BOOK
Approach to Consultations for Patients with Liver Disease, An Issue of Clinics in Liver Disease - E-Book
(2012)
Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
With very much success in 2009, this topic is being updated again in 2012. Dr. Flamm has invited a group of distinguished hepatologists to provide insight into the assessment of a variety of scenarios where clinical judgment based on experience and published literature is an invaluable addition to the care of individual patients. Articles included in the issue address the following topics: Evaluatio of Elevated Liver Enzymes and Abnormal Liver Panel; Evaluation of Liver Lesions; Chronic HCV; Evaluation of Hepatic Cholestasis; Chronic HBV; Ascites; Fatty Liver; Pruritus in the patient with chronic cholestatic liver disease; Is the patient a candidate for liver transplantation; Care of the cirrhotic patient; Abnormal liver panel in pregnancy; Surgical clearance for the patient with chronic liver disease; Granulomatous Liver Disease; Drug Induced Liver Disease; and Hepatic Encephalopathy.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | Cover | ||
| Clinics in Liver Disease | i | ||
| Copyright Page | ii | ||
| Table of Contents | vii | ||
| Contributors | iii | ||
| Preface: Consultations for Liver Disease Patients | xiii | ||
| Chapter 1. Evaluation of Elevated Liver Enzymes | 183 | ||
| AMINOTRANSFERASES | 184 | ||
| CAUSES OF ELEVATED AMINOTRANSFERASES | 185 | ||
| ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE AND γ-GLUTAMYLTRANSFERASE | 190 | ||
| EVALUATION OF ABNORMAL LIVER ENZYMES | 191 | ||
| ABNORMAL LIVER ENZYMES IN POSTOPERATIVE SETTING | 193 | ||
| SUMMARY | 194 | ||
| REFERENCES | 195 | ||
| Chapter 2. Approach to a Patient with Elevated Serum Alkaline Phosphatase | 199 | ||
| REPRESENTATIVE CASE | 199 | ||
| PHYSIOLOGY OF BILE FORMATION | 200 | ||
| PATTERN OF LIVER TEST ABNORMALITIES IN CHOLESTASIS | 201 | ||
| EVALUATION OF CHOLESTASIS | 201 | ||
| HISTORY AND PHYSICAL | 202 | ||
| INVESTIGATION | 204 | ||
| GENETIC DISORDERS OF CHOLESTASIS | 205 | ||
| PRIMARY BILIARY CIRRHOSIS OR CHRONIC NONSUPPURATIVE DESTRUCTIVE | 207 | ||
| AUTOIMMUNE CHOLANGIOPATHY | 208 | ||
| PSC | 209 | ||
| IGG4-RELATED SCLEROSING CHOLANGITIS | 210 | ||
| PARENTERAL NUTRITION–ASSOCIATED LIVER DISEASE | 213 | ||
| INTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS OF PREGNANCY | 213 | ||
| CHOLESTASIS RELATED TO SEPSIS | 214 | ||
| DRUG-INDUCED LIVER INJURY | 215 | ||
| EXTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS | 216 | ||
| MANAGEMENT OF CHOLESTASIS | 218 | ||
| OUTCOME IN THE REPRESENTATIVE CASE | 219 | ||
| SUMMARY | 219 | ||
| ACKNOWLEDGMENTS | 220 | ||
| REFERENCES | 220 | ||
| Chapter 3. Drug-Induced Liver Disease | 231 | ||
| CATEGORIES OF DILI | 231 | ||
| MAGNITUDE OF THE DILI PROBLEM | 232 | ||
| BRIEF OVERVIEW OF PATHOGENESIS | 234 | ||
| DILI PREVENTION | 235 | ||
| RISK FACTORS FOR DILI | 236 | ||
| DIAGNOSIS OF DILI: CAUSALITY ASSESSMENT | 237 | ||
| PROGNOSIS OF DILI | 241 | ||
| TREATMENT OF DILI | 241 | ||
| FUTURE PROSPECTS FOR DILI | 242 | ||
| REFERENCES | 243 | ||
| Chapter 4. Liver Disease in Pregnancy | 247 | ||
| LIVER PHYSIOLOGY DURING PREGNANCY | 247 | ||
| MODALITY OF TESTING IN PREGNANCY | 249 | ||
| LIVER DISEASES UNIQUE TO PREGNANCY | 250 | ||
| PREEXISTING UNDERLYING LIVER DISEASE AND PREGNANCY | 257 | ||
| LIVER DISEASES COINCIDENT WITH PREGNANCY | 260 | ||
| SUMMARY | 262 | ||
| REFERENCES | 262 | ||
| Chapter 5. Evaluation of Liver Lesions | 271 | ||
| CLINICAL PRESENTATION | 271 | ||
| SIMPLE CYSTS | 272 | ||
| CYSTADENOMA AND CYSTADENOCARCINOMA | 273 | ||
| HEPATIC INFECTIONS | 274 | ||
| PYOGENIC LIVER ABSCESS | 274 | ||
| HYDATID CYST | 275 | ||
| AMEBIC LIVER ABSCESS | 276 | ||
| BENIGN SOLID LESIONS | 276 | ||
| SUMMARY | 280 | ||
| REFERENCES | 280 | ||
| Chapter 6. Ascites | 285 | ||
| PATHOPHYSIOLOGY | 285 | ||
| HEPATORENAL SYNDROME | 286 | ||
| TREATMENT OF HEPATORENAL SYNDROME | 288 | ||
| NONHEPATIC ASCITES | 289 | ||
| DIAGNOSIS OF ASCITES | 290 | ||
| TREATMENT OF ASCITES | 291 | ||
| REFRACTORY ASCITES | 293 | ||
| SPONTANEOUS BACTERIAL PERITONITIS | 293 | ||
| SUMMARY | 295 | ||
| REFERENCES | 295 | ||
| Chapter 7. Hepatic Encephalopathy | 301 | ||
| PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF HE | 302 | ||
| DIAGNOSIS OF HE | 304 | ||
| THERAPY FOR HE | 305 | ||
| SUMMARY | 313 | ||
| REFERENCES | 314 | ||
| Chapter 8. Shortness of Breath in the Patient with Chronic Liver Disease | 321 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 321 | ||
| PHYSICAL EXAMINATION IN A PATIENT WITH LIVER DISEASE AND SHORTNESS OF BREATH | 322 | ||
| LABORATORY TESTS IN A PATIENT WITH DYSPNEA | 322 | ||
| PULMONARY VASCULAR COMPLICATIONS OF CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE | 323 | ||
| TREATMENT OF HEPATOPULMONARY SYNDROME | 324 | ||
| PORTOPULMONARY HYPERTENSION | 324 | ||
| HEPATIC HYDROTHORAX | 326 | ||
| TENSE ASCITES | 327 | ||
| ANEMIA | 327 | ||
| SUMMARY | 328 | ||
| REFERENCES | 328 | ||
| Chapter 9. Pruritus in Chronic Cholestatic Liver Disease | 331 | ||
| MANIFESTATION AND NATURAL HISTORY | 332 | ||
| PATHOGENESIS OF PRURITUS OF CHOLESTASIS | 332 | ||
| MANAGEMENT OF PRURITUS IN CHRONIC CHOLESTATIC LIVER DISEASE | 334 | ||
| ALGORITHM FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF PRURITUS IN CHOLESTATIC LIVER DISEASE | 339 | ||
| PRURITUS IN SPECIAL CHOLESTASIS POPULATIONS | 340 | ||
| REFERENCES | 341 | ||
| Chapter 10. Chronic Hepatitis B Infection | 347 | ||
| PHASES OF HBV INFECTION | 348 | ||
| TREATMENT OPTIONS FOR CHRONIC HBV | 349 | ||
| VIRAL FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH DISEASE PROGRESSION AND RESPONSE TO ANTIVIRAL THERAPY | 354 | ||
| HBV TREATMENT IN SPECIAL POPULATIONS | 357 | ||
| SUMMARY | 361 | ||
| REFERENCES | 363 | ||
| Chapter 11. Alcoholic Hepatitis: A Clinician’s Guide | 371 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 371 | ||
| EPIDEMIOLOGY | 372 | ||
| RISK FACTORS | 372 | ||
| DIAGNOSIS | 372 | ||
| CLINICAL FEATURES | 373 | ||
| PROGNOSIS IN AH | 375 | ||
| TREATMENT | 376 | ||
| PHARMACOTHERAPY | 378 | ||
| HEPATORENAL SYNDROME | 380 | ||
| LIVER TRANSPLANT | 381 | ||
| OUTPATIENT FOLLOW-UP | 381 | ||
| REFERENCES | 381 | ||
| Chapter 12. Granulomatous Liver Disease | 387 | ||
| GRANULOMATOUS LIVER DISEASE | 387 | ||
| HISTOPATHOLOGY | 387 | ||
| ASSOCIATED DISEASE STATES | 388 | ||
| TREATMENT | 393 | ||
| APPROACH BY THE CONSULTANT | 393 | ||
| SUMMARY | 394 | ||
| REFERENCES | 394 | ||
| Chapter 13. Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease | 397 | ||
| CLINICAL CASE | 397 | ||
| DEFINITIONS | 398 | ||
| CLINICAL CASE, CONTINUED | 406 | ||
| CLINICAL CASE, CONTINUED | 410 | ||
| SUMMARY | 410 | ||
| REFERENCES | 410 | ||
| Chapter 14. Surgical Clearance for the Patient with Chronic Liver Disease | 421 | ||
| THE APPROACH TO THE CONSULT FOR SURGICAL CLEARANCE IN A PATIENT WITH CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE | 421 | ||
| ILLUSTRATIVE CASES OF SURGICAL RISK IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE | 425 | ||
| SUMMARY | 430 | ||
| REFERENCES | 431 | ||
| Chapter 15. Is the Patient a Candidate for Liver Transplantation? | 435 | ||
| HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE | 435 | ||
| DETERMINING THE SEVERITY OF ILLNESS AND ORGAN ALLOCATION: FROM CHILD TURCOTTE-PUGH TO THE MODEL FOR END-STAGE LIVER DISEASE SCORE | 436 | ||
| WHO BENEFITS FROM LIVER TRANSPLANTATION? | 437 | ||
| MINIMAL LISTING CRITERIA | 437 | ||
| THE EVALUATION PROCESS | 438 | ||
| INDICATIONS FOR LIVER TRANSPLANTATION AND SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS BY DIAGNOSIS | 438 | ||
| CONTRAINDICATIONS TO LIVER TRANSPLANTATION | 444 | ||
| SUMMARY | 446 | ||
| REFERENCES | 446 | ||
| Index | 449 |