Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
Even though we have many advances in the development of oral hypoglycemic agents, an ideal drug for treating type 2 diabetes is still a distant reality. Today, physicians can choose from a variety of medications targeting numerous facets of disease, but each drug class poses some limitations. The age-old molecules, such as sulfonylureas and biguanides, are still valued because of their well-studied mode of action, safety, tolerability, and predictable pharmacodynamic effects. This book attempts to describe the historical aspects and advances in the arena of oral hypoglycemic agents, extended- and sustained-release formulations of glipizide and metformin (both of which have great promise in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus) as well as evaluates the role of the group in diabetic foot infections.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover \r | Front Cover | ||
| Font Matter \r | ia | ||
| Copyright | id | ||
| ECAB Clinical Update:Diabetology | ie | ||
| Oral Hypoglycemic Agents | if | ||
| About the Authors | ig | ||
| Contents | ii | ||
| ECAB Clinical Update InformationORAL HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS | i | ||
| Introduction | 1 | ||
| Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Historical Perspectives and Current Trends | 3a | ||
| ABSTRACT | 3a | ||
| KEYWORDS | 3b | ||
| Natural History Of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus | 4 | ||
| Fasting Glucose Regulation | 5 | ||
| Oral Hypoglycemic Drugs | 8 | ||
| Insulin Secretagogues | 8 | ||
| Sulfonylureas | 8 | ||
| Mechanism of Action | 10 | ||
| Sulfonylurea Receptor and Ionic Influxes | 11 | ||
| Therapeutic Applications | 12 | ||
| Choice of Sulfonylurea Drug | 14 | ||
| Drug Failure | 15 | ||
| Adverse Effects and Contraindications for Sulfonylurea Therapy | 17 | ||
| Sulfonylureas and their Effect on Cardiovascular Response to Hypoxemia and Ischemia (Ischemic Preconditioning)8 | 17 | ||
| Glimepiride | 19 | ||
| Dose | 20 | ||
| Advantages | 20 | ||
| Non-Sulfonylurea Secretagogues-Meglitinides (Glinides) | 20 | ||
| Repaglinide | 20 | ||
| Nateglinide | 22 | ||
| Indications for Usage | 22 | ||
| Insulin Sensitizers | 22 | ||
| Thiazolidinediones | 23 | ||
| Inhibitors Of Gastrointestinal Tract Glucose Absorption | 26 | ||
| Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors | 26 | ||
| Acarbose | 26 | ||
| Miglitol | 28 | ||
| Voglibose | 28 | ||
| Antidiabetic Drugs That Lower The Postprandial Glucose Peak | 29 | ||
| Recent Antihyperglycemic Agent (Parenteral) | 31 | ||
| Glucagon Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) | 31 | ||
| Enzyme-Resistant GLP-1 Analogue | 31 | ||
| Enzyme Inhibitors | 32 | ||
| Combination Therapy In Treatment Of Diabetes Mellitus | 32 | ||
| Sulfonylurea with Metformin | 32 | ||
| Combination of Sulfonylurea + Metformin + Insulin | 33 | ||
| Rationale for Bedtime Insulin and Daytime Sulfonylurea (BIDS Therapy) | 34 | ||
| Approach To The Management Of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus | 36 | ||
| Early Insulin Therapy | 38 | ||
| Emerging and Future Concepts of Oral Hypoglycemic Agents | 43 | ||
| ABSTRACT | 43a | ||
| KEYWORDS | 43a | ||
| Introduction | 43 | ||
| Newer Concepts In Type 2 Diabetes | 44 | ||
| The Incretin Effect | 45 | ||
| Incretin-Based Pharmacological Agents | 45 | ||
| Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors | 46 | ||
| Mechanism of Action | 46 | ||
| Pharmacokinetics of DPP-4 Inhibitors | 47 | ||
| Therapeutic Considerations3 | 47 | ||
| Advantages of These Drugs | 48 | ||
| Disadvantages | 48 | ||
| Precautions Needed before Initiation of DPP-4 Inhibitors | 48 | ||
| Voglibose in Primary Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus | 48 | ||
| Rosiglitazone-Cardiac Safety | 49 | ||
| Experimental Agents | 49 | ||
| Summary | 50 | ||
| Case Studies Emerging and Future Concepts of Oral Hypoglycemic Agents | 54 | ||
| Case 1 | 54 | ||
| Lessons from Case 1 | 54 | ||
| Case 2 | 54 | ||
| Lessons from Case 2 | 55 | ||
| Metformin: An Old Drug Rediscovered | 56 | ||
| Oral Hypoglycemic Agents and Diabetic Foot | 75 | ||
| ABSTRACT | 75a | ||
| KEYWORDS | 75a | ||
| Glycemic Control And Diabetic Foot | 75 | ||
| Oral Hypoglycemic Agents | 76 | ||
| Advantages | 76 | ||
| Disadvantages | 77 | ||
| Insulin | 77 | ||
| Thiazolidinediones | 77 | ||
| Sulfonylureas | 78 | ||
| Metformin | 79 | ||
| Summary | 79 | ||
| Case Studies Oral Hypoglycemic Agents and Diabetic Foot | 83 | ||
| Case Study 1 | 83 | ||
| Case Study 2 | 83 | ||
| ECAB Clinical Update: Diabetology-Other Books in This Series | 85 | ||
| Diabetes In Pregnancy | 85 | ||
| Prediabetes | 85 | ||
| Infections In Diabetes | 86 | ||
| Insulins In Diabetes | 86 | ||
| Diabetic Foot | 87 | ||
| Dietary Considerations In Diabetes | 87 | ||
| Cardiometabolic Risk In India | 88 | ||
| Glycemic Monitoring | 89 | ||
| Microvascular Complications In Diabetes | 90 | ||
| Lipids In Diabetes | 91 |