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Head and Neck Cancer, An Issue of Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America, E-Book

Head and Neck Cancer, An Issue of Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America, E-Book

Alexander Colevas

(2016)

Additional Information

Book Details

Abstract

This issue of Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America is devoted to Head and Neck Cancer.  Guest Editor Alexander Colevas, MD has assembled a group of expert authors to review the following topics: Epidemiology of SCCHN; Genetics of Head and Neck Cancers; Molecular Biology of  Head and Neck  Cancers; Quality of Life  in Head and Neck Cancer Treatment; Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma; Evolving Surgical Techniques in SCCHN; Radiation Oncology New  Approaches in SCCHN; Thyroid Gland Malignancies; Sequential and Concurrent Chemoradiation; Systemic Chemotherapy for SCCHN Focus on New targets and Agents; EGFR Inhibition in SCCHN; Diagnostic and Therapeutic Assessment Imaging in Head and Neck Cancer; Salivary Gland Cancers; Immunotherapy in SCCHN; Human Papillomavirus in SCCHN; and Supportive Care Issues in SCCHN Treatment and Survivorship: Dental, Nutrition, Speech and Swallowing, Depression.

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Front Cover Cover
Head and Neck Cancer\r i
Copyright\r ii
Contributors iii
CONSULTING EDITORS iii
EDITOR iii
AUTHORS iii
Contents vii
Preface: New Diseases and New Treatments—Head and Neck Cancer Updates\r vii
Molecular Aspects of Head and Neck Cancer Therapy\r vii
Novel Targeted Agents in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma\r vii
Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibition in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck\r vii
Immunotherapy for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma\r viii
Anticipation of the Impact of Human Papillomavirus on Clinical Decision Making for the Head and Neck Cancer Patient\r viii
Sequential and Concurrent Chemoradiation: State of the Art\r viii
Transoral Endoscopic Head and Neck Surgery: The Contemporary Treatment of Head and Neck Cancer\r viii
Radiation Oncology—New Approaches in Squamous Cell Cancer of the Head and Neck\r ix
Chemotherapy for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma – Current Recommendation and Controversies\r ix
Thyroid Gland Malignancies\r ix
Salivary Gland Malignancies\r x
Supportive Care and Survivorship Strategies in Management of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck\r x
HEMATOLOGY/ONCOLOGY\rCLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA\r xi
FORTHCOMING ISSUES xi
February 2016 xi
April 2016 xi
June 2016 xi
RECENT ISSUES xi
October 2015 xi
August 2015 xi
June 2015 xi
Preface: New Diseases and New Treatments—Head and Neck Cancer Updates \r xiii
Molecular Aspects of Head and Neck Cancer Therapy 971
Key points 971
INTRODUCTION 971
TUMOR SUPPRESSORS FREQUENTLY DRIVE HEAD AND NECK SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA BUT ARE DIFFICULT TO TARGET 973
ONCOGENE MUTATIONS ARE UNCOMMON IN HEAD AND NECK SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA WITH LIMITED POTENTIAL FOR TARGETED THERAPY IN SPE ... 978
HUMAN PAPILLOMA VIRUS INFECTION AND INTEGRATION ALTERS TUMOR BIOLOGY AND TRIGGERS CARCINOGENESIS BY DIVERGENT BIOLOGIC MECH ... 979
INTRATUMOR HETEROGENEITY POSES UNIQUE THERAPEUTIC CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES IN HEAD AND NECK SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA 980
ADDITIONAL FRONTIERS IN HEAD AND NECK SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA DIAGNOSTICS AND THERAPEUTICS 982
Biomarkers Remain Elusive but Are Worthy of Pursuit 982
MicroRNAs in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Offer an Additional, Poorly Understood Layer of Regulation in Tumor Biology 983
Networking Analyses Can Identify Transcriptional and Regulatory Cassettes 984
Epigenetic Changes and Histone Modification May Enable Tumor Resistance 985
Tumor-Immune Interactions and Immunotherapy Offer Novel Methods for Cancer Surveillance 985
A Darwinian View of Head and Neck Oncology Offers Creative Perspectives into Cancer Biology and Treatment 986
SUMMARY 986
REFERENCES 987
Novel Targeted Agents in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma 993
Key points 993
INTRODUCTION 993
DNA DAMAGE RESPONSE AND CELL CYCLE REGULATION TARGETED AGENTS 994
Targeting Dysfunctional p53 994
Targeting Cyclin-Dependent Kinases 995
Targeting Poly-ADP Ribose Polymerase 996
PI3K-MTOR TARGETED AGENTS 996
NOTCH PATHWAY TARGETED AGENTS 997
TRANSMEMBRANE GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR TARGETED AGENTS 999
c-MET Receptor 999
Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptors 999
Axl 1000
ANGIOGENESIS TARGETED AGENTS 1000
SUMMARY 1004
REFERENCES 1004
Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibition in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck 1011
Key points 1011
THE EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR 1011
INHIBITION OF EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR 1013
Anti-Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Monoclonal Antibodies 1013
The role of anti-epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibodies in the multimodal curative treatment 1013
Radiotherapy plus anti-epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibodies versus radiotherapy 1013
Radiotherapy plus anti-epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibodies versus chemoradiation 1014
Anti-epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibodies and concurrent radiotherapy after induction chemotherapy 1018
Chemoradiation versus chemoradiation plus anti-epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibodies 1018
Anti-epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibodies as adjuvant therapy 1019
The role of anti-epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibodies in recurrent and/or metastatic disease 1019
First-line treatment in combination with platinum-based chemotherapy 1019
Second-line treatment after platinum-based chemotherapy 1020
Other anti-epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibodies with preliminary results 1021
Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors 1021
The role of anti-epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors in multimodal curative treatment 1021
The role of anti-epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors in recurrent and/or metastatic disease 1021
STRATEGIES TO OVERCOME RESISTANCE TO ANTI-EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR THERAPY 1023
Blockage of Multiple Human Epidermal Receptors 1023
Background 1023
The role of human epidermal receptor inhibitors in the multimodal curative treatment 1023
The role of human epidermal receptor inhibitors in recurrent and/or metastatic disease 1024
Dual Targeting Monoclonal Antibodies or Mixture of Monoclonal Antibodies 1024
SUMMARY 1028
REFERENCES 1028
Immunotherapy for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma 1033
Key points 1033
INTRODUCTION 1033
IMMUNE CHECKPOINT BLOCKADE 1034
AUGMENTING CETUXIMAB-BASED IMMUNOTHERAPY 1036
VACCINES 1037
ENGINEERED T CELLS 1039
SUMMARY 1040
REFERENCES 1040
Anticipation of the Impact of Human Papillomavirus on Clinical Decision Making for the Head and Neck Cancer Patient 1045
Key points 1045
INTRODUCTION 1045
HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS BIOLOGY 1046
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS–POSITIVE OROPHARYNGEAL CANCER 1047
Tumor Human Papillomavirus Status and Disease: Survival and Overall Survival 1048
Molecular Mechanisms, Human Papillomavirus Status, and Prognosis 1048
HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS TUMOR STATUS, RACE, AND SURVIVAL 1049
HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS STATUS, TUMOR STAGING, AND PROGNOSIS 1051
HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS STATUS, SURGICAL RESECTION, EXTRACAPSULAR EXTENSION, AND RISK OF CANCER PROGRESSION 1051
TUMOR HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS STATUS AND OVERALL SURVIVAL POSTPROGRESSION 1052
HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS STATUS AND CLINICAL TRIAL DESIGN 1053
REFERENCES 1054
Sequential and Concurrent Chemoradiation 1061
Key points 1061
INTRODUCTION 1061
SUMMARY OF RECENT RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIALS COMPARING SEQUENTIAL CHEMORADIOTHERAPY VERSUS CONCURRENT CHEMORADIOTHERAPY 1062
LARYNX PRESERVATION RANDOMIZED TRIALS: SEQUENTIAL CHEMORADIOTHERAPY VERSUS CONCURRENT CHEMORADIOTHERAPY 1066
CLOSING THE CONTROVERSY: ONGOING RANDOMIZED PHASE III TRIALS OF SEQUENTIAL CHEMORADIOTHERAPY VERSUS CONCURRENT CHEMORADIOTH ... 1067
PATIENT SELECTION AND RISK STRATIFICATION IN LOCALLY ADVANCED HEAD AND NECK CANCER: ONE SIZE DOES NOT FIT ALL 1068
STATE OF THE ART: FUTURE DIRECTIONS 1068
Deintensification Strategies for Low-risk Locally Advanced Head and Neck Cancer 1068
Intensification Strategies for High-risk Locally Advanced Head and Neck Cancer 1069
SUMMARY 1072
REFERENCES 1072
Transoral Endoscopic Head and Neck Surgery 1075
Key points 1075
BACKGROUND AND INTRODUCTION 1075
The Multidisciplinary Care of Head and Neck Cancer 1075
TRANSORAL ENDOSCOPIC HEAD AND NECK SURGERY 1077
Role of Endoscopic Head and Neck Surgery in Oropharyngeal Cancer 1079
Role of Endoscopic Head and Neck Surgery in Laryngeal Cancer 1080
Role of Endoscopic Head and Neck Surgery in Hypopharyngeal Cancer 1080
ONCOLOGIC OUTCOMES OF ENDOSCOPIC HEAD AND NECK SURGERY 1080
Endoscopic Head and Neck Surgery Outcomes for Oropharyngeal Cancer 1081
Endoscopic Head and Neck Surgery Outcomes for Laryngeal Cancer 1081
Endoscopic Head and Neck Surgery Outcomes for Hypopharyngeal Cancer 1084
FUNCTIONAL OUTCOMES OF ENDOSCOPIC HEAD AND NECK SURGERY 1084
ROLE OF ENDOSCOPIC HEAD AND NECK SURGERY IN RECURRENT OROPHARYNGEAL CANCER 1085
FUTURE PERSPECTIVE AND SUMMARY 1085
REFERENCES 1087
Radiation Oncology—New Approaches in Squamous Cell Cancer of the Head and Neck 1093
Key points 1093
INTRODUCTION 1093
Overview 1094
IMAGING ADVANCES 1094
Computed Tomography Scans 1095
PET, PET–Computed Tomography Imaging 1095
MRI Imaging 1095
ADVANCES IN RADIATION DELIVERY 1097
Image Guidance 1097
Adaptive Replanning 1097
Alternative Photon Delivery 1098
Helical Tomotherapy 1098
Proton Therapy 1099
Clinical Experience 1099
Sinonasal malignancies 1099
Nasopharyngeal cancer 1099
Oropharyngeal cancer 1099
Intensity Modulated Proton Therapy 1099
CLINICALLY BASED ADVANCES 1100
SUMMARY 1101
REFERENCES 1101
Chemotherapy for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma – Current Recommendation and Controversies 1107
Key points 1107
INTRODUCTION 1108
BACKGROUND FOR THE CURRENT GUIDELINES 1108
CURRENT INTERNATIONAL GUIDELINES 1109
UNANSWERED QUESTIONS AND RECENT STUDIES 1109
Is Chemotherapy Necessary for All Stage II? 1109
Which Is the Best Treatment of Stage III–IVB? 1110
Concurrent versus concurrent-adjuvant chemoradiotherapy 1110
Concurrent versus induction-concurrent chemoradiotherapy 1113
Concurrent-adjuvant versus induction-concurrent chemoradiotherapy 1114
Can the Current Regimen Be Replaced by More Potent and/or Less Toxic Drugs? 1115
Replacing cisplatin with other platinum 1115
Replacing fluorouracil with other drugs 1115
The value of taxanes and gemcitabine combination 1116
What Is the Implication on the Use of Chemotherapy by Modern Radiotherapy Technique? 1116
SUMMARY 1117
REFERENCES 1117
Thyroid Gland Malignancies 1123
Key points 1123
INTRODUCTION 1124
GENETICS OF THYROID CANCER 1125
Baseline Evaluation 1127
Primary Treatment 1127
Long-term Surveillance 1132
NONPHARMACOLOGIC THERAPY 1135
External Beam Radiation 1135
Localized Therapies 1135
PHARMACOLOGIC THERAPIES 1137
Bone-modulating Drugs 1137
Kinase Inhibitors 1137
SUMMARY 1140
REFERENCES 1140
Salivary Gland Malignancies 1145
Key points 1145
INTRODUCTION 1145
INITIAL EVALUATION 1146
SURGICAL MANAGEMENT 1146
Surgery of the Parotid Gland and Management of the Facial Nerve 1146
Surgery of the Submandibular and Sublingual Glands 1147
Management of the Neck 1148
RADIATION THERAPY 1148
Neutron Radiotherapy 1148
SYSTEMIC THERAPY 1149
The Role of Conventional Chemotherapy 1150
Studies of Target Agents 1151
ONGOING RESEARCH AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS 1152
Locally Advanced Disease 1152
Recurrent/Metastatic Disease 1152
REFERENCES 1153
Supportive Care and Survivorship Strategies in Management of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck 1159
Key points 1159
INTRODUCTION 1159
SURVIVORSHIP CARE PLANS 1160
CANCER TREATMENT–RELATED PHYSICAL EFFECTS 1161
CANCER-RELATED PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS 1162
SUBSTANCE ABUSE AND SURVIVORSHIP 1163
ONCOLOGIC SURVEILLANCE AND DETECTION OF SECOND PRIMARY MALIGNANCIES 1163
SUMMARY 1164
REFERENCES 1164
Index 1169