BOOK
Sleep-related Epilepsy and Electroencephalography, An Issue of Sleep Medicine Clinics - E-Book
Madelieine Grigg-Damberger | Nancy R Foldvary-Schaefer
(2012)
Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
This issue on Sleep Electroencephalography (EEG) gives an overview of Electrophysiological readings in sleep with such articles as “The Nuts and Bolts of EEG and “How the Sleep/Wake EEG Changes Across the Lifespan. Identifying abnormal EEG activity and patterns in the Electroencephalographic readings is also discussed. The issue then further focuses in on Seizures and the EEG; specifically, how EEG can be used to diagnosis and identify seizure disorders and differentiate seizures from other paroxysmal nocturnal events, and to diagnose other primary sleep disorders in people with epilepsy.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | Cover | ||
| Sleep-Related Epilepsy and\rElectroencephalography | i | ||
| Copyright Page | ii | ||
| Table of Contents | vii | ||
| Contributors | v | ||
| Foreword | xi | ||
| Preface: Sleep-Related Epilepsy and Electroencephalography | xiii | ||
| Chapter 1. The Nuts and Bolts of Electroencephalography | 1 | ||
| ORIGIN OF THE SCALP EEG | 1 | ||
| AMPLIFICATION AND ELECTRICAL NOISE | 1 | ||
| ELECTRODES | 3 | ||
| GROUND | 4 | ||
| ANALOG VERSUS DIGITAL RECORDING | 4 | ||
| FILTERS | 5 | ||
| LIMITATIONS OF COMPUTER MONITOR SCREEN RESOLUTION | 5 | ||
| SAMPLING RATES | 5 | ||
| DERIVATIONS AND MONTAGES | 6 | ||
| EEG ABNORMALITIES IN PSG RECORDING | 7 | ||
| COMPUTERIZED EEG | 9 | ||
| SUMMARY | 11 | ||
| REFERENCES | 11 | ||
| Chapter 2. Sleep/Wake Electroencephalography Across the Lifespan | 13 | ||
| PATTERNS OF SLEEP ACROSS THE LIFESPAN | 13 | ||
| EEG PATTERNS ACROSS THE LIFESPAN | 14 | ||
| NORMAL EEG VARIANTS DURING SLEEP | 21 | ||
| REFERENCES | 22 | ||
| Chapter 3. Recognizing Normal, Abnormal, and Benign Nonepileptiform Electroencephalographic Activity and Patterns in Polysomnographic Recordings | 23 | ||
| DEVIATIONS FROM NORMAL EEG PATTERNS | 23 | ||
| SLOW ACTIVITY INAPPROPRIATE FOR STATE/AGE | 29 | ||
| NORMAL SLOW ACTIVITY MISTAKEN FOR ABNORMAL ACTIVITY | 31 | ||
| ARTIFACTS THAT CAN RESEMBLE INTERICTAL EPILEPTIC DISCHARGES OR SEIZURES | 36 | ||
| SUMMARY | 37 | ||
| REFERENCES | 37 | ||
| Chapter 4. Identifying Interictal and Ictal Epileptic Activity in Polysomnograms | 39 | ||
| VEEG PSG METHODOLOGY | 39 | ||
| INDICATIONS FOR VEEG PSG | 44 | ||
| INTERPRETATION OF VEEG PSG RECORDINGS | 49 | ||
| SUMMARY | 57 | ||
| REFERENCES | 57 | ||
| Chapter 5. Approach to Seizures, Epilepsies, and Epilepsy Syndromes | 59 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC APPROACH | 59 | ||
| CLASSIFICATION APPROACH | 65 | ||
| RECONCILING DIAGNOSTIC AND CLASSIFICATION APPROACH | 69 | ||
| SUMMARY | 70 | ||
| REFERENCES | 70 | ||
| Chapter 6. Primary Sleep Disorders in People with Epilepsy: What We Know, Don’t Know, and Need to Know | 75 | ||
| QUESTIONNAIRE-BASED STUDIES OF THE PREVALENCE OF PRIMARY SLEEP DISORDERS IN ADULTS WITH EPILEPSY | 75 | ||
| IS SLEEP ARCHITECTURE ALTERED IN ADULTS WITH EPILEPSY? | 77 | ||
| SLEEP DISORDERS CONFIRMED BY PSG IN ADULTS WITH EPILEPSY | 79 | ||
| QUESTIONNAIRE-BASED STUDIES ON THE PREVALENCE OF SLEEP DISORDERS IN CHILDREN WITH EPILEPSY | 80 | ||
| IS SLEEP ARCHITECTURE ABNORMAL IN CHILDREN WITH EPILEPSY? | 81 | ||
| PREVALENCE OF SLEEP APNEA AND OTHER PRIMARY SLEEP DISORDERS ON SLEEP STUDIES IN CHILDREN WITH EPILEPSY | 81 | ||
| ARE PARASOMNIAS MORE COMMON IN PEOPLE WITH EPILEPSY? | 82 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC AND TECHNICAL CONSIDERATIONS WHEN PERFORMING SLEEP STUDIES IN PEOPLE WITH EPILEPSY | 82 | ||
| CLINICAL IMPACT OF TREATING SLEEP DISORDERS IN PEOPLE WITH EPILEPSY | 84 | ||
| SUMMARY | 85 | ||
| REFERENCES | 85 | ||
| Chapter 7. Diagnostic Yield of Sleep and Sleep Deprivation on the EEG in Epilepsy | 91 | ||
| EARLY BELIEFS AND RESEARCH ON SLEEP, SLEEP DEPRIVATION, SEIZURES, EPILEPSY, AND THE MOON | 92 | ||
| PATIENTS WITH EPILEPSY OFTEN COMPLAIN OF INSUFFICIENT OR POOR-QUALITY NOCTURNAL SLEEP | 93 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC YIELD OF SLEEP DEPRIVATIONAS AN ACTIVATION MANEUVER ON EEG | 93 | ||
| YIELD OF SLEEP DEPRIVATION ON THE EEG IN CHILDREN DIFFERS FROM THAT IN ADULTS | 94 | ||
| CONSIDER ORAL MELATONIN TO INDUCE SLEEP IN CHILDREN DURING EEG | 94 | ||
| ISOLATED CONVULSIONS FOLLOWING SLEEP DEPRIVATION | 94 | ||
| SLEEP DEPRIVATION AS A TRIGGER FOR SEIZURES IN PEOPLE WITH EPILEPSY | 95 | ||
| SLEEP DEPRIVATION ENHANCES CORTICAL EXCITABILITY, MORE SO IN PEOPLE WITH EPILEPSY | 95 | ||
| SUMMARY | 96 | ||
| REFERENCES | 96 | ||
| Chapter 8. Seizures, Epilepsy, and Circadian Rhythms | 99 | ||
| CIRCADIAN RHYTHMS IN EPILEPSY | 99 | ||
| THE INFLUENCE OF EPILEPSY AND SEIZURES ON CIRCADIAN RHYTHMICITY | 101 | ||
| SUMMARY AND DISCUSSION | 103 | ||
| REFERENCES | 103 | ||
| Chapter 9. Nocturnal Frontal Epilepsies: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges for Sleep Specialists | 105 | ||
| CLINICAL FEATURES | 107 | ||
| AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT NFLE | 107 | ||
| EEG AND PSG FINDINGS | 108 | ||
| PATHOPHYSIOLOGY | 108 | ||
| DIAGNOSIS PROCEDURES | 109 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 109 | ||
| TREATMENT | 110 | ||
| SUMMARY | 110 | ||
| ACKNOWLEDGMENTS | 110 | ||
| REFERENCES | 110 | ||
| Chapter 10. Differentiating Seizures from Other Paroxysmal Nocturnal Events in Young and Older Adults | 113 | ||
| PAROXYSMAL NOCTURNAL EVENTS: THE DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 113 | ||
| NONEPILEPTIC MOTOR DISORDERS OF SLEEP | 115 | ||
| IMPORTANT FACTORS IN THE HISTORY | 117 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC TESTING | 119 | ||
| SUMMARY | 122 | ||
| ACKNOWLEDGMENTS | 122 | ||
| REFERENCES | 122 | ||
| Chapter 11. Relationship of Central Pattern Generators with Parasomnias and Sleep-Related Epileptic Seizures | 125 | ||
| OROMOTOR CPG BEHAVIORS | 126 | ||
| EMOTIONAL CPG BEHAVIORS | 127 | ||
| LOCOMOTOR CPG BEHAVIORS | 129 | ||
| PHYSIOPATHOGENIC SPECULATIONS | 130 | ||
| REFERENCES | 132 | ||
| Chapter 12. Benign Rolandic and Occipital Epilepsies of Childhood | 135 | ||
| BENIGN CHILDHOOD EPILEPSY WITH CENTRO-TEMPORAL SPIKES | 135 | ||
| BENIGN OCCIPITAL EPILEPSIES OF CHILDHOOD | 138 | ||
| INFLUENCE OF SLEEP ON INTERICTAL DISCHARGES IN ROLANDIC AND OCCIPITAL EPILEPSIES | 141 | ||
| SUMMARY | 141 | ||
| SUPPLEMENTARY DATA | 142 | ||
| REFERENCES | 142 | ||
| Chapter 13. Electrical Status Epilepticus in Sleep | 147 | ||
| HISTORY AND DEFINITIONS | 147 | ||
| CLINICAL PRESENTATION | 148 | ||
| EEG FINDINGS | 149 | ||
| SPIKE-WAVE INDEX | 149 | ||
| SLEEP ARCHITECTURE | 149 | ||
| LOCALIZATION OF THE EPILEPTIFORM ACTIVITY AND CLINICAL PICTURE | 150 | ||
| TREATMENT STRATEGIES | 150 | ||
| PROGNOSIS | 151 | ||
| PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS | 153 | ||
| SUMMARY | 154 | ||
| REFERENCES | 154 | ||
| Chapter 14. Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy: What Does Sleep Have to Do With It? | 157 | ||
| EPIDEMIOLOGY OF DEATH IN PEOPLE WITH EPILEPSY | 157 | ||
| SUDEP MOST OFTEN OCCURS IN BED DURING THE NIGHT | 157 | ||
| CASES OF SUDEP OCCURRING DURING LONG-TERM VIDEO-ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHIC MONITORING | 158 | ||
| RISK FACTORS FOR SUDEP | 158 | ||
| POTENTIAL MECHANISMS FOR SUDEP | 159 | ||
| MEASURES TO REDUCE THE RISK OF SUDEP | 165 | ||
| AREAS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH IN SLEEP AND SUDEP | 167 | ||
| REFERENCES | 167 | ||
| Index | 171 |