Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
Gain a foundational understanding of renal physiology and how the renal system functions in health and disease. Renal Physiology, a volume in the Mosby Physiology Series, explains the fundamentals of this complex subject in a clear and concise manner, while helping you bridge the gap between normal kidney function and disease with pathophysiology content throughout the book.
- Helps you easily master the material in a systems-based curriculum with learning objectives, "In the Clinic" and "At the Molecular Level" boxes, chapter summaries, clinical cases with review questions and answers, self-study questions, and a comprehensive exam.
- Includes more than 250 clear, 2-color diagrams that simplify complex concepts.
- Features clinical commentaries that show you how to apply what you've learned to real-life clinical situations.
Complete the Mosby Physiology Series! Systems-based and portable, these titles are ideal for integrated programs.
- Blaustein, Kao, & Matteson: Cellular Physiology and Neurophysiology
- Cloutier: Respiratory Physiology
- Pappano & Wier: Cardiovascular Physiology
- Johnson: Gastrointestinal Physiology
- White, Harrison, & Mehlmann: Endocrine and Reproductive Physiology
- Hudnall: Hematology: A Pathophysiologic Approach
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | Cover | ||
| RENAL PHYSIOLOGY | I | ||
| Series page | II | ||
| RENAL PHYSIOLOGY | III | ||
| Copyright | IV | ||
| Dedication | V | ||
| PREFACE | VI | ||
| ACKNOWLEDGMENTS | VII | ||
| CONTENTS | VIII | ||
| 1 - Physiology of Body Fluids | 1 | ||
| CONCEPT OF STEADY-STATE BALANCE | 1 | ||
| PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ELECTROLYTE SOLUTIONS | 2 | ||
| Molarity and Equivalence | 2 | ||
| Osmosis and Osmotic Pressure | 3 | ||
| Osmolarity and Osmolality | 3 | ||
| Tonicity | 4 | ||
| Oncotic Pressure | 5 | ||
| Specific Gravity | 5 | ||
| VOLUMES OF BODY FLUID COMPARTMENTS | 6 | ||
| COMPOSITION OF BODY FLUID COMPARTMENTS | 6 | ||
| FLUID EXCHANGE BETWEEN BODY FLUID COMPARTMENTS | 7 | ||
| Capillary Fluid Exchange | 8 | ||
| Cellular Fluid Exchange | 9 | ||
| Example 1: Addition of Isotonic NaCl to ECF | 10 | ||
| Example 2: Addition of Hypotonic NaCl to ECF | 10 | ||
| Example 3: Addition of Hypertonic NaCl to ECF | 10 | ||
| 2 - Structure and Function of the Kidneys | 14 | ||
| STRUCTURE OF THE KIDNEYS | 15 | ||
| Gross Anatomy | 15 | ||
| Ultrastructure of the Nephron | 15 | ||
| Ultrastructure of the Glomerulus | 19 | ||
| Ultrastructure of the Juxtaglomerular Apparatus | 23 | ||
| Innervation of the Kidneys | 24 | ||
| 3 - Glomerular Filtration and Renal Blood Flow | 25 | ||
| RENAL CLEARANCE | 25 | ||
| GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE | 27 | ||
| Glomerular Filtration | 28 | ||
| Determinants of Ultrafiltrate Composition | 29 | ||
| Dynamics of Ultrafiltration | 29 | ||
| RENAL BLOOD FLOW | 31 | ||
| REGULATION OF RENAL BLOOD FLOW AND GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE | 35 | ||
| Sympathetic Nerves | 35 | ||
| Angiotensin II | 36 | ||
| Prostaglandins | 37 | ||
| Nitric Oxide | 38 | ||
| Endothelin | 38 | ||
| Bradykinin | 38 | ||
| Adenosine | 38 | ||
| Natriuretic Peptides | 38 | ||
| Adenosine Triphosphate | 38 | ||
| Glucocorticoids | 38 | ||
| Histamine | 38 | ||
| Dopamine | 38 | ||
| 4 - Renal Transport Mechanisms: NaCl and Water Reabsorption Along the Nephron | 41 | ||
| GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF MEMBRANE TRANSPORT | 42 | ||
| GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF TRANSEPITHELIAL SOLUTE AND WATER TRANSPORT | 44 | ||
| NACL, SOLUTE, AND WATER REABSORPTION ALONG THE NEPHRON | 47 | ||
| Proximal Tubule | 47 | ||
| Na+ Reabsorption | 47 | ||
| Water Reabsorption | 49 | ||
| Protein Reabsorption | 50 | ||
| Organic Anion and Organic Cation Secretion | 51 | ||
| Henle’s Loop | 55 | ||
| Distal Tubule and Collecting Duct | 57 | ||
| REGULATION OF NACL AND WATER REABSORPTION | 59 | ||
| 5 - Regulation of Body Fluid Osmolality: Regulation of Water Balance | 66 | ||
| ARGININE VASOPRESSIN | 68 | ||
| Osmotic Control of Arginine Vasopressin Secretion | 70 | ||
| Hemodynamic Control of Arginine Vasopressin Secretion | 70 | ||
| Arginine Vasopressin Actions on the Kidneys | 71 | ||
| THIRST | 74 | ||
| RENAL MECHANISMS FOR DILUTION AND CONCENTRATION OF THE URINE | 75 | ||
| Medullary Interstitium | 79 | ||
| Vasa Recta Function | 81 | ||
| ASSESSMENT OF RENAL DILUTING AND CONCENTRATING ABILITY | 81 | ||
| 6 - Regulation of Extracellular Fluid Volume and NaCl Balance | 84 | ||
| WHOLE-BODY NA+ BALANCE | 85 | ||
| CONCEPT OF EFFECTIVE CIRCULATING VOLUME | 87 | ||
| VOLUME-SENSING SYSTEMS | 88 | ||
| Volume Sensors in the Low-Pressure Cardiopulmonary Circuit | 88 | ||
| Volume Sensors in the High-Pressure Arterial Circuit | 89 | ||
| Volume Sensor Signals | 89 | ||
| Renal Sympathetic Nerves | 89 | ||
| Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System | 90 | ||
| Natriuretic Peptides | 93 | ||
| Arginine Vasopressin | 93 | ||
| CONTROL OF RENAL NACL EXCRETION DURING EUVOLEMIA | 93 | ||
| Mechanisms for Maintaining Constant Na+ Delivery to the Distal Tubule in Euvolemia | 94 | ||
| Regulation of Distal Tubule and Collecting Duct Na+ Reabsorption in Euvolemia | 94 | ||
| CONTROL OF NA+ EXCRETION WITH VOLUME EXPANSION | 95 | ||
| CONTROL OF NA+ EXCRETION WITH VOLUME CONTRACTION | 96 | ||
| EDEMA | 98 | ||
| Alterations in Starling Forces | 98 | ||
| Capillary Hydrostatic Pressure (Pc) | 98 | ||
| Plasma Oncotic Pressure (πc) | 98 | ||
| Capillary Permeability | 99 | ||
| Lymphatic Obstruction | 99 | ||
| Role of the Kidneys | 100 | ||
| 7 - Regulation of Potassium Balance | 103 | ||
| OVERVIEW OF K+ HOMEOSTASIS | 103 | ||
| REGULATION OF PLASMA [K+] | 105 | ||
| Epinephrine | 106 | ||
| Insulin | 106 | ||
| Aldosterone | 106 | ||
| ALTERATIONS OF PLASMA [K+] | 107 | ||
| Acid-Base Balance | 107 | ||
| Plasma Osmolality | 107 | ||
| Cell Lysis | 107 | ||
| Exercise | 107 | ||
| K+ EXCRETION BY THE KIDNEYS | 108 | ||
| CELLULAR MECHANISMS OF K+ TRANSPORT BY PRINCIPAL CELLS AND INTERCALATED CELLS IN THE DISTAL TUBULE AND COLLECTING DUCT | 109 | ||
| REGULATION OF K+ SECRETION BY THE ALDOSTERONE-SENSITIVE DISTAL NEPHRON | 109 | ||
| Plasma [K+] | 110 | ||
| Aldosterone | 111 | ||
| Arginine Vasopressin | 113 | ||
| FACTORS THAT PERTURB K+ EXCRETION | 114 | ||
| Flow of Tubular Fluid | 114 | ||
| Acid-Base Balance | 114 | ||
| Glucocorticoids | 116 | ||
| 8 - Regulation of Acid-Base Balance | 119 | ||
| HCO3– BUFFER SYSTEM | 120 | ||
| OVERVIEW OF ACID-BASE BALANCE | 120 | ||
| RENAL NET ACID EXCRETION | 122 | ||
| HCO3– REABSORPTION ALONG THE NEPHRON | 122 | ||
| REGULATION OF H+ SECRETION | 124 | ||
| FORMATION OF NEW HCO3– | 127 | ||
| RESPONSE TO ACID-BASE DISORDERS | 131 | ||
| Extracellular and Intracellular Buffers | 131 | ||
| Respiratory Compensation | 131 | ||
| Renal Compensation | 133 | ||
| SIMPLE ACID-BASE DISORDERS | 133 | ||
| Metabolic Acidosis | 133 | ||
| Metabolic Alkalosis | 133 | ||
| Respiratory Acidosis | 134 | ||
| Respiratory Alkalosis | 134 | ||
| ANALYSIS OF ACID-BASE DISORDERS | 135 | ||
| 9 - Regulation of Calcium and Phosphate Homeostasis | 138 | ||
| CALCIUM | 139 | ||
| Overview of Ca++ Homeostasis | 140 | ||
| Ca++ Transport Along the Nephron | 142 | ||
| Regulation of Urinary Ca++ Excretion | 143 | ||
| Calcium-Sensing Receptor | 144 | ||
| PHOSPHATE | 145 | ||
| Overview of Pi Homeostasis | 145 | ||
| Pi Transport Along the Nephron | 146 | ||
| Regulation of Urinary Pi Excretion | 147 | ||
| INTEGRATIVE REVIEW OF PARATHYROID HORMONE AND CALCITRIOL ON CA++ AND PI HOMEOSTASIS | 148 | ||
| 10 - Physiology of Diuretic Action | 151 | ||
| GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF DIURETIC ACTION | 151 | ||
| Sites of Action of Diuretics | 152 | ||
| Response of Other Nephron Segments | 152 | ||
| Adequate Delivery of Diuretics to Their Site of Action | 152 | ||
| Volume of the Extracellular Fluid | 152 | ||
| DIURETIC BRAKING PHENOMENON | 153 | ||
| Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors | 155 | ||
| Loop Diuretics | 155 | ||
| Thiazide Diuretics | 156 | ||
| K+-Sparing Diuretics | 156 | ||
| Aquaretics | 156 | ||
| EFFECT OF DIURETICS ON THE EXCRETION OF WATER AND OTHER SOLUTES | 157 | ||
| Solute-Free Water | 157 | ||
| K+ Excretion | 157 | ||
| HCO3– Excretion | 157 | ||
| Ca++ and Pi Excretion | 158 | ||
| Additional Reading | 161 | ||
| A - Integrative Case Studies | 162 | ||
| CASE 1 | 162 | ||
| B - Normal Laboratory Values | 165 | ||
| C - NEPHRON FUNCTION | 166 | ||
| SUMMARY BY TRANSPORT PROCESS | 166 | ||
| D - Answers to Self-Study Problems | 170 | ||
| CHAPTER 1 | 170 | ||
| CHAPTER 2 | 172 | ||
| CHAPTER 3 | 173 | ||
| CHAPTER 4 | 173 | ||
| CHAPTER 5 | 175 | ||
| CHAPTER 6 | 176 | ||
| CHAPTER 7 | 177 | ||
| CHAPTER 8 | 178 | ||
| CHAPTER 9 | 179 | ||
| CHAPTER 10 | 179 | ||
| E - Answers to Integrative Case Studies | 181 | ||
| CASE 1 | 181 | ||
| CASE 2 | 182 | ||
| CASE 3 | 183 | ||
| CASE 4 | 184 | ||
| CASE 5 | 184 | ||
| CASE 6 | 185 | ||
| F - REVIEW EXAMINATION | 186 | ||
| CHAPTER 1 | 186 | ||
| CHAPTER 2 | 186 | ||
| CHAPTER 3 | 187 | ||
| CHAPTER 4 | 188 | ||
| CHAPTER 5 | 189 | ||
| CHAPTER 6 | 190 | ||
| CHAPTER 7 | 192 | ||
| CHAPTER 8 | 193 | ||
| CHAPTER 9 | 194 | ||
| CHAPTER 10 | 195 | ||
| G - Answers to Review Examination | 197 | ||
| CHAPTER 1 | 197 | ||
| CHAPTER 2 | 197 | ||
| CHAPTER 3 | 197 | ||
| CHAPTER 4 | 197 | ||
| CHAPTER 5 | 197 | ||
| CHAPTER 6 | 197 | ||
| CHAPTER 7 | 198 | ||
| CHAPTER 8 | 198 | ||
| CHAPTER 9 | 198 | ||
| CHAPTER 10 | 198 | ||
| INDEX | 199 | ||
| A | 199 | ||
| B | 200 | ||
| C | 200 | ||
| D | 201 | ||
| E | 202 | ||
| F | 202 | ||
| G | 202 | ||
| H | 203 | ||
| I | 204 | ||
| J | 204 | ||
| K | 204 | ||
| L | 204 | ||
| M | 204 | ||
| N | 205 | ||
| O | 205 | ||
| P | 206 | ||
| R | 207 | ||
| S | 208 | ||
| T | 209 | ||
| U | 210 | ||
| V | 210 | ||
| W | 210 | ||
| X | 211 | ||
| Z | 211 |