| Skin Preparation and Draping | 257 | ||
| Operating Room Traffic and Laminar Flow | 258 | ||
| POSTOPERATIVE FACTORS | 258 | ||
| Infection at Distant Sites and Preprocedure Prophylaxis | 258 | ||
| Hematoma Formation and Wound Drainage | 258 | ||
| SUMMARY | 258 | ||
| REFERENCES | 258 | ||
| Reactive Arthritis | 265 | ||
| Key points | 265 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 265 | ||
| Clinical Criteria | 265 | ||
| MICROBIOLOGY | 266 | ||
| EPIDEMIOLOGY | 266 | ||
| PATHOGENESIS | 267 | ||
| CLINICAL PRESENTATION | 268 | ||
| Primary Infection | 268 | ||
| Musculoskeletal Manifestations | 268 | ||
| Extraarticular Manifestations | 269 | ||
| DIAGNOSIS | 269 | ||
| History and Physical Examination | 269 | ||
| Confirmation of Triggering Infection | 269 | ||
| Testing for HLA-B27 | 270 | ||
| Acute Phase Reactants | 270 | ||
| Synovial Fluid Analysis | 270 | ||
| Imaging Findings | 271 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 271 | ||
| MANAGEMENT | 272 | ||
| Chronic Reactive Arthritis | 273 | ||
| PROGNOSIS | 274 | ||
| REFERENCES | 274 | ||
| Infections of the Spine | 279 | ||
| Key points | 279 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 279 | ||
| SPINE INFECTIONS | 281 | ||
| PYOGENIC FACET JOINT INFECTIONS | 286 | ||
| SPONDYLODISCITIS AND PSOAS MUSCLE ABSCESS | 289 | ||
| REFERENCES | 293 | ||
| Radiologic Approach to Musculoskeletal Infections | 299 | ||
| Key points | 299 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 299 | ||
| CONVENTIONAL RADIOGRAPHS | 300 | ||
| COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY | 300 | ||
| ULTRASOUND SCAN | 300 | ||
| RADIONUCLIDE IMAGING | 300 | ||
| THREE-PHASE BONE SCINTIGRAPHY | 300 | ||
| GALLIUM SCINTIGRAPHY | 301 | ||
| WHITE BLOOD CELL IMAGING | 301 | ||
| FLUORINE-18-FLUORODEOXYGLUCOSE–PET | 301 | ||
| MRI | 301 | ||
| SOFT TISSUE INFECTIONS | 302 | ||
| Cellulitis | 302 | ||
| Necrotizing Fasciitis | 302 | ||
| Pyomyositis/Abscess | 303 | ||
| SEPTIC ARTHRITIS, BURSITIS, AND TENOSYNOVITIS | 305 | ||
| Septic Arthritis | 305 | ||
| Septic Bursitis and Tenosynovitis | 306 | ||
| PERIPROSTHETIC JOINT INFECTIONS | 308 | ||
| OSTEOMYELITIS | 311 | ||
| Acute Osteomyelitis | 311 | ||
| Chronic Osteomyelitis | 314 | ||
| SPINE INFECTIONS | 314 | ||
| Spondylodiscitis | 314 | ||
| SEPTIC FACET JOINT | 318 | ||
| REFERENCES | 321 | ||
| Osteomyelitis | 325 | ||
| Key points | 325 | ||
| INTRODUCTION AND HISTORY | 325 | ||
| EPIDEMIOLOGY AND CLASSIFICATION | 326 | ||
| PATHOPHYSIOLOGY | 326 | ||
| MICROBIOLOGY | 327 | ||
| CLINICAL PRESENTATION | 328 | ||
| DIAGNOSIS | 329 | ||
| MANAGEMENT | 329 | ||
| KEY CLINICAL PRESENTATIONS | 331 | ||
| Vertebral Osteomyelitis | 331 | ||
| Acute Hematogenous Osteomyelitis in Children | 331 | ||
| Lower Extremity Osteomyelitis in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus | 332 | ||
| Osteomyelitis After Trauma | 333 | ||
| Osteomyelitis in Sickle Cell Disease | 334 | ||
| Osteomyelitis and Injection Drug Use | 334 | ||
| Osteomyelitis and Hemodialysis | 334 | ||
| Infections of the Bony Pelvis | 334 | ||
| REFERENCES | 335 | ||
| Prevention of Infection in Open Fractures | 339 | ||
| Key points | 339 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 339 | ||
| EVALUATION AND CLASSIFICATION | 340 | ||
| Evaluation of Patient and Extremity | 340 | ||
| Classification of Open Fractures | 340 | ||
| ANTIBIOTIC ADMINISTRATION | 341 | ||
| Role of Antibiotics in Reducing Infection | 341 | ||
| Timing of Antibiotics | 341 | ||
| Choice of Antibiotics | 342 | ||
| The Role of Wound Cultures | 343 | ||
| Duration of Systemic Antibiotic Therapy | 344 | ||
| Local Antibiotic Therapy | 344 | ||
| DEBRIDEMENT AND IRRIGATION | 345 | ||
| Debridement | 345 | ||
| Timing of Debridement | 345 | ||
| Irrigation | 346 | ||
| WOUND MANAGEMENT | 346 | ||
| Wound Closure | 346 | ||
| Soft Tissue Reconstruction | 347 | ||
| FRACTURE FIXATION | 348 | ||
| SUMMARY | 348 | ||
| REFERENCES | 349 | ||
| Fungal Musculoskeletal Infections | 353 | ||
| Key points | 353 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 353 | ||
| PATHOGENESIS AND PRESENTATION | 353 | ||
| TREATMENT | 354 | ||
| CANDIDA | 355 | ||
| Candida Osteomyelitis | 355 | ||
| Candida Septic Arthritis | 357 | ||
| ASPERGILLUS | 357 | ||
| Aspergillus Osteomyelitis | 357 | ||
| Aspergillus Septic Arthritis | 357 | ||
| NON-ASPERGILLUS FILAMENTOUS FUNGI | 358 | ||
| CRYPTOCOCCUS | 358 | ||
| THE ENDEMIC DIMORPHIC FUNGI | 359 | ||
| PROSTHETIC JOINT INFECTIONS AND OTHER ORTHOPEDIC HARDWARE INFECTIONS | 361 | ||
| SPECIAL POPULATIONS | 361 | ||
| Chronic Granulomatous Disease | 361 | ||
| Illicit Intravenous Drug Use | 362 | ||
| Neonates | 362 | ||
| ANTIFUNGAL PHARMACOLOGY AND OSTEOARTICULAR INFECTIONS | 362 | ||
| SUMMARY | 363 | ||
| REFERENCES | 363 | ||
| Mycobacterial Musculoskeletal Infections | 369 | ||
| Key points | 369 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 369 | ||
| PATHOGENESIS AND HOST RISK FACTORS | 370 | ||
| RISK FACTORS FOR MUSCULOSKELETAL INVOLVEMENT | 370 | ||
| INCIDENCE OF MUSCULOSKELETAL MYCOBACTERIAL INFECTION | 371 | ||
| CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS | 372 | ||
| Tuberculosis | 372 | ||
| Nontuberculous Mycobacteria | 373 | ||
| DIAGNOSIS | 373 | ||
| THERAPY FOR MYCOBACTERIAL MUSCULOSKELETAL INFECTIONS | 375 | ||
| General Approaches | 375 | ||
| Mycobacterium tuberculosis | 375 | ||
| Nontuberculous Mycobacteria | 378 | ||
| SUMMARY | 379 | ||
| REFERENCES | 379 | ||
| Index | 383 |