Menu Expand
Havard's Nursing Guide to Drugs

Havard's Nursing Guide to Drugs

Adriana P. Tiziani

(2010)

Additional Information

Book Details

Abstract

Havard’s Nursing Guide to Drugs 8e is an essential resource for all nursing students and practitioners. The information presented in this user-friendly guide can be accessed either by therapeutic class or by system. Each section is introduced by a clear description, followed by the A–Z of drugs within the given therapeutic class. It includes the action, use and dosage of each drug as well as important nursing points and nursing cautions. This comprehensive guide includes both trade and generic drug names for the reader’s ease of use.  As with previous editions of Havard’s Nursing Guide to Drugs each drug is independently reviewed with obsolete drugs being removed and new drugs added. Each existing drug is also independently examined so as to ensure that its use, doses, side effects, contraindication and precautions comply with that of the Therapeutic Goods Association (TGA).

  • slotted lift out card contains calculation formulae and selected abbreviations
  • pocket-sized format for greater portability
  • systematic update of all drugs throughout the book
  • available forms will be added to each drug entry
  • new Appendix for Normal Blood Values will be included with the eighth edition

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Front Cover\r Cover
IFC\r I
Nursing Guideto Drugs i
Front Cover\r ii
Contents iii
PREFACES vi
INTRODUCTION viii
REVIEWERS xxii
Chapter 1\rANALGESICS,NON-STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS (NSAIDs) AND DISEASE-MODIFYING ANTIRHEUMATIC DRUGS (DMARDs) 1
ANALGESICS AND NON-STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORYDRUGS (NSAIDs) 1
DISEASE-MODIFYING ANTIRHEUMATIC DRUGS (DMARDs) 14
Chapter 2\rANORECTICS AND WEIGHT LOSS AGENTS 28
PHENTERMINE (Duromine) 28
SIBUTRAMINE (Reductil) 29
ORLISTAT (Xenical) 30
Chapter 3\rANTACIDS 31
Chapter 4\rANTHELMINTICS 33
ALBENDAZOLE (Eskazole, Zentel) 33
IVERMECTIN (Stromectol) 34
MEBENDAZOLE (Combantrin-1 with Mebendazole, Combantrin-1 with Mebendazole Chocolate Squares, DeWorm Chewable Tablets, Ridworm, Vermox) 35
PRAZIQUANTEL (Biltricide) 35
PYRANTEL (Anthel, Combantrin Chocolate Squares, Combantrin Suspension, Early Bird) 36
Chapter 5\rANTI-ALZHEIMER’S AGENTS 37
DONEPEZIL (Aricept) 37
GALANTAMINE (Reminyl) 37
MEMANTINE (Ebixa) 38
RIVASTIGMINE (Exelon, Exelon Patch) 39
Chapter 6\rANTIANGINAL AGENTS 40
AMLODIPINE (Amlo, Perivasc, Norvasc, Ozlodip) 40
DILTIAZEM (Cardizem, Cardizem CD, Coras, Diltahexal, Diltazem CD, Dilzem, Dilzem CD, Vasocardol, Vasocardol CD) 40
GLYCERYL TRINITRATE TABLETS (known as nitroglycerin in USA) (Anginine, Lycinate, Nitrostat) 41
GLYCERYL TRINITRATE SUBLINGUAL AEROSOL (known as nitroglycerin in USA) (Nitrolingual Pump Spray) 42
GLYCERYL TRINITRATE PATCH (known as nitroglycerin in USA) (Minitran, Nitro-Dur, Transiderm-Nitro) 43
GLYCERYL TRINITRATE IV SOLUTION (known as nitroglycerin in USA) (Glyceryl Trinitrate for Injection) 43
ISOSORBIDE MONONITRATE, ISOSORBIDE DINITRATE (Duride, Imdur Durules, Imtrate SR, Isomonit, Isordil, Monodur Durules, Sorbidin) 44
IVABRADINE (Coralan) 45
NICORANDIL (Ikorel) 46
NIFEDIPINE (Adalat, Adalat Oros, Addos XR, Adefin, Adefin XL, Nifehexal, Nyefax) 47
PERHEXILINE (Pexsig) 47
Chapter 7\rANTIANXIETY AGENTS 49
ALPRAZOLAM (Alprax, Alprazolam-DP, Kalma, Xanax, Zamhexal) 51
BROMAZEPAM (Lexotan) 51
BUSPIRONE (Buspar) 51
CLOBAZAM (Frisium) 52
DIAZEPAM (Antenex, Diazepam DP, Diazepam Elixir, Diazepam Injection, Ducene, Ranzepam, Valium, Valpam) 53
LORAZEPAM (Ativan) 54
OXAZEPAM (Alepam, Murelax, Serepax) 54
Chapter 8\rANTIARRHYTHMIC AGENTS 55
ADENOSINE (Adenocor, Adenoscan) 55
AMIODARONE (Aratac, Cardinorm, Cordarone X, Rithmik) 56
DISOPYRAMIDE (Rythmodan) 57
FLECAINIDE (Flecatab, Tambocor) 59
LIGNOCAINE (known as lidocaine in the USA) (Lignocaine Hydrochloride Injection, Xylocard) 60
MEXILETINE (Mexitil) 61
PHENYTOIN (Phenytoin Injection BP) 62
SOTALOL (Cardol, Solavert, Sotacor, Sohexal) 62
VERAPAMIL (Anpec, Anpec SR, Cordilox SR, Isoptin preparations, Veracaps SR) 64
Chapter 9\rANTIASTHMA AGENTS AND BRONCHODILATORS 66
BRONCHODILATORS (BETA-2-ADRENOCEPTOR AGONISTS[ALSO CALLED BETA-2-AGONISTS]) 67
ANTICHOLINERGIC (ANTIMUSCARINIC) AGENTS 74
XANTHINES 76
PROPHYLACTIC AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS 78
Chapter 10\rANTIBACTERIAL AGENTS 84
PENICILLINS, CEFALOSPORINS AND RELATEDBETA-LACTAMS 87
AMINOGLYCOSIDES 105
TETRACYCLINES 108
SULFONAMIDES AND TRIMETHOPRIM 111
GLYCOPEPTIDES 114
QUINOLONES (ALSO KNOWN ASFLUOROQUINOLONES) 117
MACROLIDES 120
OTHER ANTIBIOTICS 124
Chapter 11\rANTICOAGULANTAND ANTITHROMBOTIC AGENTS 133
LOW-MOLECULAR-WEIGHT HEPARINS 135
ORAL ANTICOAGULANTS 139
OTHER RELATED COMPOUNDS 142
Chapter 12\rANTIDEPRESSANTS 147
TRICYCLIC AND RELATED ANTIDEPRESSANTS (TCAs) 148
MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS (MAOIs) 152
REVERSIBLE INHIBITORS OF MONOAMINE OXIDASETYPE A (RIMAs) 155
SELECTIVE SEROTONIN REUPTAKE INHIBITORS (SSRIs) 156
SEROTONIN AND NORADRENALINE REUPTAKEINHIBITORS (SNRIs) 159
ATYPICAL ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENTS 162
Chapter 13\rANTIDIABETIC AGENTS 165
INSULINS 166
ORAL HYPOGLYCAEMIC AGENTS 172
Chapter 14\rANTIDIARRHOEAL AGENTS 181
DIPHENOXYLATE 181
KAOLIN (Kaolin Mixture) 182
LOPERAMIDE (Diacare, Diareze, Gastro-Stop, Harmonise, Imodium, Lopedium, Negastro) 182
Chapter 15\rANTIDOTES, ANTAGONISTS AND CHELATING AGENTS 183
ACETYLCYSTEINE (Parvolex) 183
ALUMINIUM HYDROXIDE (Alu-Tab) 184
ATROPINE SULFATE (Atropine Injection BP, Atropine Sulfate Injection BP) 184
BETAINE (Cystadane) 185
CALCIUM FOLINATE (Leucovorin Calcium Injection and Tablets) 185
CHARCOAL, ACTIVATED (Carbosorb X) 186
CYSTEAMINE (Cystagon) 187
DEFERASIROX (Exjade) 187
DEFERIPRONE (Ferriprox) 188
DESFERRIOXAMINE (Desferal, Desferrioxamine Mesylate for Injection BP) 189
DEXTRAN 1 (Promit) 191
DICOBALT EDETATE (Dicobalt Edetate Injection) 191
DIGOXIN IMMUNE FAB (Digibind) 191
ETHANOL (Dehydrated Alcohol) 192
FLUMAZENIL (Anexate) 193
GLUCAGON (GlucaGen) 194
GLUCOSE 50% 195
LANTHANUM (Fosrenol) 195
MESNA (Uromitexan) 196
METHYLENE BLUE (Methylene Blue Sterile Injection 1%) 196
NALOXONE (Naloxone Hydrochloride Injection) 197
PENICILLAMINE (D-Penamine) 198
PRALIDOXIME (Pralidoxime Iodide Injection) 199
PROTAMINE SULFATE (Protamine SulphateInjection BP) 200
SEVELAMER (Renagel) 200
SODIUM CALCIUM EDETATE (CALCIUM DISODIUM EDETATE) (Calcium Disodium Versenate) 201
SODIUM NITRITE 202
SODIUM POLYSTYRENE SULFONATE (Resonium A) 202
SODIUM THIOSULFATE (Sodium Thiosulfate Injection) 203
VITAMIN K (PHYTOMENADIONE) (VITAMIN K1) (Konakion) 204
Chapter 16\rANTIEMETIC AGENTS 205
OTHER ANTIEMETICS 211
Chapter 17\r ANTIEPILEPTICS 212
ACETAZOLAMIDE (Diamox) 213
CARBAMAZEPINE (Tegretol,Teril) 213
CLONAZEPAM (Paxam, Rivotril) 215
ETHOSUXIMIDE (Zarontin) 216
GABAPENTIN (Gabahexal,Gabaran, Gabatine, Gantin,Neurontin, Nupentin, Pendine) 217
LAMOTRIGINE (Elmendos,Lamictal, Lamidus, Lamitrin,Lamogine, Seaze) 218
LEVETIRACETAM (Keppra IVInfusion, Keppra Oral) 218
OXCARBAZEPINE (Trileptal) 219
PHENOBARBITONE(Phenobarbitone Elixir 15 mg/5mL, Phenobarbitone Injection,Phenobarbitone SodiumInjection, PhenobarbitoneTablets) 220
PHENYTOIN (Dilantin,Phenytoin Injection BP) 221
PREGABALIN (Lyrica) 223
PRIMIDONE (Mysoline) 224
SODIUM VALPROATE (Epilim,Valpro) 225
SULTHIAME (Ospolot) 226
TIAGABINE (Gabitril) 227
TOPIRAMATE (Topamax) 227
VIGABATRIN (Sabril) 228
Chapter 18\rANTIFUNGAL AGENTS 229
AMOROLFINE (Loceryl) 230
AMPHOTERICIN B (Abelcet,AmBisone, Fungilin, FungizoneIntravenous) 230
BIFONAZOLE (Canesten OnceDaily Bifonazole Cream 1%,Mycospor) 232
CASPOFUNGIN (Cancidas) 232
CLOTRIMAZOLE (Canestenpreparations, Clofeme Pessaries,Clonea, Clotreme AntifungalCream, Clozole Topical Cream,Clozole Vaginal Cream 10 mg/g &20 mg/g, Femizol Vaginal Cream,Hexal Clofeme 3 & 6 Day Cream,Topizol) 233
ECONAZOLE (Dermazole,Pevaryl Topical) 233
FLUCONAZOLE (Canesoral,Diflucan, Diflucan One,Di-Con One, Dizole, FluconazoleInjection for Intravenous Infusion,Fluzole, Ozole, Ozole 150 mg,Sandoz Flufeme) 234
FLUCYTOSINE (Ancotil) 235
GRISEOFULVIN (Grisovin) 236
ITRACONAZOLE (SporanoxCapsules, Sporanox OralSolution) 236
KETOCONAZOLE (DaktaGOLD,Hexal Konazol 2% Shampoo,Nizoral preparations, SebizoleShampoo) 238
MICONAZOLE (Daktarinpreparations, Eulactol AntifungalSpray, Hair Science Anti-DandruffShampoo, Resolve preparations) 240
NYSTATIN (Mycostatin OralDrops, Mycostatin Topical, NilstatOral, Nilstat Oral Drops, NilstatVaginal, N-Statin Oral Drops) 241
POSACONAZOLE (Noxafil OralSuspension) 241
TERBINAFINE (Lamisilpreparations, SolvEasy TineaCream, Tamsil, Terbihexal, Zabel) 242
VORICONAZOLE (Vfend) 243
Chapter 19\rANTIGOUT ANDURICOLYTIC AGENTS 245
ALLOPURINOL (Allohexal,Allosig, Progout, Zyloprim) 245
COLCHICINE (Colgout, Lengout) 246
PROBENECID (Pro-Cid) 247
RASBURICASE (Fasturtec) 248
Chapter 20\rANTIHISTAMINES 249
ANTAZOLINE 250
BROMPHENIRAMINE 250
CETIRIZINE (Alzene, ZepAllergy,Zilarax, Zodac, Zyrtec) 250
CHLORPHENIRAMINE 250
CYPROHEPTADINE (Periactin) 250
DESLORATADINE (Aerius,Claramax) 251
DEXCHLORPHENIRAMINE(Polaramine) 251
DIMENHYDRINATE(Dramamine) 251
DIPHENHYDRAMINE (SnuzaidGels, Snuzaid Tabs, UnisomSleepgels) 252
DOXYLAMINE (Dozile, Restavit) 252
FEXOFENADINE (Fexal,Fexotabs, Tefodine, Telfast,Xergic) 252
LEVOCABASTINE (Livostin EyeDrops, Livostin Nasal Spray) 253
LEVOCETIRIZINE (Xyzal) 253
PHENIRAMINE (Avil) 253
PROMETHAZINE (Avomine,DBL PromethazineHydrochloride Injection, GoldCross Antihistamine Elixir,Phenergan, Phenergan Injection,Sandoz Fenezal) 254
TRIMEPRAZINE (Vallergan) 255
TRIPROLIDINE 255
Chapter 21 ANTIHYPERTENSIVE\rAGENTS 256
ALPHA-ADRENOCEPTOR-BLOCKING AGENTS 257
ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME (ACE) INHIBITORS 260
ANGIOTENSIN-II-RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS 265
BETA-ADRENOCEPTOR-BLOCKING AGENTS 267
CALCIUM-CHANNEL BLOCKERS 274
CENTRALLY ACTING AGENTS 278
DIRECT-ACTING VASODILATORS 280
Chapter 22\rANTIMALARIAL AGENTS 285
ARTEMETHER ANDLUMEFANTRINE (Riamet) 286
DOXYCYCLINE (Doryx, Doxsig,Doxy Tablets, Doxylin, DoxyhexalTablets, Frakas, Vibramycin) 287
HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE(Plaquenil) 287
MEFLOQUINE (Lariam) 288
PRIMAQUINE (Primacin) 289
PROGUANIL (Paludrine) 290
PYRIMETHAMINE WITHSULFADOXINE (Fansidar) 290
QUININE (Quinate, Quinbisul,Quinine Dihydrochloride 6%,Quinsul) 291
Chapter 23\rANTIMIGRAINE AGENTS 294
CLONIDINE (Catapres 100) 294
CYPROHEPTADINE (Periactin) 295
DICLOFENAC (Voltaren Rapid,Voltfast) 295
DIHYDROERGOTAMINE(Dihydergot) 295
ERGOTAMINE 296
IBUPROFEN (Nurofen LiquidCapsules, Nurofen Migraine Pain) 297
METHYSERGIDE (Deseril) 297
NAPROXEN (Anaprox, Crysanal,Naprosyn Preparations) 298
NARATRIPTAN (Naramig) 298
PROPRANOLOL (Deralin,Inderal) 299
PIZOTIFEN (Sandomigran) 299
SUMATRIPTAN (Imigran,Imigran FDT, Imigran Mk IIInjection, Sumagran 50, Sumatab,Suvalan) 299
TOPIRAMATE (Topamax) 300
ZOLMITRIPTAN (Zomig) 301
Chapter 24\r ANTIMYCOBACTERIALAGENTS 302
CAPREOMYCIN (Capastat) 303
CLOFAZIMINE (Lamprene) 303
CYCLOSERINE 304
DAPSONE 305
ETHAMBUTOL (Myambutol) 306
ISONIAZID 306
RIFABUTIN (Mycobutin) 308
RIFAMPICIN (Rifadin, Rimycin) 308
THALIDOMIDE (ThalidomidePharmion) 310
Chapter 25\rANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS 312
ALEMTUZUMAB (MabCampath) 315
AMINOGLUTETHIMIDE(Cytadren) 316
ANAGRELIDE (Agrylin) 316
ANASTROZOLE (Arimidex) 316
BCG (NON-VACCINE)(ImmuCyst, OncoTICE) 317
BEVACIZUMAB (Avastin) 317
BICALUTAMIDE(Apo-Bicalutamide, Calutex,Cosamide, Cosudex, Cosudex150) 318
BLEOMYCIN (Blenamax,Blenoxane) 318
BORTEZOMIB (Velcade) 319
BUSULFAN (Busulfex, Myleran) 319
CAPECITABINE (Xeloda) 319
CARBOPLATIN (CarboplatinEbewe, Carboplatin Injection) 320
CARMUSTINE (BiCNU, GliadelImplant) 320
CETUXIMAB (RMC) (Erbitux,Erbitux 5 mg/mL) 320
CHLORAMBUCIL (Leukeran) 321
CISPLATIN (Cisplatin Ebewe,Cisplatin Injection) 321
CLADRIBINE (Leustatin, Litak) 321
COLASPASE (Leunase) 321
CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE(Cycloblastin, Endoxan) 322
CYPROTERONE (Androcur,Androcur-100, Cyprohexal,Cyprone, Cyprostat-50,Cyprostat-100, Procur,Procur-100) 323
CYTARABINE (CytarabineInjection) 323
DACARBAZINE (DacarbazineFor Injection) 323
DACTINOMYCIN (Cosmegen) 323
DASATINIB (Sprycel) 324
DAUNORUBICIN (DaunorubicinInjection) 324
DOCETAXEL (Taxotere) 325
DOXORUBICIN (Adriamycin,Caelyx, Doxorubicin Ebewe) 325
EPIRUBICIN (Epirubicin Ebewe,Pharmorubicin) 326
ERLOTINIB (Tarceva) 326
ETOPOSIDE (Etopophos,Etoposide Ebewe, EtoposideInjection, Vepesid) 327
EXEMESTANE (Aromasin) 327
FLUDARABINE (Fludara,Fludarabine Ebewe) 327
FLUOROURACIL (Efudix,Fluorouracil Ebewe, FluorouracilInjection BP) 328
FLUTAMIDE (Eulexin, Flutamin) 328
FOTEMUSTINE (Muphoran) 328
GEFITINIB (Iressa) 329
GEMCITABINE (Gemzar) 329
GOSERELIN (Zoladex 3.6 mgImplant, Zoladex 10.8 mgImplant) 329
HYDROXYUREA (Hydrea) 330
IDARUBICIN (Zavedos) 330
IFOSFAMIDE (Holoxan) 330
IMATINIB (Glivec) 331
IRINOTECAN (Camptosar) 331
LAPATINIB (Tykerb) 332
LETROZOLE (Femara) 332
LEUPRORELIN (Eligard,Lucrin, Lucrin Depot PrefilledDual Chamber Syringe (PDS)Injection) 332
LOMUSTINE (CeeNU) 332
MEGESTROL (Megace) 333
MELPHALAN (Alkeran, AlkeranInjection) 333
MERCAPTOPURINE(Puri-Nethol) 333
METHOTREXATE (Methoblastin,Methotrexate Ebewe) 333
METHYL AMINOLEVULINATEHYDROCHLORIDE (Metvix) 334
MITOMYCIN (Mitomycin CKyowa) 334
MITOZANTRONE (DBLMitoxantrone HydrochlorideInjection Concentrate,Mitozantrone Ebewe,Novantrone, Onkotrone) 335
NILOTINIB (Tasigna) 335
NILUTAMIDE (Anandron) 335
OXALIPLATIN (Eloxatin,Oxalatin, Oxaliplatin Ebewe) 336
PACLITAXEL (Abraxane,Anzatax Injection Concentrate,Paclitaxel Ebewe, Taxol) 336
PANITUMUMAB (Vectibix) 337
PEMETREXED (Alimta) 337
PROCARBAZINE (Natulan) 337
RALTITREXED (Tomudex) 337
RITUXIMAB (Mabthera) 338
SORAFENIB (Nexavar) 338
SUNITINIB (Sutent) 338
TAMOXIFEN (Genox,Nolvadex, Nolvadex-D, Tamosin,Tamoxen-20) 339
TEMOZOLOMIDE (Temodal) 339
TENIPOSIDE (Vumon) 339
THALIDOMIDE (ThalidomidePharmion 340
THIOGUANINE (Lanvis) 340
THIOTEPA 340
TOPOTECAN (Hycamtin) 340
TOREMIFENE (Fareston) 340
TRASTUZUMAB (Herceptin) 341
TRETINOIN (Vesanoid) 341
VINBLASTINE (VinblastineInjection) 341
VINCRISTINE (VincristineSulfate Injection) 342
VINORELBINE (Navelbine,Navelbine Oral, VinorelbineEbewe) 342
Chapter 26\rANTINEOPLASTICSUPPORT AGENTS 343
AMIFOSTINE (Ethyol) 343
LEVAMISOLE (Ergamisol) 344
PEGFILGRASTIM (Neulasta) 344
FILGRASTIM (Neupogen) 345
LENOGRASTIM (Granocyte) 347
Chapter 27\rANTI-PARKINSON’S AGENTS 348
ANTICHOLINERGIC ANTI-PARKINSON’S AGENTS 348
CATECHOL-O-METHYL TRANSFERASE (COMT) INHIBITORS 351
DOPAMINE AGONISTS 352
MONOAMINE OXIDASE TYPE B ENZYME (MAO-B) INHIBITORS 360
Chapter 28\rANTIPLATELET AGENTS 362
ASPIRIN (Aspro, Astrix 100,Astrix Tablets, Cardiprin 100,Cartia, DBL Aspirin, Disprin,Solprin) 362
ABCIXIMAB (ReoPro) 362
CLOPIDOGREL (Iscover, Plavix) 363
DIPYRIDAMOLE (Persantin,Persantin SR) 364
EPTIFIBATIDE (Integrilin) 365
TICLOPIDINE (Tilodene) 366
TIROFIBAN (Aggrastat) 367
Chapter 29\rANTIPROTOZOAL AGENTS 368
ATOVAQUONE (WellvoneSuspension) 368
METRONIDAZOLE (Flagyl,Flagyl S Suspension, Metrogyl,Metronidazole Gel, MetronidazoleIntravenous Infusion, Metronide,Rozex Cream and Gel) 368
PENTAMIDINE (PentamidineIsethionate for Injection) 370
TINIDAZOLE (Fasigyn,Simplotan) 371
Chapter 30\rANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS 372
AMISULPRIDE (Amipride 400,Solian) 374
ARIPIPRAZOLE (Abilify) 375
CARBAMAZEPINE (Tegretol,Tegretol-CR, Teril) 375
CHLORPROMAZINE(Chlorpromazine Mixture,Chlorpromazine Mixture Forte,Largactil) 376
CLOZAPINE (Clopine, CloSyn,Clozaril) 377
DROPERIDOL (Droleptan) 379
FLUPENTHIXOL (Fluanxol) 379
FLUPHENAZINE (Modecate) 380
HALOPERIDOL (HaldolDecanoate, Serenace) 381
LITHIUM CARBONATE(Lithicarb, Quilonum SR) 382
OLANZAPINE (Zyprexa,Zyprexa IM, Zyprexa ZydisWafers) 384
PERICYAZINE (Neulactil) 385
QUETIAPINE (Seroquel,Seroquel XR) 385
RISPERIDONE (Rispa, Risperdal,Risperdal Consta, Rixadone) 386
SODIUM VALPROATE (Epilim,Valpro) 387
TRIFLUOPERAZINE (Stelazine) 387
ZIPRASIDONE (Zeldox) 388
ZUCLOPENTHIXOL (ClopixolAcuphase, Clopixol, ClopixolDepot) 388
Chapter 31\rANTIULCER AGENTS 390
HISTAMINE H2-RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS 390
PROSTAGLANDIN ANALOGUES 393
PROTON-PUMP INHIBITORS 393
MUCOSAL STRENGTHENERS 397
Chapter 32\rANTIVIRAL AGENTS 398
ABACAVIR (Ziagen) 399
ACICLOVIR (Acihexal, AcihexalCream, Acivir Cold SoreCream, Acyclo-V, Blistex AntiviralCold Sore Cream, Lovir, LovirCold Sore Cream, Ozvir, ZoviraxCold Sore Cream, ZoviraxOphthalmic Ointment, ZoviraxTablets, Zyclir tablets) 400
ADEFOVIR (Hepsera) 401
AMANTADINE (Symmetrel) 401
AMPRENAVIR (Agenerase) 402
ATAZANAVIR (Reyataz) 403
CIDOFOVIR (Vistide) 403
DARUNAVIR (Prezista) 404
DELAVIRDINE (Rescriptor) 405
DIDANOSINE (Videx EC) 405
EFAVIRENZ (Stocrin) 406
EMTRICITABINE (Emtriva) 406
ENFUVIRTIDE (Fuzeon) 407
ENTECAVIR (Baraclude) 407
FAMCICLOVIR (Famvir) 408
FOSAMPRENAVIR (Telzir) 408
FOSCARNET (Foscavir) 409
GANCICLOVIR (Cymevene,Vitrasert Implant) 410
IDOXURIDINE 412
INDINAVIR (Crixivan) 412
LAMIVUDINE (3TC, Zeffix) 412
MARAVIROC (Celsentri) 413
NEVIRAPINE (Viramune) 413
OSELTAMIVIR (Tamiflu) 414
RALTEGRAVIR (Isentress) 414
RIBAVIRIN (Virazide) 415
RITONAVIR (Norvir) 415
SAQUINAVIR (Invirase) 416
STAVUDINE (Zerit) 417
TELBIVUDINE (Sebivo) 417
TENOFOVIR (Viread) 418
TIPRANAVIR (Aptivus) 418
VALACICLOVIR (Valtrex) 419
VALGANCICLOVIR (Valcyte) 419
ZANAMIVIR (Relenza) 420
ZIDOVUDINE (formerlyAzidothymidine or AZT)(Retrovir Capsules and Syrup) 420
Chapter 33\rBLADDER FUNCTIONDISORDER AGENTS 422
BETHANECHOL (Urocarb) 422
DARIFENACIN (Enablex) 423
NEOSTIGMINE (NeostigmineInjection BP) 423
OXYBUTYNIN (Ditropan,Oxytrol Transdermal System) 424
PENTOSAN (Elmiron) 424
PHENOXYBENZAMINE(Dibenyline, Dibenzyline) 425
PRAZOSIN (Minipress, Pressin) 425
SOLIFENACIN (Vesicare) 425
TAMSULOSIN (Flomaxtra) 426
TERAZOSIN (Hytrin) 426
TOLTERODINE (Detrusitol) 426
Chapter 34\rBONE- AND CALCIUMREGULATINGAGENTS 428
ALENDRONATE (Adronat,Alendro, Alendrobell, Fosamax,Ossmax) 429
CALCITONIN (SALCATONIN)(Miacalcic) 430
CALCIUM CHLORIDE (CalciumChloride Injection) 430
CALCITRIOL (Calcijex,Calcitriol-DP, Citrihexal, Kosteo,Rocaltrol, Sical) 431
CINACALCET (Sensipar) 432
DISODIUM ETIDRONATE(Didronel) 433
DISODIUM PAMIDRONATE(Aredia, Pamisol) 434
IBANDRONATE (Bondronat) 435
PARICALCITOL (Zemplar) 435
RALOXIFENE (Evista) 436
RISEDRONATE (Actonel, Actonel35 mg Once-A-Week) 437
SODIUM PHOSPHATE(Phosphate-Sandoz) 438
SODIUM CLODRONATE(Bonefos) 438
STRONTIUM (Protos) 439
TERIPARATIDE (Forteo) 439
TILUDRONATE (Skelid) 440
ZOLEDRONIC ACID (Aclasta,Zometa) 441
Chapter 35\rCARDIAC GLYCOSIDES 442
DIGOXIN (Lanoxin, Sigmaxin) 442
MILRINONE (PrimacorInjection) 444
Chapter 36\rCHOLINERGIC ANDANTICHOLINERGICAGENTS 446
CHOLINERGIC (PARASYMPATHOMIMETIC) AGENTS 446
ANTICHOLINERGIC AGENTS 448
Chapter 37\rCORTICOSTEROIDS 454
BECLOMETHASONE (BeconaseAllergy and Hayfever 12 Hour,Qvar) 458
BETAMETHASONE(Antroquoril, Betnovatepreparations, CelestoneChronodose, Celestone MCream and Ointment, Cortival,Diprosone, Diprosone OV,Eleuphrat) 458
BUDESONIDE (Budamax,Entocort, Pulmicort, Rhinocort,Rhinocort Hayfever) 458
CORTISONE ACETATE(Cortate) 459
DEXAMETHASONE(Dexmethsone, DexamethasoneSodium Phosphate Injection USP(DBL), Maxidex (Eye Drops)) 459
FLUDROCORTISONE (Florinef ) 459
FLUMETHASONE 459
FLUOROMETHOLONE (Flarex,Flucon, FML) 460
FLUTICASONE (Avamys,Beconase Allergy and Hayfever24 hour, Flixonase Nasule Drops,Flixotide) 460
HYDROCORTISONE (ColifoamRectal Foam, Cortaid, Cortef,Cortic-DS, Derm-Aid, Egocort,Hycor, Hysone, Sigmacort,Siguent Hycor Eye Ointment,Solu-Cortef) 460
METHYLPREDNISOLONE(Advantan, Depo-Medrol, Depo-Nisolone, Solu-Medrol) 461
MOMETASONE (Elocon,Nasonex Aqueous Nasal Spray,Novasone) 461
PREDNISOLONE (MinimsPrednisolone, Panafcortelone,Predmix Oral Solution,Predsol Retention Enema andSuppositories, Predsolone,Redipred Oral Liquid, Solone) 461
PREDNISONE (Panafcort,Predsone, Sone) 462
TRIAMCINOLONE (Aristocort,Kenacort-A 10, Kenacort-A 40,Kenalog in Orabase, Telnase,Tricortone) 462
Chapter 38\rCOUGH SUPPRESSANTS,EXPECTORANTS ANDMUCOLYTICS 463
ACETYLCYSTEINE (Mucomyst) 463
AMMONIUM CHLORIDE (NyalBronchitis Cough Medicine) 464
BROMHEXINE (Bisolvon ChestyForte Oral Liquid, BisolvonChesty Oral Liquid and Tablets,Duro-Tuss Chesty Cough LiquidRegular) 464
CHOLINE THEOPHYLLINATE(Brondecon Elixir) 465
CODEINE PHOSPHATE(Actacode, Codeine Linctus) 465
DEXTROMETHORPHAN(Benadryl for the Family DryForte, Bisolvon Dry Oral Liquid,Robitussin DX Dry Cough Forte,Strepsils Cough Relief, Tussinolfor Dry Coughs Elixir) 465
DIHYDROCODEINE (RikodeineOral Liquid) 466
DORNASE ALFA (Pulmozyme) 466
GUAIFENESIN (Dimetapp ChestCongestion Paediatric Drops,Lemsip Chest Cough Medicine,Robitussin Chesty CoughLiquid Capsules, Robitussin EX,Robitussin EX Paediatric Drops,Vicks Cough Syrup for ChestCoughs) 467
IPECACUANHA 467
PHOLCODINE (Actifed CC DryCough, Duro-Tuss Dry CoughLiquid Regular, Duro-Tuss DryCough Liquid Forte, LinctusTussinol) 467
Chapter 39\rDERMATOLOGICALAGENTS 469
RETINOIDS 469
TOPICAL ANALGESICS 473
TOPICAL ANTIBACTERIALS 473
TOPICAL ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS 476
TOPICAL ANTIPARASITICS 477
HEADLICE 478
SCABIES 478
TOPICAL CORTICOSTEROIDS 479
TOPICAL HEPARINOID AGENTS 481
TOPICAL ANAESTHETICS 481
OTHER DERMATOLOGICAL PREPARATIONS 483
Chapter 40\rDIURETICS 486
CARBONIC ANHYDRASE INHIBITORS 487
HIGH-CEILING (LOOP) DIURETICS 488
THIAZIDE DIURETICS 492
POTASSIUM-SPARING DIURETICS 494
OSMOTIC DIURETICS 498
Chapter 41\rDRUG DEPENDENCE 500
ACAMPROSATE (Campral) 500
BUPRENORPHINE (NorspanTransdermal Patch, Subutex,Temgesic) 500
BUPROPION (Cloprax, Prexaton,Zyban, Zyban SR) 501
DISULFIRAM (Antabuse) 502
METHADONE (Biodone Forte,Methadone Syrup) 503
NALTREXONE (Naltrexone QP,ReVia) 503
NICOTINE (NicabateTransdermal Patch, NicabateClear Transdermal Patch,Nicabate Lozenges, Nicobate SoftGum, Nicorette Chewing Gum,Nicorette Microtab, NicorettePatch, Nicorette Inhaler,Nicotinell Chewing Gum, QuitXChewing Gum, QuitX Patches) 504
VARENICLINE (Champix) 507
Chapter 42\rERECTILE DYSFUNCTIONAGENTS 508
ALPROSTADIL (prostaglandin E1)(Caverject Impulse, Prostin VR) 508
LIGNOCAINE (Stud 100Desensitising Spray For Men) 509
PAPAVERINE (DBL PapaverineHydrochloride Injection) 509
SILDENAFIL (Viagra) 510
TADALAFIL (Cialis) 511
VARDENAFIL (Levitra) 512
Chapter 43\rEYE, EAR, NOSE ANDTHROAT AGENTS 513
THE EYE 513
ANALGESIC AGENTS 514
ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS 515
CORTICOSTEROID AGENTS 517
ANTIGLAUCOMA AGENTS 518
CYCLOPLEGIC AND MYDRIATIC DROPS 523
MIOTIC DROPS 525
LOCAL ANAESTHETICS 526
ANTIALLERGY AGENTS 527
VASOCONSTRICTORS, DECONGESTANTS 528
OTHER AGENTS USED IN THE EYE 529
DIAGNOSTIC STAINS 532
MISCELLANEOUS 532
THE EAR 533
ANALGESICS 534
ANAESTHETIC AGENTS 534
ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS 534
CORTICOSTEROIDS 535
WAX SOFTENERS 535
OTHER AGENTS USED IN THE EAR 535
THE NOSE 536
ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS 536
CORTICOSTEROIDS 536
SYMPATHOMIMETIC NASAL DECONGESTANTS 538
OTHER AGENTS USED IN THE NOSE 539
THE OROPHARYNX 540
ANALGESICS AND ANAESTHETIC AGENTS 541
ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS 542
CORTICOSTEROIDS 543
OTHER AGENTS USED IN THE OROPHARYNX 543
Chapter44\rFIBRINOLYTIC AGENTS 544
ALTEPLASE (Actilyse) 545
DROTRECOGIN ALFA (Xigris) 546
TENECTEPLASE (Metalyse) 546
RETEPLASE (Rapilysin) 547
STREPTOKINASE (Streptase) 547
Chapter 45\rGASTROINTESTINALAGENTS (MISCELLANEOUS) 549
AGENTS USED IN INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE 550
ENZYME REPLACEMENT 553
Chapter 46\rGENERAL ANAESTHETICS 555
DESFLURANE (Suprane) 555
ISOFLURANE (Aerrane,Forthane) 556
KETAMINE (Ketalar) 557
METHOXYFLURANE (PenthroxInhalation) 558
NITROUS OXIDE 558
PROPOFOL (Diprivan, Fresofol(propofol 1% w/v) Injection,Provive 1%) 559
REMIFENTANIL (Ultiva forInjection) 559
SEVOFLURANE (Sevorane) 560
THIOPENTONE (Pentothal) 560
Chapter 47\rHAEMOPOIETIC AGENTS 562
DARBEPOETIN ALFA (Aranesp) 563
EPOETIN ALFA (Eprex) 564
EPOETIN BETA (NeoRecormon) 564
Chapter 48\rHAEMOSTATICS 566
COAGULATION FACTORS 569
Chapter 49\rHYPOTHALAMIC ANDPITUITARY HORMONES 573
HYPOTHALAMIC HORMONES AND FACTORS 573
ANTERIOR PITUITARY HORMONES 578
POSTERIOR PITUITARY HORMONES 584
Chapter 50\rIMMUNOMODIFIERS 588
INTERFERONS 600
MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES 606
Chapter 51\rLAXATIVES 612
BULK-FORMING LAXATIVES 613
OSMOTIC LAXATIVES 613
STIMULANT LAXATIVES 616
EMOLLIENT (OR CONTACT) LAXATIVES 618
Chapter 52\rLIPID-REGULATINGAGENTS 620
HMG-CoA REDUCTASE INHIBITORS (STATINS) 621
BILE-ACID-BINDING AGENTS 624
FIBRATES 625
OTHER LIPID-LOWERING AGENTS 627
Chapter 53\rLOCAL ANAESTHETICS 629
AMETHOCAINE (MinimsAmethocaine Eye Drops) 630
Chapter 54\rMUSCLE RELAXANTS 635
BACLOFEN (Clofen, Lioresal,Lioresal Intrathecal, Stelax) 635
DANTROLENE (DantriumCapsules, Dantrium Powder forInjection) 636
ORPHENADRINE (Norflex) 637
ROPINIROLE (Repreve) 637
Chapter 55\rNEUROMUSCULARBLOCKINGAGENTS 639
NON-DEPOLARISING BLOCKING AGENTS 639
DEPOLARISING BLOCKING AGENTS 643
Chapter 56\rOPIOID ANALGESICS 645
ALFENTANIL (Rapifen) 648
BUPRENORPHINE (NorspanTransdermal Patch, Subutex,Temgesic) 648
CODEINE PHOSPHATE(Actacode, Codeine Linctus,Codeine Phosphate InjectionUSP) 648
DEXTROPROPOXYPHENE(Doloxene) 649
FENTANYL (Actiq, DBL FentanylInjection, Durogesic, Sublimaze) 650
HYDROMORPHONE(Dilaudid) 651
METHADONE (Biodone Forte,Methadone Syrup, Physeptone) 652
MORPHINE (Anamorph,DBL Morphine Sulfate InjectionBP, DBL Morphine TartrateInjection, DepoDur, Kapanol,MS Contin, MS Mono, Ordine,Sevredol) 652
OXYCODONE (Endone,OxyContin, OxyNorm,Proladone) 653
PETHIDINE (known asmeperidine in the USA)(Pethidine Injection BP) 654
TRAMADOL (Durotram XR,Tramahexal, Tramal, Tramal SR,Tramedo, Tramedo XR, Zydol,Zydol SR) 655
Chapter 57\rPREGNANCY, CHILDBIRTHAND BREASTFEEDING 656
AGENTS USED TO TREAT INFERTILITY 656
AGENTS USED TO TREAT PRE-ECLAMPSIA AND ECLAMPSIA 664
AGENTS USED TO PREVENT LABOUR 666
AGENTS USED DURING LABOUR 668
AGENTS USED IN TERMINATION OF PREGNANCY 672
AGENTS USED TO SUPPRESS LACTATION 673
OTHER AGENTS 675
Chapter 58\rPROSTAGLANDINS 677
ALPROSTADIL (prostaglandin E1)(Caverject Impulse, Prostin VR) 677
DINOPROST (prostaglandinF2-alpha) (Prostin F2-alpha) 677
DINOPROSTONE (prostaglandinE2) (Cervidil, Prostin E2 VaginalGel) 678
ILOPROST (Ventavis) 678
GEMEPROST (prostaglandin E1)(Cervagem) 678
LATANOPROST (Xalatan) 679
MISOPROSTOL (Cytotec) 679
Chapter 59\rSEDATIVES ANDHYPNOTICS 680
CHLORAL HYDRATE (ChloralHydrate Mixture) 682
DEXMEDETOMIDINE(Precedex) 682
FLUNITRAZEPAM (Hypnodorm) 683
MIDAZOLAM (Hypnovel,Midazolam Injection, MidazolamInjection BP, Midazolam Sandoz) 683
NITRAZEPAM (Alodorm,Mogadon) 684
PARALDEHYDE (ParaldehydeInjection BP) 684
PHENOBARBITONE (knownas Phenobarbital in the USA)(Phenobarbitone Elixir15 mg/15 mL, PhenobarbitoneInjection, PhenobarbitoneSodium Injection,Phenobarbitone Tablets) 685
TEMAZEPAM (Normison,Temaze, Temtabs) 686
TRIAZOLAM (Halcion) 686
ZOPICLONE (Imovane, Imrest) 686
ZOLPIDEM (Dormizol, Somidem,Stildem, Stilnox, Stilnox CR,Zolpibell) 687
Chapter 60\rSEX HORMONES 688
ANDROGENS AND ANABOLIC STEROIDS 688
OESTROGENS 691
PROGESTOGENS 696
OTHER AGENTS 702
ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES 708
Chapter 61\rSTIMULANTS 712
ATOMOXETINE (Strattera) 712
CAFFEINE (No Doz) 713
DEXAMPHETAMINE(Dexamphetamine Tablets) 713
METHYLPHENIDATE (Attenta,Concerta Extended-ReleaseTablets, Ritalin 10, Ritalin LA) 714
MODAFINIL (Modavigil) 716
Chapter 62\rSYMPATHOMIMETICAGENTS 717
ADRENALINE (known asepinephrine in USA) (AdrenalineHydrochloride Injection 1:10 000(Min-I-Jet), Adrenaline Injection,Epipen, Epipen Jr) 717
BRIMONIDINE (Alphagan Eyedrops, Enidin) 719
DOBUTAMINE (DobutamineHydrochloride Injection,Dobutrex) 719
DOPAMINE (DBL SterileDopamine Concentrate) 720
EPHEDRINE (Ephedrine NasalInstillation, DBL EphedrineSulfate Injection) 722
ISOPRENALINE (known asisoproterenol in USA) (Isuprel) 723
METARAMINOL (MetaraminolSandoz) 724
NORADRENALINE (known asnorepinephrine and levarterenolin USA) (Levophed 1:1,000) 724
PHENYLEPHRINE (Neo-Synephrine 1% Injection) 725
Chapter 63\rTHYROID ANDANTITHYROID AGENTS 727
THYROID AGENTS 728
ANTITHYROID AGENTS 730
Chapter 64\rTOPICAL RECTALMEDICATION 733
Chapter 65\rVACCINES,IMMUNOGLOBULINSAND ANTISERA 735
VACCINES 735
ANTISERA 747
IMMUNOGLOBULINS 750
Chapter 66\rVASODILATORS 753
BETAHISTINE (Serc) 753
DIPYRIDAMOLE (Persantin,Persantin Ampoules, PersantinSR) 753
EPOPROSTENOL (Flolan) 754
OXPENTIFYLLINE (Trental 400) 755
TREPROSTINIL (Remodulin) 756
Chapter 67\rVITAMINS, MINERALSAND ELECTROLYTES 758
VITAMINS 758
MINERAL SUPPLEMENTS 767
OTHER MINERALS 775
Chapter 68\rMISCELLANEOUS AGENTS 781
AMIFOSTINE (Ethyol) 781
BOSENTAN (Tracleer) 781
HYDROXYETHYLRUTOSIDES(Paroven, Paroven Forte) 782
LAURETH-9 (Aethoxysklerol) 783
APPENDIX 1: POISONINGAND ITS TREATMENT 791
APPENDIX 2: POISONSINFORMATION CENTRESAND MEDICINEINFORMATION CENTRES 794
APPENDIX 3: ALTERNATIVEDRUG NAMES 796
APPENDIX 4: DRUGS INSPORT 798
APPENDIX 5: NORMALREFERENCE VALUES 803
BIBLIOGRAPHY 825
GLOSSARY 829
DRUG ADMINISTRATION 832
INDEX 835
IBC \r I