Menu Expand
Atlas of Common Pain Syndromes E-Book

Atlas of Common Pain Syndromes E-Book

Steven D. Waldman

(2018)

Additional Information

Book Details

Abstract

The first step in the effective management of patients in pain is making the correct diagnosis . . . and how to diagnose pain is what Waldman’s Atlas of Common Pain Syndromes, 4th Edition is all about.

Written to help practitioners care for their patients in pain, this top-selling text provides complete, concise, step-by-step visual guidance to help simplify the diagnosis and management of over 130 common pain syndromes. The user friendly, easy to reference head-to-toe format gives the practitioner a concise description of each pain syndrome along with full-color art, drawings, clinical photographs, and a full range of radiological and ultrasound images that will help simplify making the correct diagnosis.

  • Features thoroughly updated chapters throughout, keeping you up to date when treating the painful conditions you’re most likely to encounter.
  • Includes 13 new chapters that give you the knowledge you need to diagnosis and treat these new common pain syndromes.
  • Contains dozens of new clearly labeled illustrations, tables, and radiologic and ultrasound images that enhance this visually focused reference, helping you make the diagnosis.

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Front Cover cover
IFC_ExCon page IFC1
Atlas of Common Pain Syndromes i
Copyright Page ii
Preface iii
Acknowledgment iv
Table Of Contents v
I Headache Pain Syndromes 1
1 Acute Herpes Zoster of the First Division of the Trigeminal Nerve 1
The Clinical Syndrome 1
Signs and Symptoms 1
Testing 2
Differential Diagnosis 2
Treatment 3
Nerve Block 3
Opioid Analgesics 3
Adjuvant Analgesics 4
Antiviral Agents 4
Adjunctive Treatments 4
Complications and Pitfalls 4
Suggested Readings 4
2 Migraine Headache 6
The Clinical Syndrome 6
Signs and Symptoms 6
Testing 6
Differential Diagnosis 7
Treatment 8
Abortive Therapy 8
Prophylactic Therapy 9
Complications and Pitfalls 9
Suggested Readings 9
3 Tension-Type Headache 10
The Clinical Syndrome 10
Signs and Symptoms 10
Testing 10
Differential Diagnosis 10
Treatment 10
Abortive Therapy 10
Prophylactic Therapy 11
Antidepressants 11
Biofeedback 12
Cervical Epidural Nerve Block 12
Complications and Pitfalls 12
Suggested Readings 13
4 Cluster Headache 14
The Clinical Syndrome 14
Signs and Symptoms 14
Testing 14
Differential Diagnosis 14
Treatment 16
Complications and Pitfalls 17
Suggested Readings 17
5 Swimmer’s Headache 18
The Clinical Syndrome 18
Signs and Symptoms 18
Testing 18
Differential Diagnosis 18
Treatment 18
Complications and Pitfalls 20
Suggested Readings 21
6 Analgesic Rebound Headache 22
The Clinical Syndrome 22
Signs and Symptoms 22
Testing 22
Differential Diagnosis 22
Treatment 22
Complications and Pitfalls 24
Suggested Readings 24
7 Occipital Neuralgia 25
The Clinical Syndrome 25
Signs and Symptoms 25
Testing 25
Differential Diagnosis 26
Treatment 26
Complications and Pitfalls 27
Suggested Readings 27
8 Pseudotumor Cerebri 28
The Clinical Syndrome 28
Signs and Symptoms 28
Testing 28
Differential Diagnosis 29
Treatment 30
Complications and Pitfalls 30
Suggested Readings 30
9 Intracranial Subarachnoid Hemorrhage 32
The Clinical Syndrome 32
Signs and Symptoms 32
Testing 33
Differential Diagnosis 33
Treatment 33
Medical Management 33
Surgical Treatment 35
Complications and Pitfalls 35
Suggested Readings 36
II Facial Pain Syndromes 37
10 Trigeminal Neuralgia 37
The Clinical Syndrome 37
Signs and Symptoms 37
Testing 38
Differential Diagnosis 38
Treatment 38
Drug Therapy 38
Carbamazepine 38
Gabapentin 39
Baclofen 39
Invasive Therapy 40
Trigeminal Nerve Block 40
Retrogasserian Injection of Glycerol 40
Radiofrequency Destruction of the Gasserian Ganglion 40
Balloon Compression of the Gasserian Ganglion 40
Microvascular Decompression of the Trigeminal Root 40
Gamma Knife 40
Complications and Pitfalls 40
Suggested Readings 41
11 Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction 42
The Clinical Syndrome 42
Signs and Symptoms 42
Testing 43
Differential Diagnosis 43
Treatment 44
Complications and Pitfalls 45
Suggested Readings 46
12 Atypical Facial Pain 47
The Clinical Syndrome 47
Signs and Symptoms 47
Testing 48
Differential Diagnosis 48
Treatment 49
Complications and Pitfalls 49
Suggested Readings 49
13 Hyoid Syndrome 50
The Clinical Syndrome 50
Signs and Symptoms 50
Testing 50
Differential Diagnosis 50
Treatment 52
Complications and Pitfalls 53
Suggested Readings 53
14 Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy of the Face 54
The Clinical Syndrome 54
Signs and Symptoms 54
Testing 54
Differential Diagnosis 55
Treatment 55
Complications and Pitfalls 55
Suggested Readings 56
III Neck and Brachial Plexus Pain Syndromes 57
15 Cervical Facet Syndrome 57
The Clinical Syndrome 57
Signs and Symptoms 57
Testing 57
Differential Diagnosis 58
Treatment 58
Complications and Pitfalls 58
Suggested Readings 59
16 Cervical Radiculopathy 60
The Clinical Syndrome 60
Signs and Symptoms 60
Testing 61
Differential Diagnosis 62
Treatment 62
Complications and Pitfalls 63
Suggested Readings 63
17 Fibromyalgia of the Cervical Musculature 64
The Clinical Syndrome 64
Signs and Symptoms 64
Testing 65
Differential Diagnosis 65
Treatment 66
Complications and Pitfalls 66
Suggested Readings 66
18 Cervical Strain 67
The Clinical Syndrome 67
Signs and Symptoms 68
Testing 69
Differential Diagnosis 69
Treatment 69
Complications and Pitfalls 70
Suggested Readings 70
19 Longus Colli Tendinitis 71
The Clinical Syndrome 71
Signs and Symptoms 71
Testing 71
Differential Diagnosis 72
Treatment 72
Complications and Pitfalls 73
Suggested Readings 74
20 Retropharyngeal Abscess 75
The Clinical Syndrome 75
Signs and Symptoms 75
Testing 75
Differential Diagnosis 77
Treatment 77
Complications and Pitfalls 78
Suggested Readings 78
21 Cervicothoracic Interspinous Bursitis 79
The Clinical Syndrome 79
Signs and Symptoms 79
Testing 79
Differential Diagnosis 80
Treatment 81
Complications and Pitfalls 81
Suggested Readings 81
22 Brachial Plexopathy 82
The Clinical Syndrome 82
Signs and Symptoms 82
Testing 82
Differential Diagnosis 83
Treatment 84
Drug Therapy 84
Gabapentin 84
Pregabalin 84
Carbamazepine 84
Baclofen 85
Invasive Therapy 85
Brachial Plexus Block 85
Radiofrequency Destruction of the Brachial Plexus 85
Dorsal Root Entry Zone Lesioning 85
Physical Modalities 85
Complications and Pitfalls 85
Suggested Reading 85
23 Pancoast’s Tumor Syndrome 86
The Clinical Syndrome 86
Signs and Symptoms 86
Testing 86
Differential Diagnosis 86
Treatment 86
Drug Therapy 86
Opioid Analgesics 86
Gabapentin 89
Pregabalin 89
Carbamazepine 89
Baclofen 89
Invasive Therapy 89
Brachial Plexus Block 89
Radiofrequency Destruction of the Brachial Plexus 89
Dorsal Root Entry Zone Lesioning 90
Other Neurosurgical Options 90
Physical Modalities 90
Complications and Pitfalls 90
Suggested Readings 91
24 Thoracic Outlet Syndrome 92
The Clinical Syndrome 92
Signs and Symptoms 92
Testing 93
Differential Diagnosis 93
Treatment 93
Physical Modalities 93
Drug Therapy 94
Gabapentin 94
Carbamazepine 94
Pregabalin 95
Baclofen 95
Invasive Therapy 95
Brachial Plexus Block 95
Surgery 95
Complications and Pitfalls 96
Suggested Readings 96
IV Shoulder Pain Syndromes 97
25 Arthritis Pain of the Shoulder 97
The Clinical Syndrome 97
Signs and Symptoms 97
Testing 97
Differential Diagnosis 97
Treatment 98
Complications and Pitfalls 100
Suggested Readings 100
26 Acromioclavicular Joint Pain 101
The Clinical Syndrome 101
Signs and Symptoms 101
Testing 101
Differential Diagnosis 102
Treatment 102
Complications and Pitfalls 104
Suggested Readings 104
27 Subdeltoid Bursitis 105
The Clinical Syndrome 105
Signs and Symptoms 105
Testing 105
Differential Diagnosis 105
Treatment 105
Complications and Pitfalls 108
Suggested Readings 108
28 Bicipital Tendinitis 109
The Clinical Syndrome 109
Signs and Symptoms 109
Testing 109
Differential Diagnosis 109
Treatment 110
Complications and Pitfalls 111
Suggested readings 112
29 Avascular Necrosis of the Glenohumeral Joint 113
The Clinical Syndrome 113
Signs and Symptoms 113
Testing 113
Differential Diagnosis 114
Treatment 114
Complications and Pitfalls 114
Suggested Readings 115
30 Adhesive Capsulitis of the Shoulder 116
The Clinical Syndrome 116
Signs and Symptoms 116
Testing 116
Differential Diagnosis 116
Treatment 116
Complications and Pitfalls 119
Suggested Readings 120
31 Biceps Tendon Tear 121
The Clinical Syndrome 121
Signs and Symptoms 121
Testing 123
Differential Diagnosis 123
Treatment 123
Complications and Pitfalls 123
Suggested Readings 125
32 Supraspinatus Syndrome 126
The Clinical Syndrome 126
Signs and Symptoms 127
Testing 127
Differential Diagnosis 127
Treatment 127
Complications and Pitfalls 128
Suggested Readings 128
33 Rotator Cuff Tear 129
The Clinical Syndrome 129
Signs and Symptoms 129
Testing 129
Differential Diagnosis 129
Treatment 131
Complications and Pitfalls 132
Suggested Readings 132
34 Deltoid Syndrome 134
The Clinical Syndrome 134
Signs and Symptoms 135
Testing 135
Differential Diagnosis 136
Treatment 136
Complications and Pitfalls 137
Suggested Readings 137
35 Teres Major Syndrome 138
The Clinical Syndrome 138
Signs and Symptoms 140
Testing 140
Differential Diagnosis 140
Treatment 140
Complications and Pitfalls 141
Suggested Readings 141
36 Scapulocostal Syndrome 142
The Clinical Syndrome 142
Signs and Symptoms 143
Testing 144
Differential Diagnosis 144
Treatment 144
Complications and Pitfalls 144
Suggested Readings 145
V Elbow Pain Syndromes 146
37 Arthritis Pain of the Elbow 146
The Clinical Syndrome 146
Signs and Symptoms 147
Testing 147
Differential Diagnosis 147
Treatment 147
Complications and Pitfalls 148
Suggested Readings 148
38 Tennis Elbow 149
The Clinical Syndrome 149
Signs and Symptoms 150
Testing 150
Differential Diagnosis 150
Treatment 150
Complications and Pitfalls 151
Suggested Readings 152
39 Golfer’s Elbow 153
The Clinical Syndrome 153
Signs and Symptoms 153
Testing 154
Differential Diagnosis 154
Treatment 154
Complications and Pitfalls 156
Suggested Readings 156
40 Distal Biceps Tendon Tear 157
The Clinical Syndrome 157
Signs and Symptoms 157
Testing 158
Differential Diagnosis 158
Treatment 158
Complications and Pitfalls 159
Suggested Readings 160
41 Thrower’s Elbow 161
The Clinical Syndrome 161
Signs and Symptoms 161
Testing 162
Differential Diagnosis 164
Treatment 164
Complications and Pitfalls 166
Suggested Readings 166
42 Anconeus Syndrome 167
The Clinical Syndrome 167
Signs and Symptoms 168
Testing 168
Differential Diagnosis 168
Treatment 168
Complications and Pitfalls 169
Suggested Readings 170
43 Supinator Syndrome 171
The Clinical Syndrome 171
Signs and Symptoms 172
Testing 172
Differential Diagnosis 172
Treatment 172
Complications and Pitfalls 173
Suggested Readings 173
44 Brachioradialis Syndrome 175
The Clinical Syndrome 175
Signs and Symptoms 176
Testing 176
Differential Diagnosis 177
Treatment 177
Complications and Pitfalls 177
Suggested Readings 177
45 Ulnar Nerve Entrapment at the Elbow 178
The Clinical Syndrome 178
Signs and Symptoms 178
Testing 178
Differential Diagnosis 180
Treatment 180
Complications and Pitfalls 180
Suggested Readings 180
46 Lateral Antebrachial Cutaneous Nerve Entrapment at the Elbow 181
The Clinical Syndrome 181
Signs and Symptoms 181
Testing 181
Differential Diagnosis 182
Treatment 182
Complications and Pitfalls 183
Suggested Readings 183
47 Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Elbow 184
The Clinical Syndrome 184
Signs and Symptoms 184
Testing 185
Differential Diagnosis 185
Treatment 185
Complications and Pitfalls 186
Suggested Readings 186
48 Olecranon Bursitis 187
The Clinical Syndrome 187
Signs and Symptoms 187
Testing 187
Differential Diagnosis 189
Treatment 189
Complications and Pitfalls 189
Suggested Readings 190
VI Wrist Pain Syndromes 191
49 Arthritis Pain of the Wrist 191
The Clinical Syndrome 191
Signs and Symptoms 191
Testing 192
Differential Diagnosis 192
Treatment 192
Complications and Pitfalls 193
Suggested Readings 193
50 Carpal Tunnel Syndrome 195
The Clinical Syndrome 195
Signs and Symptoms 195
Testing 196
Differential Diagnosis 197
Treatment 198
Complications and Pitfalls 198
Suggested Readings 199
51 Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Tendinitis 200
The Clinical Syndrome 200
Signs and Symptoms 200
Testing 200
Differential Diagnosis 200
Treatment 201
Complications and Pitfalls 202
Suggested Reading 203
52 de Quervain’s Tenosynovitis 204
The Clinical Syndrome 204
Signs and Symptoms 204
Testing 205
Differential Diagnosis 205
Treatment 206
Complications and Pitfalls 206
Suggested Readings 206
53 Arthritis Pain at the Carpometacarpal Joints 208
The Clinical Syndrome 208
Signs and Symptoms 208
Testing 208
Differential Diagnosis 209
Treatment 209
Complications and Pitfalls 210
Suggested Readings 211
54 Ganglion Cysts of the Wrist 212
The Clinical Syndrome 212
Signs and Symptoms 212
Testing 212
Differential Diagnosis 212
Treatment 214
Complications and Pitfalls 214
Suggested Reading 216
VII Hand Pain Syndromes 217
55 Trigger Thumb 217
The Clinical Syndrome 217
Signs and Symptoms 217
Testing 218
Differential Diagnosis 218
Treatment 218
Complications and Pitfalls 218
Suggested Readings 219
56 Trigger Finger 220
The Clinical Syndrome 220
Signs and Symptoms 220
Testing 220
Differential Diagnosis 221
Treatment 221
Complications and Pitfalls 222
Suggested Readings 223
57 Sesamoiditis of the Hand 224
The Clinical Syndrome 224
Signs and Symptoms 225
Testing 225
Differential Diagnosis 226
Treatment 226
Complications and Pitfalls 226
Suggested Readings 227
58 Plastic Bag Palsy 228
The Clinical Syndrome 228
Signs and Symptoms 228
Testing 228
Differential Diagnosis 229
Treatment 229
Complications and Pitfalls 229
Suggested Readings 230
59 Carpal Boss Syndrome 231
The Clinical Syndrome 231
Signs and Symptoms 231
Testing 232
Differential Diagnosis 232
Treatment 232
Complications and Pitfalls 232
Suggested Readings 235
60 Dupuytren’s Contracture 236
The Clinical Syndrome 236
Signs and Symptoms 237
Testing 237
Differential Diagnosis 237
Treatment 238
Complications and Pitfalls 238
Suggested Readings 238
VIII Chest Wall Pain Syndromes 239
61 Costosternal Syndrome 239
The Clinical Syndrome 239
Signs and Symptoms 239
Testing 239
Differential Diagnosis 239
Treatment 239
Complications and Pitfalls 240
Suggested Readings 241
62 Manubriosternal Syndrome 242
The Clinical Syndrome 242
Signs and Symptoms 242
Testing 242
Differential Diagnosis 242
Treatment 242
Complications and Pitfalls 244
Suggested Readings 245
63 Intercostal Neuralgia 246
The Clinical Syndrome 246
Signs and Symptoms 246
Testing 246
Differential Diagnosis 246
Treatment 247
Complications and Pitfalls 248
Suggested Readings 249
64 Diabetic Truncal Neuropathy 250
The Clinical Syndrome 250
Signs and Symptoms 250
Testing 250
Differential Diagnosis 251
Treatment 251
Control of Blood Glucose Levels 251
Pharmacologic Treatment 251
Antidepressants 251
Anticonvulsants 251
Antiarrhythmics 252
Topical Agents 252
Analgesics 252
Cannabinoids 252
Neural Blockade 252
Complications and Pitfalls 252
Suggested Readings 253
65 Tietze’s Syndrome 254
The Clinical Syndrome 254
Signs and Symptoms 254
Testing 255
Differential Diagnosis 255
Treatment 255
Complications and Pitfalls 256
Suggested Readings 256
66 Precordial Catch Syndrome 257
The Clinical Syndrome 257
Signs and Symptoms 257
Testing 259
Differential Diagnosis 259
Treatment 259
Complications and Pitfalls 259
Suggested Readings 259
67 Fractured Ribs 260
The Clinical Syndrome 260
Signs and Symptoms 260
Testing 260
Differential Diagnosis 261
Treatment 261
Complications and Pitfalls 262
Suggested Readings 263
68 Postthoracotomy Pain Syndrome 264
The Clinical Syndrome 264
Signs and Symptoms 264
Testing 264
Differential Diagnosis 264
Treatment 264
Complications and Pitfalls 267
Suggested Readings 267
IX Thoracic Spine Pain Syndromes 268
69 Acute Herpes Zoster of the Thoracic Dermatomes 268
The Clinical Syndrome 268
Signs and Symptoms 268
Testing 268
Differential Diagnosis 269
Treatment 269
Nerve Block 269
Opioid Analgesics 270
Adjuvant Analgesics 270
Antidepressants 270
Antiviral Agents 270
Adjunctive Treatments 270
Complications and Pitfalls 271
Suggested Readings 271
70 Costovertebral Joint Syndrome 272
The Clinical Syndrome 272
Signs and Symptoms 272
Testing 272
Differential Diagnosis 272
Treatment 274
Complications and Pitfalls 274
Suggested Readings 274
71 Postherpetic Neuralgia 275
The Clinical Syndrome 275
Signs and Symptoms 275
Testing 275
Differential Diagnosis 275
Treatment 275
Analgesics, Anticonvulsants, and Cannabinoids 275
Antidepressants 276
Nerve Block and Neuroaugmentation 276
Opioid Analgesics 276
Adjunctive Treatments 277
Complications and Pitfalls 277
Suggested Readings 277
72 Nephrolithiasis 278
The Clinical Syndrome 278
Signs and Symptoms 278
Testing 279
Differential Diagnosis 279
Treatment 280
Complications and Pitfalls 281
Suggested Readings 281
73 Thoracic Vertebral Compression Fracture 282
The Clinical Syndrome 282
Signs and Symptoms 282
Testing 282
Differential Diagnosis 284
Treatment 284
Complications and Pitfalls 284
Suggested Readings 284
X Abdominal and Groin Pain Syndromes 286
74 Acute Pancreatitis 286
The Clinical Syndrome 286
Signs and Symptoms 286
Testing 286
Differential Diagnosis 286
Treatment 287
Complications and Pitfalls 287
Suggested Readings 289
75 Chronic Pancreatitis 290
The Clinical Syndrome 290
Signs and Symptoms 290
Testing 291
Differential Diagnosis 291
Treatment 291
Complications and Pitfalls 293
Suggested Readings 293
76 Irritable Bowel Syndrome 294
The Clinical Syndrome 294
Signs and Symptoms 294
Testing 294
Differential Diagnosis 294
Treatment 295
Complications and Pitfalls 297
Suggested Readings 297
77 Anterior Cutaneous Nerve Entrapment 298
Clinical Syndrome 298
Signs and Symptoms 298
Testing 298
Differential Diagnosis 299
Treatment 300
Side Effects and Complications 300
Suggested Reading 302
78 Diverticulitis 303
The Clinical Syndrome 303
Signs and Symptoms 303
Testing 304
Differential Diagnosis 304
Treatment 305
Complications and Pitfalls 305
Suggested Readings 305
79 Acute Appendicitis 306
The Clinical Syndrome 306
Signs and Symptoms 306
Testing 307
Differential Diagnosis 309
Treatment 309
Complications and Pitfalls 310
Suggested Reading 310
80 Ilioinguinal Neuralgia 311
The Clinical Syndrome 311
Signs and Symptoms 311
Testing 311
Differential Diagnosis 312
Treatment 312
Complications and Pitfalls 312
Suggested Readings 313
81 Genitofemoral Neuralgia 314
The Clinical Syndrome 314
Signs and Symptoms 314
Testing 315
Differential Diagnosis 315
Treatment 315
Complications and Pitfalls 316
Suggested Readings 316
XI Lumbar Spine and Sacroiliac Joint Pain Syndromes 317
82 Lumbar Radiculopathy 317
The Clinical Syndrome 317
Signs and Symptoms 317
Testing 317
Differential Diagnosis 317
Treatment 317
Complications and Pitfalls 319
Suggested Readings 320
83 Latissimus Dorsi Syndrome 321
The Clinical Syndrome 321
Signs and Symptoms 322
Testing 322
Differential Diagnosis 322
Treatment 323
Complications and Pitfalls 323
Suggested Readings 323
84 Spinal Stenosis 324
The Clinical Syndrome 324
Signs and Symptoms 325
Testing 325
Differential Diagnosis 327
Treatment 327
Complications and Pitfalls 327
Suggested Readings 327
85 Arachnoiditis 328
The Clinical Syndrome 328
Signs and Symptoms 328
Testing 328
Differential Diagnosis 328
Treatment 328
Complications and Pitfalls 331
Suggested Readings 331
86 Discitis 332
The Clinical Syndrome 332
Signs and Symptoms 332
Testing 333
Treatment 334
Differential Diagnosis 335
Complications and Pitfalls 335
Suggested Readings 336
87 Sacroiliac Joint Pain 337
The Clinical Syndrome 337
Signs and Symptoms 337
Testing 338
Differential Diagnosis 340
Treatment 340
Complications and Pitfalls 340
Suggested Readings 341
XII Pelvic Pain Syndromes 342
88 Osteitis Pubis 342
The Clinical Syndrome 342
Signs and Symptoms 342
Testing 342
Differential Diagnosis 343
Treatment 343
Complications and Pitfalls 344
Suggested Readings 345
89 Gluteus Maximus Syndrome 346
The Clinical Syndrome 346
Signs and Symptoms 347
Testing 347
Differential Diagnosis 348
Treatment 348
Complications and Pitfalls 348
Suggested Readings 349
90 Piriformis Syndrome 350
The Clinical Syndrome 350
Signs and Symptoms 350
Testing 351
Differential Diagnosis 351
Treatment 351
Complications and Pitfalls 353
Suggested Readings 354
91 Ischiogluteal Bursitis 355
The Clinical Syndrome 355
Signs and Symptoms 355
Testing 356
Differential Diagnosis 356
Treatment 356
Complications and Pitfalls 357
Suggested Readings 357
92 Endometriosis 358
The Clinical Syndrome 358
Signs and Symptoms 358
Testing 358
Differential Diagnosis 360
Treatment 361
Complications and Pitfalls 361
Suggested Readings 362
93 Pelvic Inflammatory Disease 363
The Clinical Syndrome 363
Signs and Symptoms 364
Testing 364
Differential Diagnosis 365
Treatment 365
Complications and Pitfalls 365
Suggested Readings 367
94 Interstitial Cystitis 368
The Clinical Syndrome 368
Signs and Symptoms 368
Testing 368
Differential Diagnosis 369
Treatment 369
Complications and Pitfalls 370
Suggested Readings 370
95 Testicular Torsion 371
The Clinical Syndrome 371
Signs and Symptoms 372
Testing 372
Differential Diagnosis 372
Treatment 373
Complications and Pitfalls 373
Suggested Readings 373
96 Levator Ani Syndrome 374
The Clinical Syndrome 374
Signs and Symptoms 376
Testing 376
Differential Diagnosis 376
Treatment 376
Complications and Pitfalls 377
Suggested Readings 377
97 Coccydynia 378
The Clinical Syndrome 378
Signs and Symptoms 378
Testing 378
Differential Diagnosis 378
Treatment 379
Complications and Pitfalls 379
Suggested Readings 382
XIII Hip and Lower Extremity Pain Syndromes 383
98 Arthritis Pain of the Hip 383
The Clinical Syndrome 383
Signs and Symptoms 383
Testing 383
Differential Diagnosis 383
Treatment 385
Complications and Pitfalls 386
Suggested Readings 386
99 Snapping Hip Syndrome 387
The Clinical Syndrome 387
Signs and Symptoms 387
Testing 387
Differential Diagnosis 389
Treatment 389
Complications and Pitfalls 389
Suggested Readings 390
100 Iliopectineal Bursitis 391
The Clinical Syndrome 391
Signs and Symptoms 391
Testing 392
Differential Diagnosis 392
Treatment 392
Complications and Pitfalls 393
Suggested Readings 394
101 Ischial Bursitis 395
The Clinical Syndrome 395
Signs and Symptoms 395
Testing 396
Differential Diagnosis 396
Treatment 397
Complications and Pitfalls 397
Suggested Readings 398
102 Meralgia Paresthetica 399
The Clinical Syndrome 399
Signs and Symptoms 399
Testing 400
Differential Diagnosis 400
Treatment 400
Complications and Pitfalls 401
Suggested Readings 402
103 Phantom Limb Pain 403
The Clinical Syndrome 403
Signs and Symptoms 403
Testing 404
Differential Diagnosis 404
Treatment 404
Analgesics 404
Antidepressants 405
Nerve Block 405
Opioid Analgesics 405
Adjunctive Treatments 405
Complications and Pitfalls 405
Suggested Readings 405
104 Trochanteric Bursitis 407
The Clinical Syndrome 407
Signs and Symptoms 407
Testing 408
Differential Diagnosis 408
Treatment 409
Complications and Pitfalls 410
Suggested Readings 410
XIV Knee and Distal Lower Extremity Pain Syndromes 412
105 Arthritis Pain of the Knee 412
The Clinical Syndrome 412
Signs and Symptoms 412
Testing 412
Differential Diagnosis 413
Treatment 413
Complications and Pitfalls 414
Suggested Readings 414
106 Avascular Necrosis of the Knee Joint 415
The Clinical Syndrome 415
Signs and Symptoms 415
Testing 416
Differential Diagnosis 416
Treatment 416
Complications and Pitfalls 417
Suggested Readings 419
107 Medial Collateral Ligament Syndrome 420
The Clinical Syndrome 420
Signs and Symptoms 420
Testing 420
Differential Diagnosis 421
Treatment 421
Complications and Pitfalls 423
Suggested Readings 424
108 Medial Meniscal Tear 425
The Clinical Syndrome 425
Signs and Symptoms 426
Testing 427
Differential Diagnosis 427
Treatment 428
Complications and Pitfalls 428
Suggested Readings 428
109 Anterior Cruciate Ligament Syndrome 430
The Clinical Syndrome 430
Signs and Symptoms 430
Testing 432
Differential Diagnosis 432
Treatment 432
Complications and Pitfalls 433
Suggested Readings 434
110 Jumper’s Knee 435
The Clinical Syndrome 435
Signs and Symptoms 436
Testing 436
Differential Diagnosis 437
Treatment 437
Complications and Pitfalls 439
Suggested Readings 439
111 Runner’s Knee 440
The Clinical Syndrome 440
Signs and Symptoms 440
Testing 441
Differential Diagnosis 441
Treatment 441
Complications and Pitfalls 443
Suggested Readings 443
112 Suprapatellar Bursitis 445
The Clinical Syndrome 445
Signs and Symptoms 445
Testing 446
Differential Diagnosis 447
Treatment 447
Complications and Pitfalls 448
Suggested Readings 448
113 Prepatellar Bursitis 449
The Clinical Syndrome 449
Signs and Symptoms 450
Testing 450
Differential Diagnosis 450
Treatment 451
Complications and Pitfalls 452
Suggested Readings 452
114 Superficial Infrapatellar Bursitis 453
The Clinical Syndrome 453
Signs and Symptoms 453
Testing 453
Differential Diagnosis 454
Treatment 454
Complications and Pitfalls 455
Suggested Readings 455
115 Deep Infrapatellar Bursitis 456
The Clinical Syndrome 456
Signs and Symptoms 456
Testing 456
Differential Diagnosis 457
Treatment 458
Complications and Pitfalls 458
Suggested Readings 458
116 Osgood-Schlatter Disease 459
The Clinical Syndrome 459
Signs and Symptoms 460
Testing 460
Differential Diagnosis 460
Treatment 460
Complications and Pitfalls 463
Suggested Readings 463
117 Baker’s Cyst of the Knee 464
The Clinical Syndrome 464
Signs and Symptoms 464
Testing 464
Differential Diagnosis 464
Treatment 464
Complications and Pitfalls 466
Suggested Readings 467
118 Pes Anserine Bursitis 468
The Clinical Syndrome 468
Signs and Symptoms 468
Testing 469
Differential Diagnosis 469
Treatment 469
Complications and Pitfalls 471
Suggested Readings 471
119 Common Peroneal Nerve Entrapment 472
The Clinical Syndrome 472
Signs and Symptoms 472
Testing 473
Differential Diagnosis 474
Treatment 474
Complications and Pitfalls 475
Suggested Readings 475
120 Tennis Leg 476
The Clinical Syndrome 476
Signs and Symptoms 476
Testing 476
Differential Diagnosis 478
Treatment 478
Complications and Pitfalls 478
Suggested Readings 478
XV Ankle Pain Syndromes 480
121 Arthritis Pain of the Ankle 480
The Clinical Syndrome 480
Signs and Symptoms 480
Testing 480
Differential Diagnosis 480
Treatment 482
Complications and Pitfalls 482
Suggested Readings 483
122 Arthritis of the Midtarsal Joints 484
The Clinical Syndrome 484
Signs and Symptoms 484
Testing 484
Differential Diagnosis 485
Treatment 485
Complications and Pitfalls 486
Suggested Readings 486
123 Deltoid Ligament Strain 487
The Clinical Syndrome 487
Signs and Symptoms 487
Testing 487
Differential Diagnosis 487
Treatment 491
Complications and Pitfalls 491
Suggested Readings 491
124 Anterior Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome 492
The Clinical Syndrome 492
Signs and Symptoms 492
Testing 492
Differential Diagnosis 493
Treatment 494
Complications and Pitfalls 495
Suggested Readings 495
125 Posterior Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome 496
The Clinical Syndrome 496
Signs and Symptoms 496
Testing 496
Differential Diagnosis 496
Treatment 497
Complications and Pitfalls 498
Suggested Readings 499
126 Achilles Tendinitis 500
The Clinical Syndrome 500
Signs and Symptoms 500
Testing 500
Differential Diagnosis 500
Treatment 501
Complications and Pitfalls 502
Suggested Readings 502
127 Achilles Tendon Rupture 503
The Clinical Syndrome 503
Signs and Symptoms 503
Testing 503
Differential Diagnosis 503
Treatment 503
Complications and Pitfalls 505
Suggested Readings 506
XVI Foot Pain Syndromes 507
128 Arthritis Pain of the Toes 507
The Clinical Syndrome 507
Signs and Symptoms 507
Testing 508
Differential Diagnosis 508
Treatment 508
Complications and Pitfalls 509
Suggested Readings 509
129 Bunion Pain 510
The Clinical Syndrome 510
Signs and Symptoms 510
Testing 510
Differential Diagnosis 511
Treatment 511
Complications and Pitfalls 511
Suggested Readings 512
130 Morton’s Neuroma 513
The Clinical Syndrome 513
Signs and Symptoms 513
Testing 514
Differential Diagnosis 514
Treatment 514
Complications and Pitfalls 515
Suggested Readings 515
131 Intermetatarsal Bursitis 516
The Clinical Syndrome 516
Signs and Symptoms 516
Testing 516
Differential Diagnosis 518
Treatment 519
Complications and Pitfalls 519
Suggested Readings 520
132 Freiberg Disease 521
The Clinical Syndrome 521
Signs and Symptoms 521
Testing 522
Differential Diagnosis 522
Treatment 522
Complications and Pitfalls 523
Suggested Readings 524
133 Plantar Fasciitis 525
The Clinical Syndrome 525
Signs and Symptoms 525
Testing 525
Differential Diagnosis 526
Treatment 526
Complications and Pitfalls 528
Suggested Readings 528
134 Sesamoiditis 529
The Clinical Syndrome 529
Signs and Symptoms 529
Testing 530
Differential Diagnosis 530
Treatment 530
Complications and Pitfalls 532
Suggested Readings 533
135 Calcaneal Spur Syndrome 534
The Clinical Syndrome 534
Signs and Symptoms 534
Testing 534
Differential Diagnosis 534
Treatment 534
Complications and Pitfalls 536
Suggested Readings 537
136 Mallet Toe 538
The Clinical Syndrome 538
Signs and Symptoms 538
Testing 538
Differential Diagnosis 538
Treatment 540
Complications and Pitfalls 540
Suggested Readings 540
137 Hammer Toe 541
The Clinical Syndrome 541
Signs and Symptoms 541
Testing 541
Differential Diagnosis 541
Treatment 541
Complications and Pitfalls 542
Suggested Readings 543
Index 544
A 544
B 545
C 545
D 546
E 547
F 547
G 548
H 548
I 548
J 549
K 549
L 549
M 549
N 550
O 550
P 551
Q 552
R 552
S 552
T 553
U 554
V 554
W 555
Y 555
Z 555
IBC_Clinical Key ad IBC1