BOOK
Comprehensive Care of the Patient with Chronic Illness, An Issue of Medical Clinics of North America, E-Book
(2015)
Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
This issue of Medical Clinics of North America, Guest Edited by Douglas S. Paauw, MD is devoted to Comprehensive Care of the Patient with Chronic Illness. Dr. Paauw has assembled a group of expert authors to review the following topics: Primary Care of the Homeless Patient; Primary Care of the Patient with Chronic Liver Disease; Primary Care of the Transplant Patient; Primary Care of the Patient with CRI; Primary Care of the Patient with Alcoholism; Primary Care of the Childhood Cancer Survivor; Primary Care of the Immigrant Patient; Primary Care of the HIV Patient; Primary Care of the Patient with Chronic Lung Disease; Primary Care of the Patient with Sarcoid; and Primary Care of the Patient with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | Cover | ||
| Comprehensive Careof the Patient withChronic Illness | i | ||
| Copyright\r | ii | ||
| PROGRAM OBJECTIVE | iii | ||
| TARGET AUDIENCE | iii | ||
| LEARNING OBJECTIVES | iii | ||
| ACCREDITATION | iii | ||
| DISCLOSURE OF CONFLICTS OF INTEREST | iii | ||
| UNAPPROVED/OFF-LABEL USE DISCLOSURE | iii | ||
| TO ENROLL | iv | ||
| METHOD OF PARTICIPATION | iv | ||
| CME INQUIRIES/SPECIAL NEEDS | iv | ||
| MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA\r | v | ||
| FORTHCOMING ISSUES | v | ||
| November 2015 | v | ||
| January 2016 | v | ||
| March 2016 | v | ||
| RECENT ISSUES | v | ||
| July 2015 | v | ||
| May 2015 | v | ||
| March 2015 | v | ||
| Contributors | vii | ||
| CONSULTING EDITORS | vii | ||
| EDITOR | vii | ||
| AUTHORS | vii | ||
| Contents | xi | ||
| Foreword: Comprehensive Care of the Patient with Chronic Illness\r | xi | ||
| Preface: Walking the Narrow Path—Managing the Patient with Chronic Medical Illnesses\r | xi | ||
| Comprehensive Care of Patients with Chronic Liver Disease\r | xi | ||
| Primary Care of the Patient with Chronic Kidney Disease\r | xi | ||
| Primary Care of the Patient with Asthma\r | xi | ||
| Primary Care of the Patient with Inflammatory Bowel Disease\r | xii | ||
| Primary Care Management of Alcohol Misuse\r | xii | ||
| Care of the Homeless Patient\r | xii | ||
| Care of Adult Refugees with Chronic Conditions\r | xii | ||
| Primary Care of the Childhood Cancer Survivor\r | xiii | ||
| Primary Care of the Solid Organ Transplant Recipient\r | xiii | ||
| Primary Care of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Patient\r | xiii | ||
| The Management of Sarcoidosis: A Primary Care Approach\r | xiii | ||
| Foreword\r | xv | ||
| REFERENCES | xvi | ||
| Preface\r | xvii | ||
| Comprehensive Care of Patients with Chronic Liver Disease | 913 | ||
| Key points | 913 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 914 | ||
| CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE AT ANY STAGE: MANAGEMENT GOALS | 914 | ||
| Harm Reduction | 914 | ||
| Transmission | 914 | ||
| Weight, exercise, and nutrition | 915 | ||
| Alcohol and tobacco | 916 | ||
| Screening and immunizations | 916 | ||
| Bone disease | 916 | ||
| Surgical risk | 917 | ||
| Medication management | 918 | ||
| MONITORING | 920 | ||
| Progression to Cirrhosis | 920 | ||
| Hepatocellular Carcinoma | 922 | ||
| Treatment of Associated Conditions | 922 | ||
| SPECIFIC MANAGEMENT OF CIRRHOSIS AND ITS COMPLICATIONS | 922 | ||
| Ascites | 922 | ||
| Evaluation of new ascites | 922 | ||
| Basic management of ascites | 923 | ||
| Management of tense or refractory ascites | 923 | ||
| VARICES | 924 | ||
| Primary Variceal Prophylaxis | 925 | ||
| Secondary Prophylaxis of Variceal Bleeding | 926 | ||
| HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY | 927 | ||
| HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA | 929 | ||
| PROGNOSIS, LIVER TRANSPLANTATION, AND PALLIATIVE CARE | 929 | ||
| Prognosis in Patients with Chronic Liver Disease | 929 | ||
| LIVER TRANSPLANTATION | 930 | ||
| PALLIATIVE AND END-OF-LIFE CARE IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE | 930 | ||
| SUMMARY | 930 | ||
| REFERENCES | 930 | ||
| Primary Care of the Patient with Chronic Kidney Disease | 935 | ||
| Key points | 935 | ||
| BACKGROUND | 936 | ||
| EPIDEMIOLOGY | 936 | ||
| NATURAL HISTORY | 937 | ||
| Mortality | 937 | ||
| Progression to End-Stage Renal Disease | 938 | ||
| EVALUATION | 938 | ||
| Screening | 939 | ||
| New Diagnosis | 939 | ||
| ASSESSING RENAL DYSFUNCTION | 940 | ||
| Glomerular Filtration Rate | 940 | ||
| Proteinuria | 941 | ||
| Other Laboratory Studies | 941 | ||
| TREATMENT | 942 | ||
| Renin-Angiotension-Aldosterone System Inhibition | 943 | ||
| Risk Factor Modification | 944 | ||
| COMPLICATIONS | 946 | ||
| Anemia | 946 | ||
| Metabolic Acidosis | 947 | ||
| Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder | 947 | ||
| WHEN TO REFER | 947 | ||
| SUMMARY | 948 | ||
| REFERENCES | 948 | ||
| Primary Care of the Patient with Asthma | 953 | ||
| Key points | 953 | ||
| BACKGROUND | 953 | ||
| RISK FACTORS | 954 | ||
| Occupational Exposure | 954 | ||
| Smoking and Second-Hand Smoke | 954 | ||
| Female Sex | 954 | ||
| Obesity | 955 | ||
| Other Risk Factors, Including Infection | 955 | ||
| DIAGNOSIS OF ADULT-ONSET ASTHMA | 955 | ||
| Patient History and Physical Examination | 955 | ||
| Imaging and Additional Testing | 956 | ||
| MANAGEMENT OF ADULT-ONSET ASTHMA | 957 | ||
| Management Goals | 957 | ||
| Nonpharmacologic Strategies | 957 | ||
| Pharmacologic Strategies | 958 | ||
| Short-acting β2-agonists | 958 | ||
| Inhaled corticosteroids | 958 | ||
| Long-acting β2-agonists | 959 | ||
| Oral corticosteroids | 959 | ||
| Inhaled anticholinergic agents | 959 | ||
| Leukotriene receptor antagonists | 959 | ||
| Theophylline | 960 | ||
| EVALUATION, ADJUSTMENT, AND RECURRENCE | 960 | ||
| Treating Asthma Exacerbations | 961 | ||
| “Difficult-to-Control” Disease and Indications for Referral | 961 | ||
| COMPLICATIONS OF OBSTRUCTIVE LUNG DISEASE | 961 | ||
| Weight Loss and Cachexia | 961 | ||
| Osteoporosis | 962 | ||
| Hypoxemia | 962 | ||
| SUMMARY | 963 | ||
| REFERENCES | 963 | ||
| Primary Care of the Patient with Inflammatory Bowel Disease | 969 | ||
| Key points | 969 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 969 | ||
| DEMOGRAPHICS | 970 | ||
| Primary Care Management of Alcohol Misuse | 989 | ||
| Key points | 989 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 989 | ||
| DEFINITIONS, EPIDEMIOLOGY, AND CONSEQUENCES OF ALCOHOL MISUSE | 990 | ||
| Definitions | 990 | ||
| Alcohol misuse | 990 | ||
| Alcohol use disorder | 990 | ||
| Epidemiology | 990 | ||
| Harms of Alcohol Misuse | 994 | ||
| Benefits of Alcohol | 994 | ||
| MANAGEMENT OF SELECTED CONDITIONS IN PATIENTS WITH ALCOHOL MISUSE | 995 | ||
| Insomnia | 995 | ||
| Pain | 996 | ||
| Psychiatric Comorbidity | 997 | ||
| Hypertension | 997 | ||
| Abdominal Pain and Alcoholic Liver Disease | 998 | ||
| Osteoporosis | 998 | ||
| Malnutrition, Wernicke Encephalopathy | 999 | ||
| Anemia | 999 | ||
| SCREENING FOR ALCOHOL MISUSE | 999 | ||
| Routine Screening | 999 | ||
| Alcohol Assessment | 1001 | ||
| MANAGEMENT OF ALCOHOL MISUSE | 1001 | ||
| Brief Intervention: Alcohol Counseling in Primary Care | 1002 | ||
| The evidence | 1002 | ||
| Conducting brief alcohol intervention | 1003 | ||
| Additional Treatments for Alcohol Use Disorder | 1003 | ||
| Mutual-help groups and specialty behavioral treatment | 1003 | ||
| Pharmacotherapy | 1003 | ||
| Medical management of alcohol withdrawal | 1005 | ||
| Follow-up evaluation and managing patients in remission | 1006 | ||
| SUMMARY: ALCOHOL CARE IN PRIMARY CARE | 1007 | ||
| REFERENCES | 1008 | ||
| Care of the Homeless Patient | 1017 | ||
| Key points | 1017 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 1017 | ||
| CLINIC VISIT | 1018 | ||
| SPECIFIC MANAGEMENT | 1021 | ||
| Diabetes Mellitus | 1021 | ||
| Hypertension | 1021 | ||
| Cardiovascular Disease | 1022 | ||
| Lung Disease | 1022 | ||
| Hepatitis and Chronic Liver Disease | 1022 | ||
| Human Immunodeficiency Virus | 1023 | ||
| Outbreaks and Infestations | 1024 | ||
| Mental Health | 1026 | ||
| Trauma and Injuries | 1027 | ||
| Substance Use Disorders | 1028 | ||
| Chronic Pain | 1029 | ||
| Preventive Services | 1030 | ||
| SPECIFIC POPULATIONS | 1032 | ||
| Women and Children | 1032 | ||
| Teens | 1033 | ||
| Older Adults and Elders | 1033 | ||
| Veterans | 1033 | ||
| Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender | 1033 | ||
| FUTURE DIRECTIONS | 1034 | ||
| Housing | 1034 | ||
| Medical Respite | 1034 | ||
| Palliative Care | 1034 | ||
| Alternative Approaches to Primary Care for Homeless Patients | 1034 | ||
| SUMMARY | 1035 | ||
| REFERENCES | 1035 | ||
| Care of Adult Refugees with Chronic Conditions | 1039 | ||
| Key points | 1039 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 1039 | ||
| THE IMPORTANCE OF USING A TRAINED INTERPRETER | 1041 | ||
| A BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE OVERSEAS EVALUATION | 1042 | ||
| THE DOMESTIC EVALUATION OF ADULTS | 1042 | ||
| Tuberculosis | 1043 | ||
| Chronic Parasitic Worm Infections | 1043 | ||
| Hepatitis B Infection | 1044 | ||
| MENTAL HEALTH | 1044 | ||
| Detection and Treatment | 1045 | ||
| Survivors of Torture | 1046 | ||
| Somatization and Chronic Pain | 1048 | ||
| CHRONIC NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES | 1048 | ||
| Hypertension | 1049 | ||
| Diabetes | 1049 | ||
| SUMMARY | 1053 | ||
| ACKNOWLEDGMENTS | 1053 | ||
| SUPPLEMENTARY DATA | 1053 | ||
| REFERENCES | 1053 | ||
| FURTHER READINGS | 1057 | ||
| GENERAL MEDICAL CARE FOR THE REFUGEE PATIENT | 1057 | ||
| CROSS-CULTURE MEDICINE | 1057 | ||
| OVERSEAS AND DOMESTIC EVALUATION FOR US REFUGEES | 1057 | ||
| MANAGEMENT OF LATENT TUBERCULOSIS | 1058 | ||
| FEMALE GENITAL CUTTING | 1058 | ||
| SURVIVORS OF TORTURE | 1058 | ||
| Primary Care of the Childhood Cancer Survivor | 1059 | ||
| Key points | 1059 | ||
| CASE | 1059 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 1059 | ||
| HISTORY | 1060 | ||
| MANAGEMENT GOALS | 1060 | ||
| RECURRENCE AND SUBSEQUENT MALIGNANCIES | 1061 | ||
| LATE EFFECTS | 1063 | ||
| Physical | 1063 | ||
| Cognitive | 1067 | ||
| Psychosocial | 1070 | ||
| PREVENTIVE CARE | 1070 | ||
| SUMMARY | 1071 | ||
| CASE REVISITED | 1071 | ||
| ACKNOWLEDGMENT | 1071 | ||
| REFERENCES | 1072 | ||
| Primary Care of the Solid Organ Transplant Recipient | 1075 | ||
| Key points | 1075 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 1075 | ||
| INITIAL ASSESSMENT OF THE SOLID ORGAN TRANSPLANT RECIPIENT | 1076 | ||
| History-Taking Elements | 1077 | ||
| Basic data | 1077 | ||
| Laboratory data | 1077 | ||
| Status of the transplanted organ | 1077 | ||
| Rejection | 1077 | ||
| Infectious complications | 1077 | ||
| Medications | 1078 | ||
| Other Medical History | 1080 | ||
| Systemic illnesses that lead to transplantation | 1080 | ||
| Other complications common to solid organ transplant recipients | 1080 | ||
| Chronic kidney disease | 1080 | ||
| Hypertension | 1080 | ||
| Metabolic complications | 1080 | ||
| Review of Systems | 1081 | ||
| Physical Examination | 1081 | ||
| FOLLOW-UP VISITS | 1081 | ||
| Routine Follow-up | 1081 | ||
| Visits for Medical Conditions or Symptoms | 1081 | ||
| Organ-specific Issues | 1082 | ||
| Kidney transplantation | 1082 | ||
| Pancreas transplantation | 1082 | ||
| Liver transplantation | 1082 | ||
| Heart transplantation | 1082 | ||
| Lung transplantation | 1083 | ||
| When to Consult with Transplant Team/Specialist | 1083 | ||
| PREVENTIVE HEALTH IN SOLID ORGAN TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS | 1083 | ||
| Immunizations | 1083 | ||
| General considerations | 1083 | ||
| Cancer Screening | 1086 | ||
| Colorectal, breast, prostate, and lung cancer screening | 1086 | ||
| Cervical cancer screening | 1086 | ||
| Skin cancer screening | 1087 | ||
| Bone Density Screening | 1087 | ||
| Substance Use | 1087 | ||
| Exposures | 1087 | ||
| Pregnancy | 1088 | ||
| Mental Health | 1088 | ||
| Screening for Metabolic and Other Conditions | 1088 | ||
| MEDICATIONS: INTERACTIONS AND SIDE EFFECTS | 1088 | ||
| Medication History | 1089 | ||
| Calcineurin inhibitors | 1089 | ||
| Mycophenolate | 1089 | ||
| Prednisone | 1092 | ||
| Azathioprine | 1092 | ||
| Mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors | 1092 | ||
| Drug interactions | 1092 | ||
| INFECTIOUS COMPLICATIONS IN SOLID ORGAN TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS | 1094 | ||
| Early: Immediate Posttransplant to 1 Month | 1094 | ||
| Nosocomial infections | 1094 | ||
| Donor-derived infections | 1095 | ||
| Common recipient colonizers | 1095 | ||
| Mid: 1 to 6 Months After Transplantation | 1095 | ||
| Viral infection | 1095 | ||
| Bacterial infections | 1095 | ||
| Fungal infections | 1096 | ||
| Late: More than 6 Months After Transplantation | 1096 | ||
| COMMON INFECTIOUS SYNDROMES (CAP, UTI, DIARRHEA) | 1096 | ||
| Community-acquired Pneumonia | 1096 | ||
| Primary Care of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Patient | 1105 | ||
| Key points | 1105 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 1105 | ||
| MANAGEMENT GOALS | 1106 | ||
| Detection and Screening | 1106 | ||
| Goals of Antiretroviral Therapy | 1106 | ||
| Presence of Comorbidities | 1107 | ||
| Approach to the Patient | 1110 | ||
| Baseline Evaluation | 1110 | ||
| PHARMACOLOGIC STRATEGIES | 1111 | ||
| Antiretroviral Therapy | 1111 | ||
| Prevention of Opportunistic Infections | 1111 | ||
| Treatment of Comorbid Chronic Conditions | 1111 | ||
| Cardiovascular disease | 1111 | ||
| NONPHARMACOLOGIC STRATEGIES | 1115 | ||
| Screening and Preventive Care | 1115 | ||
| EVALUATION, ADJUSTMENT, AND RECURRENCE | 1116 | ||
| SUMMARY AND FUTURE CONSIDERATIONS | 1119 | ||
| REFERENCES | 1119 | ||
| The Management of Sarcoidosis | 1123 | ||
| Key points | 1123 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 1123 | ||
| NATURAL HISTORY OF SARCOIDOSIS | 1124 | ||
| INITIAL EVALUATION | 1124 | ||
| FOLLOW-UP | 1128 | ||
| RESPIRATORY SYSTEM | 1129 | ||
| CARDIAC INVOLVEMENT | 1133 | ||
| NEUROLOGIC INVOLVEMENT | 1135 | ||
| RENAL INVOLVEMENT | 1137 | ||
| EYE INVOLVEMENT | 1138 | ||
| CUTANEOUS INVOLVEMENT | 1139 | ||
| OTHER MANIFESTATIONS | 1140 | ||
| LÖFGREN SYNDROME | 1141 | ||
| SINONASAL SARCOIDOSIS | 1142 | ||
| BONE DISEASE | 1143 | ||
| MISCELLANEOUS PRESENTATIONS | 1143 | ||
| TREATMENT | 1144 | ||
| SUMMARY | 1147 | ||
| REFERENCES | 1147 | ||
| Index | 1149 |