Menu Expand
Imaging in Pediatrics E-Book

Imaging in Pediatrics E-Book

A. Carlson Merrow, Jr. | Selena Hariharan

(2017)

Additional Information

Book Details

Abstract

Every page crafted by a collaborative team of pediatricians and pediatric radiologists, this unique title by Drs. A. Carlson Merrow, Jr. and Selena Hariharan is a practical, superbly illustrated reference designed specifically for today’s pediatrician. An ideal roadmap to the fast-changing landscape of diagnostic imaging tests, Imaging in Pediatrics not only guides you through the radiologic work-up of common pediatric disorders, but also translates the appearance and language of the work-up results for more effective communication between the pediatrician and the radiologist, resulting in enhanced understanding and better patient care.

  • Uses easy-to-read, bulleted text to highlight the most important facts about each disorder and its associated etiology, imaging work-up, clinical manifestations, and therapy.
  • Covers 248 diagnoses likely seen in practice, logically organized by anatomic region.
  • Helps you determine which studies to order and demonstrates and explains typical findings in accessible language.
  • Provides expanded coverage of key topics, including the imaging work-up of appendicitis that relies on ultrasound and MR over CT; new guidelines on vesicoureteral reflux and urinary tract infections; up-to-date recommendations on imaging in nonaccidental trauma, foreign body removal, and obesity-related diseases; revised nomenclature on pediatric lung diseases, vascular malformations, and neoplasms; and guidance on limiting the use of ionizing radiation in evaluating pediatric diseases.
  • Includes an imaging glossary, introductory prose chapters with general guidelines on imaging specific organ systems, and numerous illustrations depicting complex anatomic and pathologic relationships of individual entities.

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Cover\r Cover
Imaging in Pediatrics iii
Copyright Page\r iv
Dedications v
Contributing Authors vi
Foreword ix
Preface xi
Acknowledgments xiii
Sections xv
Table of Contents xvi
Chapter 1.\rBasics of Imaging 2
Introduction 2
Radiography 2
Fluoroscopy 2
Computed Tomography (CT) 2
Magnetic Resonance (MR) 3
Ultrasound & Doppler 4
Nuclear Medicine 4
Interventional Radiology 4
Chapter\r2. Potential Health Risks of Pediatric Imaging 6
Introduction 6
Contrast 6
Radiation 6
Anesthesia 6
Other Safety Issues 6
Selected References 6
SECTION 1:\rAirway 9
Introduction & Normals 10
Chapter 3.\rApproach to Pediatric Airway 10
Introduction 10
Imaging Modalities 10
Selected References 10
Chapter\r4. Expiratory Buckling of Trachea 12
Chapter\r5. Pseudothickening of Retropharyngeal Tissues 13
Newborn Airway Obstruction 14
Chapter 6. Congenital Nasal Pyriform Aperture Stenosis 14
Chapter 7. Nasolacrimal Duct Mucocele 15
Chapter 8. Choanal Atresia 16
Infectious Causes of Airway Compromise 17
Chapter 9. Epiglottitis 17
Chapter 10. Retropharyngeal Abscess 18
TERMINOLOGY 19
IMAGING 19
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 19
PATHOLOGY 19
CLINICAL ISSUES 19
SELECTED REFERENCES 19
Chapter 11. Croup 20
TERMINOLOGY 21
IMAGING 21
PATHOLOGY 21
CLINICAL ISSUES 21
SELECTED REFERENCES 21
Chapter 12. Exudative Tracheitis 22
Obstructive Sleep Apnea 23
Chapter 13. Enlarged Adenoid Tonsils 23
Chapter 14. Enlarged Palatine Tonsils 24
Chapter 15. Enlarged Lingual Tonsils 25
Chapter 16. Glossoptosis 26
Extrinsic Vascular Compression of Airway\r 27
Chapter 17. Double Aortic Arch 27
Chapter 18. Pulmonary Sling 28
Chapter 19. Right Arch With Aberrant Left Subclavian Artery 29
Miscellaneous Airway Obstructions 30
Chapter 20. Infantile Hemangioma, Airway 30
Chapter 21. Tracheobronchomalacia 31
SECTION 2:\rChest 32
Introduction & Normals 34
Chapter 22. Approach to Pediatric Chest 34
Imaging Modalities 34
Selected References 34
Chapter\r23. Normal Thymus 38
Chapter\r24. Palpable Normal Variants of Chest Wall 39
Congenital Lung Lesions 40
Chapter\r25. Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformation 40
Chapter\r26. Bronchopulmonary Sequestration 41
Chapter\r27. Bronchogenic Cyst 42
Chapter\r28. Congenital Lobar Overinflation 43
Neonatal Chest Issues 44
Chapter\r29. Esophageal Atresia and Tracheoesophageal Fistula 44
TERMINOLOGY 45
IMAGING 45
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 45
PATHOLOGY 45
CLINICAL ISSUES 45
SELECTED REFERENCES 45
Chapter\r30. Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia 46
TERMINOLOGY 47
IMAGING 47
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 47
PATHOLOGY 47
CLINICAL ISSUES 47
SELECTED REFERENCES 47
Chapter\r31. Surfactant Deficiency Disease 48
TERMINOLOGY 49
IMAGING 49
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 49
PATHOLOGY 49
CLINICAL ISSUES 49
SELECTED REFERENCES 49
Chapter\r32. Neonatal Pneumonia 50
Chapter\r33. Meconium Aspiration Syndrome 51
Chapter\r34. Transient Tachypnea of Newborn 52
Chapter\r35. Pulmonary Interstitial Emphysema 53
Chapter\r36. Neonatal Pneumothorax 54
Chapter\r37. Chylothorax 55
Chapter\r38. Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia 56
TERMINOLOGY 57
IMAGING 57
PATHOLOGY 57
CLINICAL ISSUES 57
SELECTED REFERENCES 57
Chest Infections 58
Chapter\r39. Viral Chest Infection 58
TERMINOLOGY 59
IMAGING 59
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 59
CLINICAL ISSUES 59
SELECTED REFERENCES 59
Chapter\r40. Round Pneumonia 60
TERMINOLOGY 61
IMAGING 61
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 61
PATHOLOGY 61
CLINICAL ISSUES 61
SELECTED REFERENCES 61
Chapter\r41. Parapneumonic Effusion and Empyema 62
TERMINOLOGY 63
IMAGING 63
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 63
PATHOLOGY 63
CLINICAL ISSUES 63
SELECTED REFERENCES 63
Chapter 42. Pneumonia With Cavitary Necrosis 64
Chapter 43. Papillomatosis 65
Mediastinal Masses 66
Chapter 44. Lymphoma 66
Chapter 45. Germ Cell Tumors 67
Trauma 68
Chapter 46. Child Abuse, Rib Fractures 68
TERMINOLOGY 69
IMAGING 69
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 69
PATHOLOGY 69
CLINICAL ISSUES 69
SELECTED REFERENCES 69
Chapter 47. Lung Contusion and Laceration 70
Chapter 48. Pneumomediastinum 71
Miscellaneous 72
Chapter 49. Asthma 72
TERMINOLOGY 73
IMAGING 73
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 73
CLINICAL ISSUES 73
SELECTED REFERENCES 73
Chapter 50. Bronchial Foreign Body 74
TERMINOLOGY 75
IMAGING 75
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 75
PATHOLOGY 75
CLINICAL ISSUES 75
SELECTED REFERENCES 75
Chapter 51. Cystic Fibrosis, Pulmonary 76
TERMINOLOGY 77
IMAGING 77
PATHOLOGY 77
CLINICAL ISSUES 77
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST 77
SELECTED REFERENCES 77
Chapter 52. Sickle Cell Disease, Acute Chest Syndrome 78
TERMINOLOGY 79
IMAGING 79
PATHOLOGY 79
CLINICAL ISSUES 79
SELECTED REFERENCES 79
Chapter 53. Pectus Excavatum 80
Chapter 54. Askin Tumor/Ewing Sarcoma of Chest Wall 81
SECTION 3:\rCardiac 83
Introduction & Normals 84
Chapter\r55. Approach to Pediatric Heart 84
Imaging Modalities 84
Selected References 84
Congenital Heart Disease 86
Chapter\r56. Atrial Septal Defect 86
Chapter\r57. Ventricular Septal Defect 87
Chapter\r58. Atrioventricular Septal Defect 88
Chapter\r59. Patent Ductus Arteriosus 89
Chapter\r60. Tetralogy of Fallot 90
Chapter\r61. Pulmonary Atresia 91
Chapter\r62. Ebstein Anomaly 92
Chapter\r63. D-Transposition of Great Arteries 93
Chapter\r64. L-Transposition of Great Arteries 94
Chapter\r65. Tricuspid Atresia 95
Chapter\r66. Truncus Arteriosus 96
Chapter\r67. Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return 97
Chapter\r68. Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome 98
Chapter\r69. Left Coronary Artery Anomalous Origin 99
Chapter\r70. Double Outlet Right Ventricle 100
Chapter\r71. Aortic Coarctation 101
Chapter\r72. Aortic Stenosis 102
Chapter\r73. Pulmonary Artery Stenosis 103
Cardiomyopathies 104
Chapter\r74. Myocarditis 104
Chapter\r75. Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy 105
Miscellaneous 106
Chapter 76. Heterotaxy Syndromes 106
TERMINOLOGY 107
IMAGING 107
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 107
PATHOLOGY 107
CLINICAL ISSUES 107
SELECTED REFERENCES 107
Chapter\r77. Kawasaki Disease 108
TERMINOLOGY 109
IMAGING 109
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 109
CLINICAL ISSUES 109
SELECTED REFERENCES 109
Chapter\r78. Rheumatic Heart Disease 110
Chapter\r79. Marfan Syndrome 111
SECTION 4:\rGastrointestinal 112
Introduction & Normals 114
Chapter\r80. Approach to Pediatric Gastrointestinal Tract 114
Imaging Modalities 114
Selected References 115
Neonatal Upper Intestinal Obstruction 118
Chapter 81. Malrotation 118
TERMINOLOGY 119
IMAGING 119
PATHOLOGY 119
CLINICAL ISSUES 119
SELECTED REFERENCES 119
Chapter 82. Midgut Volvulus 120
TERMINOLOGY 121
IMAGING 121
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 121
PATHOLOGY 121
CLINICAL ISSUES 121
SELECTED REFERENCES 121
Chapter 83. Duodenal Atresia or Stenosis 122
Chapter 84. Duodenal Web 123
Neonatal Lower Intestinal Obstruction 124
Chapter 85. Jejunoileal Atresia 124
Chapter 86. Meconium Ileus 125
Chapter 87. Hirschsprung Disease 126
TERMINOLOGY 127
IMAGING 127
PATHOLOGY 127
CLINICAL ISSUES 127
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST 127
SELECTED REFERENCES 127
Chapter 88. Neonatal Small Left Colon Syndrome 128
Chapter 89. Anorectal Malformation 129
Other Neonatal Gastrointestinal Disorders 130
Chapter 90. Necrotizing Enterocolitis 130
TERMINOLOGY 131
IMAGING 131
PATHOLOGY 131
CLINICAL ISSUES 131
SELECTED REFERENCES 131
Upper Gastrointestinal Abnormalities Typically\rSeen in Infants and Young Children 132
Chapter 91. Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis 132
TERMINOLOGY 133
IMAGING 133
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 133
PATHOLOGY 133
CLINICAL ISSUES 133
SELECTED REFERENCES 133
Chapter 92. Gastroesophageal Reflux 134
Chapter 93. Gastric Volvulus 135
Chapter 94. Ingested Coins 136
IMAGING 137
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 137
CLINICAL ISSUES 137
SELECTED REFERENCES 137
Chapter 95. Ingested Button Batteries 138
TERMINOLOGY 139
IMAGING 139
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 139
PATHOLOGY 139
CLINICAL ISSUES 139
SELECTED REFERENCES 139
Chapter 96. Ingested Multiple Magnets 140
TERMINOLOGY 141
IMAGING 141
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 141
PATHOLOGY 141
CLINICAL ISSUES 141
SELECTED REFERENCES 141
Abnormalities of Abdominal Wall 142
Chapter 97. Hernias 142
TERMINOLOGY 143
IMAGING 143
CLINICAL ISSUES 143
SELECTED REFERENCES 143
Other Abnormalities Associated With Bowel Obstruction 144
Chapter 98. Appendicitis 144
IMAGING 145
CLINICAL ISSUES 145
SELECTED REFERENCES 145
Chapter 99. Ileocolic Intussusception 146
TERMINOLOGY 147
IMAGING 147
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 147
PATHOLOGY 147
CLINICAL ISSUES 147
SELECTED REFERENCES 147
Chapter 100. Meckel Diverticulum 148
TERMINOLOGY 149
IMAGING 149
PATHOLOGY 149
CLINICAL ISSUES 149
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST 149
SELECTED REFERENCES 149
Liver Abnormalities 150
Chapter 101.Hepatoblastoma 150
Chapter 102. Hepatic Hemangiomas, Infantile and Congenital 151
Chapter 103. Focal Nodular Hyperplasia 152
Chapter 104. Hepatic Adenoma 153
Chapter 105. Biliary Atresia 154
Chapter 106. Choledochal Cyst 155
Chapter 107. Steatosis/Steatohepatitis 156
Chapter 108. Hepatic Fibrosis/Cirrhosis 157
Pancreatic Abnormalities 158
Chapter 109. Pancreatitis 158
TERMINOLOGY 159
IMAGING 159
PATHOLOGY 159
CLINICAL ISSUES 159
SELECTED REFERENCES 159
Mesenteric Abnormalities 160
Chapter 110. Mesenteric Adenitis 160
Chapter 111. Omental Infarction 161
Trauma 162
Chapter 112. Hepatic Trauma 162
Chapter 113. Splenic Trauma 163
Chapter 114. Duodenal Trauma 164
Chapter 115. Bowel Injury 165
Chapter 116. Pancreatic Trauma 166
Abnormalities in Immunocompromised Children 167
Chapter 117. Pseudomembranous Colitis 167
Inflammatory Bowel Disease 168
Chapter 118. Crohn Disease 168
Chapter 119. Ulcerative Colitis 169
Miscellaneous 170
Chapter 120. Esophageal Strictures 170
Chapter 121. Bezoar 171
Chapter 122. Gastrointestinal Duplication Cysts 172
Chapter 123. Small Bowel Intussusception 173
Chapter 124. Henoch-Schönlein Purpura 174
Chapter 125. Cystic Fibrosis, Gastrointestinal Tract 175
SECTION 5:\rGenitourinary 176
Introduction & Normals 178
Chapter\r126. Approach to Pediatric Genitourinary Tract 178
Genitourinary Tract Imaging Modalities 178
Selected References 179
Congenital Urinary Tract Abnormalities 182
Chapter\r127.Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction 182
TERMINOLOGY 183
IMAGING 183
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 183
PATHOLOGY 183
CLINICAL ISSUES 183
SELECTED REFERENCES 183
Chapter\r128. Vesicoureteral Reflux 184
TERMINOLOGY 185
IMAGING 185
PATHOLOGY 185
CLINICAL ISSUES 185
SELECTED REFERENCES 185
Chapter\r129. Ureteropelvic Duplications 186
Chapter\r130. Ureterocele 187
Chapter\r131. Primary Megaureter 188
Chapter\r132. Posterior Urethral Valves 189
Chapter\r133. Urachal Abnormalities 190
Chapter\r134. Renal Ectopia and Fusion 191
Multicystic Renal Disease 192
Chapter\r135. Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney 192
Chapter\r136. Polycystic Kidney Disease, Autosomal Recessive 193
Chapter\r137. Polycystic Kidney Disease, Autosomal Dominant 194
Renal Masses 195
Chapter\r138. Mesoblastic Nephroma 195
Chapter\r139. Wilms Tumor 196
TERMINOLOGY 197
IMAGING 197
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 197
PATHOLOGY 197
CLINICAL ISSUES 197
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST 197
SELECTED REFERENCES 197
Miscellaneous Renal Conditions 198
Chapter\r140. Pyelonephritis 198
TERMINOLOGY 199
IMAGING 199
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 199
PATHOLOGY 199
CLINICAL ISSUES 199
SELECTED REFERENCES 199
Chapter\r141. Renal Stones 200
TERMINOLOGY 201
IMAGING 201
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 201
PATHOLOGY 201
CLINICAL ISSUES 201
SELECTED REFERENCES 201
Chapter\r142. Renal Injury 202
Chapter\r143. Renal Vein Thrombosis 203
Bladder Abnormalities 204
Chapter\r144. Neurogenic Bladder 204
Chapter\r145. Bladder Diverticula 205
Chapter\r146. Rhabdomyosarcoma, Genitourinary 206
Adrenal Abnormalities 207
Chapter\r147. Neonatal Adrenal Hemorrhage 207
Chapter\r148. Neuroblastoma 208
TERMINOLOGY 209
IMAGING 209
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 209
PATHOLOGY 209
CLINICAL ISSUES 209
SELECTED REFERENCES 209
Uterine/Ovarian Abnormalities 210
Chapter\r149. Hydrometrocolpos 210
Chapter\r150. MĂĽllerian Duct Anomalies 211
Chapter\r151. Ovarian Teratoma 212
TERMINOLOGY 213
IMAGING 213
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 213
PATHOLOGY 213
CLINICAL ISSUES 213
SELECTED REFERENCES 213
Chapter\r152. Ovarian Cyst 214
TERMINOLOGY 215
IMAGING 215
CLINICAL ISSUES 215
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST 215
SELECTED REFERENCES 215
Chapter\r153. Ovarian Torsion 216
TERMINOLOGY 217
IMAGING 217
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 217
CLINICAL ISSUES 217
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST 217
SELECTED REFERENCES 217
Scrotal/Testicular Abnormalities 218
Chapter\r154. Epididymoorchitis 218
TERMINOLOGY 219
IMAGING 219
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 219
PATHOLOGY 219
CLINICAL ISSUES 219
SELECTED REFERENCES 219
Chapter\r155. Testicular Torsion 220
TERMINOLOGY 221
IMAGING 221
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 221
PATHOLOGY 221
CLINICAL ISSUES 221
SELECTED REFERENCES 221
Chapter\r156. Torsion of Testicular Appendage 222
TERMINOLOGY 223
IMAGING 223
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 223
PATHOLOGY 223
CLINICAL ISSUES 223
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST 223
SELECTED REFERENCES 223
Chapter\r157. Testicular Tumors 224
Chapter\r158. Testicular Trauma 225
SECTION 6:\rMusculoskeletal 226
Introduction & Normals 228
Chapter\r159. Approach to Pediatric Musculoskeletal System 228
Imaging Modalities 228
Selected References 229
Chapter\r160. Normal Primary and Secondary Growth Centers 232
Chapter\r161. Normal Developmental Variants Confused With Disease 233
Congenital Anomalies 234
Chapter\r162. VACTERL Association 234
TERMINOLOGY 235
IMAGING 235
PATHOLOGY 235
CLINICAL ISSUES 235
SELECTED REFERENCES 235
Chapter\r163. Polydactyly 236
Chapter\r164. Clubfoot 237
Trauma: General 238
Chapter\r165. Physeal Fractures 238
TERMINOLOGY 239
IMAGING 239
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 239
PATHOLOGY 239
CLINICAL ISSUES 239
SELECTED REFERENCES 239
Chapter\r166. Apophyseal Injuries 240
TERMINOLOGY 241
IMAGING 241
PATHOLOGY 241
CLINICAL ISSUES 241
SELECTED REFERENCES 241
Chapter\r167. Incomplete Fractures 242
TERMINOLOGY 243
IMAGING 243
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 243
CLINICAL ISSUES 243
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST 243
SELECTED REFERENCES 243
Chapter\r168. Child Abuse, Metaphyseal Fractures 244
TERMINOLOGY 245
IMAGING 245
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 245
PATHOLOGY 245
CLINICAL ISSUES 245
SELECTED REFERENCES 245
Chapter 169. Other Fractures of Child Abuse 246
TERMINOLOGY 247
IMAGING 247
PATHOLOGY 247
CLINICAL ISSUES 247
SELECTED REFERENCES 247
Chapter 170. Stress Injuries of Bone 248
TERMINOLOGY 249
IMAGING 249
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 249
CLINICAL ISSUES 249
SELECTED REFERENCES 249
Chapter 171. Osteochondroses 250
Chapter 172. Osteochondritis Dissecans 251
Chapter 173. Soft Tissue Foreign Bodies 252
Trauma: Upper Extremity 253
Chapter 174. Supracondylar Fracture 253
Chapter 175. Lateral Condylar Fracture 254
Chapter 176. Medial Epicondyle Avulsion 255
Chapter 177. Forearm Fractures 256
Trauma: Lower Extremity 257
Chapter 178. ACL Injuries 257
Chapter 179. Patellar Dislocation 258
Chapter 180. Tibial Tubercle Avulsion 259
Chapter 181. Triplane Fracture 260
Infection 261
Chapter 182. Transient Synovitis 261
Chapter 183. Septic Arthritis 262
TERMINOLOGY 263
IMAGING 263
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 263
PATHOLOGY 263
CLINICAL ISSUES 263
SELECTED REFERENCES 263
Chapter 184. Osteomyelitis 264
TERMINOLOGY 265
IMAGING 265
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 265
PATHOLOGY 265
CLINICAL ISSUES 265
SELECTED REFERENCES 265
Chapter 185. Soft Tissue Abscess 266
TERMINOLOGY 267
IMAGING 267
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 267
PATHOLOGY 267
CLINICAL ISSUES 267
SELECTED REFERENCES 267
Soft Tissue Masses 268
Chapter 186. Infantile Hemangioma, Musculoskeletal 268
Chapter 187. Venous Malformation 269
Chapter 188. Rhabdomyosarcoma 270
Focal, Multifocal, and Diffuse Bone Lesions 271
Chapter 189. Ewing Sarcoma 271
Chapter 190. Osteosarcoma 272
Chapter 191. Leukemia 273
Chapter 192. Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis, General 274
Chapter 193. Fibroxanthoma 275
Chapter 194. Osteoid Osteoma 276
Chapter 195. Osteochondroma 277
Abnormalities of Hip 278
Chapter 196. Developmental Dysplasia of Hip 278
TERMINOLOGY 279
IMAGING 279
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 279
PATHOLOGY 279
CLINICAL ISSUES 279
SELECTED REFERENCES 279
Chapter 197. Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease 280
Chapter 198. Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis 281
Constitutional Disorders of Bone 282
Chapter 199. Achondroplasia 282
Chapter 200. Osteogenesis Imperfecta 283
Rheumatologic Diseases 284
Chapter 201. Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis 284
Chapter 202. Dermatomyositis 285
Miscellaneous 286
Chapter 203. Rickets 286
Chapter 204. Sickle Cell Disease, Musculoskeletal 287
Chapter 205. Scoliosis 288
Chapter 206. Tarsal Coalition 289
Chapter 207. Brachial Plexopathy 290
Chapter 208. Hemophilia 291
SECTION 7:\rBrain 293
Introduction & Normals 294
Chapter\r209. Approach to Pediatric Brain 294
Head/Brain Imaging Modalities 294
Selected References 295
Chapter\r210. Enlarged Subarachnoid Spaces 298
Congenital Malformations 299
Chapter\r211. Dandy-Walker Continuum 299
Chapter\r212. Chiari 1 300
TERMINOLOGY 301
IMAGING 301
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 301
PATHOLOGY 301
CLINICAL ISSUES 301
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST 301
SELECTED REFERENCES 301
Chapter\r213. Chiari 2 302
Phakomatoses 303
Chapter\r214. Neurofibromatosis Type 1 303
Chapter\r215. Tuberous Sclerosis 304
Chapter\r216. Sturge-Weber Syndrome 305
Cysts and Neoplasms 306
Chapter\r217. Arachnoid Cyst 306
Chapter\r218. Pilocytic Astrocytoma 307
Chapter\r219. Medulloblastoma 308
Chapter\r220. Ependymoma 309
Chapter\r221. Brainstem Tumors 310
Chapter\r222. Craniopharyngioma 311
Traumatic and Vascular Lesions 312
Chapter\r223. Child Abuse, Brain 312
TERMINOLOGY 313
IMAGING 313
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 313
CLINICAL ISSUES 313
SELECTED REFERENCES 313
Chapter\r224. Germinal Matrix Hemorrhage 314
Chapter\r225. White Matter Injury of Prematurity 315
Chapter\r226. Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy 316
Chapter\r227. Childhood Stroke 317
Chapter\r228. Arteriovenous Malformation 318
Chapter\r229. Cavernous Malformation 319
Chapter\r230. Developmental Venous Anomaly 320
Metabolic, Infectious, and Inflammatory Disorders 321
Chapter\r231. Metabolic Brain Disease 321
Chapter\r232. TORCH Infections 322
Chapter\r233. Brain Abscess 323
Chapter\r234. Acute Encephalitis 324
Chapter\r235. Demyelinating Diseases 325
SECTION 8:\rSpine 327
Introduction & Normals 328
Chapter\r236. Approach to Pediatric Spine 328
Imaging Modalities 328
Selected References 328
Congenital Spinal Malformations 330
Chapter 237. Myelomeningocele 330
Chapter 238. Dorsal Dermal Sinus 331
Chapter 239. Tethered Spinal Cord 332
Neoplasms 333
Chapter 240. Sacrococcygeal Teratoma 333
Inflammatory Lesions 334
Chapter 241. Discitis/Osteomyelitis 334
TERMINOLOGY 335
IMAGING 335
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 335
PATHOLOGY 335
CLINICAL ISSUES 335
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST 335
SELECTED REFERENCES 335
Chapter 242. Guillain-Barré Syndrome 336
Chapter 243. Transverse Myelitis 337
Trauma 338
Chapter 244. Craniocervical Junction Injuries 338
Chapter 245. Chance Fracture 339
Chapter 246. Spondylolysis and Spondylolisthesis 340
IMAGING 341
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 341
PATHOLOGY 341
CLINICAL ISSUES 341
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST 341
SELECTED REFERENCES 341
SECTION 9:\rHead and Neck 343
Introduction & Normals 344
Chapter 247. Approach to Pediatric Head and Neck 344
Imaging Modalities 344
Selected References 344
Nasal and Sinus Cavities 346
Chapter\r248. Acute Rhinosinusitis 346
TERMINOLOGY 347
IMAGING 347
PATHOLOGY 347
CLINICAL ISSUES 347
SELECTED REFERENCES 347
Orbit 348
Chapter\r249. Orbital Cellulitis 348
TERMINOLOGY 349
IMAGING 349
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 349
PATHOLOGY 349
CLINICAL ISSUES 349
SELECTED REFERENCES 349
Chapter\r250. Retinoblastoma 350
Temporal Bone 351
Chapter\r251. Congenital Cholesteatoma 351
Chapter\r252. Acquired Cholesteatoma 352
Chapter\r253. Acute Mastoiditis With Abscess 353
Neck Masses 354
Chapter\r254.Thyroglossal Duct Cyst 354
Chapter\r255. Branchial Cleft Anomalies 355
Chapter\r256. Lymphatic Malformation, Cervical 356
Chapter\r257. Acute Parotitis 357
Chapter\r258. Suppurative Adenitis 358
TERMINOLOGY 359
IMAGING 359
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 359
PATHOLOGY 359
CLINICAL ISSUES 359
SELECTED REFERENCES 359
Chapter\r259. Fibromatosis Colli 360
TERMINOLOGY 361
IMAGING 361
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 361
CLINICAL ISSUES 361
SELECTED REFERENCES 361
Radiology Abbreviation Index R-i
INDEX I-i