Menu Expand
Co-occurring Medical Illnesses in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry: Updates and Treatment Considerations, An Issue of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, E-Book

Co-occurring Medical Illnesses in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry: Updates and Treatment Considerations, An Issue of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, E-Book

Matthew D. Willis

(2017)

Additional Information

Book Details

Abstract

This issue of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics, edited by Dr. Matthew Willis, will cover management of Pediatric Medical Illnesses with a focus on clinical updates and treatment considerations for the child and adolescent psychiatrist Topics covered in the issue include, but are not limited to: Eating Disorders; Obesity and Insulin Resistance; Transitioning from Pediatric to Adult Care in Young Adults with Medical Issues; Concussive syndrome: Acute Management and Chronic Post-Concussive Issues; Functional Abdominal Pain; Nonepileptic Seizures in Pediatric Patients: Diagnosis and Comorbidites; Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking (DMST); and Grief as an etiological factor in pediatric emotional and physical clinical presentations.

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Front Cover Cover
Co-occurring Medical Illnesses in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry:Updates and Treatment Considerations\r i
Copyright\r ii
Contributors iii
CONSULTING EDITOR iii
EDITOR iii
AUTHORS iii
Contents vii
Preface: Co-occurring Medical Illnesses in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry: Updates and Treatment Considerations vii
Medical Considerations in Children and Adolescents with Eating Disorders vii
Functional Abdominal Pain and Related Syndromes vii
Unraveling Diagnostic Uncertainty Surrounding Lyme Disease in Children with Neuropsychiatric Illness vii
Evaluation and Management of Autoimmune Encephalitis: A Clinical Overview for the Practicing Child Psychiatrist viii
Pediatric Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures: A Concise Review viii
A Review of the Prevention and Medical Management of Childhood Obesity viii
Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking viii
Sports-Related Concussion: Acute Management and Chronic Postconcussive Issues ix
Everywhere and Nowhere: Grief in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Pediatric Clinical Populations ix
The Medical Transition from Pediatric to Adult-Oriented Care: Considerations for Child and Adolescent Psychiatrists ix
Co-occurring Medical Illnesses in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry: Updates and Treatment Considerations xi
Medical Considerations in Children and Adolescents with Eating Disorders 1
Key points 1
INTRODUCTION 2
DIAGNOSIS 2
Screening 2
Evaluation (History, Review of Systems, Examination, Laboratory Studies) 3
Complications 4
Treatment 5
CASE 8
CLINICAL PEARLS 9
Pearl 9
Pearl 10
Functional Abdominal Pain and Related Syndromes 15
Key points 15
BACKGROUND 15
FUNCTIONAL GASTROINTESTINAL DISEASES 16
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY UNDERLYING FUNCTIONAL GASTROINTESTINAL DISEASES 17
DIAGNOSIS 20
TREATMENT 22
SUMMARY 23
REFERENCES 24
Unraveling Diagnostic Uncertainty Surrounding Lyme Disease in Children with Neuropsychiatric Illness 27
Key points 27
INTRODUCTION 27
ROLE OF THE PSYCHIATRIC PROVIDER 28
PRESENTATIONS OF LYME DISEASE 28
NEUROPSYCHIATRIC AND CLINICAL OUTCOMES IN CHILDREN WITH LYME DISEASE 29
DIAGNOSTIC TESTING FOR LYME DISEASE 30
Nonvalidated Testing 32
TREATMENT OF LYME DISEASE 33
Unconventional Treatment 33
ASSIMILATING DATA AND APPROACH TO CLINICAL SCENARIOS 33
Clinical Scenario One 33
Presentation 33
Evaluation and Management of Autoimmune Encephalitis 37
Key points 37
INTRODUCTION 38
DEFINITION OF AUTOIMMUNE ENCEPHALITIS 38
Diagnosis 38
Suspected Autoimmune Encephalitis 39
Probable Autoimmune Encephalitis 39
Initial Workup of Autoimmune Encephalitis 40
Known Antibodies Associated with Autoimmune Encephalitis 40
-ASPARTATE RECEPTOR ENCEPHALITIS 41
Epidemiology 41
Etiology 41
Clinical Manifestations 41
Diagnosis 41
LIMBIC ENCEPHALITIS 42
Voltage-Gaited Potassium Channel Encephalitis 42
Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Encephalitis 42
Clinical manifestations 42
Pediatric Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures 53
Key points 53
INTRODUCTION 53
Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures Risk Factors 54
Assessment and Diagnosis 55
Comorbidities 56
Treatment 57
SUMMARY 59
REFERENCES 59
A Review of the Prevention and Medical Management of Childhood Obesity 63
Key points 63
INTRODUCTION 63
DIAGNOSIS AND DEFINITIONS OF PEDIATRIC OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY 64
PREVALENCE AND INCIDENCE OF PEDIATRIC OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY IN THE UNITED STATES 65
PREVENTION OF OBESITY IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS 65
ASSESSMENT FOR COMORBIDITIES 67
STAGES OF TREATMENT OF OBESITY IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS 70
Stage 1: Prevention Plus 71
Stage 2: Structured Weight Management 71
Stage 3: Comprehensive Multidisciplinary Intervention 71
Stage 4: Tertiary Care Intervention 72
DISCUSSION 74
REFERENCES 74
Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking 77
Key points 77
DEFINITIONS 77
Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children 77
Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking 78
Epidemiology 78
RISK 78
Normative Adolescent Psychosocial Development 78
Risk Factors 79
Individual-Level Factors 79
Relationship-Level Factors 80
Community-Level Factors 81
Societal-Level Factors 81
RECRUITMENT 82
Peer Networks 82
Social Media 82
Grooming 82
ENMESHMENT 83
Intimate Partner Violence 83
Trauma Bonding 83
Retrafficking 83
CONSEQUENCES OF INVOLVEMENT 84
BARRIERS TO CARE 84
IDENTIFICATION 85
Signs of Involvement in Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking 85
Screening Questions 86
INTERVENTIONS 87
Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy 87
Education 87
Establishing a Medical Home 88
Multidisciplinary Approach 88
Community and National Programs 89
FUTURE DIRECTIONS 89
REFERENCES 89
Sports-Related Concussion 93
Key points 93
INTRODUCTION 93
DEFINITION 94
EPIDEMIOLOGY 94
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY: NEUROMETABOLIC CASCADE 94
DIAGNOSIS 94
RECOVERY 95
ADVANCED IMAGING 96
NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTING 97
MANAGEMENT 98
Acute Symptoms 98
Persistent Symptoms 99
PHARMACOTHERAPY 101
Supplements 101
General Approach: Symptom Clusters 102
HEADACHES OR SOMATIC SYMPTOMS 102
Analgesics 102
Amitriptyline 102
COGNITIVE SYMPTOMS 102
Amantadine 102
Methylphenidate 103
EMOTIONAL SYMPTOMS 103
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors 103
SLEEP DISTURBANCE 104
Sleep Hygiene 104
Melatonin 104
PHARMACOTHERAPY: BOTTOM LINE 104
RETIREMENT FROM SPORTS 104
PREVENTION STRATEGIES 104
THE FUTURE 104
SUMMARY POINTS 105
REFERENCES 105
Everywhere and Nowhere 109
Key points 109
THEORIES AND MODELS OF GRIEF: STAGES VERSUS TASKS 111
DEFINITION OF TERMS 112
Bereavement 112
Mourning 112
Grief 112
Acute Grief 112
Integrated Grief 112
Uncomplicated Grief 112
GRIEF AND DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES 114
COMPLICATED GRIEF 115
ANTICIPATORY GRIEF/MOURNING 115
DISENFRANCHISED GRIEF 118
CHILDHOOD TRAUMATIC GRIEF 118
GRIEF IN SOMATIC SYMPTOM AND CONVERSION DISORDERS 119
TREATMENT INTERVENTIONS FOR GRIEF IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS 119
SUMMARY 121
REFERENCES 123
The Medical Transition from Pediatric to Adult-Oriented Care 125
Key points 125
BACKGROUND 125
BARRIERS 126
GUIDELINES AND RESOURCES 127
SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR CHILD PSYCHIATRISTS 128
Pro Tip 1: Do Not Assume Patients Are Following Up with Other Providers 129
Pro Tip 2: Try to Coordinate Transition Efforts with Patients’ Other Providers 129
Pro Tip 3: Aim to Have Transfer Occur During a Time of Stability 130
SUMMARY 130
REFERENCES 130