Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
From radiology and anesthesia to patient needs and client education, Veterinary Dentistry: A Team Approach, 3rd Edition covers everything you need to know about veterinary dentistry! This handy full-color guide is great for practitioners who are new to veterinary dentistry and for those who want to learn more about the underlying theories of the practice. The first section of the book presents dental procedures, with chapters on oral examinations, instruments, safety, and anesthesia, followed by coverage of more difficult areas such as endodontics, radiology and periodontics. The book concludes with a chapter on marketing veterinary dentistry and commonly asked client questions, replete with proper responses. New for this edition is expanded coverage of pocket pets and an added section on diagnostic radiology and interpretation. It also features an all-new Evolve companion website including client handouts, an instructor test bank, image collection, and PowerPoint slides. With its comprehensive coverage and team approach, this text is the ideal resource for both vet tech and vet students to quickly master the art of animal dentistry.
- Clear, heavily illustrated procedures provide a more detailed look at the skills you need to master.
- Vet Tech Threads include a variety of pedagogical features including learning objective, key terms, chapter outlines, Technician Notes, and more to help you navigate through chapters and focus your learning.
- Inclusion of digital dental radiography develops your understanding of direct radiology versus computerized radiology and the economic considerations of both.
- Dental terminology is incorporated to help you master the proper language and improve office communication.
- NEW! Updated terminology throughout, based on the American Veterinary Dental College Nomenclature Committee, helps you master the proper language and improve office communication.
- NEW! Section on diagnostic radiology and interpretation helps you understand nuances on radiographs.
- NEW! Expanded coverage of pocket pets provides vital information on these increasingly popular pets.
- NEW Full-color illustrations gives you a better picture of concepts, equipment, and procedure details.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | Cover | ||
| Inside Front Cover | ES2 | ||
| Veterinary Dentistry | iii | ||
| Copyright | iv | ||
| Dedication | v | ||
| Contributors | vii | ||
| Preface | viii | ||
| Contents | ix | ||
| Chapter 1: Introduction to Veterinary Dentistry | 1 | ||
| Outline | 1 | ||
| Key Terms | 2 | ||
| Why Veterinary Dentistry? | 2 | ||
| Dental Anatomy and Dental Terminology | 2 | ||
| General Anatomy | 2 | ||
| Types of Heads | 2 | ||
| Mesaticephalic | 2 | ||
| Brachycephalic | 2 | ||
| Dolichocephalic | 2 | ||
| Maxilla | 3 | ||
| Mandible | 3 | ||
| Cheeks and Lips | 3 | ||
| Tooth Anatomy | 5 | ||
| External Tooth | 5 | ||
| Internal Tooth | 5 | ||
| Gingiva | 5 | ||
| Alveolar Mucosa | 7 | ||
| Attachment Apparatus | 7 | ||
| Dental Formula for the Puppy | 7 | ||
| Dental Formula for the Adult Dog | 7 | ||
| Dental Formula for the Kitten | 7 | ||
| Dental Formula for the Adult Cat | 7 | ||
| Root Structure of the Adult Dog | 8 | ||
| Root Structure of the Adult Cat | 9 | ||
| Furcation | 9 | ||
| Nomenclature | 9 | ||
| Positional Terminology | 9 | ||
| Line Angles | 10 | ||
| Coronal-Apical Directions | 10 | ||
| Between Teeth | 10 | ||
| Occlusion | 11 | ||
| Anatomic and Triadan Numbering Systems | 11 | ||
| Anatomic Numbering System | 13 | ||
| Incisors = I | 13 | ||
| Canines = C | 13 | ||
| Premolars = P | 13 | ||
| Molars = M | 13 | ||
| Primary (Deciduous) Teeth | 13 | ||
| Shortcut | 13 | ||
| Modification for Alphanumeric Computers | 13 | ||
| Advantages | 13 | ||
| Disadvantages | 14 | ||
| Triadan Numbering System | 14 | ||
| Quadrant | 14 | ||
| Tooth | 14 | ||
| Rule of 4 and 9 | 14 | ||
| Deciduous (Primary) Teeth | 14 | ||
| Advantages | 14 | ||
| Disadvantage | 14 | ||
| Dental Chart for the Dog | 15 | ||
| Dental Chart for the Cat | 15 | ||
| Dental Charting | 18 | ||
| Chapter 1 Worksheet | 20 | ||
| Chapter 2: The Oral Examination and Disease Recognition | 21 | ||
| Outline | 21 | ||
| Key Terms | 22 | ||
| Oral Examination | 23 | ||
| Normal Occlusion | 23 | ||
| Specialties of Dentistry | 25 | ||
| Oral Diseases and Dental Specialties | 25 | ||
| Pedodontics | 25 | ||
| Missing Teeth | 25 | ||
| Persistent Primary Teeth | 25 | ||
| Dentinogenesis Imperfecta | 27 | ||
| Pericoronitis/Operculitis | 27 | ||
| Cranial Mandibular Osteodystrophy | 28 | ||
| Mandibular Periostitis Ossificans | 28 | ||
| Fractured Deciduous (Primary) Teeth | 28 | ||
| Supernumerary Teeth | 28 | ||
| Peg teeth | 31 | ||
| Third Set of teeth | 31 | ||
| Fused and Gemini Teeth | 33 | ||
| Dilacerated Roots | 34 | ||
| Orthodontic Disease | 35 | ||
| Class I Malocclusions | 35 | ||
| Spearing (lancing) canines | 35 | ||
| Spearing (lancing) lateral incisors | 35 | ||
| Base-narrowed canines | 35 | ||
| Rostral (anterior) crossbite | 37 | ||
| Caudal (posterior) crossbite | 38 | ||
| Class II Occlusion | 38 | ||
| Class III Occlusions | 38 | ||
| Mandibular prognathism | 38 | ||
| Maxillary brachygnathism | 38 | ||
| Asymmetric Skeletal Malocclusion Class IV Malocclusion (MAL4) | 38 | ||
| Iatrogenic Orthodontic Disease | 39 | ||
| Oropharyngeal Inflammation | 41 | ||
| Examples of the Appearance of Various Regional Oral Inflammatory Diseases | 44 | ||
| Juvenile Periodontitis | 46 | ||
| Autoimmune Conditions Affecting the Mouth | 46 | ||
| Adverse Conditions of the Tooth Surface | 47 | ||
| Stains | 47 | ||
| Abrasions | 47 | ||
| Attrition | 47 | ||
| Abnormalities of Enamel Formation | 47 | ||
| Enamel Hypoplasia | 47 | ||
| Caries | 49 | ||
| Foreign Bodies | 49 | ||
| Endodontic Disease | 51 | ||
| Fracture Classification | 51 | ||
| Fractures of Specific Tooth Types | 51 | ||
| Incisors | 51 | ||
| Canines | 51 | ||
| Premolars | 53 | ||
| Molars | 54 | ||
| Tooth Discoloration | 55 | ||
| Luxations (T/LUX) | 56 | ||
| Avulsions (T/A) | 56 | ||
| Electric Cord Shock (TMA/E) | 56 | ||
| Tooth Resorption (TR) | 56 | ||
| Oral Medical Disease | 57 | ||
| Oronasal Fistulas (ONF) | 57 | ||
| Uremic Ulceration | 57 | ||
| Renal Secondary Hyperparathyroidism with Osteodystrophy | 58 | ||
| Oral Neoplasia | 58 | ||
| Nonclinically Aggressive | 58 | ||
| Canine Oral Viral Oral Papillomatosis (OM/PAP) | 58 | ||
| Granulomas | 58 | ||
| Cheek chewing granulomas (CL/B) | 58 | ||
| Oral Fibromyxolipoma | 58 | ||
| Gingival Hyperplasia (GH) | 58 | ||
| Peripheral Odontogenic Fibroma (OM/POF) | 61 | ||
| Odontomas | 61 | ||
| Ulcerative Eosinophilic Stomatitis | 61 | ||
| Sublingual Fibrolipoma | 61 | ||
| Clinically Aggressive Tumors | 61 | ||
| Acanthomatous Ameloblastomas (OM/AA) | 61 | ||
| Extramedulary Plasmacytoma (EMP) | 61 | ||
| Fibrosarcomas (OM/FS) | 61 | ||
| Lingual Mast Cell Tumor (MCT) | 61 | ||
| Multicentric Epithelial Lymphoma | 61 | ||
| Malignant Melanomas (OM/MM) | 67 | ||
| Maxillary Multilobular Osteochondroma | 67 | ||
| Odontogenic Fibromyxoma (OM) | 67 | ||
| Oral Papillary Squamous Cell Carcinoma (PSCC) | 67 | ||
| Salivary Gland Carcinoma (SGC) | 67 | ||
| Squamous Cell Carcinomas (OM/SCC) | 69 | ||
| Other Traumatic Oral Conditions | 71 | ||
| Mandibular Lip Avulsion | 71 | ||
| Temporomandibular Joint Luxation | 72 | ||
| Chapter 2 Worksheet | 72 | ||
| Chapter 3: Dental Instruments and Equipment | 73 | ||
| Outline | 73 | ||
| Key Terms | 74 | ||
| Organization of the Dental Department | 74 | ||
| Hand Instruments | 74 | ||
| Explorers | 77 | ||
| Shepherd’s Hook | 77 | ||
| Pigtail Explorer | 77 | ||
| Periodontal Probes | 77 | ||
| Calculus Removal Forceps | 78 | ||
| Scalers | 79 | ||
| Curettes | 80 | ||
| Curette and Scaler Care | 80 | ||
| Testing for Sharpness | 81 | ||
| Visual inspection | 81 | ||
| Sharpening stick | 81 | ||
| Sharpening Equipment | 81 | ||
| Flat stones | 81 | ||
| Sharpening Technique | 82 | ||
| Flat stone | 82 | ||
| Conical stone | 87 | ||
| Rx Honing Machine | 88 | ||
| Power Scalers | 88 | ||
| Ultrasonic Instruments | 88 | ||
| Magnetostrictive | 88 | ||
| Ultrasonic metal strips/stacks | 88 | ||
| Ultrasonic and combination electric motor handpieces | 88 | ||
| Ultrasonic ferroceramic rod | 88 | ||
| Inserting ultrasonic inserts | 88 | ||
| Piezoelectric | 92 | ||
| Medicaments in Irrigating Solutions | 94 | ||
| Ultrasonic Tips | 94 | ||
| Sonic Scalers | 94 | ||
| Rotary Scalers | 94 | ||
| Dental Units for Polishing and Drilling | 95 | ||
| Electric-Powered Systems | 95 | ||
| Air-Powered Systems | 95 | ||
| Air-Compressor Systems | 96 | ||
| Compressor Care | 99 | ||
| Handpieces | 99 | ||
| Low-Speed Handpieces | 99 | ||
| low-speed attachments | 99 | ||
| Care of low-speed handpieces | 102 | ||
| Prophy and contra angles | 102 | ||
| High-Speed Handpieces | 102 | ||
| Changing high-speed burs | 102 | ||
| Bur selection | 104 | ||
| Types of burs | 104 | ||
| Pear-shaped burs | 104 | ||
| Crosscut fissure burs | 105 | ||
| Inverted-cone burs | 105 | ||
| Round burs | 105 | ||
| Diamond burs | 105 | ||
| Finishing burs, | 106 | ||
| Care of high-speed handpieces | 106 | ||
| Lubrication | 106 | ||
| Defective turbine | 106 | ||
| Changing turbines | 106 | ||
| Troubleshooting High-Speed Handpieces | 107 | ||
| Three-Way Syringes | 108 | ||
| Suction | 108 | ||
| Lighting and Magnification | 108 | ||
| Lighting | 108 | ||
| Magnification | 109 | ||
| Disinfection and Sterilization | 110 | ||
| Chapter 3 Worksheet | 110 | ||
| Chapter 4: Personal Safety and Ergonomics | 111 | ||
| Outline | 111 | ||
| Key Terms | 111 | ||
| HAZCOM | 112 | ||
| Safety Requirements for Veterinary Dentistry | 112 | ||
| Types of Hazards | 112 | ||
| Eye Protection | 112 | ||
| Mouth and Lung Protection | 112 | ||
| Masks | 113 | ||
| Hand and Skin Protection | 113 | ||
| Handwashing | 113 | ||
| Handwashing Agents | 113 | ||
| Handwashing Technique | 113 | ||
| Glove Concerns | 113 | ||
| Sharps | 113 | ||
| Eye Shields | 113 | ||
| Safety With Products | 114 | ||
| Material Safety Data Sheets | 114 | ||
| Labels | 114 | ||
| Composite Restoration Materials | 114 | ||
| Toxins | 114 | ||
| Repetitive Motion Disorders | 114 | ||
| Ergonomics in the Workplace | 115 | ||
| Neutral Position | 115 | ||
| Preventive Procedures | 115 | ||
| Fitted gloves vs. ambidextrous gloves | 115 | ||
| Mechanical dentistry | 115 | ||
| Instrument handles | 116 | ||
| Patient positioning | 116 | ||
| Strengthening exercises | 116 | ||
| Lifestyle Ergonomics | 118 | ||
| Preventing Injury Away From the Workplace | 120 | ||
| Ergonomic Operatory Chairs and Tables | 120 | ||
| Dental Chairs | 120 | ||
| Ergonomic Tables | 120 | ||
| Chapter 4 Worksheet | 124 | ||
| Chapter 5: Local Anesthesia | 125 | ||
| Outline | 125 | ||
| Key Terms | 125 | ||
| Infiltration Blocks | 126 | ||
| Chapter 6: Pathogenesis of Periodontal Disease | 138 | ||
| Outline | 138 | ||
| Key Terms | 138 | ||
| Periodontal Disease | 139 | ||
| Systemic Effects of Periodontal Disease | 139 | ||
| Etiology | 139 | ||
| Types of Bacteria | 139 | ||
| Location of Plaque | 139 | ||
| Patient Response | 140 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 140 | ||
| Systemic Inflammatory Response | 140 | ||
| Initial Signs | 140 | ||
| Periodontal Disease Classification | 142 | ||
| Furcation Index | 151 | ||
| Healthy Gingiva | 151 | ||
| Type 1 Early Gingivitis | 151 | ||
| Type 2 Advanced Gingivitis | 151 | ||
| Type 3 Early Periodontitis | 151 | ||
| Type 4 Established Periodontitis | 151 | ||
| Chapter 6 Worksheet | 152 | ||
| Chapter 7: The Complete Prophy | 153 | ||
| Outline | 153 | ||
| Key Terms | 154 | ||
| Preparation for the Procedure | 154 | ||
| Anesthesia Induction | 155 | ||
| Steps to the Complete Prophy | 155 | ||
| When to Use Antibiotics | 155 | ||
| Patient Care | 155 | ||
| Step 1: Preliminary Examination and Evaluation | 155 | ||
| Step 2: Supragingival Gross Calculus Removal | 155 | ||
| Hand Scalers | 155 | ||
| Calculus Removal Forceps | 155 | ||
| Ultrasonic or Sonic Scalers | 156 | ||
| Power instrument grasp | 156 | ||
| Water flow | 157 | ||
| Insertion | 157 | ||
| Pressure | 157 | ||
| Adaptation | 157 | ||
| Ultrasonic technique | 157 | ||
| Power settings—dial type units | 157 | ||
| Adjusting power with the iM3 42-12 unit | 157 | ||
| Rotary Scalers | 161 | ||
| Step 3: Periodontal Probing (and Periodontal Charting) | 161 | ||
| Probing Technique | 161 | ||
| Charting | 161 | ||
| Step 4: Subgingival Calculus Removal | 164 | ||
| Hand Instrument Technique | 164 | ||
| Modified pen grasp | 165 | ||
| Adapting to the Tooth | 166 | ||
| Step 5: Detection of Missed Plaque and Calculus | 166 | ||
| Application of Disclosing Solution | 166 | ||
| Air-drying | 166 | ||
| Step 6: Mechanical Polishing or Air Polishing | 168 | ||
| Mechanical Polishing | 168 | ||
| Air Polishing | 169 | ||
| Step 7: Sulcus Irrigation and Fluoride Treatment | 169 | ||
| Step 8: Application of a Sealer | 169 | ||
| Step 9: Periodontal Diagnostics | 174 | ||
| Periodontal Radiographs | 174 | ||
| Step 10: Final Charting | 174 | ||
| Step 11: Home Care | 174 | ||
| Nonprofessional Dental Scaling (NPDS) | 175 | ||
| Chapter 7 Worksheet | 177 | ||
| Chapter 8: Home-Care Instruction and Products | 178 | ||
| Outline | 178 | ||
| Key Terms | 178 | ||
| Client Education | 179 | ||
| Demonstration | 179 | ||
| Home-Care Products | 179 | ||
| Tips for Difficult Cases | 179 | ||
| Advanced Techniques | 179 | ||
| Visual Aids | 180 | ||
| Plaque Control and Home Care | 182 | ||
| Toothbrushing | 182 | ||
| Brushing Devices | 182 | ||
| Wipe | 183 | ||
| Brushing Agents | 183 | ||
| Plaque-Removing Chews | 183 | ||
| Water Additives | 188 | ||
| Dog and Cat Foods | 188 | ||
| Enzyme Toothpastes | 188 | ||
| Antibacterial and Anticalculus Products | 195 | ||
| Rinses/Brushing Agents | 195 | ||
| Chlorhexidine | 195 | ||
| Water additives | 195 | ||
| Zinc | 195 | ||
| Fluoride gels | 195 | ||
| Selecting the Appropriate Home-Care Product | 196 | ||
| Other Home-Care Aids | 197 | ||
| Plaque-Removing Chew Toys | 197 | ||
| Chapter 8 Worksheet | 198 | ||
| Chapter 9: Periodontal Therapy | 199 | ||
| Outline | 199 | ||
| Key Terms | 199 | ||
| Scaling | 200 | ||
| Root Planing | 200 | ||
| Root Planing: Technique | 200 | ||
| Periodontal Debridement | 201 | ||
| Changes in Instrumentation Theory | 201 | ||
| Cementum Removal | 201 | ||
| Benefits of Ultrasonic Periodontal Therapy | 201 | ||
| Ultrasonic Tips | 201 | ||
| Local Antibiotic Therapy | 201 | ||
| Doxirobe | 201 | ||
| Arestin | 204 | ||
| Clindoral | 204 | ||
| Mucositis in Dogs | 207 | ||
| Chapter 9 Worksheet | 207 | ||
| Chapter 10: Feline Dentistry | 208 | ||
| Outline | 208 | ||
| Key Terms | 208 | ||
| Feline Chronic Gingivostomatitis | 209 | ||
| Cause | 209 | ||
| Tooth Resorption | 211 | ||
| Cause | 211 | ||
| Diagnosis | 211 | ||
| AVDC Stages | 211 | ||
| Treatment of Tooth Resorption | 218 | ||
| Prevention of Tooth Resorption | 218 | ||
| Alveolar Osteitis | 218 | ||
| Feline Orofacial Pain Syndrome | 218 | ||
| Chapter 10 Worksheet | 220 | ||
| Chapter 11: Intraoral Imaging | 221 | ||
| Outline | 221 | ||
| Key Terms | 222 | ||
| Indications for Dental Radiography | 222 | ||
| Unerupted or Impacted Teeth | 222 | ||
| Periodontal Disease | 223 | ||
| Endodontics | 223 | ||
| Exodontics | 223 | ||
| Routine Dental Procedures | 223 | ||
| Contraindication for Dental Radiology | 225 | ||
| Dental Radiographic Equipment and Materials | 225 | ||
| Veterinary Medical Machines | 225 | ||
| Dental Machines | 225 | ||
| Intraoral Film | 226 | ||
| Description | 226 | ||
| Dental Radiographic Film Sizes | 226 | ||
| Digital Radiology | 226 | ||
| Protective Measures | 232 | ||
| Radiographic Technique | 232 | ||
| Placing Film | 232 | ||
| Parallel Technique | 232 | ||
| Bisecting-Angle Technique | 232 | ||
| Maxillary caudal | 236 | ||
| Maxillary rostral | 236 | ||
| Mandibular rostral | 236 | ||
| Complete Study | 236 | ||
| Canine Teeth | 236 | ||
| Marking Radiographs | 236 | ||
| Positioning Guides | 241 | ||
| Trouble Spots | 241 | ||
| Maxillary fourth premolar | 241 | ||
| Maxillary second molar | 244 | ||
| Mandibular third molar | 244 | ||
| Maxillary canine | 244 | ||
| Feline caudal maxillary teeth | 244 | ||
| Dolichocephalics, Brachycephalics, and Toy Breeds | 246 | ||
| Efficient Radiology | 246 | ||
| Complications in Dental Radiology | 248 | ||
| Failure to Position Film Sensor Properly | 248 | ||
| Blurred or Double Images | 248 | ||
| Elongation of Image | 248 | ||
| Foreshortening of Image | 249 | ||
| Overlapping Dental Structures | 249 | ||
| Radiographic Film Processing | 249 | ||
| Technique | 249 | ||
| Developing Complications | 253 | ||
| Clear Film | 253 | ||
| Light Film With Poor Contrast | 253 | ||
| Light Film With Markings | 253 | ||
| Black Film | 253 | ||
| Brown Tint | 254 | ||
| Green Tint | 254 | ||
| Solution Disposal | 254 | ||
| Film Storage | 254 | ||
| Four Simple Rules for Positioning | 254 | ||
| Radiographic Errors | 254 | ||
| Positioning | 254 | ||
| Maintenance of Computerized Radiographic Equipment | 255 | ||
| Units (CR7 or ScanX) | 255 | ||
| Cleaning Phosphorous Plates | 255 | ||
| Radiographic Findings | 255 | ||
| Radiographic Anatomy | 255 | ||
| Normal Young Patient | 255 | ||
| Normal Older Patient | 255 | ||
| Periodontal Disease | 256 | ||
| Endodontic Disease | 256 | ||
| Tooth Resorption | 261 | ||
| Retained Roots | 261 | ||
| Neoplasia | 261 | ||
| Maxillary Multilobular Osteochondroma | 261 | ||
| Common Radiographic Interpretation Questions | 261 | ||
| Normal Chevron Sign versus Pathologic Apical Periodontitis | 261 | ||
| Feline Mandibular Symphysis | 262 | ||
| Canine Tooth Resorption—Is There a Fracture? | 262 | ||
| Cone Beam Computed Tomography | 262 | ||
| Chapter 11 Worksheet | 271 | ||
| Chapter 12: Exodontics (Extractions) | 272 | ||
| Chapter Outline | 272 | ||
| Key Terms | 272 | ||
| Indications for Exodontics | 273 | ||
| Preliminary to Exodontics | 273 | ||
| The Technician and Extractions | 273 | ||
| Instruments for Exodontics | 275 | ||
| Luxators, Elevators, Root Tip Picks, and Periosteal Elevators | 275 | ||
| Luxator | 275 | ||
| Elevators | 275 | ||
| Root Tip Picks | 277 | ||
| Periosteal Elevators | 279 | ||
| Vet-Tome Powertome | 279 | ||
| Magnification and Lighting | 279 | ||
| Sharpening Equipment | 279 | ||
| Sterilization of Equipment | 279 | ||
| Sterilization Monitoring | 281 | ||
| Exodontic Principles | 281 | ||
| Root Removal | 281 | ||
| Exodontic Technique | 281 | ||
| Single-Root Extraction | 281 | ||
| Vertical rotation | 282 | ||
| Horizontal rotation | 282 | ||
| Bone augmentation | 283 | ||
| Suturing | 284 | ||
| Multirooted Teeth | 284 | ||
| Premolar Extraction | 284 | ||
| Maxillary Fourth Premolar | 284 | ||
| Maxillary First and Second Molars | 284 | ||
| Complications of Extractions | 286 | ||
| Loss of Root Into the Mandibular Canal | 287 | ||
| Flap Surgery | 287 | ||
| Keys to Successful Exodontia | 290 | ||
| Conclusion | 290 | ||
| Chapter 12 Worksheet | 291 | ||
| Chapter 13: Advanced Veterinary Dental Procedures: Periodontal Surgery, Endodontics, Restorations, and Orthodontics | 292 | ||
| Outline | 292 | ||
| Key Terms | 293 | ||
| Periodontal Surgical Techniques | 293 | ||
| Evaluation for Procedure | 293 | ||
| Goal of Periodontal Surgery | 293 | ||
| Instruments and Materials | 293 | ||
| Treatment Techniques | 294 | ||
| Hyperplastic Gingiva | 294 | ||
| Gingivoplasty technique | 294 | ||
| Deep Periodontal Pocket | 294 | ||
| Indications for open flap and root planing | 295 | ||
| Open flap and root planing technique | 295 | ||
| Excessive Attachment of Frenula | 295 | ||
| Oronasal Fistula | 296 | ||
| Follow-Up Recommendations for All Periodontal Surgery | 296 | ||
| Endodontics and Restorations | 296 | ||
| Indications for Endodontic Therapy | 298 | ||
| Advantage of Endodontic Therapy | 298 | ||
| Endodontic Procedures | 298 | ||
| Vital Pulpotomy | 298 | ||
| Direct Pulp-Capping | 299 | ||
| Indirect Pulp-Capping | 299 | ||
| Standard Root Canal Therapy | 299 | ||
| Endodontic Equipment | 299 | ||
| Barbed Broaches | 299 | ||
| Files and Reamers | 299 | ||
| Endodontic Stops | 302 | ||
| Endo-Ring | 303 | ||
| Irrigation Materials | 303 | ||
| Cotton or College Pliers | 303 | ||
| Endodontic Materials | 303 | ||
| Pluggers | 306 | ||
| Endodontic Technique | 307 | ||
| Radiographs | 307 | ||
| Apicoectomy | 307 | ||
| Restorative Dentistry | 307 | ||
| Composite Restoration | 308 | ||
| Crown Restorations | 313 | ||
| Orthodontics | 314 | ||
| Bite Evaluation | 314 | ||
| Interceptive Orthodontics | 314 | ||
| Dental Models | 315 | ||
| Materials for Making Models | 315 | ||
| Technique for Making Models | 316 | ||
| Chapter 13 Worksheet | 322 | ||
| Chapter 14: Lagomorph, Rodent, and Ferret Dentistry | 324 | ||
| Outline | 324 | ||
| Key Terms | 325 | ||
| General Information | 326 | ||
| Lagomorphs | 326 | ||
| Rodents | 326 | ||
| Ferrets | 326 | ||
| Dental Anatomy | 326 | ||
| Dentition in the Lagomorph, Rodent, and Ferret | 326 | ||
| Type of Teeth in the Lagomorph | 326 | ||
| Type of Teeth in the Rodent | 326 | ||
| Type of Teeth in the Ferret | 326 | ||
| Incisor Teeth of Lagomorphs and Rodents | 326 | ||
| Hypsodont Cheek Teeth of Lagomorphs and Rodents | 331 | ||
| Periodontal Ligament | 331 | ||
| Adult Lagomorph Dental Formulas | 331 | ||
| Adult Rodent Dental Formulas | 331 | ||
| Adult Ferret Dental Formula | 331 | ||
| Instruments and Equipment Used to Treat Lagomorphs, Rodents, and Ferrets | 331 | ||
| Common Oral Problems and Diseases in Lagomorphs and Rodents | 340 | ||
| Gingivitis | 340 | ||
| Periodontitis | 340 | ||
| Enamel Hypomineralization/Hypoplasia | 340 | ||
| Caries | 340 | ||
| Malocclusion | 340 | ||
| Traumatic Malocclusion | 340 | ||
| Atraumatic Malocclusion | 340 | ||
| Tongue Entrapment | 341 | ||
| Incisor Tooth Overgrowth | 341 | ||
| Cheek Tooth Overgrowth | 341 | ||
| Jaw Abscess | 341 | ||
| Cheek Pouch Impaction | 345 | ||
| Stomatitis | 345 | ||
| Oral Tumors | 345 | ||
| Slobbers | 345 | ||
| Common Oral Problems and Diseases in Ferrets | 345 | ||
| Tooth Extrusion | 345 | ||
| Tooth Abrasion | 345 | ||
| Tooth Fracture | 345 | ||
| Malocclusion | 345 | ||
| Periodontal Disease | 346 | ||
| Preparation for Procedures | 346 | ||
| Preanesthesia Examination | 346 | ||
| Preanesthesia Preparation | 346 | ||
| Inhalant Anesthesia | 346 | ||
| Anesthesia Induction | 346 | ||
| Anesthesia Maintenance | 346 | ||
| Intubation | 346 | ||
| Blind Intubation | 347 | ||
| Pediatric Laryngoscope | 347 | ||
| Otoscope or Endoscopic Intubation | 347 | ||
| Stethoscope-Aided Intubation | 347 | ||
| Retrograde Intubation | 347 | ||
| Tracheotomy Intubation | 348 | ||
| Stabilization and Monitors | 348 | ||
| Complete Oral Examination | 348 | ||
| Palpation and Manipulation | 348 | ||
| Visual Examination and Aids | 348 | ||
| Diagnostic Imaging Examination | 348 | ||
| Charting | 349 | ||
| Treatment | 349 | ||
| Professional Dental Cleaning | 349 | ||
| Floating or Odontoplasty of Teeth | 350 | ||
| Tooth Cutters | 350 | ||
| Burs | 350 | ||
| Rasps and files | 350 | ||
| Abscess Treatment | 351 | ||
| Periodontal Abscesses | 351 | ||
| Periapical Abscesses | 351 | ||
| Periodontal-Periapical Abscesses | 351 | ||
| Extractions | 351 | ||
| Incisor Teeth | 351 | ||
| Canine Teeth in Ferrets | 353 | ||
| Cheek Teeth | 353 | ||
| Vital Pulp Therapy | 354 | ||
| Tooth Fillings | 354 | ||
| Drug Treatment | 354 | ||
| Home-Care Instructions | 355 | ||
| Chapter 14 Worksheet | 355 | ||
| Further Reading | 355 | ||
| Chapter 15: Marketing Veterinary Dentistry | 357 | ||
| Outline | 357 | ||
| Key Terms | 357 | ||
| Marketing Strategies | 358 | ||
| Gathering Client Information | 358 | ||
| Practice Brochures | 358 | ||
| Smile Book | 358 | ||
| Posters and Transparencies | 358 | ||
| Newsletters | 358 | ||
| Messages on Hold | 358 | ||
| Handouts | 358 | ||
| Estimate and Consent Forms | 361 | ||
| Recall System | 361 | ||
| Dental Models | 361 | ||
| Special Events | 362 | ||
| Internet Marketing | 362 | ||
| E-Mail Marketing | 362 | ||
| Websites | 362 | ||
| Social Media Sites | 363 | ||
| Marketing in the Examination Room | 363 | ||
| Chapter 15 Worksheet | 364 | ||
| Appendix A: Dental Equipment Inventory | 365 | ||
| Hospital Inventory | 365 | ||
| Basic | 365 | ||
| Intermediate and Advanced | 367 | ||
| Appendix B: AVDC Abbreviations for use in Case Logs Equine and Small Animal | 368 | ||
| Appendix C: AVDC Nomenclature Introduction | 378 | ||
| Nomenclature Adopted by the AVDC Board | 378 | ||
| Definitions of Veterinary Dentistry, Equine Dentistry and Beakology | 378 | ||
| Definitions of Items Applying to More Than One Oral Tissue or Disease | 378 | ||
| Anatomy of Oral, Dental, and Related Structures | 379 | ||
| Dental Anatomy | 379 | ||
| Nomenclature and Numbering of Teeth | 379 | ||
| Incisor Teeth | 379 | ||
| Premolar Teeth in the Cat: | 379 | ||
| Tooth Numbering: | 379 | ||
| Abbreviations Associated With Teeth: | 380 | ||
| Generations of Teeth in Diphyodont Species | 380 | ||
| Surfaces of Teeth and Directions in the Mouth | 380 | ||
| Vestibular/Buccal/Labial | 380 | ||
| Lingual/Palatal | 380 | ||
| Mesial/Distal | 380 | ||
| Rostral/Caudal | 381 | ||
| Teeth Abnormalities and Related Procedures | 381 | ||
| Enamel Abnormalities | 381 | ||
| Tooth Formation Abnormalities | 381 | ||
| Tooth Resorption | 381 | ||
| Stages of Tooth Resorption | 382 | ||
| Types of Resorption Based on Radiographic Appearance | 382 | ||
| Tooth Fracture Classification | 382 | ||
| Endodontic Terminology | 383 | ||
| Operative Dentistry and Prosthodontic Terminology | 384 | ||
| Jaw and TMJ Abnormalities | 385 | ||
| Jaw and TMJ Anatomy | 385 | ||
| Incisive Bones | 385 | ||
| Clinically Relevant Terms Related to the Mandible and Temporomandibular Joint: Anatomic Structure Comments | 385 | ||
| Other Terms Relating to the Jaws and TMJ | 386 | ||
| Jaw and Related Abbreviations | 386 | ||
| Periodontal Anatomy and Disease | 386 | ||
| Definitions of Stage, Grade and Index | 386 | ||
| Stages of Periodontal Disease | 386 | ||
| Furcation Involvement and Mobility Index | 387 | ||
| Furcation Index | 387 | ||
| Tooth Mobility Index | 387 | ||
| Gingival and Periodontal Pathology | 387 | ||
| Periodontal Treatment | 387 | ||
| Flap Surgery | 388 | ||
| Location of Donor Site: | 388 | ||
| Attachment to Donor Site: | 388 | ||
| Tissue to be Transferred | 388 | ||
| Tissue Thickness | 388 | ||
| Blood Supply | 388 | ||
| Direction and Orientation of Transfer | 388 | ||
| Oral Pathology: Inflammatory Diseases, Tumors, Other Abnormalities | 388 | ||
| Oral Inflammation | 388 | ||
| Autoimmune Conditions Affecting the Mouth | 389 | ||
| Oral Tumors | 389 | ||
| Types of Neoplasms Occurring in Oral Tissues (Listed in Alphabetical Order) | 389 | ||
| Diagnostic and Nonsurgical Treatment Procedures | 391 | ||
| Surgical Treatment Procedures for Oral Tumors | 391 | ||
| Other Oral Pathology | 392 | ||
| Tongue, Lips, Palate, Pharynx, Nose, Face, Salivary Glands and Lymph Nodes | 392 | ||
| Anatomy of the Tongue, Lips, Cheek and Palate | 392 | ||
| Abnormalities of the Palate | 393 | ||
| Anatomy of the Nose, Pharynx, Tonsil, and Face | 393 | ||
| Salivary Gland Abnormalities and Diagnostic Procedures | 393 | ||
| Lymph Nodes | 394 | ||
| Occlusal Abnormalities | 394 | ||
| Normal Occlusion | 394 | ||
| Normal Occlusion in a Dog | 395 | ||
| Normal Occlusion in a Cat | 395 | ||
| Malocclusion | 396 | ||
| Dental Malocclusions | 396 | ||
| Neutroclusion: Class 1 Malocclusion (MAL1) | 396 | ||
| Skeletal Malocclusions | 396 | ||
| Symmetrical Skeletal Malocclusions | 396 | ||
| Mandibular Distoclusion: Class 2 Malocclusion (MAL2) | 396 | ||
| Mandibular mesioclusion: Class 3 Malocclusion: (MAL3) | 396 | ||
| Aymmetrical Skeletal Malocclusions | 396 | ||
| Maxillomandibular Asymmetry: Class 4 Malocclusion (MAL4) | 396 | ||
| Management of Malocclusion | 397 | ||
| Oral Surgery | 398 | ||
| Palate, Pharynx and Nasal Surgery | 398 | ||
| Palate Surgery: Click the link | 398 | ||
| Grafts and Related Terminology | 398 | ||
| Appendix D: American Veterinary Dental College Position Statement | 400 | ||
| Veterinary Dental Healthcare Providers | 400 | ||
| Primary Responsibility for Veterinary Dental Care | 400 | ||
| Who May Provide Veterinarian-Supervised Dental Care | 400 | ||
| Operative Dentistry and Oral Surgery | 400 | ||
| Extraction of Teeth | 400 | ||
| Dental Tasks Performed by Veterinary Technicians | 400 | ||
| Veterinary Technician Dental Training | 400 | ||
| Tasks That May Be Performed By Veterinary Assistants (Not Registered, Certified, or Licensed) | 401 | ||
| Tasks That May Be Performed By Dentists, Registered Dental Hygienists, and Other Dental Health Care Providers | 401 | ||
| Bibliography | 402 | ||
| Glossary | 404 | ||
| Answers To Worksheets | 412 | ||
| Answers to Chapter 1 Worksheet | 412 | ||
| Answers to Chapter 2 Worksheet | 412 | ||
| Answers to Chapter 3 Worksheet | 412 | ||
| Answers to Chapter 4 Worksheet | 412 | ||
| Answers to Chapter 5 Worksheet | 413 | ||
| Answers to Chapter 6 Worksheet | 413 | ||
| Answers to Chapter 7 Worksheet | 413 | ||
| Answers to Chapter 8 Worksheet | 413 | ||
| Answers to Chapter 9 Worksheet | 413 | ||
| Answers to Chapter 10 Worksheet | 413 | ||
| Answers to Chapter 11 Worksheet | 413 | ||
| Answers to Chapter 12 Worksheet | 414 | ||
| Answers to Chapter 13 Worksheet | 414 | ||
| Answers to Chapter 14 Worksheet | 414 | ||
| Answers to Chapter 15 Worksheet | 414 | ||
| Index | 415 |