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Book Details
Abstract
Focus on the clinically relevant aspects of anatomy and bridge normal anatomy to common clinical conditions with Netter's Clinical Anatomy, 4th Edition. This easy-to-read, visually stunning text features nearly 600 superb Netter-style illustrations that provide essential descriptions of anatomy, embryology, and pathology to help you understand their clinical relevance. Authored by John Hansen, PhD, an Honored Member of the American Association of Clinical Anatomists, this book is an ideal anatomy reference for students who want to make the most of their study time or need a concise review of clinical anatomy.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | cover | ||
| Inside Front Cover | ifc1 | ||
| Marketing ads | i | ||
| Netter's Clinical Anatomy | iii | ||
| Copyright Page | iv | ||
| Dedication | v | ||
| About the Artists | vi | ||
| About the Author | vii | ||
| Acknowledgments | viii | ||
| Preface | ix | ||
| Table Of Contents | xi | ||
| Clinical Focus Boxes | xii | ||
| 1 Introduction to the Human Body | 1 | ||
| 1. Terminology | 1 | ||
| Anatomical Position | 1 | ||
| Terms of Relationship and Body Planes | 1 | ||
| Movements | 1 | ||
| Anatomical Variability | 1 | ||
| 2. Skin | 4 | ||
| 3. Skeletal System | 5 | ||
| Descriptive Regions | 5 | ||
| Shapes and Function of Bones | 5 | ||
| Markings on the Bones | 8 | ||
| Bone Development | 8 | ||
| Types of Joints | 9 | ||
| 4. Muscular System | 10 | ||
| 5. Cardiovascular System | 14 | ||
| Blood Vessels | 14 | ||
| Heart | 15 | ||
| 6. Lymphatic System | 19 | ||
| General Organization | 19 | ||
| Lymphatic Drainage | 20 | ||
| Immune Response | 20 | ||
| 7. Respiratory System | 21 | ||
| 8. Nervous System | 22 | ||
| General Organization | 22 | ||
| Neurons | 22 | ||
| Glia | 24 | ||
| Peripheral Nerves | 25 | ||
| Meninges | 25 | ||
| Cranial Nerves | 26 | ||
| Spinal Nerves | 27 | ||
| Autonomic Nervous System | 29 | ||
| Sympathetic Division | 29 | ||
| Parasympathetic Division | 31 | ||
| Enteric Nervous System | 32 | ||
| 9. Endocrine System | 33 | ||
| 10. Gastrointestinal System | 34 | ||
| 11. Urinary System | 35 | ||
| 12. Reproductive System | 36 | ||
| Female Reproductive System | 36 | ||
| Male Reproductive System | 36 | ||
| 13. Body Cavities | 36 | ||
| 14. Overview of Early Development | 38 | ||
| Week 1: Fertilization and Implantation | 38 | ||
| Week 2: Formation of the Bilaminar Embryonic Disc | 38 | ||
| Week 3: Gastrulation | 39 | ||
| Embryonic Germ Layer Derivatives | 39 | ||
| 15. Imaging the Internal Anatomy | 39 | ||
| General Introduction | 39 | ||
| Plain (Conventional) Radiographs | 42 | ||
| Computed Tomography | 42 | ||
| Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography | 43 | ||
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging | 43 | ||
| Ultrasound | 44 | ||
| Challenge Yourself Questions | 45 | ||
| Answers to Challenge Yourself Questions | 48 | ||
| 2 Back | 51 | ||
| 1. Introduction | 51 | ||
| 2. Surface Anatomy | 51 | ||
| 3. Vertebral Column | 51 | ||
| Typical Vertebra | 53 | ||
| Regional Vertebrae | 54 | ||
| Cervical Vertebrae | 54 | ||
| Thoracic and Lumbar Vertebrae | 54 | ||
| Sacrum and Coccyx | 54 | ||
| Joints and Ligaments of Craniovertebral Spine | 56 | ||
| Joints and Ligaments of Vertebral Arches and Bodies | 56 | ||
| Movements of the Spine | 65 | ||
| Blood Supply to the Spine | 66 | ||
| 4. Muscles of the Back | 66 | ||
| Extrinsic Back Muscles | 67 | ||
| Intrinsic Back Muscles | 69 | ||
| Suboccipital Muscles | 71 | ||
| 5. Spinal Cord | 73 | ||
| Typical Spinal Nerve | 73 | ||
| Dermatomes | 75 | ||
| Spinal Meninges | 76 | ||
| Dura Mater | 76 | ||
| Arachnoid Mater | 77 | ||
| Pia Mater | 77 | ||
| Subarachnoid Space and Choroid Plexus | 77 | ||
| Blood Supply to Spinal Cord | 78 | ||
| 6. Embryology | 80 | ||
| Development of Myotomes, Dermatomes, and Sclerotomes | 80 | ||
| Vertebral Column Development | 81 | ||
| Neurulation and Development of the Spinal Cord | 82 | ||
| Challenge Yourself Questions | 86 | ||
| Answers to Challenge Yourself Questions | 89 | ||
| 3 Thorax | 93 | ||
| 1. Introduction | 93 | ||
| 2. Surface Anatomy | 93 | ||
| Key Landmarks | 93 | ||
| Planes of Reference | 94 | ||
| 3. Thoracic Wall | 95 | ||
| Thoracic Cage | 95 | ||
| Joints of Thoracic Cage | 96 | ||
| Muscles of Anterior Thoracic Wall | 96 | ||
| Intercostal Vessels and Nerves | 98 | ||
| Female Breast | 100 | ||
| 4. Pleura and Lungs | 101 | ||
| Pleural Spaces (Cavities) | 101 | ||
| The Lungs | 107 | ||
| Respiration | 107 | ||
| Trachea and Bronchi | 110 | ||
| 5. Pericardium and Heart | 111 | ||
| The Pericardium | 111 | ||
| The Heart | 111 | ||
| Coronary Arteries and Cardiac Veins | 117 | ||
| Chambers of the Heart | 119 | ||
| Cardiac Skeleton and Cardiac Valves | 124 | ||
| Conduction System of the Heart | 124 | ||
| Autonomic Innervation of the Heart | 128 | ||
| 6. Mediastinum | 130 | ||
| Esophagus and Thoracic Aorta | 131 | ||
| Azygos System of Veins | 134 | ||
| Arteriovenous Overview | 134 | ||
| Arteries of the Thoracic Aorta (Fig. 3.27) | 134 | ||
| Veins of the Thorax (Fig. 3.28) | 136 | ||
| Thoracic Lymphatics | 137 | ||
| 7. Embryology | 138 | ||
| Respiratory System | 138 | ||
| Early Embryonic Vasculature | 138 | ||
| Aortic Arches | 138 | ||
| Development of Embryonic Heart Tube and Heart Chambers | 138 | ||
| Fetal Circulation | 143 | ||
| Challenge Yourself Questions | 149 | ||
| Chapter 3: Thorax | 153 | ||
| 4 Abdomen | 157 | ||
| 1. Introduction | 157 | ||
| 2. Surface Anatomy | 157 | ||
| Key Landmarks | 157 | ||
| Surface Topography | 159 | ||
| 3. Anterolateral Abdominal Wall | 159 | ||
| Layers | 159 | ||
| Muscles | 159 | ||
| Rectus Sheath | 159 | ||
| Innervation and Blood Supply | 159 | ||
| 4. Inguinal Region | 162 | ||
| Inguinal Canal | 163 | ||
| 5. Abdominal Viscera | 167 | ||
| Peritoneal Cavity | 167 | ||
| Abdominal Esophagus and Stomach | 170 | ||
| Small Intestine | 172 | ||
| Large Intestine | 172 | ||
| Liver | 175 | ||
| Gallbladder | 186 | ||
| Pancreas | 187 | ||
| Spleen | 189 | ||
| Arterial Supply to the Abdominal Viscera | 191 | ||
| Venous Drainage | 195 | ||
| Lymphatics | 196 | ||
| Innervation | 199 | ||
| 6. Posterior Abdominal Wall and Viscera | 202 | ||
| Posterior Abdominal Wall | 202 | ||
| Fascia and Muscles | 202 | ||
| Kidneys and Adrenal (Suprarenal) Glands | 203 | ||
| Abdominal Vessels | 208 | ||
| Arteries of the Abdominal Aorta | 209 | ||
| Veins of the Abdomen (Caval System) | 212 | ||
| Hepatic Portal System of Veins | 213 | ||
| Lymphatic Drainage | 214 | ||
| Innervation | 214 | ||
| 7. Embryology | 215 | ||
| Summary of Gut Development | 215 | ||
| Liver, Gallbladder, and Pancreas Development | 219 | ||
| Urinary System Development | 219 | ||
| Adrenal (Suprarenal) Gland Development | 223 | ||
| Challenge Yourself Questions | 225 | ||
| Answers to Challenge Yourself Questions | 229 | ||
| 5 Pelvis and Perineum | 233 | ||
| 1. Introduction | 233 | ||
| 2. Surface Anatomy | 233 | ||
| 3. Musculoskeletal Elements | 233 | ||
| Bony Pelvic Girdle | 233 | ||
| Muscles of the Pelvis | 237 | ||
| 4. Viscera | 238 | ||
| Distal Gastrointestinal Tract | 238 | ||
| Pelvic Fascia | 238 | ||
| Distal Urinary Tract | 239 | ||
| Female Pelvic Reproductive Viscera | 241 | ||
| Male Pelvic Reproductive Viscera | 244 | ||
| Pelvic Peritoneum | 253 | ||
| 5. Blood Supply | 258 | ||
| Overview of Pelvic and Perineal Arteries | 258 | ||
| 6. Lymphatics | 260 | ||
| 7. Innervation | 260 | ||
| 8. Female Perineum | 262 | ||
| Anal Triangle (Both Genders) | 262 | ||
| Urogenital Triangle | 263 | ||
| 9. Male Perineum | 267 | ||
| 10. Embryology | 277 | ||
| Development of the Reproductive Organs | 277 | ||
| Development of the External Genitalia | 279 | ||
| Challenge Yourself Questions | 283 | ||
| Answers to Challenge Yourself Questions | 286 | ||
| 6 Lower Limb | 291 | ||
| 1. Introduction | 291 | ||
| 2. Surface Anatomy | 291 | ||
| 3. Hip | 293 | ||
| Bones and Joints of the Pelvic Girdle and Hip | 293 | ||
| Nerve Plexuses | 298 | ||
| Access to the Lower Limb | 298 | ||
| 4. Gluteal Region | 301 | ||
| Muscles | 301 | ||
| Neurovascular Structures | 302 | ||
| 5. Thigh | 303 | ||
| Bones | 303 | ||
| Anterior Compartment Thigh Muscles, Vessels, and Nerves | 305 | ||
| Medial Compartment Thigh Muscles, Vessels, and Nerves | 305 | ||
| Posterior Compartment Thigh Muscles, Vessels, and Nerves | 308 | ||
| Femoral Triangle | 308 | ||
| Femoral Artery | 310 | ||
| Thigh in Cross Section | 312 | ||
| 6. Leg | 312 | ||
| Bones | 312 | ||
| Knee Joint | 312 | ||
| Popliteal Fossa | 315 | ||
| Posterior Compartment Leg Muscles, Vessels, and Nerves | 326 | ||
| Anterior Compartment Leg Muscles, Vessels, and Nerves | 326 | ||
| Lateral Compartment Leg Muscles, Vessels, and Nerves | 326 | ||
| Leg in Cross Section | 326 | ||
| 7. Ankle and Foot | 331 | ||
| Bones and Joints | 331 | ||
| Muscles, Vessels, and Nerves of the Dorsum of the Foot | 337 | ||
| Muscles, Vessels, and Nerves of the Sole of the Foot | 337 | ||
| 8. Lower Limb Muscle Summary and Gait | 340 | ||
| Gait | 350 | ||
| 9. Lower Limb Artery and Vein Summary | 350 | ||
| Arteries of the Lower Limb | 350 | ||
| Veins of the Lower Limb | 351 | ||
| 10. Lower Limb Nerve Summary | 354 | ||
| Femoral Nerve | 354 | ||
| Obturator Nerve | 355 | ||
| Sciatic Nerve | 355 | ||
| Tibial Nerve | 355 | ||
| Fibular Nerve | 355 | ||
| Dermatomes | 357 | ||
| 11. Embryology | 357 | ||
| Challenge Yourself Questions | 360 | ||
| Answers to Challenge Yourself Questions | 364 | ||
| 7 Upper Limb | 367 | ||
| 1. Introduction | 367 | ||
| 2. Surface Anatomy | 367 | ||
| 3. Shoulder | 367 | ||
| Bones and Joints of Pectoral Girdle and Shoulder | 367 | ||
| Muscles | 373 | ||
| 4. Axilla | 377 | ||
| Axillary Vessels | 378 | ||
| Brachial Plexus | 381 | ||
| Axillary Lymph Nodes | 383 | ||
| 5. Arm | 384 | ||
| Anterior Compartment Arm Muscles, Vessels, and Nerves | 384 | ||
| Posterior Compartment Arm Muscles, Vessels, and Nerves | 385 | ||
| Arm in Cross Section | 387 | ||
| 6. Forearm | 388 | ||
| Bones and Elbow Joint | 388 | ||
| Anterior Compartment Forearm Muscles, Vessels, and Nerves | 388 | ||
| Posterior Compartment Forearm Muscles, Vessels, and Nerves | 395 | ||
| Forearm in Cross Section | 396 | ||
| 7. Wrist and Hand | 398 | ||
| Bones and Joints | 398 | ||
| Carpal Tunnel and the Extensor Compartments | 399 | ||
| Intrinsic Hand Muscles | 400 | ||
| Palmar Spaces and Tendon Sheaths | 406 | ||
| 8. Upper Limb Muscle Summary | 412 | ||
| 9. Upper Limb Artery and Vein Summary | 414 | ||
| Arteries of the Upper Limb | 414 | ||
| Veins of the Upper Limb | 414 | ||
| 10. Upper Limb Nerve Summary | 417 | ||
| Shoulder Region | 417 | ||
| Radial Nerve in the Arm and Forearm | 417 | ||
| Median Nerve in Forearm and Hand | 418 | ||
| Ulnar Nerve in Forearm and Hand | 420 | ||
| 11. Embryology | 420 | ||
| Appendicular Skeleton | 420 | ||
| Neuromuscular Development | 425 | ||
| Limb Bud Rotation and Dermatomes | 425 | ||
| Challenge Yourself Questions | 429 | ||
| Answers to Challenge Yourself Questions | 433 | ||
| 8 Head and Neck | 437 | ||
| 1. Introduction | 437 | ||
| 2. Surface Anatomy | 437 | ||
| 3. Skull | 437 | ||
| Cranial Fossae | 442 | ||
| 4. Brain | 442 | ||
| Meninges | 442 | ||
| Dural Venous Sinuses | 446 | ||
| Subarachnoid Space | 446 | ||
| Gross Anatomy of the Brain | 449 | ||
| Blood Supply to the Brain | 450 | ||
| Cranial Nerves | 452 | ||
| 5. Scalp and Face | 461 | ||
| Layers of the Scalp | 461 | ||
| Muscles of Facial Expression | 461 | ||
| 6. Orbit and Eye | 467 | ||
| Bony Orbit | 467 | ||
| Eyelids and Lacrimal Apparatus | 468 | ||
| Muscles | 472 | ||
| Nerves in the Orbit | 472 | ||
| Eyeball (Globe) | 475 | ||
| Retina | 475 | ||
| Accommodation of the Lens | 476 | ||
| Blood Supply to the Orbit and Eye | 480 | ||
| 7. Ear | 481 | ||
| External Ear | 483 | ||
| Middle Ear | 483 | ||
| Internal Ear | 483 | ||
| 8. Temporal Region | 487 | ||
| Muscles of Mastication | 487 | ||
| Parotid Gland | 490 | ||
| Infratemporal Fossa | 493 | ||
| Vascular Supply | 494 | ||
| 9. Paranasal Sinuses and Nasal Cavity | 496 | ||
| Paranasal Sinuses | 496 | ||
| External Nose | 498 | ||
| Nasal Cavities | 498 | ||
| Blood Supply and Innervation | 500 | ||
| 10. Oral Cavity | 502 | ||
| Muscles | 502 | ||
| Salivary Glands | 503 | ||
| Palate | 504 | ||
| Teeth and Gums (Gingivae) | 504 | ||
| 11. Neck | 506 | ||
| Muscles | 509 | ||
| Cervical Plexus | 509 | ||
| Blood Supply | 509 | ||
| Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands | 513 | ||
| Prevertebral Muscles | 516 | ||
| 12. Pharynx | 518 | ||
| 13. Larynx | 523 | ||
| 14. Head and Neck Vascular and Lymphatic Summary | 527 | ||
| 15. Head and Neck Arteriovenous Summary | 528 | ||
| Arteries of the Head and Neck (see Fig. 8.65) | 528 | ||
| Veins of the Head and Neck | 530 | ||
| 16. Cranial Nerve Summary | 531 | ||
| Autonomic Innervation | 531 | ||
| Cranial Nerves | 532 | ||
| Oculomotor, Trochlear, and Abducens Nerves | 533 | ||
| Trigeminal Nerve | 533 | ||
| Facial Nerve | 534 | ||
| Glossopharyngeal Nerve | 535 | ||
| Vagus Nerve | 535 | ||
| 17. Embryology | 536 | ||
| Brain Development | 536 | ||
| Cranial Nerve Development | 536 | ||
| Pharyngeal Arch and Pouch Development | 538 | ||
| Facial and Palatal Development | 542 | ||
| Salivary Gland and Tooth Development | 544 | ||
| Challenge Yourself Questions | 549 | ||
| Answers to Challenge Yourself Questions | 553 | ||
| Index | 557 | ||
| A | 557 | ||
| B | 559 | ||
| C | 561 | ||
| D | 563 | ||
| E | 564 | ||
| F | 566 | ||
| G | 567 | ||
| H | 568 | ||
| I | 569 | ||
| J | 571 | ||
| K | 571 | ||
| L | 571 | ||
| M | 573 | ||
| N | 575 | ||
| O | 576 | ||
| P | 577 | ||
| Q | 580 | ||
| R | 580 | ||
| S | 581 | ||
| T | 585 | ||
| U | 586 | ||
| V | 587 | ||
| W | 588 | ||
| X | 588 | ||
| Y | 588 | ||
| Z | 588 |