BOOK
Lung Cancer, An Issue of Surgical Oncology Clinics of North America, E-Book
(2016)
Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
This issue of Surgical Oncology Clinics of North America, guest edited by Dr. Mark Krasna, is devoted to Lung Cancer. Dr. Krasna has assembled expert authors to review the following topics: Epidemiology for Lung Cancer; Screening for Lung Cancer; Pathology for Lung Cancer; Treatment of Patients with Oligometastatic Disease for NSCLC; SBRT/Ablative Therapies for NSCLC; Mediastinal Staging for Lung Cancer; VATS Lobectomy for NSCLC; Robotic Lung Resection for NSCLC; Pneumonectomy for NSCLC; Bronchoscopy-Diagnostic and Therapeutic for NSCLC; Neoadjuvant Therapy for Lung Cancer; Molecular/Targeted Therapy for Lung Cancer; Adjuvant Therapy for Stage 1and 2 NSCLC, and more!
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | Cover | ||
| Lung Cancer | i | ||
| Copyright\r | ii | ||
| Contributors | iii | ||
| CONSULTING EDITOR | iii | ||
| EDITOR | iii | ||
| AUTHORS | iii | ||
| Contents | vii | ||
| Foreword: Lung Cancer\r | vii | ||
| Preface: Lung Cancer\r | vii | ||
| Epidemiology of Lung Cancer\r | vii | ||
| Classification and Pathology of Lung Cancer\r | vii | ||
| Screening for Lung Cancer\r | vii | ||
| Bronchoscopy: Diagnostic and Therapeutic for Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer\r | viii | ||
| Mediastinal Staging in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer\r | viii | ||
| Thoracoscopic Lobectomy for Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer\r | viii | ||
| Robotic Lung Resection for Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer\r | viii | ||
| Pneumonectomy for Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer\r | ix | ||
| Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy and Ablative Therapies for Lung Cancer\r | ix | ||
| Neoadjuvant Therapy in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer\r | ix | ||
| Adjuvant Therapy for Stage I and II Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer\x0B | ix | ||
| Targeted Therapy and Immunotherapy for Lung Cancer\r | x | ||
| Local Therapy Indications in the Management of Patients with Oligometastatic Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer\r | x | ||
| SURGICAL ONCOLOGY\rCLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA\r\x0B | xi | ||
| FORTHCOMING ISSUES | xi | ||
| October 2016 | xi | ||
| January 2017 | xi | ||
| April 2017 | xi | ||
| RECENT ISSUES | xi | ||
| April 2016 | xi | ||
| January 2016 | xi | ||
| October 2015 | xi | ||
| Foreword:\rLung Cancer | xiii | ||
| Preface:\rLung Cancer | xv | ||
| Epidemiology of Lung Cancer | 439 | ||
| Key points | 439 | ||
| EPIDEMIOLOGIC CHARACTERISTICS | 439 | ||
| Incidence and Mortality | 439 | ||
| Survival | 440 | ||
| RISK FACTORS | 440 | ||
| Tobacco | 440 | ||
| Air Pollution | 441 | ||
| Radon | 442 | ||
| Occupational Exposure | 442 | ||
| Hereditary Susceptibility | 442 | ||
| Radiation | 442 | ||
| Diet | 443 | ||
| Others | 443 | ||
| SUMMARY | 443 | ||
| REFERENCES | 443 | ||
| Classification and Pathology of Lung Cancer | 447 | ||
| Key points | 447 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 447 | ||
| ADENOCARCINOMA | 448 | ||
| Preinvasive or Minimally Invasive Adenocarcinoma | 449 | ||
| Invasive Adenocarcinoma | 450 | ||
| Lepidic Adenocarcinoma | 450 | ||
| Acinar Adenocarcinoma | 451 | ||
| Papillary Adenocarcinoma | 451 | ||
| Micropapillary Adenocarcinoma | 451 | ||
| Solid Adenocarcinoma | 451 | ||
| Rare Variants of Invasive Adenocarcinoma | 451 | ||
| SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA | 451 | ||
| LARGE CELL CARCINOMA | 453 | ||
| OTHER NON–SMALL CELL CARCINOMA TYPES | 453 | ||
| NEUROENDOCRINE TUMORS | 454 | ||
| Typical Carcinoid | 454 | ||
| Atypical Carcinoid | 455 | ||
| Small Cell Carcinoma | 456 | ||
| Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma | 457 | ||
| OTHER PRIMARY TUMORS OF THE LUNG | 457 | ||
| BIOPSY DIAGNOSIS OF LUNG CANCER | 457 | ||
| IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY | 458 | ||
| MOLECULAR TESTING OF LUNG CANCER | 460 | ||
| SUMMARY | 462 | ||
| REFERENCES | 462 | ||
| Screening for Lung Cancer | 469 | ||
| Key points | 469 | ||
| HISTORY OF LUNG CANCER SCREENING | 470 | ||
| Chest Radiograph Screening | 470 | ||
| Early Computed Tomography Screening Studies | 470 | ||
| Modeling Approaches to Estimate Mortality Benefit | 471 | ||
| The Gold Standard: the National Lung Screening Trial | 471 | ||
| IMPORTANT STATISTICAL CONCEPTS | 472 | ||
| CURRENT RECOMMENDATIONS | 474 | ||
| RESECTION OF SCREEN-DETECTED LUNG CANCER | 475 | ||
| SUMMARY | 476 | ||
| REFERENCES | 477 | ||
| Bronchoscopy | 481 | ||
| Key points | 481 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 481 | ||
| NON–SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER | 482 | ||
| GENERAL BRONCHOSCOPY: RIGID AND FLEXIBLE | 482 | ||
| ENDOBRONCHIAL DIAGNOSIS OF NON–SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER | 483 | ||
| Endobronchial Ultrasound | 483 | ||
| Electromagnetic Navigational Bronchoscopy | 484 | ||
| Autofluorescence and Narrow Band Imaging Bronchoscopy | 486 | ||
| ENDOBRONCHIAL THERAPY FOR NON–SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER | 487 | ||
| Photodynamic Therapy | 487 | ||
| Laser Therapy | 488 | ||
| Cryotherapy | 488 | ||
| Stents | 489 | ||
| SUMMARY | 489 | ||
| REFERENCES | 489 | ||
| Mediastinal Staging in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer | 493 | ||
| Key points | 493 | ||
| IMPORTANCE OF PRETREATMENT STAGING IN THE MANAGEMENT OF NON–SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER | 493 | ||
| THE TIMING OF MEDIASTINAL LYMPH NODE STAGING | 494 | ||
| CONSEQUENCES OF MISSED MEDIASTINAL LYMPH NODE INVOLVEMENT | 495 | ||
| BENEFITS OF PREOPERATIVE DETECTION OF MEDIASTINAL LYMPH NODE INVOLVEMENT | 495 | ||
| THE IDEAL METHOD FOR PRETREATMENT MEDIASTINAL LYMPH NODE STAGING | 495 | ||
| NONINVASIVE METHODS OF MEDIASTINAL LYMPH NODE STAGING | 496 | ||
| ENDOSCOPIC NEEDLE BIOPSY OF MEDIASTINAL LYMPH NODES | 496 | ||
| TRANSCERVICAL MEDIASTINOSCOPY | 497 | ||
| THORACOSCOPIC LYMPH NODE SAMPLING AND LYMPH NODE DISSECTION | 497 | ||
| ANTERIOR MEDIASTINOTOMY | 498 | ||
| IMAGING VERSUS BIOPSY IN MEDIASTINAL LYMPH NODE STAGING | 498 | ||
| TRANSBRONCHIAL/TRANSESOPHAGEAL NEEDLE BIOPSY VERSUS MEDIASTINOSCOPY | 498 | ||
| RESTAGING OF THE MEDIASTINUM FOLLOWING NEOADJUVANT CHEMORADIOTHERAPY | 499 | ||
| WHO SHOULD UNDERGO INVASIVE MEDIASTINAL LYMPH NODE STAGING? | 499 | ||
| SUGGESTED APPROACH TO MEDIASTINAL LYMPH NODE STAGING IN LUNG CANCER | 500 | ||
| SUMMARY | 500 | ||
| REFERENCES | 500 | ||
| Thoracoscopic Lobectomy for Non–small Cell Lung Cancer | 503 | ||
| Key points | 503 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 503 | ||
| Video-assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery Lobectomy as an Oncologic Procedure | 504 | ||
| Advantages of Video-assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery Lobectomy | 504 | ||
| Video-assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery Lobectomy: Impact on Other Pulmonary Resections | 505 | ||
| Video-assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery Lobectomy: Development of Uniportal Video-assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery | 506 | ||
| Video-assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery Lobectomy: Development of Robotic Assisted Video-assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery | 507 | ||
| Video-assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery Lobectomy: Development of Awake Thoracoscopy | 508 | ||
| THE DUKE APPROACH | 508 | ||
| Right Upper Lobectomy | 509 | ||
| Left Upper Lobectomy | 510 | ||
| Left and Right Lower Lobectomy | 510 | ||
| SUMMARY | 511 | ||
| REFERENCES | 511 | ||
| Robotic Lung Resection for Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer | 515 | ||
| Key points | 515 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 515 | ||
| INDICATIONS | 516 | ||
| EQUIPMENT | 516 | ||
| PREOPERATIVE EVALUATION | 517 | ||
| PORT PLACEMENT | 517 | ||
| TECHNIQUE | 519 | ||
| Right Side | 520 | ||
| Left Side | 520 | ||
| WEDGE RESECTION | 520 | ||
| THE 5 LOBECTOMIES | 521 | ||
| Right Upper Lobectomy | 521 | ||
| Right Middle Lobectomy | 522 | ||
| Right Lower Lobectomy | 523 | ||
| Left Upper Lobectomy | 523 | ||
| Left Lower Lobectomy | 524 | ||
| AVOIDANCE OF INTRAOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS/TROUBLESHOOTING | 526 | ||
| RESULTS | 527 | ||
| Perioperative Morbidity/Mortality | 527 | ||
| Oncologic Efficacy | 527 | ||
| Lymph Node Dissection | 527 | ||
| Cost | 529 | ||
| SUMMARY | 529 | ||
| REFERENCES | 529 | ||
| Pneumonectomy for Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer | 533 | ||
| Key points | 533 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 533 | ||
| PREOPERATIVE WORKUP | 534 | ||
| Staging | 534 | ||
| Surgical Evaluation | 535 | ||
| Cardiopulmonary Evaluation | 535 | ||
| TECHNIQUE | 536 | ||
| Left Pneumonectomy | 536 | ||
| Right Pneumonectomy | 541 | ||
| PERICARDIAL RESECTION AND RECONSTRUCTION | 542 | ||
| PERIOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT | 544 | ||
| POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS | 544 | ||
| Cardiac Complications | 544 | ||
| Atrial fibrillation | 544 | ||
| Tamponade | 545 | ||
| Patch dysfunction | 545 | ||
| Cardiac herniation | 545 | ||
| Pulmonary Complications | 545 | ||
| Acute respiratory distress syndrome | 545 | ||
| Empyema | 546 | ||
| Bronchopleural fistula | 546 | ||
| Postpneumonectomy syndrome | 546 | ||
| QUALITY OF LIFE | 546 | ||
| REFERENCES | 547 | ||
| Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy and Ablative Therapies for Lung Cancer | 553 | ||
| Key points | 553 | ||
| STEREOTACTIC BODY RADIOTHERAPY | 554 | ||
| Clinical Results | 555 | ||
| COMPARING STEREOTACTIC ABLATIVE THERAPY WITH SURGERY | 557 | ||
| STEREOTACTIC RADIOTHERAPY VS SURGERY AND RADIOSURGERY OR SURGERY FOR OPERABLE EARLY STAGE NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER TRIALS | 558 | ||
| A SURGEON’S VIEW | 558 | ||
| Future Trials | 559 | ||
| Toxicity of Treatment | 560 | ||
| MICROWAVE ABLATION | 560 | ||
| RADIOFREQUENCY ABLATION | 561 | ||
| PATIENT SELECTION | 562 | ||
| Combination of Ablative Therapies | 563 | ||
| SUMMARY | 563 | ||
| REFERENCES | 563 | ||
| Neoadjuvant Therapy in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer | 567 | ||
| Key points | 567 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 567 | ||
| DEFINITION OF NEOADJUVANT THERAPY | 568 | ||
| EARLY STUDIES ON NEOADJUVANT THERAPY | 568 | ||
| NEOADJUVANT THERAPY VERSUS ADJUVANT THERAPY | 570 | ||
| PATIENT EVALUATION OVERVIEW | 571 | ||
| Specific Indications for Neoadjuvant Therapy | 572 | ||
| Staging and Evaluation | 574 | ||
| CHEMOTHERAPY | 574 | ||
| RADIOTHERAPY | 575 | ||
| DEVELOPING THERAPIES | 577 | ||
| EVALUATION AFTER NEOADJUVANT THERAPY | 578 | ||
| TREATMENT RESISTANCE/COMPLICATIONS | 578 | ||
| OUTCOMES AND LONG-TERM RECOMMENDATIONS | 579 | ||
| SUMMARY/DISCUSSION | 580 | ||
| REFERENCES | 580 | ||
| Adjuvant Therapy for Stage I and II Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer | 585 | ||
| Key points | 585 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 585 | ||
| PATIENT EVALUATION OVERVIEW | 585 | ||
| Tumor Factors | 586 | ||
| TNM stage | 586 | ||
| Tumor grade and lymphatic/vascular invasion | 586 | ||
| Histology | 586 | ||
| Margin status | 586 | ||
| Single biomarkers | 586 | ||
| Prognostic signatures and cell-cycle progression biomarkers | 587 | ||
| Host Factors | 587 | ||
| Age | 587 | ||
| Comorbidity and performance status | 588 | ||
| Smoking status | 588 | ||
| Time to adjuvant chemotherapy | 589 | ||
| PHARMACOLOGIC TREATMENT OPTIONS | 589 | ||
| Cisplatin-based Adjuvant Chemotherapy | 589 | ||
| Carboplatin-based Adjuvant Chemotherapy | 591 | ||
| Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy | 591 | ||
| COMBINATION AND BIOLOGIC THERAPIES | 591 | ||
| Bevacizumab | 591 | ||
| Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitors and Other Biologic Agents | 591 | ||
| Immunotherapy | 592 | ||
| TREATMENT OPTIONS AND COMPLICATIONS | 592 | ||
| EVALUATION OF OUTCOME AND LONG-TERM RECOMMENDATIONS | 594 | ||
| SUMMARY | 594 | ||
| ACKNOWLEDGMENTS | 594 | ||
| REFERENCES | 594 | ||
| Targeted Therapy and Immunotherapy for Lung Cancer | 601 | ||
| Key points | 601 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 601 | ||
| TARGETED AGENTS | 602 | ||
| Background | 602 | ||
| Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutations | 602 | ||
| EML4-ALK Translocations | 603 | ||
| ROS1 Rearrangements | 604 | ||
| BRAF V600 Mutations | 604 | ||
| MET Amplification or Exon 14 Skipping Mutation | 604 | ||
| RET Rearrangements | 604 | ||
| HER2 Mutations | 605 | ||
| Recommended Testing | 605 | ||
| IMMUNOTHERAPY | 605 | ||
| Background | 605 | ||
| PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors | 605 | ||
| CTLA-4 Inhibitors | 606 | ||
| Future Directions | 606 | ||
| SUMMARY/DISCUSSION | 607 | ||
| REFERENCES | 607 | ||
| Local Therapy Indications in the Management of Patients with Oligometastatic Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer | 611 | ||
| Key points | 611 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 611 | ||
| STEREOTACTIC ABLATIVE RADIOTHERAPY TREATMENT PRINCIPLES | 614 | ||
| STEREOTACTIC ABLATIVE RADIOTHERAPY FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF VISCERAL METASTASES | 614 | ||
| STEREOTACTIC RADIOSURGERY FOR MANAGEMENT OF BRAIN METASTASES | 617 | ||
| SUMMARY | 620 | ||
| ACKNOWLEDGMENTS | 620 | ||
| REFERENCES | 620 |