Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
Now in its fifth edition, this best-selling, multidisciplinary textbook continues to draw on the skills of pharmacists and clinicians to present optimal drug regimens. The authors integrate an understanding of the disease processes with an appreciation of pathophysiological processes, clinical pharmacy and the evidence base.
New to this edition:
- Stronger emphasis on understanding both the prescribing process and the clinical pharmacy process.
- All chapters completely revised and updated.
- Thirty-eight leading new authors.
Features:
- Key points boxes at the beginning of every chapter
- Case study tests at the end of every chapter
- Chapters co-authored by pharmacists and clinicians
- Organised by body system
- Consistent, clearly signposted chapter layout
‘...a unique and valuable support for all those involved or interested in drug therapy. This is a textbook that no university or pharmacy department, particularly those with employees studying at any level, and no pharmacist trying to develop their knowledge base should be without."
Dr Chris Green and John Sexton, The Pharmaceutical Journal
Now in its fifth edition, this best-selling, multidisciplinary textbook continues to draw on the skills of pharmacists and clinicians to present optimal drug regimens. The authors integrate an understanding of the disease processes with an appreciation of pathophysiological processes, clinical pharmacy and the evidence base.
New to this edition:
- Stronger emphasis on understanding both the prescribing process and the clinical pharmacy process.
- All chapters completely revised and updated.
- Thirty-eight leading new authors.
Features:
- Key points boxes at the beginning of every chapter
- Case study tests at the end of every chapter
- Chapters co-authored by pharmacists and clinicians
- Organised by body system
- Consistent, clearly signposted chapter layout
‘...a unique and valuable support for all those involved or interested in drug therapy. This is a textbook that no university or pharmacy department, particularly those with employees studying at any level, and no pharmacist trying to develop their knowledge base should be without."
Dr Chris Green and John Sexton, The Pharmaceutical Journal
- Stronger emphasis on understanding both the prescribing process and the clinical pharmacy process.
- All chapters completely revised and updated.
- Thirty-eight leading new authors.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | Cover | ||
| Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics | iii | ||
| Copyright | iv | ||
| Preface | v | ||
| Acknowledgements | vi | ||
| Contributors | vii | ||
| Contents | xii | ||
| Section 1: General | 1 | ||
| 1: Clinical pharmacy process | 2 | ||
| Development of clinical practice in pharmacy | 2 | ||
| Pharmaceutical care | 3 | ||
| Pharmaceutical consultation | 4 | ||
| Clinical pharmacy functions and knowledge | 7 | ||
| Quality assurance of clinical practice | 12 | ||
| References | 13 | ||
| 2: Prescribing | 14 | ||
| Rational and effective prescribing | 14 | ||
| Pharmacists as prescribers and the legal framework | 15 | ||
| The prescribing process | 21 | ||
| Medication review | 25 | ||
| Factors that influence prescribers | 26 | ||
| Strategies to influence prescribing | 29 | ||
| Conclusion | 30 | ||
| References | 30 | ||
| Further reading | 31 | ||
| 3: Practical pharmacokinetics | 32 | ||
| General applications | 32 | ||
| Application to therapeutic drug monitoring | 33 | ||
| Basic concepts | 33 | ||
| Clinical applications | 37 | ||
| References | 49 | ||
| Further reading | 49 | ||
| 4: Drug interactions | 50 | ||
| Definition | 50 | ||
| Epidemiology | 51 | ||
| Mechanisms of drug interactions | 51 | ||
| Conclusion | 59 | ||
| References | 61 | ||
| 5: Adverse drug reactions | 62 | ||
| Introduction | 62 | ||
| Assessing the safety of drugs | 63 | ||
| Definitions | 63 | ||
| Classification of ADRs | 63 | ||
| Factors affecting susceptibility to ADRs | 64 | ||
| Immunological reactions | 67 | ||
| Formulation issues contributing to ADRs | 67 | ||
| Epidemiology of ADRs | 68 | ||
| Pharmacovigilance and epidemiological methods in ADR detection | 68 | ||
| Roles of health professionals | 71 | ||
| References | 75 | ||
| Further reading | 75 | ||
| 6: Laboratory data | 76 | ||
| Biochemical data | 76 | ||
| Liver function tests (LFTs) | 84 | ||
| Cardiac markers | 87 | ||
| Tumour markers | 87 | ||
| Immunoglobulins | 88 | ||
| Haematology data | 88 | ||
| Other blood tests | 91 | ||
| Monitoring anticoagulant therapy | 91 | ||
| Further reading | 95 | ||
| 7: Parenteral nutrition | 96 | ||
| Introduction | 96 | ||
| Components of a PN regimen | 97 | ||
| Administration of PN | 103 | ||
| Pharmaceutical issues | 105 | ||
| Nutritional assessment and monitoring | 108 | ||
| Complications | 109 | ||
| Specific disease states | 110 | ||
| Paediatric PN | 112 | ||
| Acknowledgement | 115 | ||
| References | 115 | ||
| Further reading | 115 | ||
| 8: Pharmacoeconomics | 116 | ||
| Terms used in health economics | 117 | ||
| Types of health economic evaluations | 117 | ||
| Costs and consequences | 119 | ||
| Conclusion | 122 | ||
| References | 122 | ||
| Further reading | 122 | ||
| Section 2: Life Stages | 123 | ||
| 9: Neonates | 124 | ||
| Drug disposition | 124 | ||
| Major clinical disorders | 125 | ||
| Principles and Goals of Therapy | 129 | ||
| References | 131 | ||
| Further reading | 131 | ||
| 10: Paediatrics | 132 | ||
| Demography | 132 | ||
| The normal child | 134 | ||
| Drug disposition | 135 | ||
| Drug therapy in children | 138 | ||
| Counselling, adherence and concordance | 141 | ||
| Medicines in schools | 142 | ||
| Monitoring parameters | 143 | ||
| Adverse drug reactions | 144 | ||
| Medication errors | 144 | ||
| Licensing medicines for children | 145 | ||
| Service frameworks | 146 | ||
| References | 148 | ||
| Further reading | 148 | ||
| 11: Geriatrics | 149 | ||
| Pharmacokinetics | 149 | ||
| Pharmacodynamics | 150 | ||
| Common clinical disorders | 152 | ||
| Principles and goals of drug therapy in the elderly | 157 | ||
| Conclusion | 158 | ||
| References | 160 | ||
| Further reading | 160 | ||
| Section 3: Therapeutics | 161 | ||
| 12: Peptic ulcer disease | 162 | ||
| Epidemiology | 163 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 163 | ||
| Clinical manifestations | 165 | ||
| Patient assessment | 165 | ||
| Investigations | 166 | ||
| Treatment | 168 | ||
| Ulcer-healing drugs | 175 | ||
| Patient care | 178 | ||
| References | 183 | ||
| Further reading | 184 | ||
| 13: Inflammatory bowel disease | 185 | ||
| Introduction | 185 | ||
| Epidemiology | 185 | ||
| Aetiology | 185 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 187 | ||
| Clinical manifestation | 188 | ||
| Investigations | 191 | ||
| Treatment of inflammatory bowel disease | 192 | ||
| Patient care | 204 | ||
| Acknowledgements | 207 | ||
| References | 207 | ||
| Further reading | 208 | ||
| 14: Constipation and diarrhoea | 209 | ||
| Constipation | 209 | ||
| Diarrhoea | 214 | ||
| References | 220 | ||
| Further reading | 221 | ||
| 15: Adverse effects of drugs on the liver | 222 | ||
| Epidemiology | 222 | ||
| Risk factors | 223 | ||
| Aetiology | 224 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 226 | ||
| Clinical manifestations | 227 | ||
| Investigations | 228 | ||
| Treatment | 228 | ||
| Patient care | 232 | ||
| References | 237 | ||
| Further reading | 237 | ||
| 16: Liver disease | 238 | ||
| Acute liver disease | 238 | ||
| Chronic liver disease | 238 | ||
| Causes of liver disease | 239 | ||
| Clinical manifestations | 242 | ||
| Investigations | 244 | ||
| Patient care | 244 | ||
| Disease specific therapies | 251 | ||
| References | 254 | ||
| Further reading | 254 | ||
| 17: Acute kidney injury | 255 | ||
| Definition and incidence | 255 | ||
| Classification and causes | 255 | ||
| Clinical manifestations | 259 | ||
| Diagnosis and clinical evaluation | 260 | ||
| Course and prognosis | 260 | ||
| Management | 262 | ||
| Non-dialysis treatment of established acute kidney injury | 263 | ||
| Renal replacement therapy | 265 | ||
| References | 270 | ||
| Further reading | 271 | ||
| 18: Chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease | 272 | ||
| Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system | 272 | ||
| Measurement of renal function | 273 | ||
| Significance of CKD | 275 | ||
| Causes of CKD | 275 | ||
| Clinical manifestations | 277 | ||
| Diagnosis, investigations and monitoring | 281 | ||
| Prognosis | 282 | ||
| Treatment | 283 | ||
| Renal transplantation | 288 | ||
| Implementation of regular dialysis treatment | 292 | ||
| References | 293 | ||
| Further reading | 294 | ||
| 19: Hypertension | 295 | ||
| Epidemiology | 296 | ||
| Regulation of blood pressure | 296 | ||
| Clinical presentation | 296 | ||
| Management of hypertension | 297 | ||
| Treatment | 298 | ||
| References | 310 | ||
| Further reading | 311 | ||
| 20: Coronary heart disease | 312 | ||
| Epidemiology | 312 | ||
| Aetiology | 313 | ||
| Modification of risk factors | 314 | ||
| Clinical syndromes | 315 | ||
| Acute coronary syndrome | 320 | ||
| Patient care | 330 | ||
| Acknowledgement | 331 | ||
| References | 331 | ||
| Further reading | 332 | ||
| 21: Chronic heart failure | 333 | ||
| Epidemiology | 333 | ||
| Aetiology | 334 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 334 | ||
| Clinical manifestations | 335 | ||
| Investigations | 335 | ||
| Treatment of heart failure | 336 | ||
| Patient care | 344 | ||
| Acknowledgements | 352 | ||
| References | 352 | ||
| Further reading | 353 | ||
| 22: Arrhythmias | 354 | ||
| Normal cardiac electrophysiology | 354 | ||
| Arrhythmia mechanisms | 356 | ||
| Diagnosis | 358 | ||
| Management | 359 | ||
| Drug therapy | 366 | ||
| Patient care | 373 | ||
| References | 375 | ||
| Further reading | 375 | ||
| 23: Thrombosis | 376 | ||
| Venous thromboembolism | 376 | ||
| Arterial thromboembolism | 385 | ||
| References | 388 | ||
| 24: Dyslipidaemia | 389 | ||
| Epidemiology | 389 | ||
| Lipid transport and lipoprotein metabolism | 390 | ||
| Aetiology | 392 | ||
| Risk Assessment | 396 | ||
| Treatment | 399 | ||
| Lipid-lowering therapy | 401 | ||
| References | 410 | ||
| Further reading | 411 | ||
| 25: Asthma | 412 | ||
| Epidemiology | 412 | ||
| Aetiology | 412 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 413 | ||
| Clinical manifestations | 413 | ||
| Investigations | 414 | ||
| Treatment | 415 | ||
| Patient care | 422 | ||
| References | 429 | ||
| Further reading | 430 | ||
| 26: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 431 | ||
| Epidemiology | 431 | ||
| Pathology | 431 | ||
| Aetiology | 432 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 433 | ||
| Clinical manifestations | 434 | ||
| Investigations | 435 | ||
| Treatment | 436 | ||
| Patient care | 440 | ||
| References | 445 | ||
| Further reading | 445 | ||
| 27: Insomnia | 446 | ||
| Definitions and epidemiology | 446 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 446 | ||
| Aetiology and clinical manifestations | 447 | ||
| Investigations and differential diagnosis | 447 | ||
| Treatment | 447 | ||
| Potential adverse effects of hypnotic use | 450 | ||
| Patient care | 451 | ||
| References | 452 | ||
| Further reading | 453 | ||
| 28: Anxiety disorders | 454 | ||
| Definitions and epidemiology | 454 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 455 | ||
| Aetiology and clinical manifestations | 456 | ||
| Investigations and differential diagnosis | 457 | ||
| Treatment | 457 | ||
| References | 463 | ||
| Further reading | 464 | ||
| Useful resources | 464 | ||
| 29: Affective disorders | 465 | ||
| Classification | 465 | ||
| Epidemiology | 465 | ||
| Aetiology | 466 | ||
| Clinical manifestations | 467 | ||
| Investigations | 467 | ||
| Treatment | 469 | ||
| Patient care | 474 | ||
| References | 478 | ||
| Further reading | 478 | ||
| 30: Schizophrenia | 479 | ||
| Classification | 479 | ||
| Symptoms and diagnosis | 479 | ||
| Causes of schizophrenia | 480 | ||
| Drug treatment | 480 | ||
| References | 488 | ||
| Further reading | 488 | ||
| 31: Epilepsy | 489 | ||
| Epidemiology | 489 | ||
| Aetiology | 490 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 490 | ||
| Clinical manifestations | 491 | ||
| Diagnosis | 492 | ||
| Treatment | 492 | ||
| Evidence for clinical use of newer drugs | 503 | ||
| References | 506 | ||
| Further reading | 506 | ||
| 32: Parkinson's disease | 507 | ||
| Epidemiology | 507 | ||
| Aetiology | 507 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 508 | ||
| Clinical features | 508 | ||
| Differential diagnosis | 509 | ||
| Investigations | 510 | ||
| Treatment | 510 | ||
| Patient care | 515 | ||
| References | 518 | ||
| Further reading | 518 | ||
| 33: Pain | 519 | ||
| Aetiology and neurophysiology | 519 | ||
| Assessment of pain | 520 | ||
| Management | 520 | ||
| Analgesic drugs | 520 | ||
| Adjuvant medication | 525 | ||
| Treatment of selected pain syndromes | 527 | ||
| Acknowledgement | 533 | ||
| References | 533 | ||
| Further reading | 534 | ||
| Useful websites | 534 | ||
| 34: Nausea and vomiting | 535 | ||
| Epidemiology | 535 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 535 | ||
| Patient management | 536 | ||
| Antiemetic drugs | 536 | ||
| Drug treatment in selected circumstances | 539 | ||
| Conclusion | 542 | ||
| References | 543 | ||
| Further reading | 544 | ||
| 35: Respiratory infections | 545 | ||
| Upper respiratory tract infections | 545 | ||
| Lower respiratory infections | 549 | ||
| Respiratory infection in the immunocompromised | 556 | ||
| References | 559 | ||
| Further reading | 560 | ||
| 36: Urinary tract infections | 561 | ||
| Epidemiology | 561 | ||
| Aetiology and risk factors | 562 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 562 | ||
| Clinical manifestations | 563 | ||
| Investigations | 563 | ||
| Treatment | 566 | ||
| Prevention and prophylaxis | 570 | ||
| References | 572 | ||
| Further reading | 572 | ||
| 37: Gastro-intestinal infections | 573 | ||
| Epidemiology and aetiology | 573 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 574 | ||
| Clinical manifestations | 575 | ||
| Investigations | 576 | ||
| Treatment | 578 | ||
| Patient care | 581 | ||
| References | 583 | ||
| Further reading | 583 | ||
| 38: Infective meningitis | 584 | ||
| Aetiology and epidemiology | 585 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 586 | ||
| Clinical manifestations | 586 | ||
| Diagnosis | 586 | ||
| Drug treatment | 587 | ||
| Patient care | 593 | ||
| References | 595 | ||
| Further reading | 595 | ||
| 39: Surgical site infection and antimicrobial prophylaxis | 596 | ||
| Epidemiology | 596 | ||
| Surveillance | 596 | ||
| Risk factors | 597 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 599 | ||
| Prevention of surgical site infection | 600 | ||
| References | 606 | ||
| Further references | 607 | ||
| 40: Tuberculosis | 608 | ||
| Introduction | 608 | ||
| Aetiology | 608 | ||
| Clinical aspects | 608 | ||
| Epidemiology | 609 | ||
| Diagnosis | 610 | ||
| Treatment | 612 | ||
| Chemoprophylaxis | 617 | ||
| BCG vaccine | 617 | ||
| Patient care | 617 | ||
| Acknowledgement | 619 | ||
| References | 619 | ||
| Further reading | 620 | ||
| 41: HIV infection | 621 | ||
| Epidemiology | 621 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 621 | ||
| Clinical manifestations | 622 | ||
| Investigations and monitoring | 624 | ||
| Drug treatment | 625 | ||
| Acknowledgements | 651 | ||
| References | 651 | ||
| Further reading | 652 | ||
| 42: Fungal infections | 654 | ||
| Laboratory diagnosis | 654 | ||
| Fungal infection | 655 | ||
| Antifungal agents | 655 | ||
| Superficial infection | 656 | ||
| Deep-seated fungal infections | 659 | ||
| Fungal infections in the compromised host | 659 | ||
| References | 668 | ||
| Further reading | 668 | ||
| 43: Thyroid and parathyroid disorders | 669 | ||
| Thyroid physiology | 669 | ||
| Hypothyroidism | 670 | ||
| Hyperthyroidism/thyrotoxicosis | 674 | ||
| Drugs and the thyroid | 679 | ||
| Calcium and parathyroid hormone | 679 | ||
| References | 684 | ||
| Further reading | 684 | ||
| 44: Diabetes mellitus | 685 | ||
| Epidemiology | 686 | ||
| Aetiology | 686 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 687 | ||
| Clinical manifestations | 688 | ||
| Diagnosis | 688 | ||
| Diabetic emergencies | 688 | ||
| Long-term diabetic complications | 691 | ||
| Treatment | 694 | ||
| Patient care | 706 | ||
| References | 710 | ||
| Further reading | 710 | ||
| 45: Menstrual cycle disorders | 711 | ||
| Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) | 712 | ||
| Dysmenorrhoea | 716 | ||
| Menorrhagia | 718 | ||
| Endometriosis | 721 | ||
| References | 723 | ||
| Further reading | 724 | ||
| 46: Menopause | 725 | ||
| Menopause | 725 | ||
| Management | 727 | ||
| Treatment with HRT | 731 | ||
| References | 737 | ||
| Further reading | 738 | ||
| 47: Drugs in pregnancy and lactation | 739 | ||
| Drugs as teratogens | 739 | ||
| Acknowledgements | 751 | ||
| References | 752 | ||
| Further reading | 752 | ||
| Useful websites | 752 | ||
| 48: Prostate disease | 753 | ||
| Benign prostatic hyperplasia | 753 | ||
| Prostate cancer | 759 | ||
| Prostatitis | 764 | ||
| Acknowledgement | 768 | ||
| References | 768 | ||
| Further reading | 768 | ||
| 49: Anaemia | 769 | ||
| Epidemiology | 769 | ||
| Aetiology | 769 | ||
| Iron deficiency anaemia | 771 | ||
| Anaemia of chronic disease | 773 | ||
| Sideroblastic anaemias | 774 | ||
| Megaloblastic anaemias | 775 | ||
| Clinical manifestations | 777 | ||
| Haemolytic anaemias | 779 | ||
| References | 785 | ||
| 50: Leukaemia | 786 | ||
| Epidemiology | 786 | ||
| Aetiology | 786 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 787 | ||
| Clinical manifestations | 788 | ||
| Investigations | 789 | ||
| Treatment | 790 | ||
| Patient care | 795 | ||
| References | 801 | ||
| Further reading | 802 | ||
| 51: Lymphomas | 803 | ||
| Hodgkin's lymphoma | 803 | ||
| Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma | 806 | ||
| Patient care | 812 | ||
| Acknowledgements | 816 | ||
| References | 817 | ||
| Further reading | 817 | ||
| 52: Solid tumours | 818 | ||
| Epidemiology | 818 | ||
| Aetiology | 818 | ||
| Screening and prevention | 819 | ||
| Cancer at the cellular level | 820 | ||
| Patient management | 821 | ||
| Cytotoxic chemotherapy | 823 | ||
| Targeted therapies | 825 | ||
| Management of patients receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy | 826 | ||
| Acknowledgment | 830 | ||
| References | 831 | ||
| Further reading | 831 | ||
| 53: Rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis | 832 | ||
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 832 | ||
| Osteoarthritis | 843 | ||
| References | 847 | ||
| Further reading | 847 | ||
| Useful websites | 847 | ||
| 54: Gout and hyperuricaemia | 848 | ||
| Introduction | 848 | ||
| Epidemiology | 848 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 849 | ||
| Risk factors | 850 | ||
| Presentation and diagnosis | 851 | ||
| Course of disease | 852 | ||
| Treatment | 852 | ||
| Patient care | 857 | ||
| Acknowledgements | 859 | ||
| References | 859 | ||
| Further reading | 860 | ||
| 55: Glaucoma | 861 | ||
| Epidemiology | 861 | ||
| Aetiology | 862 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 862 | ||
| Clinical manifestations | 862 | ||
| Investigations | 863 | ||
| Treatment | 863 | ||
| Drug treatment | 865 | ||
| Patient care | 875 | ||
| References | 878 | ||
| Further reading | 879 | ||
| 56: Drug-induced skin disorders | 880 | ||
| Diagnosis | 880 | ||
| Drug-induced skin disorders | 880 | ||
| Patient care | 889 | ||
| References | 892 | ||
| Further reading | 892 | ||
| 57: Eczema and psoriasis | 893 | ||
| Eczema | 893 | ||
| Psoriasis | 898 | ||
| References | 909 | ||
| Further reading | 909 | ||
| 58: Wounds | 910 | ||
| Structure of the skin | 910 | ||
| Wound healing | 910 | ||
| Diabetic foot ulcers | 915 | ||
| Leg ulcers | 917 | ||
| Pressure ulcers | 920 | ||
| Principles of wound management | 921 | ||
| References | 925 | ||
| Section 4: Appendices | 927 | ||
| Appendix 1: Medical abbreviations | 928 | ||
| Appendix 2: Glossary | 938 | ||
| Index | 944 |