BOOK
Workbook for Bontrager's Textbook of Radiographic Positioning and Related Anatomy - E-Book
John Lampignano | Leslie E. Kendrick
(2017)
Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
Master radiographic positioning and produce quality radiographs! Bontrager’s Workbook for Textbook of Radiographic Positioning and Related Anatomy, 9th Edition offers opportunities for application to enhance your understanding and retention. This companion Workbook supports and complements Lampignano and Kendrick’s text with a wide variety of exercises including situational questions, laboratory activities, self-evaluation tests, and film critique questions, which describe an improperly positioned radiograph then ask what corrections need to be made to improve the image.
- A wide variety of exercises include questions on anatomy, positioning critique, and image evaluation, with answers at the end of the workbook, to reinforce concepts and assess learning.
- Situational questions describe clinical scenarios then ask a related question that requires you to think through and apply positioning info to specific clinical examples.
- Chapter objectives provide a checklist for completing the workbook activities.
- Film critique questions describe an improperly positioned radiograph then ask what corrections need to be made to improve the image, preparing you to evaluate the quality of radiographs you take in the clinical setting.
- Laboratory exercises provide hands-on experience performing radiographs using phantoms, evaluating the images, and practicing positioning.
- Self-tests at the end of chapters help you assess your learning with multiple choice, labeling, short answer, matching, and true/false questions. Answers are provided on the Evolve site.
- NEW! Updated content matches the revisions to the textbook, supporting and promoting understanding of complex concepts.
- NEW and UPDATED! Stronger focus on computed and digital radiography, with images from the newest equipment to accompany related questions, prepares you for the boards and clinical success.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | cover | ||
| Workbook for Textbook of Radiographic Positioning and Related Anatomy | i | ||
| Copyright Page | ii | ||
| Acknowledgments | iii | ||
| Preface | iv | ||
| New to This Edition | iv | ||
| Bontrager’s Handbook | iv | ||
| Information for Faculty | iv | ||
| Instructor Resources | iv | ||
| Student Instructions | vi | ||
| Objectives | vi | ||
| Textbook and Workbook | vi | ||
| Learning Exercises | vi | ||
| Anatomy Activities | vi | ||
| Step 1 (Textbook) | vi | ||
| Step 2 (Workbook, Part I) | vi | ||
| Positioning Activities | vi | ||
| Step 3 (Textbook) | vi | ||
| Step 4 (Workbook, Part II) | vii | ||
| Laboratory Activity | vii | ||
| Step 5 (Workbook, Part III—Laboratory Activity) | vii | ||
| Self-Test | vii | ||
| Step 6 | vii | ||
| Table Of Contents | ix | ||
| 1 Terminology, Positioning, and Imaging Principles | 1 | ||
| Chapter Objectives | 1 | ||
| A. General, Systemic, and Skeletal Anatomy and Arthrology | 1 | ||
| B. Positioning Terminology | 1 | ||
| C. Positioning Principles | 1 | ||
| D. Image Quality in Analog (Film-Screen) Imaging | 2 | ||
| E. Image Quality in Digital Radiography | 2 | ||
| F. Applications of Digital Technology | 3 | ||
| G. Radiation Protection | 3 | ||
| Learning Exercises | 3 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE A: General, Systemic, and Skeletal Anatomy and Arthrology (see textbook pp. 3–15) | 4 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE B: Positioning Terminology (see textbook pp. 16–30) | 7 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE C: Positioning Principles (see textbook pp. 31–37) | 10 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE D: Image Quality in Film-Screen (Analog) Imaging (see textbook pp. 38–48) | 12 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE E: Image Quality in Digital Radiography (see textbook pp. 49–53) | 15 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE F: Applications of Digital Technology (see textbook pp. 54–59) | 18 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE G: Radiation Protection (see textbook pp. 60–70) | 21 | ||
| Self-Test | 26 | ||
| Self-Test A: General, Systemic, and Skeletal Anatomy and Arthrology | 26 | ||
| Self-Test B: Positioning Terminology | 28 | ||
| Self-Test C: Positioning Principles | 31 | ||
| Self-Test D: Image Quality in Analog (Film-Screen) Imaging | 33 | ||
| Self-Test E: Image Quality in Digital Radiography | 36 | ||
| Self-Test F: Applications of Digital Technology | 37 | ||
| Self-Test G: Radiation Protection | 39 | ||
| 2 Chest | 41 | ||
| Chapter Objectives | 41 | ||
| Positioning and Radiographic Critique | 42 | ||
| Learning Exercises | 42 | ||
| PART I: Radiographic Anatomy | 42 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE A: Radiographic Anatomy of the Chest (see textbook pp. 72–79) | 42 | ||
| PART II: Radiographic Positioning | 46 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE B: Technical Considerations (see textbook pp. 80–91) | 46 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE C: Positioning of the Chest (see textbook pp. 92–103) | 50 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE D: Problem Solving for Technical and Positioning Errors | 51 | ||
| PART III: Laboratory Activities | 53 | ||
| Laboratory Exercise A: Energized Laboratory | 53 | ||
| Laboratory Exercise B: Physical Positioning | 54 | ||
| Step 1. General patient positioning | 54 | ||
| Step 2. Measuring part thickness | 54 | ||
| Step 3. Part positioning | 54 | ||
| Step 4. Image receptor (IR) centering | 54 | ||
| Additional steps or actions | 54 | ||
| Self-Test | 55 | ||
| 3 Abdomen | 62 | ||
| Chapter Objectives | 62 | ||
| Positioning and Radiographic Critique | 63 | ||
| Learning Exercises | 63 | ||
| Part I: Radiographic Anatomy | 63 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE A: Abdominopelvic Anatomy (see textbook pp. 106–113) | 63 | ||
| Part II: Radiographic Positioning and Other Patient Considerations | 67 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE B: Shielding, Exposure Factors, and Positioning (see textbook pp. 114–117) | 67 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE C: Problem Solving for Technical and Positioning Errors | 70 | ||
| Part III: Laboratory Exercises | 73 | ||
| Laboratory Exercise A: Energized Laboratory | 73 | ||
| Laboratory Exercise B: Physical Positioning | 73 | ||
| Step 1. General patient positioning | 73 | ||
| Step 2. Measuring part thickness | 73 | ||
| Step 3. Part positioning | 73 | ||
| Step 4. IR centering | 74 | ||
| Additional steps or actions | 74 | ||
| Self-Test | 75 | ||
| 4 Upper Limb | 83 | ||
| Chapter Objectives | 83 | ||
| Positioning and Radiographic Critique | 84 | ||
| Learning Exercises | 84 | ||
| Part I: Radiographic Anatomy | 84 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE A: Anatomy of the Hand and Wrist (see textbook pp. 128–131) | 84 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE B: Anatomy of the Forearm, Elbow, and Distal Humerus (see textbook pp. 132–134) | 87 | ||
| Part II: Radiographic Positioning | 91 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE C: Positioning of the Fingers, Thumb, Hand, and Wrist (see textbook pp. 142–163) | 91 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE D: Clinical Indications of the Fingers, Thumb, Hand, and Wrist (see textbook pp. 140–141) | 95 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE E: Positioning of the Forearm, Elbow, and Humerus (see textbook pp. 164–174) | 95 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE F: Problem Solving for Technical and Positioning Errors | 96 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE G: Critique Radiographs of the Upper Limb (see textbook p. 175) | 98 | ||
| Part III: Laboratory Exercises | 100 | ||
| Laboratory Exercise A: Energized Laboratory | 100 | ||
| Laboratory Exercise B: Radiographic Evaluation | 101 | ||
| Laboratory Exercise C: Physical Positioning | 101 | ||
| Self-Test | 102 | ||
| 5 Humerus and Shoulder Girdle | 113 | ||
| Chapter Objectives | 113 | ||
| Positioning and Radiographic Critique | 113 | ||
| Learning Exercises | 114 | ||
| Part I: Radiographic Anatomy | 114 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE A: Radiographic Anatomy of the Humerus and Shoulder Girdle (see textbook pp. 178–182) | 114 | ||
| Part II: Radiographic Positioning | 118 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE B: Positioning of the Humerus and Shoulder Girdle (see textbook pp. 183–209) | 118 | ||
| Review Exercise C: Problem Solving for Technical and Positioning Errors | 123 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE D: Critique Radiographs of the Humerus and Shoulder Girdle (see textbook p. 210) | 125 | ||
| Part III: Laboratory Exercises | 127 | ||
| Laboratory Exercise A: Energized Laboratory | 127 | ||
| Laboratory Exercise B: Radiographic Evaluation | 127 | ||
| Laboratory Exercise C: Physical Positioning | 127 | ||
| Self-Test | 129 | ||
| 6 Lower Limb | 137 | ||
| Chapter Objectives | 137 | ||
| Positioning and Radiographic Critique | 137 | ||
| Learning Exercises | 137 | ||
| Part I: Radiographic Anatomy | 138 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE A: Radiographic Anatomy of the Foot and Ankle (see textbook pp. 212–217) | 138 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE B: Radiographic Anatomy of the Lower Leg, Knee, and Distal Femur (see textbook pp. 218–222) | 141 | ||
| Part II: RADIOGRAPHIC POSITIONING | 145 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE C: Positioning of the Foot and Ankle (see textbook pp. 224–243) | 145 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE D: Positioning of the Tibia, Fibula, Knee, and Distal Femur (see textbook pp. 244–261) | 147 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE E: Problem Solving for Technical and Positioning Errors | 150 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE F: Critique Radiographs of the Lower Limbs (see textbook p. 262) | 153 | ||
| Part III: Laboratory Activities | 155 | ||
| Laboratory Exercise A: Energized Laboratory | 155 | ||
| Laboratory Exercise B: Radiographic Evaluation | 155 | ||
| Laboratory Exercise C: Physical Positioning | 156 | ||
| Self-Test | 157 | ||
| 7 Femur and Pelvic Girdle | 165 | ||
| Chapter Objectives | 165 | ||
| Positioning and Radiographic Critique | 165 | ||
| Learning Exercises | 166 | ||
| Part I: Radiographic Anatomy | 166 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE A: Radiographic Anatomy of the Femur, Hips, and Pelvis (see textbook pp. 264–270) | 166 | ||
| Part II: Radiographic Positioning | 170 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE B: Positioning of the Femur, Hips, and Pelvis (see textbook pp. 271–288) | 170 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE C: Problem Solving for Technical and Positioning Errors | 174 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE D: Critique Radiographs of the Femur and Pelvis (see textbook p. 289) | 176 | ||
| Part III: Laboratory Exercises | 177 | ||
| Laboratory Exercise A: Energized Laboratory | 177 | ||
| Laboratory Exercise B: Radiographic Evaluation | 178 | ||
| Laboratory Exercise C: Physical Positioning | 178 | ||
| Self-Test | 179 | ||
| 8 Cervical and Thoracic Spine | 185 | ||
| Chapter Objectives | 185 | ||
| Positioning and Radiographic Critique | 185 | ||
| Learning Exercises | 186 | ||
| Part I: Radiographic Anatomy | 186 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE A: Radiographic Anatomy of the Cervical and Thoracic Spine (see textbook pp. 292–303) | 186 | ||
| Part II: Radiographic Positioning | 191 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE B: Positioning of the Cervical and Thoracic Spine (see textbook pp. 304–322) | 191 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE C: Problem Solving for Technical and Positioning Errors | 195 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE D: Critique Radiographs of the Cervical and Thoracic Spine (see textbook p. 323) | 197 | ||
| Part III: Laboratory Exercises | 199 | ||
| Laboratory Exercise A: Energized Laboratory | 200 | ||
| Laboratory Exercise B: Radiographic Evaluation | 200 | ||
| Laboratory Exercise C: Physical Positioning | 200 | ||
| Self-Test | 201 | ||
| 9 Lumbar Spine, Sacrum, and Coccyx | 206 | ||
| Chapter Objectives | 206 | ||
| Positioning and Radiographic Critique | 206 | ||
| Learning Exercises | 207 | ||
| Part I: Radiographic Anatomy | 207 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE A: Radiographic Anatomy of the Lumbar Spine, Sacrum, and Coccyx (see textbook pp. 326–331) | 207 | ||
| Part II: Radiographic Positioning | 209 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE B: Positioning of the Lumbar Spine, Sacrum, Coccyx, and Sacroiliac Joints (see textbook pp. 332–352) | 209 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE C: Problem Solving for Technical and Positioning Errors | 213 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE D: Critique Radiographs of the Lumbar Spine, Sacrum, and Coccyx (see textbook p. 353) | 214 | ||
| Part III: Laboratory Exercises | 217 | ||
| Laboratory Exercise A: Energized Laboratory | 217 | ||
| Laboratory Exercise B: Radiographic Evaluation | 217 | ||
| Laboratory Exercise C: Physical Positioning | 217 | ||
| Self-Test | 219 | ||
| 10 Bony Thorax—Sternum and Ribs | 224 | ||
| Chapter Objectives | 224 | ||
| Positioning and Radiographic Critique | 224 | ||
| Learning Exercises | 224 | ||
| Part I: Radiographic Anatomy | 225 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE A: Radiographic Anatomy of the Bony Thorax, Sternum, and Ribs (see textbook pp. 356–358) | 225 | ||
| Part II: Radiographic Positioning | 227 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE B: Positioning of the Ribs and Sternum (see textbook pp. 359–372) | 227 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE C: Problem Solving for Technical and Positioning Errors | 231 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE D: Critique Radiographs of the Bony Thorax (see textbook p. 373) | 233 | ||
| Part III: Laboratory Exercises | 234 | ||
| Laboratory Exercise A: Energized Laboratory | 234 | ||
| Laboratory Exercise B: Radiographic Evaluation | 234 | ||
| Laboratory Exercise C: Physical Positioning | 235 | ||
| Self-Test | 236 | ||
| 11 Skull and Cranial Bones | 242 | ||
| Chapter Objectives | 242 | ||
| Cranium | 242 | ||
| Facial Bones and Paranasal Sinuses | 243 | ||
| Positioning and Radiographic Critique | 243 | ||
| Learning Exercises | 243 | ||
| Part I: Radiographic Anatomy | 244 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE A: Radiographic Anatomy of the Cranium (see textbook pp. 377–384) | 244 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE B: Specific Anatomy and Pathology of the Temporal Bone (see textbook pp. 385–388) | 250 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE C: Radiographic Anatomy of the Facial Bones (see textbook pp. 389–394) | 252 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE D: Radiographic Anatomy of the Paranasal Sinuses (see textbook pp. 395–397) | 255 | ||
| Part II: Radiographic Positioning of Cranium | 257 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE A: Skull Morphology, Topography, Pathology, and Positioning of the Cranium (see textbook pp. 405–409 and 413–418) | 257 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE B: Problem Solving for Technical and Positioning Errors of the Cranium | 261 | ||
| Part III: Radiographic Positioning of Facial Bones, Mandible, and Paranasal Sinuses | 263 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE A: Positioning of the Facial Bones (see textbook pp. 410–411 and 419–428) | 263 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE B: Positioning of the Mandible and Temporomandibular Joints (TMJ) (see textbook pp. 429–436) | 265 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE C: Positioning of the Paranasal Sinuses (see textbook pp. 437–441) | 267 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE D: Problem Solving for Technical and Positioning Errors for Facial Bones, Mandible, and Paranasal Sinuses | 268 | ||
| Part IV: Learning Exercises | 271 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE A: Critique Radiographs of the Cranium (see textbook p. 442) | 271 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE B: Critique Radiographs of the Facial Bones (see textbook p. 443) | 272 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE C: Critique Radiographs of the Paranasal Sinuses (see textbook p. 444) | 274 | ||
| Part V: Laboratory Exercises of Cranium | 275 | ||
| Laboratory Exercise A: Energized Laboratory | 275 | ||
| Laboratory Exercise B: Radiographic Evaluation | 276 | ||
| Laboratory Exercise C: Physical Positioning | 276 | ||
| Part VI: Laboratory Exercises for Facial Bones, Mandible, and Paranasal Sinuses | 276 | ||
| Laboratory Exercise A: Energized Laboratory | 277 | ||
| Laboratory Exercise B: Radiographic Evaluation | 277 | ||
| Laboratory Exercise C: Physical Positioning | 277 | ||
| Self-Test | 279 | ||
| Anatomy and Positioning of Cranium | 279 | ||
| Anatomy and Positioning of Facial Bones, Mandible, and Paranasal Sinuses | 286 | ||
| 12 Biliary Tract and Upper Gastrointestinal System | 292 | ||
| Chapter Objectives | 292 | ||
| Positioning and Radiographic Technique | 293 | ||
| Learning Exercises | 293 | ||
| Part I: Radiographic Anatomy | 293 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE A: Radiographic Anatomy and Clinical Indications of the Gallbladder and Biliary System (see textbook pp. 446–449) | 293 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE B: Specific Anatomy of the Upper Gastrointestinal System (see textbook pp. 450–456) | 295 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE C: Mechanical and Chemical Digestion and Body Habitus (see textbook pp. 457–459) | 299 | ||
| Part II: Radiographic Positioning | 300 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE D: Contrast Media, Fluoroscopy, and Clinical Indications and Contraindications for Upper Gastrointestinal Studies (see textbook pp. 460–468) | 300 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE E: Patient Preparation and Positioning for Esophagogram and Upper Gastrointestinal Study (see textbook pp. 469–486) | 303 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE F: Problem Solving for Technical and Positioning Errors | 306 | ||
| Part III: Laboratory Exercises | 308 | ||
| Laboratory Exercise A: Radiographic Evaluation | 308 | ||
| Laboratory Exercise B: Physical Positioning | 308 | ||
| Self-Test | 309 | ||
| 13 Lower Gastrointestinal System | 318 | ||
| Chapter Objectives | 318 | ||
| Positioning and Radiographic Technique | 319 | ||
| Learning Exercises | 319 | ||
| Part I: Radiographic Anatomy | 319 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE A: Radiographic Anatomy of the Lower Gastrointestinal System (see textbook pp. 488–492) | 319 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE B: Clinical Indications and Radiographic Procedures for the Small Bowel Series and Barium Enema (see textbook pp. 493–512) | 323 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE C: Positioning of the Lower Gastrointestinal System (see textbook pp. 513–524) | 327 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE D: Problem Solving for Technical and Positioning Errors | 329 | ||
| Part II: Laboratory Exercises | 331 | ||
| Laboratory Exercise A: Radiographic Evaluation | 331 | ||
| Laboratory Exercise B: Physical Positioning | 332 | ||
| Self-Test | 333 | ||
| 14 Urinary System and Venipuncture | 339 | ||
| Chapter Objectives | 339 | ||
| Positioning and Radiographic Technique | 340 | ||
| Learning Exercises | 340 | ||
| PART I: Radiographic Anatomy | 340 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE A: Radiographic Anatomy of the Urinary System (see textbook pp. 526–532) | 340 | ||
| PART II: Radiographic Positioning, Contrast Media, and Pathology | 343 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE B: Venipuncture (see textbook pp. 533–537) | 343 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE C: Contrast Media and Urography (see textbook pp. 538–542) | 344 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE D: Radiographic Procedures, Pathologic Terms, and Clinical Indications (see textbook pp. 542–553) | 347 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE E: Radiographic Positioning of the Urinary System (see textbook pp. 554–561) | 351 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE F: Problem Solving for Technical and Positioning Errors | 352 | ||
| PART III: Laboratory Exercises | 354 | ||
| Laboratory Exercise A: Radiographic Evaluation | 354 | ||
| Laboratory Exercise B: Physical Positioning | 354 | ||
| Self-Test | 356 | ||
| 15 Trauma, Mobile, and Surgical Radiography | 362 | ||
| Chapter Objectives | 362 | ||
| Learning Exercises | 363 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE A: Mobile X-Ray Equipment and Radiation Protection (see textbook pp. 568–569 and pp. 598–600) | 363 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE B: Trauma Positioning Principles and Fracture Terminology (see textbook pp. 564–568 and pp. 570–572) | 366 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE C: Trauma and Mobile Positioning and Procedures (see textbook pp. 573–593) | 369 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE D: Surgical Radiography (pp. 594–613) | 372 | ||
| Self-Test | 378 | ||
| 16 Pediatric Radiography | 385 | ||
| Chapter Objectives | 385 | ||
| Learning Exercises | 386 | ||
| Part I: Introduction to Pediatric Radiography | 386 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE A: Immobilization, Ossification, Radiation Protection, Pre-Exam Preparation, and Clinical Indications (see textbook pp. 616–626) | 386 | ||
| Part II: Radiographic Positioning | 390 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE B: Pediatric Positioning of the Chest, Skeletal System, and Skull (see textbook pp. 627–638) | 390 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE C: Positioning of the Pediatric Abdomen and Contrast Media Procedures (see textbook pp. 639–648) | 392 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE D: Problem Solving and Analysis | 394 | ||
| Part III: Laboratory Exercises | 395 | ||
| Laboratory Exercise A: Immobilization | 395 | ||
| Laboratory Exercise B: Physical Positioning | 395 | ||
| Laboratory Exercise C: Anatomy Review and Critique Radiographs of the Abdomen | 397 | ||
| Self-Test | 398 | ||
| 17 Angiography and Interventional Procedures | 403 | ||
| Chapter Objectives | 403 | ||
| Learning Exercises | 404 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE A: Anatomy of Vascular System, Pulmonary and Systemic Circulation, and Cerebral Arteries and Veins (see textbook pp. 650–656) | 404 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE B: Anatomy of Thoracic and Abdominal Arteries and Veins, Portal System, and Upper and Lower Limb Arteries and Veins (see textbook pp. 657–660) | 409 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE C: Angiographic Procedures, Equipment, and Supplies (see textbook pp. 661–673) | 414 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE D: Angiography and Interventional Procedures (see textbook pp. 674–682) | 416 | ||
| Self-Test | 421 | ||
| 18 Computed Tomography | 427 | ||
| Chapter Objectives | 427 | ||
| Learning Exercises | 428 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE A: Brain and Spinal Cord Anatomy (see textbook pp. 684–692) | 428 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE B: Basic Principles of Computed Tomography (see textbook pp. 693–697) | 433 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE C: Clinical Applications of Computed Tomography and Imaging of the Brain (see textbook pp. 698–704) | 436 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE D: Additional and Specialized Computed Tomography Procedures and Computed Tomography Terminology (see textbook pp. 705–709) | 438 | ||
| Laboratory Exercises | 440 | ||
| Laboratory Exercise A: Positioning | 440 | ||
| Self-Test | 441 | ||
| 19 Special Radiographic Procedures | 447 | ||
| Chapter Objectives | 447 | ||
| Arthrography | 447 | ||
| Biliary Procedures | 447 | ||
| Hysterosalpingography | 447 | ||
| Myelography | 447 | ||
| Orthoroentgenography | 448 | ||
| Conventional Tomography | 448 | ||
| Learning Exercises | 448 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE A: Arthrography (see textbook pp. 712–715) | 448 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE B: Biliary Procedures (see textbook pp. 716–717) | 449 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE C: Hysterosalpingography (see textbook pp. 718–720) | 450 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE D: Myelography (see textbook pp. 721–724) | 452 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE E: Orthoroentgenography (see textbook p. 725) | 454 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE F: Conventional Tomography (see textbook pp. 729–730) | 455 | ||
| Laboratory Exercises | 457 | ||
| Exercise A: Orthoroentgenography Long Bone Measurement | 457 | ||
| Exercise B: Conventional Tomography | 457 | ||
| Optional Experiments to Demonstrate Tomographic Principles and Variables | 457 | ||
| Self-Test | 459 | ||
| 20 Diagnostic and Therapeutic Modalities | 463 | ||
| Chapter Objectives | 463 | ||
| Nuclear Medicine | 463 | ||
| Positron Emission Tomography (PET) | 463 | ||
| Radiation Oncology (Therapy) | 463 | ||
| Sonography | 463 | ||
| Mammography | 464 | ||
| Mammography Positioning and Image Critique | 464 | ||
| Bone Densitometry | 465 | ||
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging | 465 | ||
| Learning Exercises | 465 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE A: Nuclear Medicine and PET (see textbook pp. 735–740) | 465 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE B: Radiation Oncology (Therapy) (see textbook pp. 741–742) | 469 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE C: Ultrasound Imaging (Sonography) (see textbook pp. 743–747) | 470 | ||
| Mammography | 473 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE A: Breast Cancer, Anatomy of the Breast, and Mammography Quality Standards Act (see textbook pp. 748–752) | 473 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE B: Patient Preparation, Technical Considerations, Alternative Modalities, and Radiographic Positioning (see textbook pp. 753–766) | 475 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE C: Critique Radiographs of the Breast (see textbook p. 767) | 481 | ||
| Laboratory Exercises | 483 | ||
| Laboratory Exercise A: Positioning | 483 | ||
| Laboratory Exercise B: Image Critique and Evaluation | 483 | ||
| Bone Densitometry | 484 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE: Bone Densitometry (see textbook pp. 768–773) | 484 | ||
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) | 487 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE A: Physical Principles of MRI (see textbook pp. 774–781) | 487 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE B: Clinical Applications, Safety Considerations, and Appearance of Anatomy (see textbook p. 780 and pp. 782–784) | 488 | ||
| REVIEW EXERCISE C: MRI Examinations (see textbook: pp. 785–788) | 491 | ||
| Self-Test | 494 | ||
| Nuclear Medicine and PET | 494 | ||
| Radiation Oncology | 496 | ||
| Sonography | 496 | ||
| Mammography | 497 | ||
| Bone Densitometry | 501 | ||
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) | 502 | ||
| Answers to Review Exercises | 507 | ||
| Chapter 1 | 507 | ||
| Review Exercise A: General, Systemic, and Skeletal Anatomy and Arthrology | 507 | ||
| Review Exercise B: Positioning Terminology | 507 | ||
| Review Exercise C: Positioning Principles | 508 | ||
| Review Exercise D: Image Quality in Analog (Film-Screen) Imaging | 508 | ||
| Review Exercise E: Image Quality in Digital Radiography | 508 | ||
| Review Exercise F: Applications of Digital Technology | 509 | ||
| Review Exercise G: Radiation Protection | 509 | ||
| Chapter 2 | 510 | ||
| Review Exercise A: Radiographic Anatomy of the Chest | 510 | ||
| Review Exercise B: Technical Considerations | 510 | ||
| Review Exercise C: Positioning of the Chest | 511 | ||
| Review Exercise D: Problem Solving for Technical and Positioning Errors | 511 | ||
| Chapter 3 | 511 | ||
| Review Exercise A: Abdominopelvic Anatomy | 511 | ||
| Review Exercise B: Shielding, Pathology, Exposure Factors, and Positioning | 512 | ||
| Review Exercise C: Problem Solving for Technical and Positioning Errors | 512 | ||
| Chapter 4 | 513 | ||
| Review Exercise A: Anatomy of Hand and Wrist | 513 | ||
| Review Exercise B: Anatomy of the Forearm, Elbow, and Distal Humerus | 513 | ||
| Review Exercise C: Positioning of the Fingers, Thumb, Hand, and Wrist | 514 | ||
| Review Exercise D: Clinical Indications of the Fingers, Thumb, Hand, and Wrist | 514 | ||
| Review Exercise E: Positioning of the Forearm, Elbow, and Humerus | 514 | ||
| Review Exercise F: Problem Solving for Technical and Positioning Errors | 515 | ||
| Review Exercise G: Critique Radiographs of the Upper Limb | 515 | ||
| Chapter 5 | 516 | ||
| Review Exercise A: Radiographic Anatomy of the Humerus and Shoulder Girdle | 516 | ||
| Review Exercise B: Positioning of the Humerus and Shoulder Girdle | 516 | ||
| Review Exercise C: Problem Solving for Technical and Positioning Errors | 517 | ||
| Review Exercise D: Critique Radiographs of the Humerus and Shoulder Girdle | 517 | ||
| Chapter 6 | 518 | ||
| Review Exercise A: Radiographic Anatomy of the Foot and Ankle | 518 | ||
| Review Exercise B: Radiographic Anatomy of the Lower Leg, Knee, and Distal Femur | 518 | ||
| Review Exercise C: Positioning of the Foot and Ankle | 519 | ||
| Review Exercise D: Positioning of the Tibia, Fibula, Knee, and Distal Femur | 519 | ||
| Review Exercise E: Problem Solving for Technical and Positioning Errors | 519 | ||
| Review Exercise F: Critique Radiographs of the Lower Limbs | 520 | ||
| Chapter 7 | 521 | ||
| Review Exercise A: Anatomy of Femur, Hips, and Pelvic Girdle | 521 | ||
| Review Exercise B: Positioning of Femur, Hips, Pelvis, and Sacroiliac Joints | 521 | ||
| Review Exercise C: Problem Solving for Technical and Positioning Errors | 522 | ||
| Review Exercise D: Critique Radiographs of the Femur and Pelvis | 522 | ||
| Chapter 8 | 523 | ||
| Review Exercise A: Radiographic Anatomy of the Cervical and Thoracic Spine | 523 | ||
| Review Exercise B: Positioning of the Cervical and Thoracic Spine | 523 | ||
| Review Exercise C: Problem Solving for Technical and Positioning Errors | 524 | ||
| Review Exercise D: Critique Radiographs of the Cervical and Thoracic Spine | 525 | ||
| Chapter 9 | 525 | ||
| Review Exercise A: Radiographic Anatomy of the Lumbar Spine, Sacrum, and Coccyx | 525 | ||
| Review Exercise B: Topographic Landmarks and Positioning of the Lumbar Spine, Sacrum, and Coccyx | 526 | ||
| Review Exercise C: Problem Solving for Technical and Positioning Errors | 526 | ||
| Review Exercise D: Critique Radiographs of the Lumbar Spine, Sacrum, and Coccyx | 527 | ||
| Chapter 10 | 528 | ||
| Review Exercise A: Radiographic Anatomy of the Bony Thorax, Sternum, and Ribs | 528 | ||
| Review Exercise B: Positioning of the Ribs and Sternum | 528 | ||
| Review Exercise C: Problem Solving for Technical and Positioning Errors | 529 | ||
| Review Exercise D: Critique Radiographs of the Bony Thorax | 529 | ||
| Chapter 11 | 530 | ||
| Review Exercise A: Radiographic Anatomy of the Cranium | 530 | ||
| Review Exercise B: Specific Anatomy and Pathology of the Temporal Bone | 530 | ||
| Review Exercise C: Radiographic Anatomy of the Facial Bones | 530 | ||
| Review Exercise D: Radiographic Anatomy of the Paranasal Sinuses | 531 | ||
| Review Exercise A: Skull Morphology, Topography, Pathology, and Positioning of the Cranium | 531 | ||
| Review Exercise B: Problem Solving for Technical and Positioning Errors of the Cranium | 532 | ||
| Review Exercise A: Positioning of the Facial Bones | 532 | ||
| Review Exercise B: Positioning of the Mandible and Temporomandibular Joints (TMJ) | 532 | ||
| Review Exercise C: Positioning of the Paranasal Sinuses | 533 | ||
| Review Exercise D: Problem Solving for Technical and Positioning Errors for Facial Bones, Mandible, and Paranasal Sinuses | 533 | ||
| Review Exercise A: Critique Radiographs of the Cranium | 533 | ||
| Review Exercise B: Critique Radiographs of the Facial Bones | 534 | ||
| Review Exercise C: Critique Radiographs of the Paranasal Sinuses | 535 | ||
| Chapter 12 | 535 | ||
| Review Exercise A: Radiographic Anatomy and Clinical Indications of the Pathology of the Gallbladder and Biliary System | 535 | ||
| Review Exercise B: Specific Anatomy of the Upper Gastrointestinal System | 536 | ||
| Review Exercise C: Mechanical and Chemical Digestion and Body Habitus | 536 | ||
| Review Exercise D: Contrast Media, Fluoroscopy, and Clinical Indications and Contraindications for Upper Gastrointestinal Studies | 537 | ||
| Review Exercise E: Patient Preparation and Positioning for Esophagram and Upper Gastrointestinal Study | 537 | ||
| Review Exercise F: Problem Solving for Technical and Positioning Errors | 538 | ||
| Chapter 13 | 538 | ||
| Review Exercise A: Radiographic Anatomy of the Lower Gastrointestinal System | 538 | ||
| Review Exercise B: Clinical Indications and Radiographic Procedures for the Small Bowel Series and Barium Enema | 539 | ||
| Review Exercise C: Positioning of the Lower Gastrointestinal System | 539 | ||
| Review Exercise D: Problem Solving for Technical and Positioning Errors | 540 | ||
| Chapter 14 | 540 | ||
| Review Exercise A: Radiographic Anatomy of the Urinary System | 540 | ||
| Review Exercise B: Venipuncture | 540 | ||
| Review Exercise C: Contrast Media and Urography | 541 | ||
| Review Exercise D: Radiographic Procedures, Pathologic Terms, and Clinical Indications | 541 | ||
| Review Exercise E: Radiographic Positioning of the Urinary System | 541 | ||
| Review Exercise F: Problem Solving for Technical and Positioning Errors | 542 | ||
| Chapter 15 | 542 | ||
| Review Exercise A: Mobile X-Ray Equipment and Radiation Protection | 542 | ||
| Review Exercise B: Trauma Positioning Principles and Fracture Terminology | 542 | ||
| Review Exercise C: Trauma and Mobile Positioning and Procedures | 543 | ||
| Review Exercise D: Surgical Radiography | 543 | ||
| Chapter 16 | 544 | ||
| Review Exercise A: Immobilization, Ossification, Radiation Protection, Pre-Exam Preparation, and Clinical Indications | 544 | ||
| Review Exercise B: Pediatric Positioning of the Chest, Skeletal System, and Skull | 545 | ||
| Review Exercise C: Positioning of the Pediatric Abdomen and Contrast Media Procedures | 545 | ||
| Review Exercise D: Problem Solving and Analysis | 545 | ||
| Chapter 17 | 545 | ||
| Review Exercise A: Anatomy of Vascular System, Pulmonary and Systemic Circulation, and Cerebral Arteries and Veins | 545 | ||
| Review Exercise B: Anatomy of Thoracic and Abdominal Arteries and Veins, Portal System, and Upper and Lower Arteries and Veins | 546 | ||
| Review Exercise C: Angiographic Procedures, Equipment, and Supplies | 546 | ||
| Review Exercise D: Angiography and Interventional Procedures | 547 | ||
| Chapter 18 | 547 | ||
| Review Exercise A: Brain and Spinal Cord Anatomy | 547 | ||
| Review Exercise B: Basic Principles of Computed Tomography | 548 | ||
| Review Exercise C: Clinical Applications of Computed Tomography and Imaging of the Brain | 548 | ||
| Review Exercise D: Additional and Specialized Computed Tomography Procedures and Computed Tomography Terminology | 549 | ||
| Chapter 19 | 549 | ||
| Review Exercise A: Arthrography | 549 | ||
| Review Exercise B: Biliary Procedures | 549 | ||
| Review Exercise C: Hysterosalpingography | 549 | ||
| Review Exercise D: Myelography | 549 | ||
| Review Exercise E: Orthoroentgenography | 550 | ||
| Review Exercise F: Conventional Tomography | 550 | ||
| Chapter 20 | 550 | ||
| Review Exercise A: Nuclear Medicine and PET | 550 | ||
| Review Exercise B: Radiation Oncology (Therapy) | 551 | ||
| Review Exercise C: Ultrasound Imaging (Sonography) | 551 | ||
| Mammography | 551 | ||
| Review Exercise A: Breast Cancer, Anatomy of the Breast, and Mammography Quality Standards Act | 551 | ||
| Review Exercise B: Patient Preparation, Technical Considerations, Alternative Modalities, and Radiographic Positioning | 552 | ||
| Review Exercise C: Critique Radiographs of the Breast | 552 | ||
| Review Exercise: Bone Densitometry | 553 | ||
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) | 553 | ||
| Review Exercise A: Physical Principles of MRI | 553 | ||
| Review Exercise B: Clinical Applications, Safety Considerations, and Appearance of Anatomy | 554 | ||
| Review Exercise C: MRI Examinations | 554 |