BOOK
Psoriatic Arthritis, An Issue of Rheumatic Disease Clinics 41-4, E-Book
(2015)
Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
Some people with psoriasis can also develop psoriatic arthritis, when the immune system attacks the joints as well, causing inflammation. Like psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis symptoms flare and subside, vary from person to person, and even change locations in the same person over time. Psoriatic arthritis can affect any joint in the body, and it may affect just one joint, several joints or multiple joints. For example, it may affect one or both knees. This issue will include articles on Genetic and Epigenetic aspects of psoriatic arthritis, Clinical features and diagnostic considerations in psoriatic arthritis, Natural history, prognosis and socioeconomic aspects of psoriatic arthritis, Etiology and pathogenesis of psoriasis and many more!
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | Cover | ||
| Psoriatic Arthritis | i | ||
| Copyright | ii | ||
| Contributors | iii | ||
| CONSULTING EDITOR | iii | ||
| EDITOR | iii | ||
| AUTHORS | iii | ||
| Contents | v | ||
| Foreword: Psoriatic Arthritis\r | v | ||
| Preface: Psoriatic Arthritis\r | v | ||
| The Epidemiology of Psoriatic Arthritis\r | v | ||
| Clinical Features and Diagnostic Considerations in Psoriatic Arthritis\r | v | ||
| Natural History, Prognosis, and Socioeconomic Aspects of Psoriatic Arthritis\r | v | ||
| Imaging in Psoriatic Arthritis\r | vi | ||
| Early Psoriatic Arthritis\r | vi | ||
| Genetic, Epigenetic and Pharmacogenetic Aspects of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis\r | vi | ||
| Etiology and Pathogenesis of Psoriatic Arthritis\r | vi | ||
| Etiology and Pathogenesis of Psoriasis\r | vii | ||
| Comorbidities in Psoriatic Arthritis\r | vii | ||
| Outcome Measures in Psoriatic Arthritis\r | vii | ||
| Management of Psoriatic Arthritis: Traditional Disease-Modifying Rheumatic Agents and Targeted Small Molecules\r | vii | ||
| Biologic Therapy for Psoriatic Arthritis\r | viii | ||
| Novel Treatment Concepts in Psoriatic Arthritis\r | viii | ||
| RHEUMATIC DISEASE CLINICSOF NORTH AMERICA | ix | ||
| FORTHCOMING ISSUES | ix | ||
| February 2016 | ix | ||
| May 2016 | ix | ||
| August 2016 | ix | ||
| RECENT ISSUES | ix | ||
| August 2015 | ix | ||
| May 2015 | ix | ||
| February 2015 | ix | ||
| Foreword | xi | ||
| Preface | xiii | ||
| The Epidemiology of Psoriatic Arthritis | 545 | ||
| Key points | 545 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 545 | ||
| METHODS | 546 | ||
| PREVALENCE AND INCIDENCE OF PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS IN THE POPULATION | 546 | ||
| PREVALENCE AND INCIDENCE OF PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS AMONG PATIENTS WITH PSORIASIS | 546 | ||
| ALTERNATIVE DIAGNOSES, MISSED DIAGNOSES, AND MISCLASSIFICATION IN STUDIES OF PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS | 546 | ||
| DEFINING AND CLASSIFYING PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS | 547 | ||
| PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS IS A HETEROGENEOUS DISEASE | 547 | ||
| Axial Spondyloarthropathy | 549 | ||
| Enthesitis | 549 | ||
| Dactylitis | 550 | ||
| Nail Disease | 550 | ||
| Imaging Features and Distinguishing Characteristics from Rheumatoid Arthritis | 550 | ||
| PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS IN CHILDREN | 551 | ||
| RECOGNITION OF EARLY PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS | 552 | ||
| SUBCLINICAL DISEASE IN PATIENTS WITH PSORIASIS | 552 | ||
| IMPROVING DETECTION OF PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS AMONG PATIENTS WITH PSORIASIS | 552 | ||
| Risk Factors for Psoriatic Arthritis | 553 | ||
| Screening for Psoriatic Arthritis | 553 | ||
| COMORBIDITIES IN PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS | 557 | ||
| SUMMARY | 557 | ||
| REFERENCES | 557 | ||
| Clinical Features and Diagnostic Considerations in Psoriatic Arthritis | 569 | ||
| Key points | 569 | ||
| CLINICAL FEATURES OF PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS | 570 | ||
| Peripheral Arthritis | 570 | ||
| Axial Involvement in Psoriatic Arthritis | 572 | ||
| Dactylitis | 574 | ||
| Enthesitis | 574 | ||
| Skin and Nail Disease | 575 | ||
| Diagnosis of Psoriatic Arthritis | 575 | ||
| Diagnostic Considerations | 576 | ||
| Differentiating psoriatic arthritis from rheumatoid arthritis | 576 | ||
| Differentiating psoriatic arthritis from gout | 576 | ||
| Differentiating psoriatic arthritis from osteoarthritis | 577 | ||
| Differentiating psoriatic arthritis from other forms of spondyloarthritis | 577 | ||
| SUMMARY | 577 | ||
| REFERENCES | 578 | ||
| Natural History, Prognosis, and Socioeconomic Aspects of Psoriatic Arthritis | 581 | ||
| Key points | 581 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 581 | ||
| NATURAL HISTORY | 582 | ||
| Mild, Nonprogressive Disease | 582 | ||
| Progressive Deforming Arthritis | 583 | ||
| PROGNOSIS | 583 | ||
| Cross-Sectional Studies | 583 | ||
| Longitudinal Studies | 583 | ||
| Other Clinical Prognostic Factors | 584 | ||
| HLA Studies and Serum Markers | 584 | ||
| MORBIDITY | 585 | ||
| Disability and Quality of Life | 585 | ||
| Cardiovascular Morbidity | 585 | ||
| Other Comorbidities | 586 | ||
| MORTALITY | 586 | ||
| Socioeconomic Factors and Work Disability | 586 | ||
| Work Disability | 587 | ||
| SUMMARY | 588 | ||
| REFERENCES | 588 | ||
| Imaging in Psoriatic Arthritis | 593 | ||
| Key points | 593 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 593 | ||
| CONVENTIONAL RADIOGRAPHY | 594 | ||
| Peripheral Psoriatic Arthritis | 594 | ||
| Axial Psoriatic Arthritis | 595 | ||
| COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY | 596 | ||
| Peripheral Psoriatic Arthritis | 597 | ||
| Axial Psoriatic Arthritis | 597 | ||
| ULTRASONOGRAPHY | 597 | ||
| Ultrasound Technique and Findings | 597 | ||
| Ultrasonography for Diagnosing Peripheral Involvement | 598 | ||
| Synovitis | 598 | ||
| Enthesitis | 598 | ||
| Tenosynovitis and dactylitis | 598 | ||
| The Value of Ultrasound for Prediction of Development of Psoriatic Arthritis | 598 | ||
| Monitoring Psoriatic Arthritis by Ultrasonography | 599 | ||
| Ultrasound for Diagnosing and Monitoring Axial Involvement | 599 | ||
| New Techniques in Ultrasonography | 600 | ||
| MRI | 601 | ||
| MRI Technique and Findings | 601 | ||
| MRI for Investigating Pathogenesis in Psoriatic Arthritis | 601 | ||
| MRI for Diagnosing Peripheral Psoriatic Arthritis | 602 | ||
| MRI for Prognosticating Peripheral Psoriatic Arthritis | 602 | ||
| MRI for Monitoring Peripheral Psoriatic Arthritis | 602 | ||
| MRI in Axial Psoriatic Arthritis | 604 | ||
| New MRI Methods | 606 | ||
| SUMMARY | 606 | ||
| REFERENCES | 606 | ||
| Early Psoriatic Arthritis | 615 | ||
| Key points | 615 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 615 | ||
| Is Psoriatic Arthritis Underdiagnosed? | 616 | ||
| Observational Studies of Outcome in Psoriatic Arthritis | 616 | ||
| Detection of Early Disease | 617 | ||
| Screening questionnaires | 617 | ||
| Imaging | 617 | ||
| RISK FACTORS FOR PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS IN PSORIASIS | 617 | ||
| Clinical and Lifestyle | 617 | ||
| Genetic Factors | 618 | ||
| Other Biomarkers | 618 | ||
| CLINICAL PRESENTATION OF EARLY DISEASE | 619 | ||
| SUMMARY | 619 | ||
| REFERENCES | 619 | ||
| Genetic, Epigenetic and Pharmacogenetic Aspects of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis | 623 | ||
| Key points | 623 | ||
| GENETICS OF PSORIATIC DISEASE | 623 | ||
| Major Histocompatibility Complex Associations in Psoriatic Disease | 624 | ||
| Non–Major Histocompatibility Complex Candidate Genes Studies in Psoriatic Arthritis | 624 | ||
| Genome-wide Linkage Scans in Psoriasis Vulgaris and Psoriatic Arthritis | 625 | ||
| Skin Barrier Function | 625 | ||
| Innate Immune Response | 626 | ||
| Acquired Immune Response | 628 | ||
| Antigen presentation | 628 | ||
| T helper-1 signaling pathway | 628 | ||
| T helper-17 signaling pathway | 628 | ||
| EPIGENETICS OF PSORIASIS AND PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS SUSCEPTIBILITY | 631 | ||
| PHARMACOGENETICS OF PSORIATIC DISEASE | 632 | ||
| Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Inhibitors | 632 | ||
| Interleukin-12/23 Inhibitors | 633 | ||
| SUMMARY | 634 | ||
| REFERENCES | 634 | ||
| Etiology and Pathogenesis of Psoriatic Arthritis | 643 | ||
| Key points | 643 | ||
| GENETIC FACTORS | 644 | ||
| ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS | 644 | ||
| MICROBIOME | 645 | ||
| ROLE OF OBESITY | 646 | ||
| IMMUNOPATHOLOGY: HISTORICAL CONTEXT | 646 | ||
| ESTABLISHING A ROLE FOR INTERLEUKIN-17 IN PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS | 647 | ||
| SKIN | 647 | ||
| NAILS | 649 | ||
| ENTHESIS | 649 | ||
| DACTYLITIS | 650 | ||
| SYNOVIUM | 651 | ||
| ALTERED BONE REMODELING IN PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS | 652 | ||
| ANIMAL MODELS | 656 | ||
| SUMMARY | 656 | ||
| REFERENCES | 657 | ||
| Etiology and Pathogenesis of Psoriasis | 665 | ||
| Key points | 665 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 665 | ||
| ETIOLOGY | 666 | ||
| PSORIASIS SUSCEPTIBILITY LOCI | 667 | ||
| PATHOGENESIS | 667 | ||
| Cross-Talk Between Innate and Adaptive Immunity | 667 | ||
| The Interleuikn-23/T Helper 17 Axis | 668 | ||
| Impact on Resident Cells of the Skin | 669 | ||
| Clinical Observations | 670 | ||
| TOWARD DEFINING DISTINCT PSORIATIC ENTITIES | 670 | ||
| PSORIASIS AS A CHRONIC SYSTEMIC DISEASE | 671 | ||
| Genetics of Comorbidity | 671 | ||
| Epidemiology of Comorbidity | 671 | ||
| Pathogenesis of Cardiovascular Comorbidity | 671 | ||
| SUMMARY | 672 | ||
| REFERENCES | 672 | ||
| Comorbidities in Psoriatic Arthritis | 677 | ||
| Key points | 677 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 677 | ||
| CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE | 678 | ||
| Inflammation and Atherosclerosis | 678 | ||
| Cardiovascular Risk | 678 | ||
| Cardiovascular Screening and Management | 682 | ||
| OBESITY | 682 | ||
| Effect of Body Weight on Therapy | 683 | ||
| DIABETES | 684 | ||
| OPHTHALMIC DISEASE | 684 | ||
| Ophthalmic Disease Therapeutic Options | 684 | ||
| DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY | 685 | ||
| INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE | 686 | ||
| LIVER DISEASE | 686 | ||
| Effect of Psoriatic Arthritis Medications on Liver Disease | 687 | ||
| Effects of Liver Disease on Psoriatic Arthritis Therapy | 687 | ||
| OSTEOPOROSIS | 687 | ||
| Osteoporosis Studies in Psoriatic Arthritis | 687 | ||
| Osteoporosis Therapies in Psoriatic Arthritis | 688 | ||
| KIDNEY DISEASE | 688 | ||
| MALIGNANCY | 688 | ||
| Effects of Therapy on Risk of Malignancy | 689 | ||
| Malignancy Screening | 689 | ||
| INFECTION | 690 | ||
| SUMMARY | 690 | ||
| REFERENCES | 691 | ||
| Outcome Measures in Psoriatic Arthritis | 699 | ||
| Key points | 699 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 699 | ||
| DOMAINS | 700 | ||
| ARTHRITIS | 700 | ||
| SKIN | 701 | ||
| NAILS | 701 | ||
| ENTHESITIS | 701 | ||
| DACTYLITIS | 703 | ||
| AXIAL DISEASE | 703 | ||
| PATIENT-REPORTED OUTCOMES: QUALITY OF LIFE, FUNCTION, FATIGUE, IMPACT OF DISEASE | 703 | ||
| COMPOSITE MEASURES | 705 | ||
| FUTURE CONSIDERATIONS/SUMMARY | 706 | ||
| REFERENCES | 707 | ||
| Management of Psoriatic Arthritis | 711 | ||
| Key points | 711 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 711 | ||
| TRADITIONAL DISEASE-MODIFYING RHEUMATIC AGENTS | 712 | ||
| Methotrexate | 712 | ||
| Leflunamide | 714 | ||
| Sulfasalazine | 715 | ||
| TRADITIONAL DISEASE-MODIFYING ANTIRHEUMATIC DRUGS IN COMBINATION WITH TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR INHIBITORS | 715 | ||
| TARGETED SYNTHETIC DISEASE-MODIFYING ANTIRHEUMATIC DRUGS (SMALL MOLECULES) | 716 | ||
| Apremilast | 717 | ||
| Janus kinase Inhibitors | 718 | ||
| Tofacitinib | 718 | ||
| SUMMARY | 719 | ||
| REFERENCES | 719 | ||
| Biologic Therapy for Psoriatic Arthritis | 723 | ||
| Key points | 723 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 723 | ||
| TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR INHIBITION | 724 | ||
| Etanercept | 725 | ||
| Infliximab | 725 | ||
| Adalimumab | 725 | ||
| Golimumab | 725 | ||
| Certolizumab | 725 | ||
| COSTIMULATORY BLOCKADE MODULATING T-LYMPHOCYTE FUNCTION | 726 | ||
| Abatacept | 726 | ||
| INTERLEUKIN-6 INHIBITION | 726 | ||
| Clazakizumab | 726 | ||
| B-LYMPHOCYTE INHIBITION | 726 | ||
| TARGETING THE T-HELPER 17 CELL AXIS IN PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS | 727 | ||
| INTERLEUKIN-12 TO INTERLEUKIN-23 INHIBITORS | 728 | ||
| Ustekinumab | 728 | ||
| INTERLEUKIN-17 INHIBITORS | 729 | ||
| Secukinumab | 729 | ||
| Ixekizumab | 731 | ||
| Brodalumab | 731 | ||
| INTERLEUKIN-23 INHIBITORS | 732 | ||
| Guselkumab | 732 | ||
| Tildrakizumab | 732 | ||
| THERAPEUTIC STRATEGIES WITH BIOLOGIC THERAPY | 732 | ||
| Early Treatment | 732 | ||
| Avoidance of Immunogenicity | 732 | ||
| Treating to Target | 733 | ||
| Cost | 733 | ||
| SUMMARY | 733 | ||
| ACKNOWLEDGMENTS | 734 | ||
| REFERENCES | 734 | ||
| Novel Treatment Concepts in Psoriatic Arthritis | 739 | ||
| Key points | 739 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 739 | ||
| EARLY INTERVENTION | 740 | ||
| Early Detection and Diagnosis | 740 | ||
| Early Treatment | 742 | ||
| Highly Effective Therapy | 743 | ||
| DISEASE-SPECIFIC CONSIDERATIONS | 743 | ||
| Validated Outcome Measures | 744 | ||
| Subclinical Disease | 745 | ||
| Prognostic Markers | 746 | ||
| Comorbidities | 746 | ||
| MODIFICATIONS TO THE TREATMENT PARADIGM | 746 | ||
| Targeted Therapy | 747 | ||
| Treatment Options in Refractory Disease | 748 | ||
| Switching to another tumor necrosis factor inhibitor | 748 | ||
| Changing to another class of therapy | 749 | ||
| Evidence for ustekinumab | 749 | ||
| Evidence for apremilast | 749 | ||
| Combination therapy | 749 | ||
| Cotherapy with methotrexate | 749 | ||
| Bispecific biologic therapies | 749 | ||
| Treatment Options in Controlled Disease | 750 | ||
| Tapering therapy | 750 | ||
| Discontinuation | 750 | ||
| SUMMARY | 750 | ||
| REFERENCES | 751 | ||
| Index | 755 |