Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
This issue of Physician Assistant Clinics, Guest Edited by Todd J. Doran, Ed.D., PA-C, DFAAPA, is devoted to Urology. Articles in this issue include: Male Factor Infertility; Elevated PSA/PCa Screening; PSA Recurrence/Advanced PCa; Hematuria; Kidney Stones; Frequent Urinary Tract Infection; Female Urinary Incontinence; Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS); Erectile Dysfunction; Hypogonadism; Neurogenic Bladder; and Vesicoureteral Reflux.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | Cover | ||
| Urology | i | ||
| Copyright \r | ii | ||
| CME Accreditation Page | iii | ||
| PROGRAM OBJECTIVE | iii | ||
| TARGET AUDIENCE | iii | ||
| LEARNING OBJECTIVES | iii | ||
| ACCREDITATION | iii | ||
| DISCLOSURE OF CONFLICTS OF INTEREST | iii | ||
| UNAPPROVED/OFF-LABEL USE DISCLOSURE | iii | ||
| TO ENROLL | iii | ||
| METHOD OF PARTICIPATION | iv | ||
| CME INQUIRIES/SPECIAL NEEDS | iv | ||
| Contributors | v | ||
| CONSULTING EDITOR | v | ||
| EDITOR | v | ||
| AUTHORS | v | ||
| Contents | vii | ||
| Foreword: Recertification—Really? | vii | ||
| Preface: Plumbing Department on Aisle 2 | vii | ||
| Prostate Cancer Screening | vii | ||
| Metastatic Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer Practical Review | vii | ||
| Evaluation and Workup of Hematuria in Adults | vii | ||
| Kidney Stones | viii | ||
| Frequent Urinary Tract Infection | viii | ||
| Female Urinary Incontinence | viii | ||
| Male Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms | viii | ||
| Neurogenic Bladder and Its Management | ix | ||
| Erectile Dysfunction | ix | ||
| Hypogonadism: Evaluation Management and Treatment Considerations | ix | ||
| Male Infertility | ix | ||
| PHYSICIAN ASSISTANT CLINICS\r\r | xi | ||
| FORTHCOMING ISSUES | xi | ||
| April 2018 | xi | ||
| July 2018 | xi | ||
| October 2018 | xi | ||
| RECENT ISSUES | xi | ||
| October 2017 | xi | ||
| July 2017 | xi | ||
| April 2017 | xi | ||
| Foreword: Recertification—Really?\r | xiii | ||
| Preface:\rPlumbing Department on Aisle 2 | xv | ||
| SUPPLEMENTARY DATA | xvi | ||
| Prostate Cancer Screening | 1 | ||
| Key points | 1 | ||
| OVERVIEW | 1 | ||
| CONTROVERSIES OF PROSTATE-SPECIFIC ANTIGEN TESTING | 1 | ||
| GUIDELINES | 2 | ||
| MANAGING AN ELEVATED PROSTATE-SPECIFIC ANTIGEN | 2 | ||
| BEYOND THE PROSTATE-SPECIFIC ANTIGEN TEST | 3 | ||
| DIGITAL RECTAL EXAMINATION | 4 | ||
| AGE-SPECIFIC REFERENCE RANGES | 4 | ||
| PROSTATE-SPECIFIC ANTIGEN VELOCITY | 4 | ||
| FREE PROSTATE-SPECIFIC ANTIGEN | 4 | ||
| PROSTATE HEALTH INDEX | 5 | ||
| 4KSCORE | 5 | ||
| RISK CALCULATORS | 5 | ||
| IMAGING TECHNIQUES | 5 | ||
| SUMMARY | 6 | ||
| REFERENCES | 6 | ||
| Metastatic Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer Practical Review | 11 | ||
| Key points | 11 | ||
| DEFINITIONS | 11 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 12 | ||
| EVALUATION OF PATIENTS WITH METASTATIC CASTRATE-RESISTANT PROSTATE CANCER | 12 | ||
| General Considerations | 12 | ||
| History | 12 | ||
| Physical examination | 12 | ||
| Laboratory evaluation | 13 | ||
| Imaging | 13 | ||
| Frequency of visits | 13 | ||
| Adjunctive services | 14 | ||
| TREATMENT CONSIDERATIONS | 14 | ||
| Androgen Deprivation Therapy | 14 | ||
| Oral therapy | 14 | ||
| Injection therapy | 15 | ||
| Therapies for Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer | 15 | ||
| Sipuleucel-T | 15 | ||
| Enzalutamide | 16 | ||
| Abiraterone | 16 | ||
| Radium-223 | 16 | ||
| Docetaxel | 17 | ||
| Cabazitaxel | 18 | ||
| ADJUVANT TREATMENT AND EVALUATION CONSIDERATIONS | 18 | ||
| Hot Flashes | 18 | ||
| Gynecomastia | 18 | ||
| Bone Health | 18 | ||
| SUMMARY | 19 | ||
| REFERENCES | 19 | ||
| Evaluation and Workup of Hematuria in Adults | 23 | ||
| Key points | 23 | ||
| DEFINITION | 23 | ||
| EPIDEMIOLOGY | 24 | ||
| ETIOLOGY | 24 | ||
| PATIENT HISTORY | 25 | ||
| Medications | 27 | ||
| Past Medical History | 27 | ||
| Past Surgical History | 27 | ||
| Social History | 27 | ||
| Physical Examination | 27 | ||
| HEMATURIA WORKUP | 28 | ||
| LABORATORY TESTING | 29 | ||
| IMAGING | 29 | ||
| FOLLOW-UP | 31 | ||
| Guidelines for Workup for Microscopic Hematuria | 32 | ||
| SUMMARY | 33 | ||
| REFERENCES | 34 | ||
| Kidney Stones | 37 | ||
| Key points | 37 | ||
| EPIDEMIOLOGY | 37 | ||
| Demographics | 38 | ||
| Environment | 38 | ||
| Comorbidities | 38 | ||
| PATHOPHYSIOLOGY | 38 | ||
| Calcium Stones | 38 | ||
| Hypercalciuria | 39 | ||
| Hyperoxaluria | 39 | ||
| Frequent Urinary Tract Infection | 55 | ||
| Key points | 55 | ||
| RECURRENT URINARY TRACT INFECTION | 60 | ||
| WORKUP OF RECURRENT URINARY TRACT INFECTION | 60 | ||
| PREVENTION STRATEGIES AND TREATMENT | 61 | ||
| ANTIBIOTIC STEWARDSHIP | 62 | ||
| STERILE PYURIA | 64 | ||
| REFERENCES | 65 | ||
| Female Urinary Incontinence | 69 | ||
| Key points | 69 | ||
| TYPES OF URINARY INCONTINENCE | 70 | ||
| Stress Urinary Incontinence | 70 | ||
| Urgency Urinary Incontinence | 70 | ||
| Mixed Incontinence | 70 | ||
| Functional Urinary Incontinence | 70 | ||
| Continuous Urinary Incontinence | 71 | ||
| Overflow Urinary Incontinence | 71 | ||
| EVALUATION OF THE INCONTINENT PATIENT | 71 | ||
| PHYSICAL EXAMINATION OF THE INCONTINENT PATIENT | 73 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES IN THE INCONTINENT FEMALE | 75 | ||
| TREATMENT OF FEMALE INCONTINENCE | 76 | ||
| Stress Urinary Incontinence | 77 | ||
| Urgency Incontinence | 78 | ||
| CHALLENGING INCONTINENCE PATIENTS | 80 | ||
| SUMMARY | 80 | ||
| REFERENCES | 81 | ||
| Male Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms | 83 | ||
| Key points | 83 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 83 | ||
| EVALUATION OF LOWER URINARY TRACT SYMPTOMS | 84 | ||
| History | 84 | ||
| Physical Examination | 85 | ||
| Laboratory Testing | 86 | ||
| Special Testing | 86 | ||
| TREATMENT | 87 | ||
| INDICATIONS FOR UROLOGIC REFERRAL | 93 | ||
| SURGICAL OPTIONS | 93 | ||
| Minimally Invasive | 93 | ||
| Surgical | 93 | ||
| SUMMARY | 101 | ||
| REFERENCES | 101 | ||
| Neurogenic Bladder and Its Management | 103 | ||
| Key points | 103 | ||
| BACKGROUND | 103 | ||
| RISK FACTORS AND EPIDEMIOLOGY | 104 | ||
| EXAMINATION | 104 | ||
| Laboratory Examination | 104 | ||
| Urodynamics | 104 | ||
| DISEASES THAT CONTRIBUTE TO NEUROPATHIC VOIDING DYSFUNCTION | 105 | ||
| Cortical Lesions | 105 | ||
| Parkinson Disease | 105 | ||
| Cerebral Palsy | 105 | ||
| Disease Primarily Involving the Spinal Cord | 105 | ||
| Spinal cord injuries | 106 | ||
| Multiple sclerosis | 106 | ||
| Transverse myelitis | 107 | ||
| Spina bifida | 107 | ||
| DISEASE DISTAL TO THE SPINAL CORD | 107 | ||
| TREATMENT OF VOIDING DYSFUNCTION AND GOALS OF MANAGEMENT | 108 | ||
| REFERENCES | 109 | ||
| Erectile Dysfunction | 113 | ||
| Key points | 113 | ||
| HISTORY | 113 | ||
| EPIDEMIOLOGY AND RISK FACTORS | 114 | ||
| ERECTILE PHYSIOLOGY | 114 | ||
| ETIOLOGIES AND ASSOCIATED CONDITIONS | 115 | ||
| EVALUATION: HISTORY | 117 | ||
| EVALUATION: PHYSICAL EXAMINATION | 119 | ||
| EVALUATION: LABORATORY VALUES AND OTHER TESTS | 119 | ||
| MANAGEMENT | 120 | ||
| Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitors | 120 | ||
| Vacuum Erection Device | 122 | ||
| Intraurethral Suppositories | 122 | ||
| Intracavernosal Injections | 122 | ||
| Penile Implant Surgery | 123 | ||
| SUMMARY | 124 | ||
| REFERENCES | 124 | ||
| Hypogonadism | 129 | ||
| Key points | 129 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 129 | ||
| EVALUATION OF HYPOGONADISM | 130 | ||
| TESTOSTERONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY | 132 | ||
| HYPOGONADISM AND PROSTATE CANCER | 132 | ||
| HYPOGONADISM AND CARDIOMETABOLIC SYNDROME | 132 | ||
| DISCUSSION | 135 | ||
| SOCIETAL ISSUES | 135 | ||
| SUMMARY | 136 | ||
| REFERENCES | 136 | ||
| Male Infertility | 139 | ||
| Key points | 139 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 139 | ||
| EVALUATION OF THE MALE | 140 | ||
| HISTORY | 140 | ||
| PHYSICAL EXAMINATION | 141 | ||
| Routine Serum Laboratory Testing | 142 | ||
| SEMEN ANALYSIS | 142 | ||
| PROPER REFERRAL | 143 | ||
| FURTHER TESTING | 143 | ||
| Klinefelter Syndrome: 47, XXY | 144 | ||
| EXOGENOUS TESTOSTERONE | 145 | ||
| REFERENCES | 146 |