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Mastitis in Dairy Cows, An Issue of Veterinary Clinics: Food Animal Practice - E-Book

Mastitis in Dairy Cows, An Issue of Veterinary Clinics: Food Animal Practice - E-Book

Pamela L. Ruegg

(2012)

Abstract

Current, important information on mastitis for all food animal practitioners! Topics will include new perspectives in mastitis control, treatment of clinical mastitis, antimicrobial resistance in mastitis pathogens, the role of diagnostic microbiology in mastitis control programs, update on control of Staph aureus and Strep ag, epidemiology and control of mycoplasma mastitis, managing environmental mastitis, mastitis vaccine strategies, using mastitis records and somatic cell count data, the role of the milking machine in mastitis control, stray voltage and milk quality, communicating and implementing udder health programs, and more!

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Front Cover Cover
Mastitis in Dairy Cows i
Copyright Page ii
Contributors iii
Table of Contents v
VETERINARY CLINICS: FOOD ANIMAL PRACTICE x
Preface xi
Chapter 1. New Perspectives in Udder Health Management 149
UDDER HEALTH AND MOLECULAR METHODOLOGIES IN THE ERA OF ENVIRONMENTAL PATHOGENS 150
DIAGNOSTIC AND TREATMENT ISSUES IN THE ERA OF ENVIRONMENTAL PATHOGENS 154
IMPLEMENTING UDDER HEALTH PROGRAMS 159
REFERENCES 160
Chapter 2. Antimicrobial Resistance of Mastitis Pathogens 165
CONTROL OF MASTITIS 166
MASTITIS AND ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY 166
RESISTANCE PATTERNS OF MASTITIS PATHOGENS ISOLATED FROM DAIRY COWS 167
TREND STUDIES ON RESISTANCE PATTERNS OVER TIME IN RESPONSE TOANTIBIOTIC USE 168
RESISTANCE OF MASTITIS PATHOGENS FROM CONVENTIONAL AND ORGANIC DAIRY FARMS 170
IMPACT OF CESSATION OF ANTIBIOTIC USE IN DAIRY COWS ON ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE 173
WHAT ARE THE CONSEQUENCES OF NOT USING ANTIBIOTICS? 175
ARE THERE VIABLE ALTERNATIVES TO THE USE OF ANTIBIOTICS? 176
PRUDENT USE OF ANTIBIOTICS FOR THE TREATMENT OF MASTITIS 177
SUMMARY 181
REFERENCES 182
Chapter 3. The Role of Diagnostic Microbiology in Mastitis Control Programs 187
MASTITIS DIAGNOSTIC SERVICE CONSIDERATIONS 188
WILL THE SHEDDING PATTERN ALLOW DETECTION? 189
BULK TANK CULTURE 192
SCOPE OF SERVICE 194
THE TREATMENT DECISION 196
ON-FARM TESTING 196
ZERO TOLERANCE 197
ENVIRONMENTAL MASTITIS 198
OPPORTUNITIES WITH MILK ELISA AND PCR 198
SUMMARY 200
REFERENCES 201
Chapter 4. Update on Control of Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae for Management of Mastitis 203
EPIDEMIOLOGY 204
PREVALENCE OF INFECTION 205
PUBLIC HEALTH 206
REDUCING INCIDENCE THROUGH MILKING PRACTICES 207
SEGREGATION 209
REDUCING PREVALENCE 209
DRY COW THERAPY FOR S AGALACTIAE AND S AUREUS 211
CULLING 211
BETWEEN-HERD BIOSECURITY 211
ADDITIONAL BIOSECURITY 212
SUMMARY 212
REFERENCES 212
Chapter 5. Managing Environmental Mastitis 217
STALL BEDDING IS A KEY ENVIRONMENTAL SOURCE 218
MONITORING CLINICAL MASTITIS 221
SUMMARY 222
REFERENCES 223
Chapter 6. Mycoplasma Mastitis Causes, Transmission, and Control 225
INTRODUCTION 225
EPIDEMIOLOGY 226
CHARACTERISTICS OF PATHOGENIC MYCOPLASMA SP 230
CONTROL 232
SUMMARY 233
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 233
REFERENCES 233
Chapter 7. The “Other” Gram-Negative Bacteria in Mastitis Klebsiella, Serratia, and More 239
GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA 240
KLEBSIELLA MASTITIS 242
SERRATIA MASTITIS 248
OTHER GRAM-NEGATIVE INFECTIONS 251
SUMMARY 252
REFERENCES 253
Chapter 8. Vaccination Strategies for Mastitis 257
VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY AND EFFICACY 258
CORE-ANTIGEN GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERINS 260
STRATEGIES FOR IMMUNIZATION PROTOCOLS: GRAM-NEGATIVE CORE ANTIGEN BACTERINS 262
SUMMARY 266
REFERENCES 267
Chapter 9. Treatment of Clinical Mastitis 271
SEVERITY CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM 271
CULTURE-BASED THERAPY (PATHOGEN-DIRECTED THERAPY) 273
TREATMENT OF MILD, MODERATE, AND SEVERE CLINICAL MASTITIS 274
CLINICAL MASTITIS TREATMENT: SPECIFIC MASTITIS PATHOGENS 277
MISCELLANEOUS MASTITIS TREATMENTS 283
SUMMARY 284
REFERENCES 284
Chapter 10. Assessment and Management of Pain in Dairy Cows with Clinical Mastitis 289
INTRODUCTION 289
WHAT IS PAIN? 290
PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BEHAVIORAL CHARACTERISTICS ASSOCIATED WITH ILLNESSIN DAIRY CATTLE 293
OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT OF DISTRESS AND PAIN IN DAIRY CATTLE 294
THE USE OF NSAIDS IN CATTLE 296
USE OF NSAIDS WITH CASES OF MASTITIS 298
SUMMARY 301
REFERENCES 301
Chapter 11. The Role of the Milking Machine in Mastitis Control 307
MAIN MILKING-RELATED MECHANISMS OF MASTITIS INFECTION (FROM REF 2) 308
DISCUSSION 313
SUMMARY 315
REFERENCES 318
Chapter 12. Stray Voltage and Milk Quality A Review 321
BASIC CONCEPTS OF VOLTAGE, CURRENT, AND RESISTANCE 322
THE BIOMECHANICS OF NERVE STIMULATION 323
REVIEW OF RESEARCH ON BEHAVIORAL RESPONSES TO VOLTAGE EXPOSURE 324
TRANSIENT AND HIGH FREQUENCY AND EXPOSURE 325
REVIEW OF RESEARCH ON STRAY VOLTAGE, MASTITIS, AND STRESS 325
SUMMARY 341
REFERENCES 343
Chapter 13. Using Mastitis Records and Somatic Cell Count Data 347
IMPORTANCE OF MASTITIS RECORDS FOR MONITORING DRUG USE 348
UDDER HEALTH DATA ENTRY 349
CLINICAL MASTITIS 352
SUBCLINICAL MASTITIS 358
SUMMARY 360
REFERENCES 360
Chapter 14. The Role of Communication in Improving Udder Health 363
FARMERS’ MINDSET TOWARD MASTITIS 364
COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES AS INTERVENTION INSTRUMENT 366
CREATING DEMAND AND SUPPLY FOR ADVICE 369
IMPLICATIONS FOR MASTITIS CONTROL PROGRAMS 372
SUMMARY 374
REFERENCES 375
Index 381