BOOK
Health Care-Associated Transmission of Hepatitis B and C Viruses, An Issue of Clinics in Liver Disease - E-Book
(2010)
Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
This issue offers the latest information regarding the transmission of hepatitis viruses in various healthcare settings. It delves with a very timely and interesting patient safety subject that specifically targets healthcare professionals, gastroenterologists, hepatologists, oncologists, dentists and all healthcare workers to adopt and share a variety of best practices to prevent this adverse event. Well known faculty in liver disease, infection control as well as a medical practice in a legal setting have been assembled to produce a comprehensive and concise edition that highlights the latest information regarding hepatitis B and C transmission in healthcare. It aims to provide an overview on the molecular epidemiology, the outbreak reports, the transmission in hemodialysis, endoscopy, dental, oncology, management, legal aspects and the infection prevention measures to reduce the risk of needless exposure of patients to these blood borne pathogens.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | Cover | ||
| Contents | vii | ||
| Preface | xiii | ||
| Chapter 1. Epidemiology of Hepatitis B and C Viruses: A Global Overview | 1 | ||
| HEPATITIS B | 1 | ||
| HEPATITIS C | 9 | ||
| SUMMARY | 15 | ||
| REFERENCES | 15 | ||
| Chapter 2. Occupational Exposure of Health Care Personnel to Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C: Prevention and Surveillance Strategies | 23 | ||
| RISK OF HEPATITIS B AND HEPATITIS C VIRUS EXPOSURES IN HEALTH CARE PERSONNEL | 24 | ||
| PROTECTING HEALTH CARE PERSONNEL FROM EXPOSURE TO BLOOD AND BODY FLUIDS | 26 | ||
| MEASURES TO PREVENT HEPATITIS B OR HEPATITIS C INFECTION AFTER AN EXPOSURE | 29 | ||
| SURVEILLANCE | 30 | ||
| SUMMARY | 31 | ||
| REFERENCES | 31 | ||
| Chapter 3. Molecular Epidemiology of Health Care– Associated Transmission of Hepatitis B and C Viruses | 37 | ||
| PROBLEMS AND OBSTACLES IN INVESTIGATING HEPATITIS B VIRUS OR HEPATITIS C VIRUS IN THE HEALTH CARE SETTING | 38 | ||
| TECHNIQUES OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY OF HEPATITIS C AND B | 40 | ||
| HEPATITIS C IN HEALTH CARE SETTINGS | 42 | ||
| HEPATITIS B IN HEALTH CARE SETTINGS | 45 | ||
| THE FUTURE OF HEPATITIS MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY | 45 | ||
| REFERENCES | 46 | ||
| Chapter 4. Health Care– Associated Transmission of Hepatitis B and C Viruses in Hemodialysis Units | 49 | ||
| HBV | 49 | ||
| INFECTION CONTROL PROCEDURES AGAINST HBV IN DIALYSIS UNITS | 50 | ||
| NATURAL HISTORY OF HBV INFECTION IN DIALYSIS PATIENTS | 50 | ||
| HBV-RELATED LIVER DISEASE IN DIALYSIS: BIOCHEMICAL EVIDENCE | 51 | ||
| THERAPY OF HEPATITIS B IN DIALYSIS PATIENTS | 52 | ||
| HCV: EPIDEMIOLOGY | 52 | ||
| NOSOCOMIAL TRANSMISSION OF HCV IN DIALYSIS | 53 | ||
| MODES OF NOSOCOMIAL TRANSMISSION OF HCV IN DIALYSIS UNITS | 53 | ||
| NATURAL HISTORY OF HCV INFECTION IN DIALYSIS UNITS | 54 | ||
| THERAPY OF HEPATITIS C IN DIALYSIS POPULATION | 54 | ||
| COMBINATION THERAPY FOR HEPATITIS C IN DIALYSIS | 55 | ||
| SUMMARY | 56 | ||
| REFERENCES | 56 | ||
| Chapter 5. Health Care–Associated Transmission of Hepatitis B and C Viruses in Endoscopy Units | 61 | ||
| TRANSMISSION OF HEPATITIS C DURING GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY | 62 | ||
| TRANSMISSION OF HEPATITIS B DURING GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY | 64 | ||
| TRANSMISSION OF HEPATITIS C AND HEPATITIS B BETWEEN ENDOSCOPY PERSONNEL AND PATIENTS | 65 | ||
| PREVENTION OF THE TRANSMISSION OF HEPATITIS C AND HEPATITIS B DURING GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY | 65 | ||
| REFERENCES | 66 | ||
| Chatper 6. Health Care–Associated Transmission of Hepatitis B and C in Oncology Care | 69 | ||
| HEPATITIS B TRANSMISSION RELATED TO BLOOD PRODUCT ADMINISTRATION | 69 | ||
| HEPATITIS C TRANSMISSION RELATED TO BLOOD PRODUCT ADMINISTRATION | 70 | ||
| TRANSMISSION OF HEPATITIS B AND C RELATED TO BREACHES IN INFECTION CONTROL | 71 | ||
| SUMMARY | 72 | ||
| REFERENCES | 72 | ||
| Chapter 7. Management of Acute Hepatitis B | 75 | ||
| INCIDENCE AND RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH ACUTE HBV | 76 | ||
| THE CLINICAL SEQUENCE OF ACUTE HBV INFECTION | 77 | ||
| SEROLOGIC MARKERS OF HBV INFECTION | 79 | ||
| IMMUNE MECHANISMS INVOLVED IN RESOLUTION OF ACUTE HBV | 80 | ||
| VARIANTS OF ACUTE HBV INFECTION | 81 | ||
| EXACERBATIONS IN CHRONIC HBV MIMICKING ACUTE INFECTION | 82 | ||
| TREATMENT OF ACUTE HBV | 84 | ||
| REFERENCES | 86 | ||
| Chapter 8. Health Care–Associated Transmission of Hepatitis B & C Viruses in Dental Care (Dentistry) | 93 | ||
| HEPATITIS B EPIDEMIOLOGY | 93 | ||
| CLINICAL FEATURES AND NATURAL HISTORY OF HBV INFECTION | 94 | ||
| HEPATITIS B AND THE DENTAL CARE SETTING | 95 | ||
| HEPATITIS C EPIDEMIOLOGY | 96 | ||
| CLINICAL FEATURES AND NATURAL HISTORY OF HCV INFECTION | 97 | ||
| HEPATITIS C AND DENTAL CARE SETTING | 97 | ||
| OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURES TO HBV AND HCV IN DENTISTRY | 98 | ||
| POSTEXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS | 98 | ||
| SUMMARY | 99 | ||
| REFERENCES | 100 | ||
| Chapter 9. Health Care–Associated Hepatitis B and C Viruses: Legal Aspects | 105 | ||
| OVERVIEW OF SOURCES OF LAW | 106 | ||
| LEGAL STANDARDS RELATING TO THE PREVENTION OF TRANSMISSION | 106 | ||
| LIABILITY ASSOCIATED WITH EXPOSURE AND TRANSMISSION | 111 | ||
| FUTURE LEGAL CONSIDERATIONS | 114 | ||
| REFERENCES | 114 | ||
| Chapter 10. Infection Control Guidelines for Prevention of Health Care–Associated Transmission of Hepatitis B and C Viruses | 119 | ||
| OVERVIEW OF HEALTH CARE–ASSOCIATED TRANSMISSION OF HEPATITIS B AND HEPATITIS C | 119 | ||
| ADDITIONAL CHALLENGES | 127 | ||
| REFERENCES | 128 | ||
| Chapter 11. US Outbreak Investigations Highlight the Need for Safe Injection Practices and Basic Infection Control | 137 | ||
| OUTBREAKS: RECENT UNITED STATES EXPERIENCE | 138 | ||
| SYRINGE REUSE | 138 | ||
| CONTAMINATION OF EQUIPMENT, SUPPLIES, AND THE ENVIRONMENT | 143 | ||
| THE CLINICIAN’S ROLE IN IDENTIFYING HEALTH CARE–ASSOCIATED INFECTIONS | 145 | ||
| PREVENTING HEALTH CARE–ASSOCIATED BLOODBORNE VIRUS INFECTIONS | 145 | ||
| SUMMARY | 147 | ||
| REFERENCES | 147 | ||
| Chapter 12. Health Care Workers as Source of Hepatitis B and C Virus Transmission | 153 | ||
| HEALTH CARE WORKER–TO–PATIENT TRANSMISSION OF HEPATITIS B | 154 | ||
| HEALTH CARE WORKER–TO–PATIENT TRANSMISSION OF HEPATITIS C | 156 | ||
| PRACTICES TO PREVENT TRANSMISSION OF BLOOD-BORNE PATHOGENS FROM INFECTED HEALTH CARE WORKERS | 158 | ||
| MANAGEMENT OF INFECTED HEALTH CARE WORKERS | 158 | ||
| SUMMARY | 164 | ||
| REFERENCES | 164 | ||
| Chapter 13. Management of Acute Hepatitis C | 169 | ||
| DIAGNOSIS OF ACUTE HCV INFECTION | 169 | ||
| TREATMENT OF ACUTE HCV INFECTION | 170 | ||
| OPTIMAL TIMING OF TREATMENT | 171 | ||
| DURATION OF TREATMENT | 172 | ||
| OPTIMAL TREATMENT REGIMEN | 173 | ||
| TREATMENT OF HIV–CO-INFECTED OR HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS | 173 | ||
| SUMMARY | 175 | ||
| REFERENCES | 175 | ||
| Index | 177 |