BOOK
Advances in Anesthesia, E-Book
Thomas M. McLoughlin | Francis V. Salinas | Laurence Torsher
(2017)
Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
Advances in Anesthesia highlights the year's signifucant medical advances, providing one source to review the essential information updates for the Anesthesiologist in that year. Topics often covered include: advances in trauma anesthesia, cardiac arrest management, regional anesthesia, analgesia and perioperative outcomes, perioperative management of implantable devices, evidence based management of anesthesia and analgesia.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | Cover | ||
| ADVANCES IN Anesthesia\r | i | ||
| Volumes 1 Through 31 (OUT OF PRINT) | iii | ||
| Volume 32 | iii | ||
| Volume 33 | iv | ||
| Volume 34 | v | ||
| Copyright\r | vi | ||
| Editors | vii | ||
| Editor-in-Chief | vii | ||
| Associate Editors | vii | ||
| CONTRIBUTORS\r | ix | ||
| CONTENTS\r | xiii | ||
| Associate Editors | xiii | ||
| Preface | xiii | ||
| Postoperative Sleep Disturbances: Understanding and Emerging Therapies | xiii | ||
| Hypothermia: Update on Risks and Therapeutic and Prophylactic Applications | xiv | ||
| Challenges in the Perioperative Care of Adolescents | xiv | ||
| Obstetric Hemorrhage: Prevention, Recognition, and Treatment | xiv | ||
| Advances in the Anesthetic Management of Solid Organ Transplantation | xv | ||
| Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation | xv | ||
| Quadratus Lumborum Blocks | xvi | ||
| Complications of Allogeneic Blood Product Administration, with Emphasis on Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury and Transf ... | xvi | ||
| Practical Management of the Opioid-Tolerant Patient in the Perioperative Surgical Home | xvii | ||
| Practical Management of a Regional Anesthesia-Driven Acute Pain Service | xvii | ||
| Update on Perioperative Pulmonary Embolism Management: A Decision Support Tool to Aid in Diagnosis and Treatment | xviii | ||
| Preface | xix | ||
| Postoperative Sleep Disturbances | 1 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 1 | ||
| NORMAL SLEEP | 2 | ||
| The nature of sleep | 2 | ||
| Sleep architecture | 3 | ||
| Physiologic changes during sleep | 3 | ||
| Normal sleep requirements | 4 | ||
| CAUSES OF INADEQUATE SLEEP | 4 | ||
| General | 4 | ||
| Insufficient sleep duration | 1 | ||
| Inappropriate timing of sleep | 5 | ||
| Impaired sleep quality | 5 | ||
| Effects of hospitalization, illness, surgery, and anesthesia on sleep | 6 | ||
| Inpatient stay | 6 | ||
| Postoperative sleep | 6 | ||
| After discharge from hospital | 7 | ||
| CONSEQUENCES OF INADEQUATE SLEEP | 8 | ||
| General | 8 | ||
| Effects of disturbed sleep on health, well-being, recovery from illness, and surgery | 8 | ||
| Cognitive dysfunction: delirium | 8 | ||
| Pain perception | 9 | ||
| Psychomotor disturbance | 9 | ||
| Affective disturbance | 10 | ||
| Cardiovascular dysfunction | 10 | ||
| Metabolic impairment | 10 | ||
| Catabolic propensity | 10 | ||
| Immune dysfunction, proinflammatory changes | 11 | ||
| HOSPITALIZATION RISKS WITH PREEXISTING SLEEP DISORDERS | 11 | ||
| Obstructive sleep apnea | 11 | ||
| Sleep hypoventilation | 12 | ||
| Insomnia | 13 | ||
| Restless legs syndrome/periodic limb movement disorder | 13 | ||
| Parasomnias | 13 | ||
| Narcolepsy | 14 | ||
| ADDRESSING THE PROBLEM | 14 | ||
| Hospital environment | 14 | ||
| Psychological well-being | 15 | ||
| Drug and other therapies | 15 | ||
| Preexisting sleep disorders | 15 | ||
| Obstructive sleep apnea | 16 | ||
| Sleep hypoventilation | 16 | ||
| Insomnia | 16 | ||
| Restless legs/periodic limb movements during sleep | 17 | ||
| Parasomnias | 17 | ||
| Narcolepsy | 17 | ||
| SUMMARY | 17 | ||
| References | 18 | ||
| Hypothermia | 25 | ||
| HISTORIC REFERENCE | 25 | ||
| THE USE OF HYPOTHERMIA AFTER CARDIAC ARREST | 26 | ||
| Physiology of hypothermia | 26 | ||
| Pathophysiology of cardiac arrest | 26 | ||
| Clinical applications of hypothermia for cardiac arrest | 27 | ||
| Intrahospital cardiac arrest | 30 | ||
| THE USE OF HYPOTHERMIA IN TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY | 32 | ||
| HYPOTHERMIA FOR SPINAL CORD INJURY | 36 | ||
| HYPOTHERMIA IN OTHER NEUROLOGIC ENTITIES | 37 | ||
| METHODS AND PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF COOLING | 38 | ||
| Practical aspects of cooling | 39 | ||
| COMPLICATIONS OF HYPOTHERMIA | 40 | ||
| SUMMARY AND TAKE-HOME POINTS: IS IT STILL COOL TO BE COLD? | 41 | ||
| References | 42 | ||
| Challenges in the Perioperative Care of Adolescents | 47 | ||
| Key points | 47 | ||
| PHYSICAL AND EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF ADOLESCENTS | 47 | ||
| CONSENT AND ASSENT OF THE ADOLESCENT PATIENT | 50 | ||
| IMPLICATIONS OF PREGNANCY TESTING IN THE FEMALE ADOLESCENT | 51 | ||
| ADOLESCENT MENTAL HEALTH AND PSYCHOTROPIC MEDICATIONS | 53 | ||
| ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION | 53 | ||
| ATTENTION DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER | 54 | ||
| PERIOPERATIVE SEROTONIN SYNDROME | 56 | ||
| TRENDS AND PERIOPERATIVE IMPLICATIONS OF ADOLESCENT SUBSTANCE ABUSE | 57 | ||
| SUMMARY | 61 | ||
| References | 61 | ||
| Obstetric Hemorrhage | 65 | ||
| INTRODUCTION AND EPIDEMIOLOGY | 65 | ||
| BLEEDING RISK ASSESSMENT IN PREGNANCY AND SPECIFIC CAUSES | 66 | ||
| Uterine atony | 66 | ||
| Uterine inversion | 68 | ||
| Retained products of conception | 69 | ||
| Genital tract trauma | 69 | ||
| Uterine rupture | 69 | ||
| Placenta previa | 70 | ||
| Invasive placentation | 71 | ||
| Surgical complications | 72 | ||
| Placental abruption | 72 | ||
| Coagulopathy | 73 | ||
| Patients who refuse transfusion | 73 | ||
| PREPARATION AND ANTICIPATION FOR PERIPARTUM HEMORRHAGE | 74 | ||
| System/institutional preparation | 74 | ||
| Patient preparation/optimization | 75 | ||
| RESPONSE TO PERIPARTUM HEMORRHAGE | 77 | ||
| Blood loss estimation and measurement | 77 | ||
| Maternal early warning systems | 77 | ||
| Laboratory analysis | 77 | ||
| Peripartum hemorrhage protocols | 79 | ||
| Blood product transfusion | 80 | ||
| PHARMACOLOGIC TREATMENT OPTIONS | 82 | ||
| Uterotonics | 82 | ||
| Antifibrinolytics | 84 | ||
| Recombinant factor VII | 84 | ||
| Prothrombin complex concentrate | 85 | ||
| Recombinant thrombomodulin | 85 | ||
| Desmopressin | 85 | ||
| Physiologic homeostasis | 85 | ||
| INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY AND ARTERIAL EMBOLIZATION | 86 | ||
| SUMMARY | 86 | ||
| References | 87 | ||
| Advances in the Anesthetic Management of Solid Organ Transplantation | 95 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 95 | ||
| ANESTHESIA FOR KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION | 96 | ||
| End-stage renal disease | 97 | ||
| Preoperative evaluation for kidney transplantation | 98 | ||
| Preoperative cardiac evaluation | 98 | ||
| Day of surgery | 99 | ||
| Intraoperative management | 100 | ||
| Postoperative management | 101 | ||
| ANESTHESIA FOR LIVER TRANSPLANTATION | 102 | ||
| Organ allocation | 103 | ||
| End-stage liver disease | 104 | ||
| Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy | 104 | ||
| Coronary artery disease | 105 | ||
| Portopulmonary hypertension | 106 | ||
| Hepatopulmonary syndrome | 106 | ||
| Preoperative evaluation for liver transplantation | 107 | ||
| Pretransplant listing | 95 | ||
| Cardiac evaluation for liver transplantation | 107 | ||
| Day of surgery | 111 | ||
| Intraoperative management | 112 | ||
| Postoperative management | 114 | ||
| References | 114 | ||
| Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation | 119 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 119 | ||
| TYPES OF EXTRACORPOREAL MEMBRANE OXYGENATION CIRCUITS | 120 | ||
| CANNULATION STRATEGIES: | 121 | ||
| INDICATIONS AND EPIDEMIOLOGY FOR EXTRACORPOREAL MEMBRANE OXYGENATION | 123 | ||
| COMPLICATIONS | 127 | ||
| Patient-related complications | 127 | ||
| Anticoagulation-related complications | 129 | ||
| Device-related complications | 130 | ||
| COAGULATION AND ANTICOAGULATION CONSIDERATIONS | 132 | ||
| BLEEDING AND TRANSFUSION | 135 | ||
| WHAT HAPPENS WHEN EXTRACORPOREAL MEMBRANE OXYGENATION COMES TO THE OPERATING ROOM? | 136 | ||
| References | 137 | ||
| Quadratus Lumborum Blocks | 145 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 145 | ||
| ANATOMY | 146 | ||
| MECHANISM OF LOCAL ANESTHETIC SPREAD | 147 | ||
| POINTS OF INJECTION, NOMENCLATURE | 150 | ||
| Lateral quadratus lumborum block | 151 | ||
| Posterior quadratus lumborum block | 151 | ||
| Anterior quadratus lumborum block (transmuscular quadratus lumborum) | 151 | ||
| THE ANTERIOR SUBCOSTAL PARAMEDIAN OBLIQUE SAGITTAL TRANSMUSCULAR QUADRATUS LUMBORUM BLOCK | 151 | ||
| PATIENT POSITIONING AND EQUIPMENT SELECTION | 152 | ||
| Ultrasound transducer | 152 | ||
| Patient position | 152 | ||
| Lateral | 145 | ||
| Supine | 152 | ||
| Prone | 152 | ||
| Sitting | 153 | ||
| CLINICAL PEARLS | 153 | ||
| DOSE AND VOLUME OF LOCAL ANESTHETIC | 153 | ||
| INDICATIONS | 154 | ||
| CONTINUOUS QUADRATUS LUMBORUM BLOCKADE | 154 | ||
| QUADRATUS LUMBORUM BLOCK IN THE ANTICOAGULATED PATIENT | 154 | ||
| SUPPORTING EVIDENCE | 154 | ||
| SUMMARY | 155 | ||
| Acknowledgments | 156 | ||
| References | 156 | ||
| Complications of Allogeneic Blood Product Administration, with Emphasis on Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury and Transf ... | 159 | ||
| Key points | 159 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 159 | ||
| TRANSFUSION-RELATED ACUTE LUNG INJURY | 161 | ||
| Definition | 161 | ||
| Underlying mechanism and pathology | 163 | ||
| Risk factors | 163 | ||
| Epidemiology | 164 | ||
| Consequences of transfusion-related acute lung injury | 165 | ||
| Treatment and management strategies | 165 | ||
| TRANSFUSION-ASSOCIATED CIRCULATORY OVERLOAD | 166 | ||
| Definition | 166 | ||
| Underlying mechanisms and risk factors | 167 | ||
| Epidemiology | 168 | ||
| Consequences of transfusion-associated circulatory overload | 169 | ||
| Treatment and management strategies | 169 | ||
| SUMMARY | 170 | ||
| References | 171 | ||
| Practical Management of the Opioid-Tolerant Patient in the Perioperative Surgical Home | 175 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 175 | ||
| THE PERIOPERATIVE SURGICAL HOME | 176 | ||
| OPIOIDS | 176 | ||
| OPIOID TOLERANCE | 177 | ||
| OPIOID-INDUCED HYPERALGESIA | 177 | ||
| PREOPERATIVE ASSESSMENT | 177 | ||
| OPIOID AGONIST THERAPY | 179 | ||
| INTRAOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT | 179 | ||
| KETAMINE | 182 | ||
| MAGNESIUM | 183 | ||
| LIDOCAINE | 183 | ||
| ALPHA-2 AGONISTS | 184 | ||
| REGIONAL ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA | 184 | ||
| POSTOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT | 185 | ||
| MULTIMODAL ANALGESIA | 185 | ||
| POSTOPERATIVE ORAL ANALGESICS AND RESTARTING HOME MEDICATIONS | 186 | ||
| THE ROLE OF ACUTE PAIN MANAGEMENT SERVICES IN THE PERIOPERATIVE SURGICAL HOME | 187 | ||
| SUMMARY | 187 | ||
| References | 187 | ||
| Practical Management of a Regional Anesthesia-Driven Acute Pain Service | 191 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 191 | ||
| STRUCTURE OF AN ACUTE PAIN SERVICE | 192 | ||
| Acute pain nurses and protocol-driven care | 193 | ||
| USING MULTIMODAL ANALGESIA | 195 | ||
| NEURAXIAL ANALGESIA | 196 | ||
| Epidural side effects and complications | 196 | ||
| The role of an acute pain management service in epidural management | 197 | ||
| CONTINUOUS PERIPHERAL NERVE BLOCKS | 199 | ||
| Peripheral nerve block complications and side effects | 200 | ||
| Monitoring for Falls | 203 | ||
| The Role of Additives in Perineural Analgesia | 204 | ||
| Choosing a Perineural Catheter Infusion Pump | 204 | ||
| Managing an Ambulatory Catheter Service | 205 | ||
| SUMMARY | 207 | ||
| References | 207 | ||
| Update on Perioperative Pulmonary Embolism Management | 213 | ||
| Key points | 213 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 213 | ||
| RISK FACTORS | 214 | ||
| CLASSIFICATION OF PULMONARY EMBOLISM | 216 | ||
| DIAGNOSIS | 216 | ||
| Clinical Diagnosis | 216 | ||
| Imaging | 217 | ||
| TREATMENT | 219 | ||
| Anticoagulation | 219 | ||
| Systemic thrombolysis | 220 | ||
| Catheter-directed thrombolysis | 221 | ||
| Embolectomy | 222 | ||
| Percutaneous embolectomy | 223 | ||
| Surgical embolectomy | 223 | ||
| Venous-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation | 223 | ||
| BRINGING IT ALL TOGETHER | 224 | ||
| SUMMARY | 226 | ||
| Acknowledgments | 226 | ||
| SUPPLEMENTARY DATA | 226 | ||
| References | 226 |