Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
New!
An essential pocket reference for paediatric emergency medicine. This is a practical, synoptic resuscitation aid providing comprehensive guidelines about equipment sizes and drug doses, including how to prepare, dilute and administer drugs in the emergency room.
What’s covered in the book:
- Practical pharmacology in children
- Overcoming medication errors in the Emergency Department
- Paediatric resuscitation and teamwork
- How to use the PAWPER tape and Broselow tape
- A comprehensive guide to equipment sizing in children
- Bolus drug dosing guidelines for more than 80 commonly-used emergency drugs
- Infusion drug dosing guidelines for the most frequently used emergency infusions
- Useful formulas and information for managing paediatric emergencies
- Pearls and pitfalls information on emergency drugs and emergency equipment
Suitable for:
Paediatrics
Paediatric critical care
Paediatric emergency medicine
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front cover | cover | ||
| Half title page | i | ||
| Dedication | ii | ||
| Emergency Drug Dosing in Children | iii | ||
| Copyright page | iv | ||
| Table of Contents | v | ||
| Preface | vii | ||
| •\tFear | vii | ||
| •\tPreparation | vii | ||
| •\tResuscitation aids | vii | ||
| •\tTeamwork | viii | ||
| Acknowledgements | viii | ||
| Abbreviations | ix | ||
| 1 How to use this book | 1 | ||
| Chapter Contents | 1 | ||
| Preparation before using the book | 1 | ||
| Guide to using the bolus drug dose tables | 2 | ||
| Guide to using the emergency infusion tables | 3 | ||
| Guide to using the antimicrobial dose tables | 4 | ||
| Using the Broselow® tape and the PAWPER tape | 5 | ||
| How to use the Broselow® paediatric emergency tape | 5 | ||
| How to use the Paediatric Advanced Weight Prediction in the Emergency Room (PAWPER) tape | 6 | ||
| 2 Overcoming medication errors in paediatric emergencies | 9 | ||
| Chapter Contents | 9 | ||
| Introduction | 9 | ||
| Potential sources of medication errors | 9 | ||
| Solutions and interventions to reduce medication errors | 12 | ||
| Conclusion | 13 | ||
| 3 Leadership, teamwork and resuscitation aids | 15 | ||
| Chapter Contents | 15 | ||
| Introduction | 15 | ||
| Pointers for effective team leading | 15 | ||
| Conclusion | 19 | ||
| 4 Practical pharmacology in paediatric emergencies | 21 | ||
| Chapter Contents | 21 | ||
| Introduction | 21 | ||
| Overview | 21 | ||
| Pharmacokinetics in critical illness | 22 | ||
| Pharmacokinetics in the developing human | 22 | ||
| Methods of estimating drug doses in children | 22 | ||
| Drug dose calculation based on body weight | 23 | ||
| Total body weight | 23 | ||
| Ideal body weight | 23 | ||
| The McLaren method (1972) | 24 | ||
| The Moore method (1985) | 24 | ||
| The body mass index method | 24 | ||
| Lean body weight | 24 | ||
| Adjusted body weight | 24 | ||
| Obese children | 24 | ||
| Dose modification for developmental stage, critical illness and abnormal body composition | 24 | ||
| General principles | 24 | ||
| Developmental stage | 27 | ||
| Critical illness | 27 | ||
| Obesity | 27 | ||
| 5 Emergency bolus drug dosing charts | 29 | ||
| 6 Emergency infusions dosing charts | 145 | ||
| 7 Drug dosing guidelines: | 155 | ||
| Chapter Contents | 155 | ||
| Introduction | 156 | ||
| Adenosine | 156 | ||
| Overview | 156 | ||
| Indications | 156 | ||
| Pharmacological action | 157 | ||
| Pharmacokinetics | 157 | ||
| Contraindications | 157 | ||
| Precautions | 157 | ||
| Packaging | 157 | ||
| Dosage and administration | 157 | ||
| First dose | 157 | ||
| Second and third doses | 157 | ||
| Miscellaneous notes | 157 | ||
| Adrenaline (epinephrine) | 158 | ||
| Overview | 158 | ||
| Indications | 158 | ||
| Pharmacological action | 158 | ||
| Pharmacokinetics | 158 | ||
| Contraindications | 158 | ||
| Precautions | 158 | ||
| Packaging | 159 | ||
| Dosage and administration | 159 | ||
| Cardiac arrest | 159 | ||
| Resistant symptomatic (hypotensive) bradycardia | 159 | ||
| Anaphylaxis | 159 | ||
| Bolus dilution options to achieve 10 µg/mL (1 : 100 000) | 159 | ||
| Life-threatening severe asthma (near fatal asthma) | 159 | ||
| Croup/laryngeal oedema | 160 | ||
| Miscellaneous notes | 160 | ||
| Amiodarone | 160 | ||
| Overview | 160 | ||
| Indications | 160 | ||
| Pharmacological action | 160 | ||
| Pharmacokinetics | 161 | ||
| Contraindications | 161 | ||
| Precautions | 161 | ||
| Packaging | 161 | ||
| Dosage and administration | 161 | ||
| Cardiac arrest | 161 | ||
| Stable VT or SVT | 161 | ||
| Miscellaneous notes | 161 | ||
| Atropine | 161 | ||
| Overview | 161 | ||
| Indications | 161 | ||
| Pharmacological action | 161 | ||
| 8 Equipment guidelines: | 221 | ||
| Chapter Contents | 221 | ||
| Resuscitation equipment | 221 | ||
| Laryngoscope blade | 221 | ||
| Endotracheal tubes – cuffed vs. uncuffed | 221 | ||
| ETT depth | 222 | ||
| Introducer (stylet) | 222 | ||
| Bougie (tracheal tube introducer) | 222 | ||
| Oropharyngeal airway | 222 | ||
| Nasopharyngeal airway | 222 | ||
| Bag–valve resuscitator | 223 | ||
| Mask | 224 | ||
| Suction catheter | 224 | ||
| Heat–moisture exchanger | 224 | ||
| Intercostal drain size (thoracostomy tube) | 224 | ||
| Urethral catheter | 224 | ||
| Intraosseous needle size and depth | 224 | ||
| Nasogastric tube | 225 | ||
| Intravenous access | 225 | ||
| Blood pressure cuff | 225 | ||
| Laryngeal mask airway and laryngeal tube airway | 225 | ||
| Central venous catheter size and depth | 225 | ||
| Normal vital signs | 225 | ||
| Average BP | 225 | ||
| Maximum BP | 225 | ||
| Minimum BP | 226 | ||
| Heart rate | 226 | ||
| 9 Useful formulas and information for managing paediatric emergencies | 229 | ||
| Chapter Contents | 229 | ||
| Introduction | 229 | ||
| Acid–base balance | 229 | ||
| Age-specific normal acid–base values in children | 229 | ||
| Acid–base diagram | 229 | ||
| Universal acid–base formula | 229 | ||
| Electrolytes and fluids | 231 | ||
| Anion gap | 231 | ||
| Sodium deficit in hyponatraemia | 231 | ||
| Parkland formula | 231 | ||
| Respiratory system | 232 | ||
| Acute lung injury ratio | 232 | ||
| Oxygen index | 232 | ||
| Estimated minute ventilation requirements | 232 | ||
| Predicted peak expiratory flow rate | 232 | ||
| Endotracheal tube size and length | 232 | ||
| Cardiovascular system | 233 | ||
| Minimum systolic blood pressure | 233 | ||
| Maximum systolic blood pressure | 233 | ||
| Maximum diastolic blood pressure | 233 | ||
| Minimum mean arterial pressure | 234 | ||
| Paediatric ECG assessment | 234 | ||
| Nervous system | 235 | ||
| Wong Baker faces | 235 | ||
| Behavioural observational pain scale (BOPS) | 235 | ||
| Sedation scores | 235 | ||
| Paediatric Glasgow Coma Scale | 236 | ||
| Spinal nerve root assessment | 238 | ||
| Body composition | 238 | ||
| Body mass index | 238 | ||
| Body surface area | 238 | ||
| Ideal body weight | 238 | ||
| Adjusted body weight | 242 | ||
| Catzel’s percentage method of drug dose calculation | 242 | ||
| Conversions | 242 | ||
| Weight, length and temperature | 242 | ||
| Measurements of pressure | 242 | ||
| Laboratory test units | 243 | ||
| Steroid equivalence | 243 | ||
| Opioid equivalence | 244 | ||
| Miscellaneous | 244 | ||
| Insulin infusion | 244 | ||
| Paediatric trauma score | 246 | ||
| APGAR score | 246 | ||
| Lund and Browder Chart | 247 | ||
| The PAWPER tape values | 248 | ||
| Index | 249 | ||
| A | 249 | ||
| B | 249 | ||
| C | 250 | ||
| D | 250 | ||
| E | 251 | ||
| F | 251 | ||
| G | 251 | ||
| H | 251 | ||
| I | 252 | ||
| J | 252 | ||
| K | 252 | ||
| L | 252 | ||
| M | 253 | ||
| N | 253 | ||
| O | 253 | ||
| P | 254 | ||
| R | 254 | ||
| S | 255 | ||
| T | 255 | ||
| U | 256 | ||
| V | 256 | ||
| W | 256 | ||
| Y | 256 |