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Book Details
Abstract
This issue of Surgical Pathology Clinics, edited by Dr. Laura C. Collins, will focus on Breast Pathology. Topics include, but are not limited to: Core needle biopsy of the breast, Mucinous Lesions of the Breast: Pragmatic approach to fibroepithelial lesions; Lymph node inclusions; Differential diagnosis of benign spindle cell lesions of the breast; Ancillary Prognostic and Predictive Testing in Breast Cancer; Lesions of the Low Grade Breast Neoplasia Pathway; Genotype-Phenotype Correlation in Breast Neoplasia; Lobular Carcinoma in Situ; and Processing and Reporting of Breast Specimens in the Neoadjuvant Setting.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | Cover | ||
| Breast Pathology | i | ||
| Copyright\r | ii | ||
| Contributors | iii | ||
| CONSULTING EDITOR | iii | ||
| EDITOR | iii | ||
| AUTHORS | iii | ||
| Contents | v | ||
| Preface: Contemporary Topics in Breast Pathology | v | ||
| Core Needle Biopsy of the Breast: An Evaluation of Contemporary Data | v | ||
| A Diagnostic Approach to Fibroepithelial Breast Lesions | v | ||
| Axillary Lymph Node Inclusions | v | ||
| An Update of Mucinous Lesions of the Breast | v | ||
| Differential Diagnosis of Benign Spindle Cell Lesions | vi | ||
| Lobular Carcinoma In Situ | vi | ||
| Ancillary Prognostic and Predictive Testing in Breast Cancer: Focus on Discordant, Unusual, and Borderline Results | vi | ||
| Precursor Lesions of the Low-Grade Breast Neoplasia Pathway | vi | ||
| Genotype-Phenotype Correlations in Breast Cancer | vii | ||
| Processing and Reporting of Breast Specimens in the Neoadjuvant Setting | vii | ||
| SURGICAL PATHOLOGY CLINICS\r | viii | ||
| FORTHCOMING ISSUES | viii | ||
| June 2018 | viii | ||
| September 2018 | viii | ||
| December 2018 | viii | ||
| RECENT ISSUES | viii | ||
| December 2017 | viii | ||
| September 2017 | viii | ||
| June 2017 | viii | ||
| Preface:\rContemporary Topics in Breast Pathology | ix | ||
| Core Needle Biopsy of the Breast | 1 | ||
| ABSTRACT | 1 | ||
| OVERVIEW: SCREENING AND DETECTION | 1 | ||
| ATYPICAL DUCTAL HYPERPLASIA | 2 | ||
| IMMUNOPHENOTYPE | 3 | ||
| OUTCOME FOLLOWING CORE NEEDLE BIOPSY | 3 | ||
| ATYPICAL LOBULAR HYPERPLASIA AND LOBULAR CARCINOMA IN SITU | 3 | ||
| IMMUNOPHENOTYPE | 4 | ||
| OUTCOME FOLLOWING CORE NEEDLE BIOPSY | 4 | ||
| FLAT EPITHELIAL ATYPIA | 4 | ||
| IMMUNOPHENOTYPE | 5 | ||
| OUTCOME FOLLOWING CORE NEEDLE BIOPSY | 5 | ||
| PAPILLOMAS | 5 | ||
| IMMUNOPHENOTYPE | 6 | ||
| OUTCOME FOLLOWING CORE NEEDLE BIOPSY | 7 | ||
| RADIAL SCAR | 8 | ||
| IMMUNOPHENOTYPE | 9 | ||
| OUTCOME FOLLOWING CORE NEEDLE BIOPSY | 9 | ||
| SUMMARY | 10 | ||
| REFERENCES | 10 | ||
| A Diagnostic Approach to Fibroepithelial Breast Lesions | 17 | ||
| ABSTRACT | 17 | ||
| FIBROADENOMA | 17 | ||
| CLINICAL FEATURES | 17 | ||
| GROSS FEATURES | 18 | ||
| MICROSCOPIC FEATURES | 18 | ||
| CYTOLOGIC FINDINGS IN FIBROADENOMA | 18 | ||
| FIBROADENOMA VARIANTS | 18 | ||
| Cellular Fibroadenoma | 18 | ||
| Complex Fibroadenoma | 18 | ||
| Juvenile Fibroadenoma | 19 | ||
| Myxoid Fibroadenoma | 19 | ||
| ANCILLARY INVESTIGATIONS | 21 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 22 | ||
| Fibroadenomatoid Change | 22 | ||
| Tubular Adenoma | 22 | ||
| Nodular Pseudoangiomatous Stromal Hyperplasia | 22 | ||
| Mammary Hamartoma | 22 | ||
| PROGNOSIS | 22 | ||
| PHYLLODES TUMORS | 23 | ||
| CLINICAL FEATURES | 23 | ||
| GROSS FEATURES | 23 | ||
| MICROSCOPIC FEATURES | 23 | ||
| Benign Phyllodes Tumor | 23 | ||
| Malignant Phyllodes Tumor | 24 | ||
| Borderline Phyllodes Tumor | 24 | ||
| CYTOLOGIC FINDINGS IN PHYLLODES TUMOR | 25 | ||
| A NOTE ON SAMPLING | 29 | ||
| ANCILLARY INVESTIGATIONS | 29 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 29 | ||
| Fibromatosis | 29 | ||
| Metaplastic Carcinoma | 29 | ||
| Sarcoma | 29 | ||
| Malignant Melanoma | 29 | ||
| Periductal Stromal Tumor | 29 | ||
| PROGNOSIS | 30 | ||
| CORE BIOPSY OF FIBROEPITHELIAL LESIONS: CHALLENGES AND PRACTICAL RECOMMENDATIONS | 32 | ||
| DISTINGUISHING FIBROADENOMA AND PHYLLODES TUMOR ON CYTOLOGY | 35 | ||
| A NOTE ON FIBROEPITHELIAL BREAST LESIONS IN YOUNG PATIENTS | 35 | ||
| MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF FIBROEPITHELIAL BREAST LESIONS | 36 | ||
| SUMMARY | 36 | ||
| REFERENCES | 37 | ||
| Axillary Lymph Node Inclusions | 43 | ||
| ABSTRACT | 43 | ||
| OVERVIEW | 43 | ||
| EPITHELIAL INCLUSIONS | 44 | ||
| MAMMARY-TYPE GLANDULAR INCLUSIONS (HETEROTOPIC BREAST PARENCHYMA) | 44 | ||
| Pathologic Features | 44 | ||
| Differential Diagnosis | 44 | ||
| Diagnosis | 44 | ||
| Prognosis | 49 | ||
| MULLERIAN-TYPE GLANDULAR INCLUSIONS | 49 | ||
| Pathologic Features | 49 | ||
| Differential Diagnosis | 49 | ||
| Diagnosis | 49 | ||
| Prognosis | 50 | ||
| SQUAMOUS INCLUSIONS | 50 | ||
| Pathologic Features | 51 | ||
| Differential Diagnosis | 51 | ||
| Diagnosis | 51 | ||
| Prognosis | 52 | ||
| MIXED GLANDULAR-SQUAMOUS INCLUSIONS | 52 | ||
| Pathologic Features | 52 | ||
| Differential Diagnosis | 53 | ||
| Diagnosis | 54 | ||
| Prognosis | 54 | ||
| NONEPITHELIAL INCLUSIONS | 55 | ||
| NODAL NEVI | 55 | ||
| Pathologic Features | 55 | ||
| Differential Diagnosis | 56 | ||
| Diagnosis | 56 | ||
| Prognosis | 57 | ||
| ACKNOWLEDGMENTS | 57 | ||
| REFERENCES | 57 | ||
| An Update of Mucinous Lesions of the Breast | 61 | ||
| ABSTRACT | 61 | ||
| OVERVIEW | 61 | ||
| MUCOCELELIKE LESIONS | 62 | ||
| GROSS FEATURES | 62 | ||
| MICROSCOPIC FEATURES | 62 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 64 | ||
| PROGNOSIS | 67 | ||
| MUCINOUS CARCINOMA | 69 | ||
| GROSS FEATURES | 69 | ||
| MICROSCOPIC FEATURES | 69 | ||
| DIAGNOSIS | 70 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 71 | ||
| PROGNOSIS | 74 | ||
| MUCINOUS CYSTADENOCARCINOMA | 75 | ||
| SOLID PAPILLARY CARCINOMA | 76 | ||
| GROSS FEATURES | 76 | ||
| MICROSCOPIC FEATURES | 77 | ||
| DIAGNOSIS | 79 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 81 | ||
| PROGNOSIS | 81 | ||
| INVASIVE LOBULAR CARCINOMA WITH EXTRACELLULAR MUCIN PRODUCTION | 81 | ||
| SALIVARY GLAND–TYPE TUMORS OF THE BREAST WITH MUCINOUS FEATURES | 82 | ||
| MUCOEPIDERMOID CARCINOMA | 82 | ||
| ADENOID CYSTIC CARCINOMA | 82 | ||
| BREAST LESIONS WITH MUCIN MIMICS | 83 | ||
| SUMMARY | 87 | ||
| REFERENCES | 87 | ||
| Differential Diagnosis of Benign Spindle Cell Lesions | 91 | ||
| ABSTRACT | 91 | ||
| OVERVIEW | 91 | ||
| BENIGN SPINDLE CELL TUMOR-LIKE LESIONS | 93 | ||
| BENIGN SPINDLE CELL TUMORS | 95 | ||
| BENIGN SPINDLE CELL LESIONS VERSUS BLAND-LOOKING AGGRESSIVE SPINDLE CELL TUMORS | 102 | ||
| CONCLUDING REMARKS | 108 | ||
| REFERENCES | 117 | ||
| Lobular Carcinoma In Situ | 123 | ||
| ABSTRACT | 123 | ||
| OVERVIEW | 123 | ||
| EPIDEMIOLOGY | 124 | ||
| CLINICAL FEATURES | 124 | ||
| HISTOPATHOLOGY | 124 | ||
| CLASSIC LOBULAR CARCINOMA IN SITU | 124 | ||
| LOBULAR CARCINOMA IN SITU VARIANTS | 126 | ||
| Pleomorphic Lobular Carcinoma In Situ | 126 | ||
| Lobular Carcinoma In Situ with Necrosis (Also Known as “Florid” Lobular Carcinoma In Situ) | 128 | ||
| IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY | 128 | ||
| E-CADHERIN | 128 | ||
| P120-CATENIN | 131 | ||
| ESTROGEN RECEPTOR, PROGESTERONE RECEPTOR, AND HUMAN EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR 2 | 133 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS AND DIAGNOSTIC PITFALLS | 134 | ||
| LOBULAR CARCINOMA IN SITU VARIANTS MIMIC SOLID DUCTAL CARCINOMA IN SITU | 134 | ||
| CLASSIC LOBULAR CARCINOMA IN SITU INVOLVING COLLAGENOUS SPHERULOSIS MIMICS LOW-GRADE CRIBRIFORM DUCTAL CARCINOMA IN SITU | 135 | ||
| LOBULAR CARCINOMA IN SITU INVOLVING SCLEROSING ADENOSIS MIMICS INVASIVE LOBULAR CARCINOMA | 135 | ||
| GENETICS | 135 | ||
| NATURAL HISTORY AND PROGNOSIS | 137 | ||
| MANAGEMENT | 139 | ||
| SUMMARY | 141 | ||
| REFERENCES | 141 | ||
| Ancillary Prognostic and Predictive Testing in Breast Cancer | 147 | ||
| ABSTRACT | 147 | ||
| ROLE OF ANCILLARY TESTS IN BREAST CANCER TREATMENT | 147 | ||
| OVERVIEW | 147 | ||
| OVERVIEW OF EVALUATION OF DISCORDANT RESULTS | 150 | ||
| HORMONE RECEPTOR STAINS | 152 | ||
| FUNCTION OF HORMONE RECEPTORS | 152 | ||
| INTERPRETATION OF HORMONE RECEPTOR STAINS | 152 | ||
| EXPECTED VERSUS UNEXPECTED HORMONE RECEPTOR RESULTS | 153 | ||
| Consideration for Additional Testing | 155 | ||
| Validation | 155 | ||
| INTERPRETATION OF HUMAN EPITHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR 2 RESULTS | 155 | ||
| FUNCTION | 156 | ||
| TESTING METHODOLOGIES | 156 | ||
| INTERPRETATION OF HUMAN EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR 2 IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY | 156 | ||
| UNUSUAL STAINING PATTERNS | 157 | ||
| INTERPRETATION OF HUMAN EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR 2 IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION TESTING | 160 | ||
| USUAL OR BORDERLINE RESULTS | 160 | ||
| Group 2 (Ratio ≥2.0 and <4.0 Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Signals per Cell) | 161 | ||
| Group 3 (Ratio <2.0 and ≥6.0 Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Signals per Cell) | 162 | ||
| Group 4 (Ratio <2.0 and 4.0–6.0 Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Signals per Cell) | 162 | ||
| EXPECTED VERSUS UNEXPECTED RESULTS | 162 | ||
| Consideration for Additional Testing | 164 | ||
| Validation | 164 | ||
| PROLIFERATION MARKERS: KI67 AND PANEL-BASED ASSAYS | 164 | ||
| Function | 165 | ||
| Interpretation | 165 | ||
| Ki67 | 165 | ||
| Panel-based assays | 168 | ||
| Expected Versus Unexpected Results | 169 | ||
| Ki67 | 169 | ||
| Oncotype DX | 169 | ||
| Validation | 169 | ||
| SUMMARY | 171 | ||
| REFERENCES | 171 | ||
| Precursor Lesions of the Low-Grade Breast Neoplasia Pathway | 177 | ||
| ABSTRACT | 177 | ||
| OVERVIEW | 177 | ||
| COLUMNAR CELL LESIONS | 178 | ||
| DEFINITION AND MORPHOLOGY | 178 | ||
| PRESENTATION | 180 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 180 | ||
| MANAGEMENT | 181 | ||
| OUTCOME | 182 | ||
| ATYPICAL DUCTAL HYPERPLASIA | 183 | ||
| DEFINITION AND MORPHOLOGY | 183 | ||
| PRESENTATION | 183 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 183 | ||
| MANAGEMENT | 186 | ||
| OUTCOME | 187 | ||
| LOW-GRADE DUCTAL CARCINOMA IN SITU | 188 | ||
| DEFINITION AND MORPHOLOGY | 188 | ||
| PRESENTATION | 188 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 189 | ||
| MANAGEMENT | 190 | ||
| OUTCOME | 191 | ||
| LOBULAR NEOPLASIA | 191 | ||
| INVASIVE CARCINOMAS | 191 | ||
| THE LOW-GRADE BREAST NEOPLASIA PATHWAY | 191 | ||
| SUMMARY | 194 | ||
| REFERENCES | 194 | ||
| Genotype-Phenotype Correlations in Breast Cancer | 199 | ||
| ABSTRACT | 199 | ||
| OVERVIEW | 199 | ||
| SECRETORY CARCINOMA | 200 | ||
| ADENOID CYSTIC CARCINOMA | 202 | ||
| INVASIVE LOBULAR CARCINOMA | 204 | ||
| SOLID PAPILLARY CARCINOMA WITH REVERSE POLARITY | 205 | ||
| PHENOTYPIC CORRELATES OF MOLECULAR SUBTYPES AND HEREDITARY BREAST CANCERS | 207 | ||
| SUMMARY | 208 | ||
| REFERENCES | 208 | ||
| Processing and Reporting of Breast Specimens in the Neoadjuvant Setting | 213 | ||
| ABSTRACT | 213 | ||
| NEOADJUVANT TREATMENT OF BREAST CANCER | 213 | ||
| MULTIDISCIPLINARY COLLABORATION | 214 | ||
| ROLE OF PATHOLOGY BEFORE NEOADJUVANT TREATMENT | 215 | ||
| INITIAL DIAGNOSIS | 215 | ||
| EVALUATION OF THE AXILLA | 215 | ||
| CLIPS | 215 | ||
| ROLE OF PATHOLOGY AFTER NEOADJUVANT TREATMENT | 217 | ||
| PROCESSING OF POST-NEOADJUVANT BREAST CANCER SPECIMENS | 217 | ||
| Post-neoadjuvant Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy and Axillary Dissection Specimens | 217 | ||
| Small Lumpectomy Specimens | 218 | ||
| Large Lumpectomy Specimens | 218 | ||
| Mastectomy Specimens | 218 | ||
| Extent of Sampling for Large Lumpectomy and Mastectomy Specimens | 218 | ||
| Submitting Samples for Research | 219 | ||
| MICROSCOPIC EVALUATION | 219 | ||
| Tumor Type and Grade | 219 | ||
| Size and Extent | 219 | ||
| Cellularity | 221 | ||
| Lymphovascular Invasion | 221 | ||
| Margins | 221 | ||
| Lymph Node Status | 221 | ||
| PUTTING IT ALL TOGETHER | 222 | ||
| Complete Pathologic Response | 222 | ||
| Residual Disease | 222 | ||
| Other Prognostic Factors | 224 | ||
| Future Directions | 225 | ||
| SUMMARY | 228 | ||
| REFERENCES | 229 |