Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
Over the past 22 years, Anatomy and Human Movement has grown into a classic textbook, helping students to understand and remember the mechanisms which allow movement to take place. Now in its sixth edition, the approach remains the same – each section of the body is presented systematically where readers are introduced to the bones, then guided through the muscles, joints , nervous system and blood supply. Anatomy of the musculoskeletal system is brought to life through simple full colour artwork following a colour key for clarity and accuracy.
- Detailed account of anatomy
- Stresses relationship between structure and function
- Summary Boxes used for quick revision aids or general overviews
- Over 800 full colour line drawings
- Over 50 photographs (including radiographs)
- Stimulates understanding and learning of anatomy and application to human movement
- Improved and new artwork
- Radiographs
- Expansion of joint replacement sections
Table of Contents
Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
---|---|---|---|
Front Cover | Cover | ||
Anatomy and Human Movement: Structure and Function | iii | ||
Copyright | iv | ||
Contents | v | ||
Preface to the First Edition | vii | ||
Preface to the Sixth Edition | ix | ||
Acknowledgements | xi | ||
About the Authors | xiii | ||
Part 1: Introduction | 1 | ||
Terminology | 1 | ||
Terms used in describing movement | 2 | ||
Nervous system | 3 | ||
Introduction | 3 | ||
Cellular structure | 4 | ||
Interneural connections | 4 | ||
Myelination | 5 | ||
Structure of a peripheral nerve | 6 | ||
The peripheral nervous system | 7 | ||
Constituents of peripheral nerves | 7 | ||
Nerve endings | 8 | ||
Components of the musculoskeletal system | 8 | ||
Connective tissue | 8 | ||
Fat | 8 | ||
Fibrous tissue | 8 | ||
Skeletal tissue | 9 | ||
Cartilage | 9 | ||
Hyaline cartilage | 9 | ||
White fibrocartilage | 9 | ||
Yellow fibrocartilage | 9 | ||
Bone | 9 | ||
Bone development | 10 | ||
Intramembranous ossification | 10 | ||
Endochondral ossification | 10 | ||
Muscular tissue | 12 | ||
Skeletal muscle | 12 | ||
Joints | 17 | ||
Fibrous joints | 17 | ||
Suture | 17 | ||
Gomphosis | 17 | ||
Syndesmosis | 18 | ||
Cartilaginous joints | 18 | ||
Primary cartilaginous | 18 | ||
Secondary cartilaginous | 18 | ||
Synovial joints | 18 | ||
Plane joint | 19 | ||
Saddle joint | 19 | ||
Hinge joint | 19 | ||
Pivot joint | 19 | ||
Ball and socket joint | 19 | ||
Condyloid joint | 19 | ||
Ellipsoid joint | 20 | ||
Receptors in joints and ligaments | 20 | ||
Spin, roll and slide | 20 | ||
Levers | 21 | ||
Skin and its appendages | 22 | ||
Introduction | 22 | ||
Structure | 23 | ||
Epidermis | 23 | ||
Dermis | 25 | ||
Subcutaneous connective tissue | 25 | ||
Cutaneous sensory receptors | 25 | ||
Appendages of the skin | 26 | ||
Nails | 26 | ||
Hairs | 27 | ||
Glands | 27 | ||
Sebaceous glands | 27 | ||
Sweat glands | 27 | ||
Mammary gland (breast) | 28 | ||
Blood supply and lymphatic drainage of the skin | 28 | ||
Nerves of the skin | 28 | ||
Application | 28 | ||
Early embryology | 29 | ||
Stages in development | 29 | ||
Fertilization and cleavage | 29 | ||
The morula | 29 | ||
The blastocyst | 29 | ||
Implantation | 29 | ||
Development of the yolk sac | 29 | ||
Prochordal plate | 31 | ||
The primary germ layers | 31 | ||
Part 2: The upper limb | 35 | ||
Introduction | 36 | ||
Development of the musculoskeletal system | 36 | ||
Mesodermal somites | 36 | ||
Development of the limbs | 37 | ||
Bones | 40 | ||
The scapula | 40 | ||
Palpation | 41 | ||
Ossification | 41 | ||
The clavicle | 41 | ||
Palpation | 42 | ||
Ossification | 42 | ||
The humerus | 42 | ||
Palpation | 44 | ||
Ossification | 44 | ||
The radius | 45 | ||
Palpation | 45 | ||
Ossification | 45 | ||
The ulna | 45 | ||
Palpation | 48 | ||
Ossification | 48 | ||
The carpus | 48 | ||
Scaphoid | 49 | ||
Lunate | 49 | ||
Triquetral | 49 | ||
Pisiform | 49 | ||
Trapezium | 49 | ||
Trapezoid | 49 | ||
Capitate | 49 | ||
Hamate | 50 | ||
Palpation | 50 | ||
Part 3: The lower limb | 201 | ||
Introduction | 202 | ||
Development of the musculoskeletal system | 203 | ||
Mesodermal somites | 203 | ||
Development of the limbs | 205 | ||
Bones | 205 | ||
Pelvic girdle | 205 | ||
Introduction | 205 | ||
The innominate (hip) bone | 207 | ||
The ilium | 207 | ||
The pubis | 209 | ||
The ischium | 209 | ||
Acetabulum | 210 | ||
Obturator foramen | 210 | ||
Part 4: The trunk and neck | 405 | ||
Introduction | 406 | ||
Embryological development of the vertebrae | 410 | ||
The vertebral column | 410 | ||
Bones | 412 | ||
Lumbar vertebrae | 412 | ||
Thoracic vertebrae | 413 | ||
Cervical vertebrae | 414 | ||
The seventh cervical vertebra | 415 | ||
The axis (C2) | 415 | ||
The atlas (C1) | 416 | ||
The vertebral column | 416 | ||
Ossification of the vertebrae | 416 | ||
Palpation of the vertebral column | 417 | ||
The thoracic cage | 419 | ||
The ribs | 419 | ||
A typical rib | 419 | ||
The first rib | 419 | ||
The 10th rib | 421 | ||
The 11th rib | 421 | ||
The 12th rib | 421 | ||
Costal cartilages | 421 | ||
Ossification of the ribs | 421 | ||
The sternum | 422 | ||
Ossification | 422 | ||
Palpation | 423 | ||
Muscles | 423 | ||
Muscles producing movements of the trunk and thorax | 423 | ||
Muscles flexing the trunk | 424 | ||
Rectus abdominis | 424 | ||
External oblique (obliquus externus abdominis) | 425 | ||
Internal oblique (obliquus internus abdominis) | 425 | ||
Psoas minor | 426 | ||
Muscles extending the trunk | 427 | ||
Erector spinae | 427 | ||
Interspinales | 428 | ||
Muscles rotating the trunk | 428 | ||
Multifidus | 428 | ||
Rotatores | 428 | ||
Semispinalis | 428 | ||
Muscles laterally flexing the trunk | 430 | ||
Quadratus lumborum | 430 | ||
Intertransversarii | 430 | ||
Muscles raising intra-abdominal pressure | 430 | ||
Transversus abdominis | 430 | ||
Cremaster | 431 | ||
The inguinal canal | 432 | ||
Muscles of the pelvic floor | 433 | ||
Levator ani | 433 | ||
Coccygeus | 434 | ||
Muscles producing inspiration | 434 | ||
Diaphragm | 434 | ||
Intercostal muscles (intercostales) | 436 | ||
Levatores costorum | 437 | ||
Serratus posterior superior | 437 | ||
Muscles producing expiration | 437 | ||
Transversus thoracis | 438 | ||
Subcostals | 438 | ||
Serratus posterior inferior | 438 | ||
Fasciae of the trunk | 438 | ||
Superficial fascia | 438 | ||
Deep fascia | 438 | ||
Thoracolumbar fascia | 439 | ||
Simple activities of the trunk | 439 | ||
A sit-up | 439 | ||
Bending down to touch toes and straightening up again | 439 | ||
Sideways bending | 440 | ||
Increasing and decreasing lumbar lordosis | 440 | ||
Muscles of the neck | 440 | ||
Muscles flexing the neck | 440 | ||
Longus colli | 440 | ||
Sternomastoid (sternocleidomastoid) | 440 | ||
Muscles flexing the head and neck | 441 | ||
Longus capitis | 441 | ||
Muscles flexing the head on the neck | 442 | ||
Rectus capitis anterior | 442 | ||
Muscles laterally flexing the neck | 442 | ||
Scalenus anterior | 442 | ||
Scalenus medius | 442 | ||
Scalenus posterior | 442 | ||
Splenius cervicis | 442 | ||
Muscles laterally flexing the head and neck | 442 | ||
Sternomastoid | 443 | ||
Splenius capitis | 443 | ||
Muscles laterally flexing the head on the neck | 444 | ||
Rectus capitis lateralis | 444 | ||
Muscles extending the neck | 444 | ||
Muscles extending the head and neck | 444 | ||
Muscles extending the head on the neck | 444 | ||
Rectus capitis posterior major | 444 | ||
Rectus capitis posterior minor | 444 | ||
Superior oblique | 444 | ||
Muscles rotating the neck | 444 | ||
Muscles rotating the head and neck | 444 | ||
Muscles rotating the head on the neck | 444 | ||
Inferior oblique | 444 | ||
Joints | 445 | ||
Articulations of the vertebral column | 445 | ||
Introduction | 445 | ||
Joints between vertebral bodies | 445 | ||
Intervertebral discs | 445 | ||
Ligaments | 450 | ||
The uncovertebral joints | 451 | ||
Joints between vertebral arches | 452 | ||
The zygapophyseal joints | 452 | ||
Articular surfaces | 452 | ||
Joint capsule and synovial membrane | 453 | ||
Accessory ligaments | 453 | ||
Blood and nerve supply | 453 | ||
Relations | 456 | ||
Stability | 457 | ||
Movements | 460 | ||
The atlantoaxial articulations | 470 | ||
The lateral atlantoaxial joints | 470 | ||
The median atlantoaxial joint | 471 | ||
The atlanto-occipital joint | 472 | ||
Articular surfaces | 472 | ||
Joint capsule and synovial membrane | 473 | ||
Ligaments/Membranes | 473 | ||
Movements | 473 | ||
Biomechanics | 476 | ||
Joints of the thorax | 480 | ||
Introduction | 480 | ||
Costochondral joint | 481 | ||
Sternal joints | 481 | ||
Articulations of the ribs and their costal cartilages | 482 | ||
Costovertebral joints | 482 | ||
Costotransverse joint | 483 | ||
Sternocostal joints | 483 | ||
Interchondral joints | 484 | ||
Movements of the thoracic cage | 484 | ||
Nerve supply | 486 | ||
The cervical plexus | 486 | ||
Superficial branches | 486 | ||
Deep branches | 488 | ||
The spinal cord | 489 | ||
Introduction | 489 | ||
Development | 490 | ||
Spinal cord | 490 | ||
Spinal nerves | 491 | ||
Internal structure of the spinal cord | 492 | ||
The meninges | 494 | ||
Cerebrospinal fluid | 495 | ||
Nerve root sheaths | 495 | ||
Cauda equina | 496 | ||
Arterial supply | 497 | ||
The somatic nervous system | 498 | ||
The autonomic nervous system | 500 | ||
The parasympathetic nervous system | 501 | ||
The sympathetic nervous system | 503 | ||
The cardiovascular system | 507 | ||
Introduction | 507 | ||
Development | 507 | ||
Fetal circulation | 507 | ||
The heart | 508 | ||
Surface markings | 508 | ||
Pericardium | 510 | ||
Structure | 511 | ||
Blood supply | 511 | ||
Chambers of the heart | 512 | ||
Conducting system | 513 | ||
The great vessels | 514 | ||
The respiratory system | 514 | ||
Introduction | 514 | ||
Development | 515 | ||
Upper respiratory tract | 515 | ||
Nasal cavity | 515 | ||
Pharynx | 515 | ||
Larynx | 516 | ||
Trachea and principal bronchi | 517 | ||
The lungs and pleura | 517 | ||
Lungs | 517 | ||
Pleura | 518 | ||
Surface markings | 519 | ||
Bronchopulmonary segments | 520 | ||
The digestive system | 521 | ||
Introduction | 521 | ||
Development | 522 | ||
Oral cavity | 522 | ||
Teeth | 522 | ||
Tongue | 524 | ||
Palate | 525 | ||
Pharynx and oesophagus | 525 | ||
Abdomen and pelvis | 525 | ||
Stomach | 525 | ||
Small intestine | 526 | ||
Large intestine | 527 | ||
Pancreas | 527 | ||
Liver and biliary tract | 527 | ||
Spleen | 527 | ||
Abdominal regions | 527 | ||
Palpation | 527 | ||
Hernias | 529 | ||
Chewing and swallowing | 530 | ||
The urogenital system | 530 | ||
Introduction | 530 | ||
Development of the urinary system | 531 | ||
Urinary system | 531 | ||
The urinary system | 532 | ||
Kidneys and ureters | 532 | ||
Bladder | 532 | ||
Urethra | 533 | ||
Micturition | 535 | ||
Development of genital system | 535 | ||
Descent of the gonads | 535 | ||
Female reproductive system | 535 | ||
Ovaries and uterine tubes | 536 | ||
Uterus | 537 | ||
Pregnancy | 539 | ||
Vagina | 539 | ||
The endocrine system | 540 | ||
Glands | 540 | ||
Pituitary gland | 540 | ||
Thyroid gland | 540 | ||
Parathyroid glands | 541 | ||
Adrenal glands | 541 | ||
Islets of Langerhans | 541 | ||
Gonads | 541 | ||
Hypothalamus | 541 | ||
Thymus | 541 | ||
Pineal gland | 542 | ||
Part 5: Head and brain | 543 | ||
Bones | 543 | ||
Introduction | 543 | ||
The skull | 544 | ||
Growth of the skull | 545 | ||
The skull viewed anteriorly | 545 | ||
The skull viewed from the lateral side | 545 | ||
The skull viewed inferiorly | 546 | ||
Palpation | 548 | ||
The mandible | 548 | ||
Palpation | 549 | ||
The hyoid bone | 549 | ||
Ossification | 549 | ||
Palpation | 550 | ||
Muscles | 550 | ||
Muscles which change the shape of the face | 550 | ||
Movements of the eyebrows | 550 | ||
Occipitofrontalis | 550 | ||
Corrugator supercilii | 551 | ||
Procerus | 551 | ||
Muscles around the eye | 551 | ||
Orbicularis oculi | 551 | ||
Muscles around the nose | 552 | ||
Muscles around the mouth | 552 | ||
Orbicularis oris | 552 | ||
Buccinator | 552 | ||
Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi | 552 | ||
Levator labii superioris | 553 | ||
Zygomaticus major and minor | 553 | ||
Levator anguli oris | 553 | ||
Depressor anguli oris and depressor labii inferioris | 553 | ||
Risorius and mentalis | 553 | ||
Muscles moving the mandible | 553 | ||
Muscles elevating the mandible | 554 | ||
Masseter | 554 | ||
Medial pterygoid | 555 | ||
Muscles retracting the mandible | 555 | ||
Temporalis | 555 | ||
Muscles protracting the mandible | 555 | ||
Lateral pterygoid | 555 | ||
Muscles depressing the mandible | 556 | ||
Digastric | 556 | ||
Mylohyoid | 556 | ||
Geniohyoid | 556 | ||
Platysma | 557 | ||
Muscles depressing the hyoid bone | 557 | ||
Sternohyoid | 557 | ||
Sternothyroid | 557 | ||
Thyrohyoid | 558 | ||
Omohyoid | 558 | ||
Muscles elevating the hyoid bone | 558 | ||
Stylohyoid | 558 | ||
Mastication and swallowing (deglutition) | 558 | ||
Application | 559 | ||
Joints | 559 | ||
The temporomandibular joint | 559 | ||
Introduction | 559 | ||
Articular surfaces | 560 | ||
Joint capsule and synovial membrane | 561 | ||
Ligaments | 562 | ||
Blood and nerve supply | 562 | ||
Relations | 562 | ||
Stability | 562 | ||
Movements | 563 | ||
Surface marking and palpation | 564 | ||
The ear, eye and brain | 565 | ||
The ear | 565 | ||
Development | 565 | ||
Components of the ear | 565 | ||
External ear | 565 | ||
Middle ear | 566 | ||
Internal ear | 567 | ||
The eye | 568 | ||
Development | 568 | ||
The eyeball | 568 | ||
Outer fibrous layer | 568 | ||
Middle vascular layer | 569 | ||
Refracting media | 570 | ||
Inner nervous layer | 571 | ||
Movements of the eyeball | 571 | ||
The brain | 572 | ||
Introduction | 572 | ||
Glial cells | 573 | ||
Development | 573 | ||
Nomenclature | 576 | ||
Adult morphology | 576 | ||
Cranial nerves | 581 | ||
Nerve root sheaths | 584 | ||
Internal structure of the brain | 584 | ||
The meninges | 584 | ||
Cerebrospinal fluid | 585 | ||
Venous drainage and dural venous sinuses | 589 | ||
Index | 593 |