BOOK
Endocrine and Reproductive Physiology E-Book
Bruce White | John R Harrison | Lisa Mehlmann
(2018)
Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
- Helps you easily master the material in a systems-based curriculum with learning objectives, Clinical Concept boxes, highlighted key words and concepts, chapter summaries, self-study questions, and a comprehensive exam.
- Includes nearly 200 clear, 2-color diagrams that simplify complex concepts.
- Features clinical commentaries that show you how to apply what you've learned to real-life clinical situations.
- Keeps you current with recent advances in endocrine physiology with expanded material on reproductive endocrinology and metabolism, and many updates at the molecular and cellular level.
- Covers the latest developments in fertilization, pregnancy, and lactation, as well as fetal development, puberty, and the decline of reproductive function with age.
Complete the Mosby Physiology Series! Systems-based and portable, these titles are ideal for integrated programs.
- Blaustein, Kao, & Matteson: Cellular Physiology and Neurophysiology
- Johnson: Gastrointestinal Physiology
- Koeppen & Stanton: Renal Physiology
- Cloutier: Respiratory Physiology
- Pappano & Weir: Cardiovascular Physiology
- Hudnall: Hematology: A Pathophysiologic Approach
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | Cover | ||
| IFC | ES1 | ||
| Series Page | i | ||
| Endocrine and Reproductive Physiology | iii | ||
| Copyright | iv | ||
| PREFACE | v | ||
| CONTENTS | vi | ||
| 1 - Introduction to the Endocrine System | 1 | ||
| CHEMICAL NATURE OF HORMONES | 3 | ||
| Proteins/Peptides | 3 | ||
| Catecholamines | 5 | ||
| Steroid Hormones | 5 | ||
| Thyroid Hormones | 7 | ||
| TRANSPORT OF HORMONES IN THE CIRCULATION | 7 | ||
| CELLULAR RESPONSES TO HORMONES | 7 | ||
| Transmembrane Receptors | 9 | ||
| Transmembrane Receptors Using G Proteins | 13 | ||
| Receptor Tyrosine Kinases | 14 | ||
| Receptors Associated with Cytoplasmic Tyrosine Kinases | 15 | ||
| Receptor Serine/Threonine Kinase Receptors | 17 | ||
| Membrane Guanylyl Cyclase Receptors | 17 | ||
| Signaling from Intracellular Receptors | 17 | ||
| Overview of the Termination Signals | 21 | ||
| 2 - Endocrine Function of the Gastrointestinal Tract | 25 | ||
| ENTEROENDOCRINE HORMONE FAMILIES AND THEIR RECEPTORS | 27 | ||
| GASTRIN AND THE REGULATION OF GASTRIC FUNCTION | 28 | ||
| Overview of Regulation of Gastric Secretion and Motility | 28 | ||
| Gastrin and the Stimulation of Gastric Function | 29 | ||
| ENTEROENDOCRINE REGULATION OF THE EXOCRINE PANCREAS AND GALLBLADDER | 32 | ||
| Secretin | 33 | ||
| Cholecystokinin | 34 | ||
| INSULINOTROPIC ACTIONS OF GASTROINTESTINAL PEPTIDES (INCRETIN ACTION) | 35 | ||
| Gastric Inhibitory Peptide/Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Peptide | 35 | ||
| Glucagon-like Peptide-1 | 35 | ||
| ENTEROTROPIC ACTIONS OF GASTROINTESTINAL HORMONES | 36 | ||
| Gastrin | 36 | ||
| Secretin and Cholecystokinin | 37 | ||
| Glucagon-like Peptide-1 | 37 | ||
| Glucagon-like Peptide-2 | 37 | ||
| 3 - Energy Metabolism | 40 | ||
| Cell-Specific Metabolism of Primary Fuels | 41 | ||
| Nutrient Partitioning: The Digestive Phase | 41 | ||
| Nutrient Partitioning: The Fasting Phase | 42 | ||
| Insulin | 43 | ||
| Insulin Structure, Synthesis, and Secretion | 44 | ||
| Insulin Receptor | 46 | ||
| Glucagon | 48 | ||
| Glucagon Structure, Synthesis, and Secretion | 48 | ||
| Glucagon Receptor | 48 | ||
| Epinephrine and Norepinephrine | 48 | ||
| Intracellular Sensors and Regulators | 48 | ||
| METABOLIC HOMEOSTASIS: THE INTEGRATED OUTCOME OF HORMONAL AND SUBSTRATE/PRODUCT REGULATION OF METABOLIC PATHWAYS | 50 | ||
| Energy Metabolism During the Digestive Phase | 50 | ||
| Utilization of Glucose | 51 | ||
| Overview of Metabolism of Selected Amino Acids During the Digestive Phase | 52 | ||
| Overview of Long-Chain Free Fatty Acid Metabolism During the Digestive Phase | 53 | ||
| Storage of Glucose as Glycogen | 54 | ||
| Glycolysis | 55 | ||
| Entry of Pyruvate into the Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle | 57 | ||
| Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle | 57 | ||
| De Novo Lipogenesis | 58 | ||
| NADPH PRODUCTION THROUGH THE PENTOSE PHOSPHATE PATHWAY | 58 | ||
| Skeletal Muscle Metabolism During The Digestive Phase | 59 | ||
| Adipocyte Metabolism During the Digestive Phase | 59 | ||
| Adipocyte Metabolism During the Fasting Phase | 63 | ||
| Skeletal Muscle Metabolism During the Fasting Phase | 64 | ||
| ADIPOSE TISSUE–DERIVED HORMONES AND ADIPOKINES | 67 | ||
| APPETITE CONTROL AND OBESITY | 69 | ||
| Body Mass Index | 69 | ||
| Hypothalamic Neurons and Appetite Control | 69 | ||
| Long-Term Sequelae of Diabetes Mellitus | 70 | ||
| 4 - Calcium and Phosphate Homeostasis | 77 | ||
| PHYSIOLOGIC REGULATION OF CALCIUM AND PHOSPHATE: PARATHYROID HORMONE, 1,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN D, AND FGF23 | 78 | ||
| Parathyroid Hormone | 78 | ||
| Parathyroid Glands | 78 | ||
| Parathyroid Hormone Receptor | 80 | ||
| Vitamin D | 80 | ||
| Structure, Synthesis, and Transport of Active Vitamin D Metabolites | 80 | ||
| Vitamin D Receptor | 83 | ||
| SMALL INTESTINE, BONE, AND KIDNEY DETERMINE CA2+ AND PI LEVELS | 83 | ||
| Handling of Ca2+ and Pi by the Small Intestine | 83 | ||
| Handling of Ca2+ and Pi by Bone | 83 | ||
| Histophysiology of Adult Bone | 83 | ||
| Handling of Ca2+ and Pi by the Kidneys | 87 | ||
| Regulation of Ca2+/Pi Metabolism by Immune and Inflammatory Cells | 91 | ||
| Regulation of Ca2+/Pi Metabolism by Gonadal and Adrenal Steroid Hormones | 91 | ||
| Pseudohypoparathyroidism | 93 | ||
| Hypoparathyroidism | 93 | ||
| Vitamin D Deficiency | 93 | ||
| Paget Disease | 93 | ||
| Bone Problems of Renal Failure (Renal Osteodystrophy) | 94 | ||
| 5 - Hypothalamus-Pituitary Complex | 97 | ||
| NEUROHYPOPHYSIS | 99 | ||
| Synthesis of Antidiuretic Hormone (Vasopressin) and Oxytocin | 99 | ||
| Regulation of Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion | 102 | ||
| Relationship Between Osmotic and Volume Stimuli | 103 | ||
| Other Factors Altering Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion | 103 | ||
| Regulation of Thirst | 103 | ||
| Degradation | 104 | ||
| Oxytocin | 105 | ||
| Oxytocin and Uterine Motility | 105 | ||
| Oxytocin and Milk Letdown | 105 | ||
| Degradation | 105 | ||
| Pathologic Conditions Involving Oxytocin | 105 | ||
| ADENOHYPOPHYSIS | 106 | ||
| Endocrine Axes | 106 | ||
| Endocrine Function of the Anterior Pituitary | 108 | ||
| Corticotropes | 109 | ||
| Thyrotropes | 110 | ||
| Gonadotropes | 112 | ||
| Somatotropes | 114 | ||
| Effects of Growth Hormone on Growth | 118 | ||
| Insulin-like Growth Factors | 118 | ||
| Interaction of Role of Growth Hormone, Insulin-like Growth Factor, and Insulin in Different Metabolic States | 118 | ||
| Pathologic Conditions Involving Growth Hormone | 119 | ||
| Growth Hormone Deficiency | 119 | ||
| Growth Hormone Deficiency in Adults | 119 | ||
| Growth Hormone Excess Before Puberty | 119 | ||
| Acromegaly | 120 | ||
| Lactotropes | 121 | ||
| Growth | 122 | ||
| 6 - The Thyroid Gland | 125 | ||
| ANATOMY AND HISTOLOGY OF THE THYROID GLAND | 125 | ||
| PRODUCTION OF THYROID HORMONES | 126 | ||
| Iodide Balance | 127 | ||
| Overview of Thyroid Hormone Synthesis | 128 | ||
| Synthesis of Iodothyronines Within a Thyroglobulin Backbone | 128 | ||
| Secretion of Thyroid Hormones | 130 | ||
| TRANSPORT AND METABOLISM OF THYROID HORMONES | 131 | ||
| Regulation of Thyroid Function | 132 | ||
| Mechanism of Thyroid Hormone Action | 134 | ||
| Physiologic Effects of Thyroid Hormone | 135 | ||
| Cardiovascular Effects | 135 | ||
| Effects on Basal Metabolic Rate | 135 | ||
| Respiratory Effects | 136 | ||
| Skeletal Muscle Function | 136 | ||
| Effects on the Autonomic Nervous System and Catecholamine Action | 136 | ||
| Effects on Growth and Maturation | 138 | ||
| Effects on Bone, Hard Tissues, and Dermis | 138 | ||
| Effects on the Nervous System | 138 | ||
| Effects on Reproductive Organs and Endocrine Glands | 139 | ||
| 7 - The Adrenal Gland | 142 | ||
| ANATOMY | 142 | ||
| ADRENAL MEDULLA | 144 | ||
| Synthesis of Epinephrine | 144 | ||
| Mechanism of Action of Catecholamines | 145 | ||
| Physiologic Actions of Adrenomedullary Catecholamines | 146 | ||
| Metabolism of Catecholamines | 147 | ||
| ADRENAL CORTEX | 149 | ||
| Transport and Metabolism of Cortisol | 153 | ||
| Mechanism of Action of Cortisol | 153 | ||
| Physiologic Actions of Cortisol | 153 | ||
| Actions on Muscle | 155 | ||
| Regulation of Cortisol Production | 156 | ||
| Zona Reticularis | 156 | ||
| The Zona Reticularis Makes Adrenal Androgens | 157 | ||
| Metabolism and Fate: DHEAS and DHEA | 157 | ||
| Physiologic Actions of Adrenal Androgens | 159 | ||
| Regulation of Zona Reticularis Function | 159 | ||
| ZONA GLOMERULOSA | 159 | ||
| The Zona Glomerulosa Makes Aldosterone | 160 | ||
| Transport and Metabolism of Aldosterone | 160 | ||
| Mechanism of Aldosterone Action | 160 | ||
| Actions on Other Epithelia | 162 | ||
| Actions on Heart Muscle | 163 | ||
| Regulation of Aldosterone Secretion | 163 | ||
| Conn Syndrome | 167 | ||
| Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia | 167 | ||
| 8 - Life Cycle of the Male and Female Reproductive Systems | 170 | ||
| GENERAL COMPONENTS OF A REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM | 170 | ||
| OVERVIEW OF MEIOSIS | 170 | ||
| The Female Reproductive System | 173 | ||
| SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT IN UTERO | 174 | ||
| Male Development | 174 | ||
| FEMALE DEVELOPMENT | 176 | ||
| Physiologic Changes Associated With Puberty | 181 | ||
| Males | 181 | ||
| Females | 182 | ||
| Andropause | 183 | ||
| 9 - The Male Reproductive System | 186 | ||
| HISTOPHYSIOLOGY OF THE TESTIS | 186 | ||
| The Intratubular Compartment | 188 | ||
| Developing Sperm Cells | 188 | ||
| The Sertoli Cell | 188 | ||
| The Peritubular Compartment | 191 | ||
| The Leydig Cell | 191 | ||
| Peripheral Conversion to Estrogen | 193 | ||
| Peripheral Conversion to Dihydrotestosterone | 193 | ||
| Peripheral Testosterone Actions | 193 | ||
| Mechanism of Androgen Action | 194 | ||
| Transport and Metabolism of Androgens | 194 | ||
| HYPOTHALAMUS-PITUITARY-TESTIS AXIS | 195 | ||
| Regulation of Leydig Cell Function | 195 | ||
| Regulation of Sertoli Cell Function | 197 | ||
| MALE REPRODUCTIVE TRACT | 198 | ||
| 10 - The Female Reproductive System | 204 | ||
| ANATOMY AND HISTOLOGY OF THE OVARY | 204 | ||
| GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT, AND FUNCTION OF THE OVARIAN FOLLICLE | 204 | ||
| 11 - Fertilization, Pregnancy, and Lactation | 227 | ||
| Fertilization | 228 | ||
| Early Embryogenesis and Implantation | 231 | ||
| Structure of the Mature Placenta | 233 | ||
| Endocrine Function of the Placenta | 237 | ||
| Human Chorionic Gonadotropin | 237 | ||
| Progesterone | 238 | ||
| Estrogen | 238 | ||
| Human Placental Lactogen | 241 | ||
| Other Placental Hormones | 242 | ||
| PLACENTAL TRANSPORT | 242 | ||
| THE FETAL ENDOCRINE SYSTEM | 242 | ||
| Thyroid Gland | 242 | ||
| Adrenal Gland | 243 | ||
| MATERNAL PHYSIOLOGIC CHANGES DURING PREGNANCY | 244 | ||
| Cardiovascular Changes | 244 | ||
| Respiratory Changes | 244 | ||
| Renal Changes | 244 | ||
| Gastrointestinal Changes | 245 | ||
| Diabetogenicity of Pregnancy | 245 | ||
| PARTURITION | 245 | ||
| Placental Corticotropin–Releasing Hormone and the Fetal Adrenal Axis | 245 | ||
| Estrogen | 245 | ||
| Oxytocin | 245 | ||
| Prostaglandins | 246 | ||
| Uterine Size | 246 | ||
| Hormonal Regulation of Mammary Gland Development | 246 | ||
| Oral Contraceptives | 248 | ||
| Hormonal Treatment for Emergency Contraception and Abortion | 249 | ||
| IN VITRO FERTILIZATION | 249 | ||
| A - ANSWERS TO SELF-STUDY PROBLEMS | 251 | ||
| CHAPTER 1 | 251 | ||
| CHAPTER 2 | 251 | ||
| CHAPTER 3 | 252 | ||
| CHAPTER 4 | 252 | ||
| CHAPTER 5 | 253 | ||
| CHAPTER 6 | 254 | ||
| CHAPTER 7 | 255 | ||
| CHAPTER 8 | 255 | ||
| CHAPTER 9 | 256 | ||
| CHAPTER 10 | 256 | ||
| CHAPTER 11 | 257 | ||
| B - Comprehensive Multiple-Choice Examination | 258 | ||
| ANSWERS TO COMPREHENSIVE MULTIPLE-CHOICE EXAMINATION | 263 | ||
| C - Abbreviations and Symbols | 264 | ||
| INDEX | 267 | ||
| A | 267 | ||
| B | 267 | ||
| C | 268 | ||
| D | 269 | ||
| E | 269 | ||
| F | 270 | ||
| G | 270 | ||
| H | 271 | ||
| I | 271 | ||
| J | 272 | ||
| K | 272 | ||
| L | 272 | ||
| M | 272 | ||
| N | 273 | ||
| O | 273 | ||
| P | 273 | ||
| R | 275 | ||
| S | 275 | ||
| T | 276 | ||
| U | 276 | ||
| V | 276 | ||
| W | 277 | ||
| X | 277 | ||
| Z | 277 |