BOOK
Traumatic Brain Injury Rehabilitation, An Issue of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America, E-Book
Blessen C. Eapen | David X. Cifu
(2017)
Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
This issue will focus on traumatic brain injury and will include articles on the following: Pathophysiology of TBI; Acute Management of Moderate-Severe TBI; Disorder of Consciousness; Rehabilitation of Moderate-Severe TBI; Acute Diagnosis and Management of Concussion; Rehabilitation of Persistent Symptoms after Concussion Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy; Unique Aspect of TBI in the Military and Veteran; and many more!
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | Cover | ||
| Traumatic Brain InjuryRehabilitation\r | i | ||
| Copyright\r | ii | ||
| Contributors | iii | ||
| CONSULTING EDITOR | iii | ||
| EDITORS | iii | ||
| AUTHORS | iii | ||
| Contents | vii | ||
| Foreword | vii | ||
| Preface: Traumatic Brain Injury Rehabilitation\r | vii | ||
| Pathophysiology of Traumatic Brain Injury | vii | ||
| Acute Management of Moderate-Severe Traumatic Brain Injury | vii | ||
| Disorders of Consciousness | vii | ||
| Management of Medical Complications During the Rehabilitation of Moderate-Severe Traumatic Brain Injury | viii | ||
| Diagnosis and Management of Acute Concussion | viii | ||
| Rehabilitation of Persistent Symptoms After Concussion | viii | ||
| Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy: Known Causes, Unknown Effects | viii | ||
| Unique Aspects of Traumatic Brain Injury in Military and Veteran Populations | ix | ||
| Neuropsychological Evaluation in Traumatic Brain Injury | ix | ||
| Educational and Vocational Issues in Traumatic Brain Injury | ix | ||
| Integrative Medicine in Traumatic Brain Injury | ix | ||
| Medicolegal Issues in Traumatic Brain Injury | x | ||
| Toward a Postmodern Pragmatic Discourse Semioethics for Brain Injury Care: Empirically Driven Group Inquiry as a Dialogical ... | x | ||
| Research Frontiers in Traumatic Brain Injury: Defining the Injury | x | ||
| PHYSICAL MEDICINEANDREHABILITATION\rCLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA\r | xi | ||
| FORTHCOMING ISSUES | xi | ||
| August 2017 | xi | ||
| November 2017 | xi | ||
| February 2018 | xi | ||
| RECENT ISSUES | xi | ||
| February 2017 | xi | ||
| November 2016 | xi | ||
| August 2016 | xi | ||
| May 2016 | xi | ||
| Foreword | xiii | ||
| Preface\r | xv | ||
| Traumatic Brain Injury Rehabilitation\r | xv | ||
| Pathophysiology of Traumatic Brain Injury | 215 | ||
| Key points | 215 | ||
| TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY: CAUSES, PREVALENCE, AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE NATIONAL RESEARCH ACTION PLAN | 215 | ||
| MILD TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY | 216 | ||
| Causes, Diagnosis, and Symptoms | 216 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 217 | ||
| MODERATE AND SEVERE TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY | 218 | ||
| Causes, Diagnosis, and Symptoms | 218 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 218 | ||
| BLAST-INDUCED TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY | 219 | ||
| Causes, Diagnosis, and Symptoms | 219 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 219 | ||
| SUMMARY | 220 | ||
| REFERENCES | 220 | ||
| Acute Management of Moderate-Severe Traumatic Brain Injury | 227 | ||
| Key points | 227 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 227 | ||
| PATIENT EVALUATION AND MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW | 229 | ||
| History | 229 | ||
| Physical Examination | 229 | ||
| Prevention of Secondary Insults | 230 | ||
| ABCs | 230 | ||
| Monitoring | 231 | ||
| Initial Imaging | 231 | ||
| Follow-up Imaging | 232 | ||
| Molecular Biomarkers | 233 | ||
| PHARMACOLOGIC TREATMENT OPTIONS | 233 | ||
| Osmotic Diuretics | 233 | ||
| Analgesics and Sedatives | 234 | ||
| Anticonvulsants | 234 | ||
| Steroids | 234 | ||
| Pressors | 234 | ||
| NONPHARMACOLOGIC TREATMENT OPTIONS | 234 | ||
| Goals | 235 | ||
| Temperature | 235 | ||
| Hyperbaric Oxygen | 235 | ||
| Increased Intracranial Pressure | 236 | ||
| SURGICAL TREATMENT OPTIONS | 237 | ||
| Mass Lesions | 237 | ||
| Decompressive Craniectomy | 238 | ||
| Cranioplasty | 238 | ||
| TREATMENT RESISTANCE AND COMPLICATIONS | 239 | ||
| EVALUATION OF OUTCOME | 240 | ||
| SUMMARY AND DISCUSSION | 241 | ||
| REFERENCES | 241 | ||
| Disorders of Consciousness | 245 | ||
| Key points | 245 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 245 | ||
| CONSCIOUSNESS | 246 | ||
| CLINICAL ENTITIES | 246 | ||
| Brain Death | 246 | ||
| Coma | 247 | ||
| Vegetative State/Unresponsive Wakefulness State | 247 | ||
| Minimally Conscious State | 247 | ||
| Acute Confusional State | 247 | ||
| Locked in Syndrome | 247 | ||
| CLINICAL EXAMINATION AND QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT | 248 | ||
| BEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT SCALES | 248 | ||
| Coma Recovery Scale-Revised | 248 | ||
| Sensory Modality and Rehabilitation Techniques | 250 | ||
| Western Neurosensory Stimulation Profile | 250 | ||
| Wessex Head Injury Matrix | 250 | ||
| Sensory Stimulation Assessment Measure | 250 | ||
| Coma Near Coma Scale | 250 | ||
| Disorders of Consciousness Scale | 251 | ||
| IMAGING AND COMPLEMENTARY STUDIES | 251 | ||
| PET Scan | 251 | ||
| Functional MRI | 251 | ||
| Electroencephalograms | 251 | ||
| Event-Related Potentials | 252 | ||
| Bispectral Index/Power Spectral Analysis | 252 | ||
| TREATMENT INTERVENTIONS | 252 | ||
| Pharmacologic Treatment | 252 | ||
| Amantadine | 252 | ||
| Bromocriptine | 253 | ||
| Modafinil | 253 | ||
| Methylphenidate | 253 | ||
| Zolpidem | 253 | ||
| Levodopa | 253 | ||
| Nonpharmacologic Treatments | 254 | ||
| Neurorehabilitation | 254 | ||
| Transcranial direct current stimulation | 254 | ||
| Transcranial magnetic stimulation | 254 | ||
| Deep brain stimulation | 255 | ||
| SUMMARY | 255 | ||
| REFERENCES | 255 | ||
| Management of Medical Complications During the Rehabilitation of Moderate-Severe Traumatic Brain Injury | 259 | ||
| Key points | 259 | ||
| POSTTRAUMATIC SEIZURES | 260 | ||
| PAROXYSMAL SYMPATHETIC HYPERACTIVITY | 260 | ||
| SPASTICITY | 261 | ||
| POSTTRAUMATIC HYDROCEPHALUS | 261 | ||
| AGITATION | 262 | ||
| NEUROENDOCRINE DYSFUNCTION | 263 | ||
| HETEROTOPIC OSSIFICATION | 264 | ||
| VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM | 264 | ||
| CRANIAL NERVE DYSFUNCTION | 265 | ||
| FAMILY AND CAREGIVER SUPPORT | 265 | ||
| SUMMARY | 265 | ||
| REFERENCES | 266 | ||
| Diagnosis and Management of Acute Concussion | 271 | ||
| Key points | 271 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 271 | ||
| DEFINITION AND DIAGNOSIS OF ACUTE CONCUSSION | 272 | ||
| ACUTE CONCUSSION ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT | 274 | ||
| MULTIDIMENSIONAL ASSESSMENT OF ACUTE CONCUSSION | 274 | ||
| FOLLOW-UP EVALUATION AND MANAGEMENT OF ACUTE CONCUSSION | 275 | ||
| INJURY MANAGEMENT AND RETURN TO ACTIVITY AFTER CONCUSSION | 283 | ||
| SUMMARY | 285 | ||
| REFERENCES | 285 | ||
| Rehabilitation of Persistent Symptoms After Concussion | 287 | ||
| Key points | 287 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 287 | ||
| GENERAL APPROACH | 288 | ||
| Prevention | 288 | ||
| Identification | 288 | ||
| Early Intervention | 288 | ||
| Communication | 288 | ||
| Conceptualizing Cocontributing Factors | 289 | ||
| Caveats for Pharmacologic Treatment Options | 289 | ||
| Nonpharmacological Approach | 289 | ||
| Rest versus return to activity | 289 | ||
| SYMPTOM-SPECIFIC REHABILITATION INTERVENTIONS | 291 | ||
| Headaches | 291 | ||
| Considerations | 291 | ||
| Management | 292 | ||
| Mood | 293 | ||
| Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy | 301 | ||
| Key points | 301 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 301 | ||
| TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY | 303 | ||
| Epidemiology | 304 | ||
| CHRONIC TRAUMATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY | 305 | ||
| Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Macroscopy | 305 | ||
| Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Microscopy | 306 | ||
| Single Traumatic Brain Injury and Blast Traumatic Brain Injury | 307 | ||
| Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Prevalence | 307 | ||
| Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy–Related Long-Term Effects | 307 | ||
| CHRONIC TRAUMATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY: TAUOPATHY, OTHER PROTEINOPATHIES, AND GENETICS | 308 | ||
| Tau (Hyperphosphorylated) | 308 | ||
| β-Amyloid | 308 | ||
| Transactive Response DNA-binding Protein | 309 | ||
| α-Synuclein | 309 | ||
| Genetics | 310 | ||
| CHRONIC TRAUMATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY: ASTROCYTES, MICROGLIA, BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER, AND NEUROINFLAMMATION | 310 | ||
| Astrocytes | 310 | ||
| Microglia | 310 | ||
| Blood-Brain Barrier and Neuroinflammation | 310 | ||
| Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy and Brain Polypathology | 311 | ||
| COMBAT TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY AND BLAST TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY: CHRONIC TRAUMATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY? | 311 | ||
| Historical Perspective | 311 | ||
| Traumatic Brain Injury, Chronic Encephalopathy, and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder | 312 | ||
| FUTURE DIRECTIONS | 313 | ||
| Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy and Clinicopathologic Studies | 313 | ||
| Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy and Pathology-Imaging Correlation Studies | 313 | ||
| ACKNOWLEDGMENTS | 313 | ||
| REFERENCES | 314 | ||
| Unique Aspects of Traumatic Brain Injury in Military and Veteran Populations | 323 | ||
| Key points | 323 | ||
| INTRODUCTION/EPIDEMIOLOGY OF TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY IN THE MILITARY | 324 | ||
| MILITARY CULTURE | 324 | ||
| IDENTIFYING AND TREATING CONCUSSION IN THE WAR ZONE | 325 | ||
| Mechanism of Injury | 328 | ||
| VETERANS HEALTH ADMINISTRATION AND DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE SYSTEMS OF CARE FOR IDENTIFICATION AND TREATMENT OF TRAUMATIC BRAI ... | 328 | ||
| Traumatic Brain Injury Screening | 328 | ||
| Traumatic Brain Injury Rehabilitation | 329 | ||
| Disability Process | 329 | ||
| PSYCHIATRIC COMORBIDITIES IN MILITARY AND VETERANS HEALTH ADMINISTRATION SAMPLES WITH TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY | 330 | ||
| SUMMARY/FUTURE DIRECTIONS | 332 | ||
| REFERENCES | 332 | ||
| Neuropsychological Evaluation in Traumatic Brain Injury | 339 | ||
| Key points | 339 | ||
| AN OVERVIEW OF NEUROPSYCHOLOGY | 339 | ||
| CLINICAL UTILITY OF NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL EVALUATION | 340 | ||
| DECONSTRUCTING THE NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL EVALUATION | 341 | ||
| Test Selection | 341 | ||
| Test Validity Versus Assessment Validity | 342 | ||
| Neuropsychological Domains and Tests | 343 | ||
| Test Interpretation | 344 | ||
| NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL EVALUATION AND TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY OUTCOMES | 345 | ||
| MEASURING CHANGE OVER TIME | 346 | ||
| USE OF NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL EVALUATION TO INFORM INTERVENTIONS | 346 | ||
| NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL EVALUATION IN REHABILITATION | 347 | ||
| SUMMARY | 347 | ||
| REFERENCES | 348 | ||
| Educational and Vocational Issues in Traumatic Brain Injury | 351 | ||
| Key points | 351 | ||
| INTRODUCTION TO EDUCATIONAL ISSUES IN TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY | 352 | ||
| COLLABORATION AND INFORMATION DISSEMINATION | 353 | ||
| EDUCATIONAL SERVICES FOR STUDENTS WITH DISABILITIES | 353 | ||
| ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES | 355 | ||
| VOCATIONAL ISSUES IN TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY | 355 | ||
| PREDICTORS OF EMPLOYMENT | 356 | ||
| WORKPLACE SUPPORTS | 356 | ||
| EMPLOYMENT AVENUES | 358 | ||
| Supported Employment | 358 | ||
| Customized Employment | 359 | ||
| Internships | 359 | ||
| Apprenticeships | 359 | ||
| Postsecondary Education | 359 | ||
| PROMOTING SUCCESSFUL RETURN TO WORK | 359 | ||
| ROLE OF CLINICIANS RELATED TO EMPLOYMENT | 360 | ||
| SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS | 360 | ||
| REFERENCES | 361 | ||
| Integrative Medicine in Traumatic Brain Injury | 363 | ||
| Key points | 363 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 363 | ||
| Integrative Medicine | 363 | ||
| Complementary and Integrative Health | 364 | ||
| ACUPUNCTURE | 364 | ||
| NUTRACEUTICALS | 365 | ||
| OMEGA-3 FATTY ACIDS | 366 | ||
| ZINC | 366 | ||
| VITAMIN D | 367 | ||
| VITAMIN B3 | 367 | ||
| VITAMIN E | 368 | ||
| CREATINE | 368 | ||
| Creatine–Traumatic Brain Injury Studies | 368 | ||
| CURCUMIN | 369 | ||
| QIGONG | 369 | ||
| TAI CHI | 370 | ||
| YOGA | 371 | ||
| MEDITATION/MINDFULNESS | 371 | ||
| SUMMARY | 372 | ||
| REFERENCES | 373 | ||
| Medicolegal Issues in Traumatic Brain Injury | 379 | ||
| Key points | 379 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 379 | ||
| CONTROVERSIES AND CAVEATS | 380 | ||
| THE MEDICOLEGAL EXAMINATION: AN OVERVIEW | 381 | ||
| MEDICOLEGAL TERMINOLOGY | 381 | ||
| ETHICAL CAVEATS | 382 | ||
| REVIEW OF EXPERT ROLES IN MEDICOLEGAL CASES | 383 | ||
| INDEPENDENT MEDICAL EVALUATION TIPS FOR TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY CASES | 383 | ||
| THE INDEPENDENT MEDICAL EVALUATION EXAMINATION | 383 | ||
| THE INDEPENDENT MEDICAL EVALUATION REPORT | 384 | ||
| EXPERT WITNESS TESTIMONY: PREPARATION AND PERFORMANCE | 384 | ||
| NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT: A PHYSIATRIC PRIMER | 386 | ||
| Limitations of Neuropsychological Test Findings in a Medicolegal Setting | 387 | ||
| NEUROIMAGING AND NEUROPSYCHOLOGY: MEDICOLEGAL IMPLICATIONS FOR THE PHYSIATRIST | 388 | ||
| THE FUTURE OF NEUROPSYCHOLOGY AND NEUROIMAGING IN PHYSIATRIC EXPERT TESTIMONY | 388 | ||
| PRACTICAL RECOMMENDATIONS | 389 | ||
| SUMMARY | 389 | ||
| ACKNOWLEDGMENTS | 389 | ||
| REFERENCES | 389 | ||
| Toward a Postmodern Pragmatic Discourse Semioethics for Brain Injury Care | 393 | ||
| Key points | 393 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 394 | ||
| AS MCGRATH HAS POINTED OUT | 397 | ||
| AS PETRILLI STATES | 399 | ||
| THE ‘PRINCIPLIST PARADIGM’ IS INADEQUATE | 400 | ||
| PHILOSOPHIC FOUNDATIONS IN PEIRCEAN SEMIOTICS AND THE PROCESS OF SEMIOSIS | 402 | ||
| SUMMARY | 407 | ||
| REFERENCES | 408 | ||
| Research Frontiers in Traumatic Brain Injury | 413 | ||
| Key points | 413 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 413 | ||
| NEUROIMAGING | 414 | ||
| NEUROIMAGING RESEARCH | 415 | ||
| Diffusion Tensor Imaging Traumatic Brain Injury Literature Summary | 415 | ||
| MR Spectroscopy Traumatic Brain Injury Literature Summary | 415 | ||
| Functional MRI Traumatic Brain Injury Literature Summary | 415 | ||
| Resting State Functional MRI Traumatic Brain Injury Literature Summary | 416 | ||
| Susceptibility Weighted Imaging Traumatic Brain Injury Literature Summary | 416 | ||
| Arterial Spin Labeling Traumatic Brain Injury Literature Summary | 416 | ||
| Magnetoencephalography Traumatic Brain Injury Literature Summary | 416 | ||
| SERUM AND BLOOD BIOMARKERS | 416 | ||
| GENETICS | 418 | ||
| PHYSIOLOGY OF TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY | 420 | ||
| Minutes to Days After Brain Injury | 420 | ||
| Weeks to Months After Brain Injury | 422 | ||
| UNDERSTANDING THE PREINJURY AND POSTINJURY PHENOTYPE | 422 | ||
| Gender | 423 | ||
| Prior Head Injury | 423 | ||
| Headache History and Symptomatology | 423 | ||
| Attention Deficit Disorder/Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder | 423 | ||
| Psychiatric Comorbidities: Depression, Anxiety, and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder | 424 | ||
| Alcohol and Substance Use | 424 | ||
| Summary | 424 | ||
| FUTURE DIRECTIONS | 424 | ||
| SUMMARY | 425 | ||
| DISCLOSURE STATEMENT | 425 | ||
| REFERENCES | 425 | ||
| Index | 433 |