BOOK
Promoting Health and Wellness in the Geriatric Patient, An Issue of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America, E-Book
(2017)
Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
This issue of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics, edited by Dr. David A. Soto-Quijano, will cover the Promotion of Health and Wellness in the Geriatric Patient. Topics discussed in the volume include, but are not limited to: Benefits of Exercise in the Older Population; Alternative Exercise Modalities and Its Effect in Older Populations; Neurocognitive Decline of the Elder Patient; Effects of Spirituality in the Quality of Life of the Elderly; Clinical Pharmacology and the Risks of Polypharmacy in the Geriatric Patient; The Competitive Senior Athlete; Rehabilitation Needs of the Elderly patient with Cancer; and Aging with Spinal Cord Injury, among others.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | Cover | ||
| Promoting Health andWellness in the GeriatricPatient\r | i | ||
| Copyright\r | ii | ||
| Contributors | iii | ||
| CONSULTING EDITOR | iii | ||
| EDITOR | iii | ||
| AUTHORS | iii | ||
| Contents | vii | ||
| Foreword | vii | ||
| Foreword: Aging with Grace, Dignity, and Courage: A Mission for Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation | vii | ||
| Preface | vii | ||
| Benefits of Exercise in the Older Population | vii | ||
| Alternative Treatment Modalities and Its Effect in Older Populations | vii | ||
| Can We Increase Our Health Span? | vii | ||
| Psychosocial Issues in Geriatric Rehabilitation | viii | ||
| Physiologic Changes of the Musculoskeletal System with Aging: A Brief Review | viii | ||
| Normal Changes in Gait and Mobility Problems in the Elderly | viii | ||
| Balance Problems and Fall Risks in the Elderly | viii | ||
| Clinical Pharmacology and the Risks of Polypharmacy in the Geriatric Patient | ix | ||
| Nutritional Needs of the Older Adult | ix | ||
| The Competitive Senior Athlete | ix | ||
| Musculoskeletal Injuries and Regenerative Medicine in the Elderly Patient | ix | ||
| Clinical Considerations for the Use Lower Extremity Arthroplasty in the Elderly | x | ||
| Rehabilitation Needs of the Elderly Patient with Cancer | x | ||
| Aging with Spinal Cord Injury: An Update | x | ||
| Rehabilitation Needs of the Elder with Traumatic Brain Injury | x | ||
| PHYSICAL MEDICINEANDREHABILITATION\rCLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA\r | xii | ||
| FORTHCOMING ISSUES | xii | ||
| February 2018 | xii | ||
| May 2018 | xii | ||
| August 2018 | xii | ||
| RECENT ISSUES | xii | ||
| August 2017 | xii | ||
| May 2017 | xii | ||
| February 2017 | xii | ||
| Foreword | xiii | ||
| REFERENCES | xvii | ||
| Foreword\r | xix | ||
| Aging with Grace, Dignity, and Courage: A Mission for Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation | xix | ||
| Preface | xxi | ||
| REFERENCE | xxii | ||
| Benefits of Exercise in the Older Population | 659 | ||
| Key points | 659 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 659 | ||
| AEROBIC/ENDURANCE | 660 | ||
| Basic Concepts | 660 | ||
| What is the Evidence? | 660 | ||
| Benefits in Chronic Disease | 660 | ||
| Exercise Recommendations | 660 | ||
| RESISTANCE/STRENGTHENING | 661 | ||
| Basic Concepts | 661 | ||
| What is the Evidence? | 661 | ||
| Benefits in Chronic Disease | 662 | ||
| Exercise Recommendations | 662 | ||
| FLEXIBILITY/STRETCHING | 662 | ||
| Basic Concepts | 662 | ||
| What is the Evidence? | 663 | ||
| Benefits in Chronic Disease | 663 | ||
| Exercise Recommendations | 664 | ||
| STABILITY/BALANCE | 664 | ||
| Basic Concepts | 664 | ||
| What is the Evidence? | 665 | ||
| Benefits in Chronic Disease | 665 | ||
| Exercise Recommendations | 665 | ||
| BENEFITS OF EXERCISE ON COGNITION AND QUALITY OF LIFE | 666 | ||
| BENEFITS OF SPORTS PARTICIPATION | 667 | ||
| PRECAUTIONS AND BARRIERS | 667 | ||
| SUMMARY | 667 | ||
| REFERENCES | 667 | ||
| Alternative Treatment Modalities and Its Effect in Older Populations | 671 | ||
| Key points | 671 | ||
| ALTERNATIVE TREATMENT MODALITIES AND THEIR EFFECT IN OLDER POPULATIONS | 671 | ||
| Tai Chi | 672 | ||
| Yoga | 673 | ||
| Meditation | 674 | ||
| Dance | 675 | ||
| Music | 675 | ||
| Cryotherapy | 676 | ||
| Video Games | 677 | ||
| Sleep and Circadian Rhythms | 677 | ||
| SUMMARY | 678 | ||
| REFERENCES | 678 | ||
| Can We Increase Our Health Span? | 681 | ||
| Key points | 681 | ||
| THEORIES OF AGING | 682 | ||
| CAUSES OF AGING | 682 | ||
| GENETIC INFLUENCE | 685 | ||
| Sirtuins | 685 | ||
| Mechanistic or Mammalian Target of Rapamycin | 685 | ||
| FOXO3 GENE | 686 | ||
| Caloric Restriction | 686 | ||
| Effects of caloric restriction | 686 | ||
| Caloric restriction mimetics | 688 | ||
| SUMMARY | 690 | ||
| REFERENCES | 691 | ||
| Psychosocial Issues in Geriatric Rehabilitation | 693 | ||
| Key points | 693 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 693 | ||
| DISCUSSION | 694 | ||
| Depression in Geriatric Patients | 694 | ||
| Screening for depression in late adulthood | 694 | ||
| Interventions strategies | 695 | ||
| Anxiety and the Fear of Falling | 696 | ||
| Screening for anxiety | 696 | ||
| Interventions strategies | 697 | ||
| Adjustment Difficulties in Late Adulthood | 698 | ||
| Changes in roles | 698 | ||
| Vocational issues and volunteerism | 698 | ||
| Neurocognitive Disorders | 699 | ||
| Screening tools | 699 | ||
| Intervention Strategies | 700 | ||
| Caregiver Support | 700 | ||
| Perceptions on Aging and Resilience | 701 | ||
| SUMMARY | 701 | ||
| REFERENCES | 701 | ||
| Physiologic Changes of the Musculoskeletal System with Aging | 705 | ||
| Key points | 705 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 705 | ||
| MUSCLE STRENGTH | 706 | ||
| MUSCLE SIZE | 707 | ||
| MUSCLE QUALITY AND ALTERATIONS IN SINGLE MUSCLE FIBERS | 707 | ||
| DETERMINANTS OF FORCE, POWER, MOVEMENT, AND FUNCTION | 708 | ||
| TENDONS | 709 | ||
| LIGAMENTS | 709 | ||
| BONE | 709 | ||
| ARTICULAR CARTILAGE | 710 | ||
| SUMMARY | 710 | ||
| REFERENCES | 710 | ||
| Normal Changes in Gait and Mobility Problems in the Elderly | 713 | ||
| Key points | 713 | ||
| BACKGROUND | 713 | ||
| HUMAN WALKING | 714 | ||
| GAIT DEVIATIONS WITH AGING | 716 | ||
| Gait Parameters | 716 | ||
| Energy Cost | 719 | ||
| Postural Changes | 720 | ||
| MOBILITY PROBLEMS AND FUNCTIONAL INDEPENDENCE IN THE ELDERLY | 721 | ||
| Mobility and Activities of Daily Living | 721 | ||
| Muscle Strength | 721 | ||
| Balance | 721 | ||
| Fear of Falling | 722 | ||
| Other Independent Factors | 722 | ||
| CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM, COGNITION, AND MOBILITY | 722 | ||
| GAPS IN EVIDENCE | 723 | ||
| SUMMARY | 723 | ||
| REFERENCES | 723 | ||
| Balance Problems and Fall Risks in the Elderly | 727 | ||
| Key points | 727 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 727 | ||
| Demographics and Scope of the Problem | 727 | ||
| PATIENT ASSESSMENT | 728 | ||
| Conditions | 728 | ||
| Gait and balance disorders | 728 | ||
| Cognitive impairment | 728 | ||
| Musculoskeletal conditions and pain | 728 | ||
| Vision | 729 | ||
| Medications | 729 | ||
| Sarcopenia | 730 | ||
| Patient Evaluation | 730 | ||
| History | 730 | ||
| Physical examination | 730 | ||
| PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES | 733 | ||
| Nonpharmacologic | 733 | ||
| Exercise | 733 | ||
| Environmental assessments and modifications | 734 | ||
| Pharmacologic | 734 | ||
| SUMMARY | 735 | ||
| REFERENCES | 735 | ||
| Clinical Pharmacology and the Risks of Polypharmacy in the Geriatric Patient | 739 | ||
| Key points | 739 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 739 | ||
| Impact of Aging Population | 739 | ||
| The normal aging process | 739 | ||
| Geriatric Syndromes | 740 | ||
| Frailty syndrome | 740 | ||
| Sleep problems | 740 | ||
| Bladder control problems | 740 | ||
| Delirium | 741 | ||
| Dementia | 741 | ||
| Falls | 741 | ||
| Osteoporosis | 741 | ||
| Weight loss | 741 | ||
| CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY | 741 | ||
| Definition | 741 | ||
| Pharmacokinetics | 742 | ||
| AGE-RELATED CHANGES IN PHARMACOKINETICS AND THE ELDERLY | 742 | ||
| Absorption | 742 | ||
| Distribution | 742 | ||
| Metabolism | 742 | ||
| Excretion | 742 | ||
| PHARMACODYNAMICS | 742 | ||
| RISK OF POLYPHARMACY IN THE GERIATRIC PATIENT | 743 | ||
| Polypharmacy | 743 | ||
| Patient at Risk Evidence-Based Strategies | 743 | ||
| INTERVENING TO REDUCE POLYPHARMACY AND SIMPLIFIED MEDICATION REGIMEN | 743 | ||
| HOW TO SIMPLIFY A MEDICATION REGIMEN | 744 | ||
| INAPPROPRIATE MEDICATION USE | 744 | ||
| TOOLS TO HELP DECREASE POTENTIALLY INAPPROPRIATE DRUG USE | 744 | ||
| MEDICATION ERRORS | 744 | ||
| Prescribing | 744 | ||
| Transcribing and Dispensing | 745 | ||
| Administration | 745 | ||
| Judicious prescribing | 745 | ||
| REFERENCES | 745 | ||
| Nutritional Needs of the Older Adult | 747 | ||
| Key points | 747 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 747 | ||
| DIETARY GUIDANCE FOR OLDER ADULTS | 747 | ||
| DIETARY GUIDELINES FOR AMERICANS AND MYPLATE | 748 | ||
| THE DIETARY REFERENCE INTAKES | 748 | ||
| NUTRIENT RECOMMENDATIONS AND REQUIREMENTS | 748 | ||
| Energy | 748 | ||
| Carbohydrates and Fiber | 750 | ||
| Fat | 750 | ||
| Protein | 750 | ||
| Fluids | 751 | ||
| MICRONUTRIENTS: VITAMINS AND MINERALS | 751 | ||
| B Vitamins | 751 | ||
| Calcium and Vitamin D | 752 | ||
| Sodium | 753 | ||
| Iron | 753 | ||
| Zinc | 754 | ||
| Antioxidants | 754 | ||
| Alcohol | 755 | ||
| NUTRITIONAL AND DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS | 755 | ||
| BODY SYSTEM CHANGES AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS IN OLDER ADULTS | 755 | ||
| Body Composition | 757 | ||
| Overweight and Obesity | 757 | ||
| Sarcopenic Obesity | 757 | ||
| Weight Loss and Malnutrition | 757 | ||
| Other Body Systems | 757 | ||
| FACTORS THAT AFFECT DIET AND FOOD INTAKE IN OLDER ADULTS | 758 | ||
| HEALTH, MEDICAL, AND PHYSICAL FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE DIET | 758 | ||
| ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL FACTORS THAT AFFECT DIET | 759 | ||
| PROMOTING NUTRITION AND HEALTHY LIFESTYLES FOR OLDER ADULTS | 759 | ||
| NUTRITION PROGRAMS FOR OLDER ADULTS | 759 | ||
| PHYSICAL ACTIVITY | 760 | ||
| CLINICAL AND END-OF-LIFE NUTRITION AND HYDRATION CONSIDERATIONS | 760 | ||
| SUMMARY | 760 | ||
| ACKNOWLEDGMENTS | 761 | ||
| REFERENCES | 761 | ||
| The Competitive Senior Athlete | 767 | ||
| Key points | 767 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 767 | ||
| THE OLDER ATHLETE AND DIABETES | 768 | ||
| THE OLDER ATHLETE AND CARDIAC CONDITIONS | 769 | ||
| THE OLDER ATHLETE AND OSTEOARTHRITIS | 771 | ||
| THE OLDER ATHLETE AND DEHYDRATION | 772 | ||
| USE OF COMMON MEDICATIONS IN THE OLDER ATHLETE | 772 | ||
| REFERENCES | 773 | ||
| Musculoskeletal Injuries and Regenerative Medicine in the Elderly Patient | 777 | ||
| Key points | 777 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 777 | ||
| COMMON CONDITIONS AFFECTING THE ELDERLY | 777 | ||
| Tendinopathy | 777 | ||
| Rotator cuff tendinopathy | 778 | ||
| Gluteal tendinopathy | 778 | ||
| Knee extensor mechanism tendinopathy | 778 | ||
| Achilles tendinopathy | 779 | ||
| Degenerative Joint Disease | 779 | ||
| Degenerative Disc Disease | 779 | ||
| Spinal Stenosis | 780 | ||
| REGENERATIVE TREATMENT STRATEGIES FOR MUSCULOSKELETAL CONDITIONS | 780 | ||
| Viscosupplementation: Historical Perspective and Use | 780 | ||
| Tenotomy | 780 | ||
| Prolotherapy | 782 | ||
| Platelet-Rich Plasma | 784 | ||
| Preparations | 784 | ||
| Applications | 784 | ||
| Stem Cell Therapies | 785 | ||
| Stem cell theory | 785 | ||
| Definition | 785 | ||
| Sources | 786 | ||
| Clinical applications | 786 | ||
| Bone marrow concentrate injectables | 786 | ||
| Adipose-derived concentrate injectables | 787 | ||
| Clinical indications, research, and future directions | 788 | ||
| REFERENCES | 788 | ||
| Clinical Considerations for the Use Lower Extremity Arthroplasty in the Elderly | 795 | ||
| Key points | 795 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 795 | ||
| Patient Evaluation | 796 | ||
| Pharmacologic Treatment | 796 | ||
| Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs | 796 | ||
| Corticosteroid injections | 797 | ||
| Opioids | 797 | ||
| Viscosupplementation | 797 | ||
| Glucosamine-chondroitin sulfate | 797 | ||
| Platelet-rich plasma injections | 798 | ||
| Nonpharmacologic Management | 798 | ||
| Rehabilitation, education, and wellness activity | 798 | ||
| Weight loss | 798 | ||
| Surgical Management in the Older Patient | 798 | ||
| Diabetes | 799 | ||
| Obesity | 799 | ||
| Smoking | 799 | ||
| Cardiovascular disease | 799 | ||
| Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis | 799 | ||
| Blood management | 800 | ||
| Operative Techniques and Implant Selection | 800 | ||
| Total knee arthroplasty | 800 | ||
| Total hip arthroplasty | 801 | ||
| COMPLICATIONS IN LOWER EXTREMITY ARTHROPLASTY | 801 | ||
| Pain Management and Rehabilitation | 802 | ||
| Outcome and Lifestyle After Lower Extremity Arthroplasty in the Elderly | 802 | ||
| SUMMARY | 803 | ||
| REFERENCES | 804 | ||
| Rehabilitation Needs of the Elderly Patient with Cancer | 811 | ||
| Key points | 811 | ||
| BACKGROUND | 811 | ||
| PHYSIATRIC ASSESSMENT OF THE ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH CANCER | 812 | ||
| PAIN IN THE GERIATRIC PATIENT WITH CANCER | 814 | ||
| FATIGUE | 815 | ||
| LYMPHEDEMA | 815 | ||
| BONE HEALTH | 816 | ||
| SUMMARY | 817 | ||
| REFERENCES | 817 | ||
| Aging with Spinal Cord Injury | 821 | ||
| Key points | 821 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 821 | ||
| HEALTH COMPLICATIONS OF PERSONS WITH SPINAL CORD INJURY | 822 | ||
| CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES | 822 | ||
| MUSCULOSKELETAL CHANGES | 822 | ||
| BONE HEALTH | 823 | ||
| ENDOCRINE SYSTEM | 823 | ||
| NEUROGENIC BLADDER | 823 | ||
| PAIN | 824 | ||
| MENTAL HEALTH | 824 | ||
| QUALITY OF LIFE AND PARTICIPATION | 824 | ||
| SUMMARY | 826 | ||
| REFERENCES | 826 | ||
| Rehabilitation Needs of the Elder with Traumatic Brain Injury | 829 | ||
| Key points | 829 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 829 | ||
| THE CONTINUUM OF REHABILITATION AFTER TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY IN THE ELDERLY | 830 | ||
| Acute Care | 830 | ||
| Inpatient Rehabilitation | 830 | ||
| Polypharmacy | 830 | ||
| Posttraumatic hydrocephalus | 831 | ||
| Cognitive impairment | 831 | ||
| Behavioral and affective disturbance | 832 | ||
| Orthostatic hypotension | 833 | ||
| Additional considerations | 833 | ||
| Functional Outcomes | 833 | ||
| Aging with a Traumatic Brain Injury | 835 | ||
| Life Expectancy | 837 | ||
| A Comprehensive Rehabilitation Plan | 837 | ||
| REFERENCES | 837 |