BOOK
Regenerative Sanitation
Thammarat Koottatep | Peter Emmanuel Cookey | Chongrak Polprasert
(2019)
Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
This book proposes Regenerative Sanitation as the next era of sanitation management and attempts to provide a foundation for the study of sanitation on the premise that sanitation is a complex and dynamic system that comprises of social-ecological, technological and resource systems. The preconception is that sanitation will deliver maximal benefits to society only when there exists a cyclical integration of the three subsystems to enable appropriate linkages between ‘technological design’ and the ‘delivery platform’ so as to achieve optimal and sustained sani-solutions. It also calls for the rethinking of sanitation to change the narrative towards more progressive trajectories such as resource recovery and reuse rather than just amelioration. It explores the contributions to food security, livelihood support, urban regeneration, rural development and even local economies.
A new paradigm, theory and ten principles for ensuring practical and effective sanitation solutions and management is presented. In addition is a unique conceptual framework applicable to both developed and developing countries, and to all stages, processes and cycles of delivering sanitation solutions that could critically evaluate, analyse and provide credible, adequate and appropriate sanitation solutions. All of which culminates in a strategic and practical application platform called ‘Sanitation 4.0’ that advocates for total rejuvenation and comprehensive overhaul with eight key strategic considerations for the implementation.
Regenerative Sanitation: A New Paradigm For Sanitation 4.0 is inter and trans- disciplinary and encourages collaboration between engineers, scientists, technologists, social scientists and others to provide effective and practical user-centred solutions. It includes relevant case studies, examples, exercise and future research recommendations. It is written as both a textbook for researchers and students as well as a practitioners’ guide for policymakers and professionals.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cover | Cover | ||
| Contents | v | ||
| About the authors | xi | ||
| Preface | xiii | ||
| Abbreviations and symbols | xvii | ||
| Atomic weight and number of elements | xxv | ||
| Conversion factors for SI units | xxix | ||
| Chapter 1: Introduction | 1 | ||
| 1.1 BACKGROUND | 1 | ||
| 1.2 PERSPECTIVES OF THE REGENERATIVE PHENOMENA | 5 | ||
| 1.2.1 Regenerative science and medicine | 5 | ||
| 1.2.2 Regenerative development and design | 5 | ||
| 1.2.3 Regenerative agriculture | 8 | ||
| 1.2.4 Regenerative economy and capitalism | 8 | ||
| 1.3 REGENERATIVE SANITATION WORLDVIEW | 9 | ||
| 1.4 PARADIGMS OF SANITATION | 10 | ||
| 1.4.1 Conventional sanitation paradigm (sanitation 1.0) | 12 | ||
| 1.4.2 Ecological sanitation paradigm (sanitation 2.0) | 12 | ||
| 1.4.3 Sustainable sanitation paradigm (sanitation 3.0) | 14 | ||
| 1.4.4 The paradigm shift | 14 | ||
| 1.4.5 Regenerative sanitation paradigm (sanitation 4.0) | 16 | ||
| 1.5 SANITATION CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORKS | 16 | ||
| 1.6 CHANGE IS IMPERATIVE | 18 | ||
| 1.7 EXERCISES | 19 | ||
| 1.8 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH | 19 | ||
| REFERENCES | 20 | ||
| Chapter 2: Regenerative sanitation foundations | 35 | ||
| 2.1 INTRODUCTION | 35 | ||
| 2.2 REGENERATIVE SANITATION ASSUMPTIONS | 37 | ||
| 2.3 REGENERATIVE SANITATION THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS | 37 | ||
| 2.3.1 Functionalism and system theory (FaST) | 37 | ||
| 2.3.2 Regenerative development and design theory (RDDT) | 40 | ||
| 2.3.3 Centralization theory | 44 | ||
| 2.3.4 Decentralization theory | 45 | ||
| 2.4 PRINCIPLES OF REGENERATIVE SANITATION | 47 | ||
| 2.4.1 Appropriate technology (ApT) | 47 | ||
| 2.4.2 Biomimic and biophilic (BaB) | 49 | ||
| 2.4.3 Fit-for-purpose governance (FPG) | 51 | ||
| 2.4.4 Hybridized solutions (HS) | 52 | ||
| 2.4.5 No-Transfer-of-burden (NToB) | 54 | ||
| 2.4.6 Systemic holistic integration (SHI) | 56 | ||
| 2.4.7 Place and scale (PaS) | 57 | ||
| 2.4.8 Participation and partnership (PaP) | 59 | ||
| 2.4.9 Recycling and safe reuse (RaSR) | 60 | ||
| 2.4.10 Rehabilitation of dysfunctional facilities (RoDF) | 62 | ||
| 2.4.11 Systemic functioning of all parts | 63 | ||
| 2.5 REGENERATIVE SANITATION PRACTICES | 63 | ||
| 2.6 REGENERATIVE SANITATION POTENTIAL BENEFITS | 64 | ||
| 2.7 RETHINKING SANITATION | 64 | ||
| 2.8 EXERCISES | 65 | ||
| 2.9 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH | 65 | ||
| REFERENCES | 66 | ||
| Chapter 3: Regenerative sanitation framework | 79 | ||
| 3.1 INTRODUCTION | 79 | ||
| 3.2 DEVELOPING AN INTEGRATED HOLISTIC FRAMEWORK | 80 | ||
| 3.3 SYSTEM ELEMENTS OF REGENSAN FRAMEWORK | 82 | ||
| 3.3.1 Social-ecological subsystem (SES) | 87 | ||
| 3.3.1.1 Psycho-socio-ecophilia (PSEP) | 87 | ||
| 3.3.1.2 Governance | 88 | ||
| 3.3.2 Technological subsystem (TeS) | 88 | ||
| 3.3.2.1 Existing Improved Design Technology (EIDT) | 88 | ||
| 3.3.2.2 Restorative design technology (ReDT) | 89 | ||
| 3.3.2.3 Nouveau design technology (NoDT) | 89 | ||
| 3.3.3 Resource subsystem (ReS) | 89 | ||
| 3.3.3.1 Design for recovery and reuse (DeRaR) | 90 | ||
| 3.3.3.2 Sanitation service chain raw materials (SSC-RaMs) | 90 | ||
| 3.3.3.3 Sanitation-derived products (SDPs) | 90 | ||
| 3.3.4 Cross-cutting components | 90 | ||
| 3.3.4.1 Continuous improvement (CiM) | 91 | ||
| 3.3.4.2 Knowledge and skills (KaS) | 92 | ||
| 3.4 SUBSYSTEMS’ SYNERGISTIC INTERACTIONS | 94 | ||
| 3.5 DELIVERING INTEGRATED SANITATION SOLUTIONS | 97 | ||
| 3.6 EXERCISES | 98 | ||
| 3.7 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH | 98 | ||
| REFERENCES | 99 | ||
| Chapter 4: Social-ecological system | 107 | ||
| 4.1 INTRODUCTION | 107 | ||
| 4.2 DIMENSIONS OF REGENSAN SES | 112 | ||
| 4.2.1 Psycho-Socio-Ecophilia (PSEP) | 112 | ||
| 4.2.1.1 Psycho-Socio-Cultural (PSC) | 113 | ||
| 4.2.1.2 Socio-Economic (SE) | 115 | ||
| 4.2.1.3 Bio-geo-Chemical (BGC) | 116 | ||
| 4.2.2 Governance Function (GoF) | 119 | ||
| 4.2.2.1 Institutions | 121 | ||
| 4.2.2.2 Management | 123 | ||
| 4.2.2.3 Sustainable Financing | 126 | ||
| 4.3 SES APPROACH TO REGENSAN SOLUTIONS | 128 | ||
| 4.4 EXERCISES | 129 | ||
| 4.5 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH | 129 | ||
| REFERENCES | 129 | ||
| Chapter 5: Technological system | 141 | ||
| 5.1 INTRODUCTION | 141 | ||
| 5.2 SANITATION INFRASTRUCTURE | 142 | ||
| 5.2.1 Sanitation service chain (SSC) | 143 | ||
| 5.2.2 Sanitation service ladder (SSL) | 145 | ||
| 5.2.3 Sanitation technology selection support tools | 149 | ||
| 5.2.4 Non-sewered sanitation infrastructure | 150 | ||
| 5.2.5 Sewered sanitation infrastructure | 152 | ||
| 5.3 SANITATION INFRASTRUCTURE STANDARDIZATION (SIS) | 154 | ||
| 5.3.1 Sanitation infrastructure standards (SIs) | 156 | ||
| 5.3.2 Global challenge of SIS | 160 | ||
| 5.4 REGENSAN TECHNOLOGICAL SYSTEM | 167 | ||
| 5.4.1 ReGenSan technology system dimensions | 170 | ||
| 5.4.1.1 Existing improved design technology (EIDT) | 171 | ||
| 5.4.1.2 Restorative design technology (ReDT) | 173 | ||
| 5.4.1.3 Nouveau design technology (NoDT) | 176 | ||
| 5.4.1.3.1 Design for products and services (DePaS) | 178 | ||
| 5.4.1.3.2 Design for nature (DeN) | 180 | ||
| 5.5 REGENSAN APPROACH TO SANITATION TECHNOLOGY | 182 | ||
| 5.6 EXERCISES | 184 | ||
| 5.7 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH | 185 | ||
| REFERENCES | 186 | ||
| Chapter 6: Resource system | 209 | ||
| 6.1 INTRODUCTION | 209 | ||
| 6.2 SANITATION VALUE CHAIN (SVC) | 214 | ||
| 6.3 INTEGRATED FUNCTIONAL SANITATION VALUE CHAIN (IFSVC) | 216 | ||
| 6.4 REGENSAN RESOURCE SYSTEM | 222 | ||
| 6.4.1 ReGenSan resource system dimensions | 224 | ||
| 6.4.1.1 Design for Recovery and Reuse (DeRaR) | 224 | ||
| 6.4.1.1.1 Recovery and reuse from existing facilities | 225 | ||
| 6.4.1.1.2 Alternative designs for recovery and reuse | 228 | ||
| 6.4.1.1.3 Demand based-designs (DBD) | 236 | ||
| 6.4.1.1.4 Health and safety | 237 | ||
| 6.4.1.2 Sanitation service chain raw materials (SSC-RaMs) | 242 | ||
| 6.4.1.3 Sanitation-derived products (SDPs) | 245 | ||
| 6.5 WHERE DO WE GO FROM HERE? | 257 | ||
| 6.6 EXERCISES | 259 | ||
| 6.7 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH | 261 | ||
| REFERENCES | 263 | ||
| Chapter 7: Sanitation 4.0 | 283 | ||
| 7.1 INTRODUCTION | 283 | ||
| 7.2 KEY STRATEGIC APPROACHES FOR SANITATION 4.0 | 287 | ||
| 7.2.1 Special considerations for the population at the base-of-the-pyramid (BoP) | 287 | ||
| 7.2.2 Special considerations for integrating ReGenSan into urban regeneration | 289 | ||
| 7.2.3 Special considerations for integrating REGENSAN into rural development | 292 | ||
| 7.2.4 Special considerations to integrate REGENSAN into provision of public sanitation services | 294 | ||
| 7.2.5 Special considerations for contextual factors and place in the delivery of ReGenSan solutions | 296 | ||
| 7.2.6 Special considerations for sanitation governance | 297 | ||
| 7.2.7 Special considerations for data collection, analysis and management | 300 | ||
| 7.2.8 Special considerations for skills development | 303 | ||
| 7.3 REGENSAN APPLICATION PLATFORM | 304 | ||
| 7.3.1 Contextual analysis of PSEP | 305 | ||
| 7.3.2 Governance assessment | 305 | ||
| 7.3.3 Technological system assessment | 305 | ||
| 7.3.4 Resource system assessment | 307 | ||
| 7.3.5 Cross-cutting issues assessment | 307 | ||
| 7.3.6 Identify priority solutions for Sanitation 4.0 | 307 | ||
| 7.3.7 Implementation of action plans | 308 | ||
| 7.3.8 Monitoring and evaluation | 308 | ||
| 7.4 CONCLUSION | 308 | ||
| 7.5 EXERCISES | 310 | ||
| 7.6 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH | 310 | ||
| REFERENCES | 311 | ||
| Index | 323 |