Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
This compact guide has been written to assist those who often see in their practices the early symptoms and signs of neurological disorders — primary health care physicians, family physicians, rural doctors and isolated practitioners. The text is a useful aid in the diagnosis of neurological disorders such as epilepsy, stroke and Parkinson’s disease which typically are first seen by GPs, and addresses the majority of common disorders encountered in general practice.
Neurology for GPs will also assist with the management of ongoing complications at a primary care level with chapters structured around clinical management — history, examination, investigation and treatment, together with clinical examples and explanations.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front cover | cover | ||
| Neurology for General Practitioners | i | ||
| Copyright page | iv | ||
| Table of Contents | v | ||
| Foreword | vii | ||
| Preface | ix | ||
| The author | x | ||
| Reviewers | x | ||
| Acknowledgements | xi | ||
| 1 The neurological diagnostic consultation | 1 | ||
| Introduction | 1 | ||
| History | 1 | ||
| Examination | 3 | ||
| 2 The neurological examination: | 5 | ||
| Higher centre function testing | 5 | ||
| 3 The neurological examination: | 11 | ||
| CN I (olfactory nerve) | 11 | ||
| CN II (optic nerve) | 11 | ||
| CN III, IV, VI (oculo-motor, trochlear and abduscens nerves) | 18 | ||
| CN V (trigeminal nerve) | 20 | ||
| CN VII (facial nerve) | 22 | ||
| CN VIII (vestibular cochlear nerve) | 22 | ||
| CN IX, X, XI (GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL, vagus and accessory nerves) | 23 | ||
| CN XII (HYPOGLOSSAL nerve) | 24 | ||
| 4 The neurological examination: | 26 | ||
| Observation and inspection | 27 | ||
| Tone | 27 | ||
| Power | 28 | ||
| Reflexes | 31 | ||
| Sensation | 34 | ||
| Coordination | 35 | ||
| Gait | 36 | ||
| 5 Non-organic neurological diseases | 37 | ||
| Introduction | 37 | ||
| Observation | 38 | ||
| History | 38 | ||
| Examination | 39 | ||
| Conclusion | 44 | ||
| Further reading | 45 | ||
| 6 Headache | 46 | ||
| Introduction | 46 | ||
| Broad-Brushed Clinical Approach | 46 | ||
| Differentiating tension-type headache from migraine | 47 | ||
| Red Flags for the Need for Further Investigation | 49 | ||
| Diagnostic Criteria | 50 | ||
| a Tension-type headache | 50 | ||
| b Migraine | 51 | ||
| c Symptomatic headaches | 51 | ||
| d Other headache types | 52 | ||
| Management | 53 | ||
| Conclusion | 55 | ||
| References | 55 | ||
| 7 Epilepsy | 56 | ||
| Introduction | 56 | ||
| Diagnosis of Epilepsy | 57 | ||
| Investigation of the Patient with Epilepsy | 61 | ||
| a Electroencephalograph | 61 | ||
| b Cerebral imaging | 61 | ||
| c Additional tests | 62 | ||
| Differential Diagnosis | 62 | ||
| Treating the Seizures | 64 | ||
| Prescribing Tegretol® or Epilim® | 65 | ||
| Treating the Epilepsy | 67 | ||
| Psychosocial Issues | 68 | ||
| Therapeutic drug monitoring | 69 | ||
| Reflex epilepsy | 69 | ||
| Conclusion | 70 | ||
| References | 70 | ||
| Further reading | 71 | ||
| 8 Vertigo | 72 | ||
| Introduction | 72 | ||
| Taking the History | 73 | ||
| Examination | 75 | ||
| Investigations | 76 | ||
| Treatment | 78 | ||
| Conclusion | 80 | ||
| References | 80 | ||
| 9 Parkinson’s disease | 81 | ||
| Introduction | 81 | ||
| Making the Diagnosis | 82 | ||
| Taking a History | 83 | ||
| Examination | 84 | ||
| Differential Diagnosis | 87 | ||
| Treatment | 87 | ||
| a Levodopa | 87 | ||
| b Selegiline | 89 | ||
| c Dopamine agonists | 89 | ||
| d COMT inhibitors | 91 | ||
| Other Medications | 91 | ||
| Conclusion | 92 | ||
| References | 93 | ||
| 10 Multiple sclerosis | 95 | ||
| Introduction | 95 | ||
| Diagnosing MS | 97 | ||
| Types of MS | 100 | ||
| Symptoms and Signs of MS | 102 | ||
| Treatment of MS | 104 | ||
| Treating relapses | 104 | ||
| Long-term disease modification | 104 | ||
| Symptomatic relief | 105 | ||
| Counselling | 106 | ||
| Conclusion | 107 | ||
| References | 107 | ||
| Further reading | 108 | ||
| 11 Peripheral neuropathy | 109 | ||
| Introduction | 109 | ||
| The Nature of Nerve Damage | 110 | ||
| Causes of Nerve Damage | 112 | ||
| Diagnosis of Nerve Damage | 115 | ||
| a History | 115 | ||
| b Examination | 116 | ||
| c Investigations | 117 | ||
| Focal Neuropathies | 117 | ||
| Nutritionally Induced Neuropathies | 121 | ||
| Illness Associated with Peripheral Neuropathies | 122 | ||
| Inflammatory Neuropathies | 123 | ||
| Other Considerations | 123 | ||
| Conclusion | 123 | ||
| References | 124 | ||
| Further reading | 125 | ||
| 12 The neurology of sleep | 126 | ||
| Introduction | 126 | ||
| What is Sleep Medicine? | 127 | ||
| Where to Start? | 127 | ||
| Taking a History | 128 | ||
| Examination | 129 | ||
| Sleep Apnoea | 129 | ||
| Insomnia | 131 | ||
| Somnambulism | 132 | ||
| Night Terrors | 132 | ||
| Narcolepsy | 133 | ||
| REM Behaviour Disorder (RBD) | 134 | ||
| Conclusion | 134 | ||
| References | 135 | ||
| 13 Pain | 136 | ||
| History | 137 | ||
| Reflex sympathetic dystrophy or complex regional pain syndrome | 140 | ||
| Spinal pain | 140 | ||
| Trigeminal neuralgia | 145 | ||
| Temporomandibular joint dysfunction | 145 | ||
| Atypical facial pain | 146 | ||
| Post-herpetic neuralgia | 146 | ||
| Conclusion | 146 | ||
| References | 147 | ||
| 14 Stroke | 149 | ||
| Introduction | 149 | ||
| Atherosclerosis | 149 | ||
| Cardiac causes | 150 | ||
| Carotid artery disease | 151 | ||
| Hyperlipidemia | 151 | ||
| Transient ischaemic attacks (TIAs) | 152 | ||
| Diagnosis of stroke | 152 | ||
| Lifestyle issues | 153 | ||
| Patient assessment | 155 | ||
| Medical treatment of stroke | 155 | ||
| a Antiplatelet agents | 155 | ||
| b Statins | 156 | ||
| c Antihypertensives | 157 | ||
| d Other medications | 157 | ||
| Conclusion | 157 | ||
| References | 158 | ||
| 15 Dementia | 160 | ||
| Introduction | 160 | ||
| History | 161 | ||
| Examination | 163 | ||
| Investigations | 164 | ||
| Specific Dementias | 166 | ||
| a Alzheimer’s disease | 166 | ||
| b Fronto-temporal dementia | 167 | ||
| c Dementia with Lewy bodies | 168 | ||
| d Other dementias | 168 | ||
| Role of the General Practitioner | 169 | ||
| References | 169 | ||
| 16 Muscles | 171 | ||
| Introduction | 171 | ||
| Neuromuscular Junction | 173 | ||
| a Myasthenia gravis | 173 | ||
| b Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS) | 176 | ||
| c Botulism | 176 | ||
| Myopathies | 177 | ||
| Congenital Myopathies | 179 | ||
| a Muscular dystrophies | 179 | ||
| Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophies | 179 | ||
| Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy | 179 | ||
| Facioscapulohumeral dystrophy and scapuloperoneal dystrophy | 179 | ||
| Limb girdle dystrophies | 180 | ||
| b Mitochondrial myopathies | 180 | ||
| c Myotonias | 180 | ||
| Acquired Myopathies | 182 | ||
| a Inflammatory myopathies | 182 | ||
| Polymyositis | 182 | ||
| Dermatomyositis | 182 | ||
| Inclusion body myositis | 183 | ||
| b Metabolic myopathies | 183 | ||
| c Electrolyte induced myopathies | 184 | ||
| d Myopathies associated with drugs and toxins | 184 | ||
| Conclusion | 185 | ||
| References | 186 | ||
| Index | 187 |