BOOK
Apprenticeship Level 3 Electrotechnical (Installation and Maintainence) Learner Handbook B
(2018)
Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
Get all the support needed for apprentices to complete the Level 3 Electrotechnical qualification that forms a key part of their apprenticeship.
Developed in partnership with JTL, the leading training provider in the Electrotechnical industry, Apprenticeship Electrotechnical (Installation or Maintenance) (Level 3) Handbook B is designed to support both the City & Guilds and EAL Level 3 Electrotechnical qualifications. Written by expert JTL trainers, this book works together with Apprenticeship Electrotechnical (Installation or Maintenance) (Level 3) Handbook A to give apprentices all the support and knowledge they need to complete the Level 3 qualification so they can be confident they have the best support for their apprenticeship.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | Front Cover | ||
| Contents | iii | ||
| Introduction | iv | ||
| Features of the book | vi | ||
| Acknowledgements | vii | ||
| Chapter 1: Understand design and installation practices and procedures | 1 | ||
| 1: Preparation for the installation of wiring systems | 2 | ||
| Why safe isolation is important | 5 | ||
| Procedures for completing safe isolation | 5 | ||
| 2: Applications of wiring systems | 8 | ||
| Constructional features, applications, advantages and limitations of electrical cables | 8 | ||
| Conductors and insulators | 8 | ||
| Cable types (aka wiring systems) | 15 | ||
| Characteristics of containment, support and wiring systems | 27 | ||
| Containment types (aka wiring enclosures) | 27 | ||
| Assess and select suitable wiring systems and equipment | 37 | ||
| Lighting systems | 37 | ||
| Switching arrangements | 37 | ||
| Power (final) circuits | 47 | ||
| Factors which aff ect the selection of wiring systems | 52 | ||
| Environmental control and BEMS (Building Energy Management Systems) | 52 | ||
| Emergency management systems (standby power supplies) | 53 | ||
| Uninterruptible power supply (UPS) | 54 | ||
| Security systems (emergency lighting, fi re alarm and security systems) | 57 | ||
| Closed circuit television (CCTV) and camera systems | 72 | ||
| Intruder alarm systems | 75 | ||
| Data communication and transmission | 77 | ||
| 3: The practices and procedures for carrying out electrical work | 81 | ||
| Selecting and safely using hand tools, power tools and adhesives | 81 | ||
| Pliers | 81 | ||
| Cutters and strippers | 82 | ||
| Screwdrivers | 82 | ||
| Hammers | 82 | ||
| Saws | 84 | ||
| Drills | 85 | ||
| Spanners and wrenches | 85 | ||
| Files | 87 | ||
| Chisels | 87 | ||
| Crimping tools | 88 | ||
| Adhesives | 88 | ||
| Selecting and safely using equipment for measuring and marking out | 88 | ||
| Selecting and safely using tools and equipment for fixing and installing | 91 | ||
| Selecting and safely using fixings | 91 | ||
| Installation methods and procedures installing wiring systems, enclosures and equipment | 103 | ||
| Rewiring an existing domestic property | 103 | ||
| Cables run into walls | 106 | ||
| Chasing | 107 | ||
| Wiring in partitions | 107 | ||
| Ceiling fittings | 108 | ||
| Protection of cables | 108 | ||
| Cable/enclosure supports and bends | 109 | ||
| Restoring the building fabric | 112 | ||
| Installing electrical systems, enclosures and equipment | 113 | ||
| Installing PVC/PVC cables | 113 | ||
| Cable runs | 116 | ||
| PVC/SWA/PVC cable | 117 | ||
| PVC/GSWB/PVC cable | 119 | ||
| MICC cable | 119 | ||
| Steel and PVC trunking | 137 | ||
| Cable tray | 144 | ||
| 4: The characteristics and applications of supply systems and consumer’s equipment | 151 | ||
| The characteristics and applications of supply systems | 151 | ||
| Single-phase supply | 152 | ||
| Three-phase supply | 152 | ||
| Three-phase and neutral | 152 | ||
| Supply systems summary | 153 | ||
| The characteristics and applications of earthing arrangements | 153 | ||
| TT system | 154 | ||
| TN-S system | 155 | ||
| TN-C-S system (PME) | 157 | ||
| Protective Multiple Earthing (PME) | 158 | ||
| IT system | 159 | ||
| Provision for isolation and switching, overcurrent protection and earth fault protection | 160 | ||
| Provision for isolation and switching | 160 | ||
| 5: Earthing and protection | 163 | ||
| Key principles of earthing and bonding, protective conductors and extraneous and exposed conductive parts | 163 | ||
| Functional and protective earthing | 164 | ||
| The earth fault loop path and earth fault impedance | 165 | ||
| Results of an unearthed appliance | 167 | ||
| Lightning protection | 168 | ||
| Key principles relating to the protection of electrical systems | 170 | ||
| Protection against electric shock | 170 | ||
| Automatic disconnection of supply (ADS) (411) | 171 | ||
| Automatic disconnection of supply (TN systems) | 173 | ||
| Automatic disconnection of supply (TT systems) | 174 | ||
| Double (supplementary) or reinforced insulation (412) | 175 | ||
| Electrical separation (413) | 176 | ||
| Extra low voltage provided by SELV or PELV (414) | 176 | ||
| Additional protection (415) | 176 | ||
| Basic protection | 177 | ||
| Provisions where automatic disconnection according to Regulation 411.3.2 is not feasible | 178 | ||
| Protection against thermal effects | 178 | ||
| Conditions for evacuation in an emergency | 181 | ||
| 6: Protection against overcurrent | 182 | ||
| The operating principles, application and limitations of protective devices | 182 | ||
| Residual current devices (RCD) | 183 | ||
| Fuses | 187 | ||
| Miniature circuit-breakers (MCBs) | 190 | ||
| RCBOs | 192 | ||
| Fuse characteristics | 193 | ||
| Breaking capacity | 194 | ||
| Time/current characteristics of overcurrent protective devices | 195 | ||
| Protection against fault current | 198 | ||
| Discrimination between protective devices | 199 | ||
| Discrimination | 199 | ||
| 7: Electrical systems and circuits | 202 | ||
| 8: The electrical design procedure | 202 | ||
| Principles for selecting cables and circuit protection devices | 202 | ||
| How external influences affect the choice of wiring system and enclosure | 204 | ||
| Procedure for selecting a suitably sized cable | 205 | ||
| Design current (Ib) | 205 | ||
| Rating of the protective device (Ib) | 205 | ||
| Installation and reference methods | 206 | ||
| Rating factors (C) | 208 | ||
| Checking voltage drop | 212 | ||
| Shock protection | 214 | ||
| Thermal constraints | 217 | ||
| Diversity | 221 | ||
| Determining the size of conduit and trunking as appropriate to the size and number of cables to be installed | 223 | ||
| Cable and conduit factors for runs over 3 m or any length with bends | 225 | ||
| Trunking | 227 | ||
| Energy efficiency | 230 | ||
| Sources of information | 232 | ||
| Interpreting information on the operation and control of equipment | 240 | ||
| Chapter 2: Termination and connection of conductors | 245 | ||
| 1: The regulatory requirements and procedures for terminating and connecting conductors and cables in electrical wiring systems and equipment | 246 | ||
| Sources of relevant information | 246 | ||
| Connection or termination? | 247 | ||
| Connections | 247 | ||
| 2: The procedures and applications of different methods of terminating and connecting conductors and cables in electrical wiring systems and equipment | 248 | ||
| Connection methods | 248 | ||
| Porcelain connectors | 250 | ||
| Screwits | 250 | ||
| Junction boxes | 250 | ||
| Resin filled cable joints | 251 | ||
| Proving that terminations and connections are electrically and mechanically sound | 251 | ||
| Insulation colours | 252 | ||
| Cable termination techniques, methods and procedures | 252 | ||
| PVC insulated PVC sheathed fl at profi le cable with integral CPC (6241Y, 6242Y, 6243Y) | 253 | ||
| Mineral-insulated cable | 254 | ||
| Stripping | 254 | ||
| PVC/Steel Wire Armour/PVC cable (6942X, 3X, etc.) Single core PVC/Aluminium Wire Armour/PVC cable XLPE/Steel Wire Armour/PVC cable (6945XL7W TO 69448XL7W) | 258 | ||
| PVC/GSWB/PVC cable | 262 | ||
| Data cables | 263 | ||
| Fire-resistant cables | 265 | ||
| Chapter 3: Understand inspection, testing and commissioning | 269 | ||
| 1: Requirements and procedures for completing safe isolation of an electrical circuit | 270 | ||
| Requirements of the Electricity at Work Regulations (EAWR) 1989 | 270 | ||
| Health and safety requirements | 271 | ||
| Competence and responsibility | 271 | ||
| 2: The requirements for initial verification of electrical installations | 272 | ||
| Purpose and requirements | 272 | ||
| Information required for initial verification | 273 | ||
| Statutory and non-statutory requirements for inspection, testing and commissioning | 274 | ||
| 3: Requirements for completing the inspection of electrical installations prior to their being placed into service | 276 | ||
| Initial inspection | 276 | ||
| Items to be checked during the inspection process | 277 | ||
| The Schedule of Inspection | 281 | ||
| 4: Requirements for the safe testing and commissioning of electrical installations | 288 | ||
| Tests to be carried out on an electrical installation in accordance with the IET Wiring Regulations and IET Guidance Note 3 | 288 | ||
| General notes | 288 | ||
| The sequence of tests | 289 | ||
| Selection, suitability and safe use of test instruments | 289 | ||
| 5: Requirements for testing before circuits are energised | 292 | ||
| Continuity of protective conductors including main and supplementary bonding | 292 | ||
| Test method 1 (aka the R1 + R2 method) | 293 | ||
| Test method 2 (aka the ‘wander’ lead method) | 293 | ||
| Likely results | 294 | ||
| Test of the continuity of supplementary bonding conductors | 294 | ||
| Continuity of ring final circuit conductors | 296 | ||
| Step 1 | 296 | ||
| Step 2 | 297 | ||
| Step 3 | 297 | ||
| Insulation resistance | 298 | ||
| Insulation resistance/impedance of non-conducting floors and walls (not often required) | 301 | ||
| Protection by SELV, PELV or electrical separation (not often required) | 301 | ||
| Protection by barriers/enclosures provided during erection (not often required) | 302 | ||
| Additional letters | 303 | ||
| Polarity | 304 | ||
| Earth electrode resistance | 305 | ||
| Measurement by standard method | 305 | ||
| 6: Requirements for testing energised installations | 308 | ||
| Protection by automatic disconnection of supply (ADS) | 308 | ||
| Earth fault loop impedance (EFLI) | 308 | ||
| Components and types of earth-fault loop path | 309 | ||
| Direct measurement of ZS | 311 | ||
| Measurement of Ze | 311 | ||
| Verification of test results | 313 | ||
| Additional protection | 315 | ||
| Prospective fault current (Ipf) | 315 | ||
| Phase sequence | 317 | ||
| Functional testing | 318 | ||
| RCD testing | 318 | ||
| Verification of voltage drop | 321 | ||
| Actions to take in event of unsatisfactory test results | 321 | ||
| Continuity | 322 | ||
| Insulation resistance and effects on values | 323 | ||
| Polarity | 324 | ||
| Earth fault loop impedance | 324 | ||
| Residual current devices (RCDs) | 324 | ||
| Periodic inspection and testing | 325 | ||
| Frequency of inspection and testing | 326 | ||
| General procedure | 328 | ||
| 7: Requirements for the completion of electrical installation certificates and associated documentation | 328 | ||
| The Electrical Installation Certificate and certification process | 329 | ||
| Notes for the person producing the Certificate | 329 | ||
| Guidance for recipients (to be attached to the Certificate) | 332 | ||
| The Schedule of Inspections | 332 | ||
| The Schedule of Test Results | 332 | ||
| The Minor Electrical Installation Works Certificate | 334 | ||
| Guidance for recipients (to be attached to the Certificate) | 334 | ||
| Chapter 4: Understand fault diagnosis and fault rectification | 339 | ||
| 1: Health and safety requirements relevant to fault diagnosis | 340 | ||
| The dangers of electricity in relation to fault diagnosis | 340 | ||
| 2: The importance of reporting and communication in fault diagnosis | 341 | ||
| Optimum use of personal and other people’s experience of systems and equipment | 342 | ||
| Providing relevant persons with information | 343 | ||
| Customer relations | 343 | ||
| 3: The nature and characteristics of electrical faults | 344 | ||
| Common categories of electrical faults | 345 | ||
| Position of faults | 345 | ||
| Loss of supply | 347 | ||
| Operation of overload and fault current devices | 348 | ||
| Arcing | 349 | ||
| Transient voltages | 350 | ||
| Insulation failure | 351 | ||
| Open circuit | 351 | ||
| Signal faults | 352 | ||
| Plant, equipment and component failure | 352 | ||
| Faults caused by misuse, abuse and negligence | 353 | ||
| Prevention of faults by regular maintenance | 355 | ||
| Specific types of fault and their location | 356 | ||
| Cable interconnections | 357 | ||
| Cable terminations, seals and glands | 359 | ||
| Seals and entries | 360 | ||
| Accessories including switches, control equipment, contactors, electronic and solid-state devices | 361 | ||
| Instrumentation and metering | 365 | ||
| 4 and 6: Understand and perform the fault diagnosis procedure | 366 | ||
| Logical stages of diagnosis and rectification | 366 | ||
| Procedures for carrying out tests and interpretation of test results | 368 | ||
| Non-live tests | 368 | ||
| Live tests | 371 | ||
| Selecting test instruments and confirming their operation | 372 | ||
| Special precautions that should be taken for special situations | 374 | ||
| Fibre optic cabling | 374 | ||
| Antistatic precautions | 374 | ||
| Electrostatic discharge | 375 | ||
| Damage to electronic devices due to over voltage | 376 | ||
| Avoidance of shut down of IT equipment | 376 | ||
| Risk of high frequency on high capacitive circuits | 377 | ||
| Danger from storage batteries | 377 | ||
| 5: The procedures and techniques for correcting electrical faults | 378 | ||
| Factors which can affect fault correction, repair or replacement | 378 | ||
| Cost of replacement | 378 | ||
| Availability of replacement | 379 | ||
| Downtime under fault conditions | 379 | ||
| Availability of resources and staff | 380 | ||
| Legal responsibility | 380 | ||
| Other factors affecting the fault repair process | 381 | ||
| Special requirements | 382 | ||
| Access to the system during normal working hours | 382 | ||
| Is there a need for building fabric restoration? | 382 | ||
| Whether the system can be isolated section by section | 383 | ||
| Provision of emergency or stand-by supply | 383 | ||
| Client demand for a continuous supply | 383 | ||
| Chapter 5: Understand the requirements for Electrical Installations – BS 7671 | 387 | ||
| Introduction | 388 | ||
| How the Regulations are laid out | 389 | ||
| The Parts of the Regulations | 390 | ||
| Overview of the Regulations | 393 | ||
| Part 1: Scope, object and fundamental principles | 393 | ||
| Part 2: Definitions | 395 | ||
| Part 3: Assessment of general characteristics | 395 | ||
| Part 4: Protection for safety | 395 | ||
| Part 5: Selection and erection of equipment | 396 | ||
| Part 6: Inspection and testing | 398 | ||
| Part 7: Special installations or locations | 399 | ||
| Section 705: Agricultural and horticultural premises | 402 | ||
| Section 708 (Caravan/camping parks and similar locations) | 403 | ||
| Student Book answers | 411 | ||
| Multiple-choice questions | 415 | ||
| Glossary | 417 | ||
| Index | 419 | ||
| Back Cover | Back Cover |