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Book Details
Abstract
This issue of Heart Failure Clinics, edited by Dr. Toru Suzuki, will cover Biomarkers for Heart Failure, including but not limited to Proenkephalin, B-type and mid-regional pro atrial natriuretic peptides , N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide, Soluble T2, Adrenomedullin, Copeptin, Non-Coding RNAs, Troponin, Growth differentiation factor (GDF-15) , Galectin-3, Proteomic biomarkers, and Metabolic biomarkers .
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | Cover | ||
| Biomarkers for Heart Failure\r | i | ||
| Copyright\r | ii | ||
| Contributors | iii | ||
| CONSULTING EDITOR | iii | ||
| EDITOR | iii | ||
| AUTHORS | iii | ||
| Contents | v | ||
| Preface: Biomarkers of Heart Failure: Past, Present, and Future | v | ||
| Proenkephalin in Heart Failure | v | ||
| Natriuretic Peptides in Heart Failure: Atrial and B-type Natriuretic Peptides | v | ||
| N-Terminal B-type Natriuretic Peptide in Heart Failure | v | ||
| Soluble ST2 in Heart Failure | v | ||
| Adrenomedullin as a Biomarker of Heart Failure | vi | ||
| Troponin in Heart Failure | vi | ||
| Growth Hormone as Biomarker in Heart Failure | vi | ||
| Galectin-3 in Heart Failure: An Update of the Last 3 Years | vi | ||
| Proteomic Biomarkers of Heart Failure | vii | ||
| Metabolic Biomarkers in Heart Failure | vii | ||
| HEART FAILURE CLINICS\r | viii | ||
| FORTHCOMING ISSUES | viii | ||
| April 2018 | viii | ||
| July 2018 | viii | ||
| October 2018 | viii | ||
| RECENT ISSUES | viii | ||
| October 2017 | viii | ||
| July 2017 | viii | ||
| April 2017 | viii | ||
| Preface:\rBiomarkers of Heart Failure: Past, Present, and Future | ix | ||
| REFERENCES | x | ||
| Proenkephalin in Heart Failure | 1 | ||
| Key points | 1 | ||
| BACKGROUND | 1 | ||
| ENKEPHALINS IN THE HEART | 2 | ||
| CARDIOPROTECTION | 2 | ||
| REGULATION OF CELLULAR LIFE CYCLE | 3 | ||
| ENKEPHALINS IN HEART FAILURE | 3 | ||
| MEASURING PROENKEPHALIN | 4 | ||
| PROENKEPHALIN IS A PROGNOSTIC MARKER IN SEVERAL DISEASES | 4 | ||
| PROENKEPHALIN IN HEART FAILURE | 5 | ||
| PROENKEPHALIN IS A MARKER FOR RISK STRATIFICATION IN STABLE MINIMALLY SYMPTOMATIC OR ASYMPTOMATIC AMBULATORY COMMUNITY-DWEL ... | 5 | ||
| PROENKEPHALIN IS A MARKER OF PROGNOSIS IN PATIENTS WITH HEART FAILURE | 5 | ||
| DISCUSSION | 8 | ||
| SUMMARY | 8 | ||
| REFERENCES | 9 | ||
| Natriuretic Peptides in Heart Failure | 13 | ||
| Key points | 13 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 13 | ||
| Physiologic Production of the Natriuretic Peptides | 13 | ||
| Clinical Assessment of the Natriuretic Peptides | 14 | ||
| Diagnostic Utility of B-type Natriuretic Peptide and N-terminal pro–B-type Natriuretic Peptide in Acute Heart Failure | 16 | ||
| Diagnostic Utility Midregion Pro–Atrial Natriuretic Peptide in Acute Heart Failure | 17 | ||
| Prognostic Utility of B-type Natriuretic Peptide in Heart Failure | 18 | ||
| Prognostic Utility of Midregion Pro–Atrial Natriuretic Peptide in Heart Failure | 18 | ||
| Using Serum Natriuretic Peptides to Guide Heart Failure Treatment | 19 | ||
| Limitations of Natriuretic Peptide Measurement | 20 | ||
| Measurement of B-type Natriuretic Peptide in Patients Taking Neprilysin Inhibitors | 21 | ||
| SUMMARY | 21 | ||
| REFERENCES | 22 | ||
| N-Terminal B-type Natriuretic Peptide in Heart Failure | 27 | ||
| Key points | 27 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 27 | ||
| Amino-Terminal Pro–B-Type Natriuretic Peptide and Measures of Cardiac Structure and Function | 28 | ||
| Amino-Terminal Pro–B-Type Natriuretic Peptide in the Diagnosis of Acute Heart Failure | 29 | ||
| Amino-Terminal Pro–B-Type Natriuretic Peptide for the Diagnosis of Early Heart Failure in the Community | 30 | ||
| Modifiers of the Diagnostic Performance of Amino-Terminal Pro–B-Type Natriuretic Peptide | 30 | ||
| Amino-Terminal Pro–B-Type Natriuretic Peptide and Prognosis in Heart Failure | 33 | ||
| Amino-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide and early mortality in acute decompensated heart failure | 33 | ||
| Amino-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide and prognosis in chronic heart failure | 34 | ||
| Markers to Replace or to Complement Amino-Terminal Pro–B-Type Natriuretic Peptide | 35 | ||
| Marker-Guided Therapy in Chronic Heart Failure | 36 | ||
| Biomarkers and Heart Failure Risk Scores | 36 | ||
| SUMMARY | 37 | ||
| REFERENCES | 37 | ||
| Soluble ST2 in Heart Failure | 41 | ||
| Key points | 41 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 41 | ||
| THE BIOLOGY OF SUPPRESSION OF TUMORIGENICITY 2 | 42 | ||
| SUPPRESSION OF TUMORIGENICITY 2 ANALYTICAL CONSIDERATIONS | 42 | ||
| SUPPRESSION OF TUMORIGENICITY 2 AND ACUTE HEART FAILURE | 43 | ||
| Diagnostic Capabilities | 43 | ||
| Suppression of Tumorigenicity 2 and Cardiac Function and Structure | 43 | ||
| Suppression of Tumorigenicity 2 and Prognosis in Acute Heart Failure | 43 | ||
| Serial Measurement of Suppression of Tumorigenicity 2 in Acute Heart Failure | 44 | ||
| Combination with Other Biomarkers | 45 | ||
| CHRONIC HEART FAILURE | 45 | ||
| Suppression of Tumorigenicity 2 and Prognosis in Chronic Heart Failure | 45 | ||
| Response to Therapy | 46 | ||
| SUMMARY | 47 | ||
| REFERENCES | 47 | ||
| Adrenomedullin as a Biomarker of Heart Failure | 49 | ||
| Key points | 49 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 49 | ||
| Adrenomedullin Assays and Absolute Plasma Adrenomedullin Levels in Healthy Subjects | 49 | ||
| Two Molecular Forms of Adrenomedullin: Adrenomedullin-Mature and Adrenomedullin-glycine | 50 | ||
| Origin of Plasma Adrenomedullin and Its Metabolic Clearance | 51 | ||
| Plasma Adrenomedullin Levels in Heart Failure | 51 | ||
| Plasma Mid-Regional Pro-Adrenomedullin Levels as a Prognostic Indicator of Heart Failure | 52 | ||
| Pathophysiological Significance of Plasma Adrenomedullin in Heart Failure | 53 | ||
| SUMMARY | 53 | ||
| ACKNOWLEDGMENTS | 53 | ||
| REFERENCES | 53 | ||
| Troponin in Heart Failure | 57 | ||
| Key points | 57 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 57 | ||
| HEART FAILURE | 57 | ||
| TROPONIN | 58 | ||
| MECHANISMS OF CARDIAC TROPONIN ELEVATION IN HEART FAILURE | 58 | ||
| TROPONIN TO PREDICT INCIDENT HEART FAILURE | 58 | ||
| TROPONIN AS A PREDICTOR OF NEW HEART FAILURE AFTER MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION | 59 | ||
| TROPONIN AND ACUTE HEART FAILURE | 59 | ||
| TROPONIN AND CHRONIC HEART FAILURE | 60 | ||
| TROPONIN AND HEART FAILURE WITH PRESERVED EJECTION FRACTION | 60 | ||
| TROPONIN AND ADVANCED HEART FAILURE AND TRANSPLANT CARDIOLOGY | 60 | ||
| FUTURE DIRECTIONS | 61 | ||
| SUMMARY | 62 | ||
| REFERENCES | 62 | ||
| Growth Hormone as Biomarker in Heart Failure | 65 | ||
| Key points | 65 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 65 | ||
| GROWTH HORMONE/INSULINLIKE GROWTH FACTOR 1 AXIS PHYSIOLOGY | 66 | ||
| PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF GROWTH HORMONE/INSULINLIKE GROWTH FACTOR 1 IMPAIRMENT IN HEART FAILURE | 66 | ||
| GROWTH HORMONE DEFICIENCY IN HEART FAILURE | 67 | ||
| INSULINLIKE GROWTH FACTOR 1 IN HEART FAILURE | 68 | ||
| TREATING GROWTH HORMONE/INSULINLIKE GROWTH FACTOR 1 ABNORMALITIES IN HEART FAILURE | 70 | ||
| FUTURE PROSPECTIVE AND SUMMARY | 71 | ||
| REFERENCES | 71 | ||
| Galectin-3 in Heart Failure | 75 | ||
| Key points | 75 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 75 | ||
| GALECTIN-3 ASSAYS | 76 | ||
| GALECTIN-3 LEVELS: TRENDS IN HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS | 78 | ||
| NEW-ONSET HEART FAILURE | 78 | ||
| PROGNOSIS AND RISK STRATIFICATION: ACUTE HEART FAILURE | 79 | ||
| PROGNOSIS AND RISK STRATIFICATION: CHRONIC HEART FAILURE | 82 | ||
| GALECTIN-3 AND HEART FAILURE WITH PRESERVED EJECTION FRACTION | 85 | ||
| GALECTIN-3 LEVELS IN SYSTEMIC DISORDERS | 85 | ||
| RELATION BETWEEN SERUM GALECTIN-3 AND MYOCARDIAL GALECTIN-3 EXPRESSION | 86 | ||
| GALECTIN-3 AS A BIOTARGET | 86 | ||
| SUMMARY | 89 | ||
| ACKNOWLEDGMENTS | 89 | ||
| REFERENCES | 89 | ||
| Proteomic Biomarkers of Heart Failure | 93 | ||
| Key points | 93 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 93 | ||
| PROTEOMIC BIOMARKER DISCOVERY | 94 | ||
| MARKERS OF CARDIAC STRESS | 95 | ||
| B-Type Natriuretic Peptide/N-Terminal Pro–B-Type Natriuretic Peptide | 95 | ||
| Molecular Forms of B-Type Natriuretic Peptide | 96 | ||
| Atrial Natriuretic Peptide | 97 | ||
| ST2 | 97 | ||
| Midregional Proadrenomedullin | 97 | ||
| MARKERS OF INFLAMMATION OR INJURY | 97 | ||
| Troponin | 97 | ||
| Heart-Type Fatty Acid–Binding Protein | 98 | ||
| C-Reactive Protein | 98 | ||
| Tumor Necrosis Factor-α | 98 | ||
| Interleukin-6 | 98 | ||
| MARKERS OF NEUROHORMONAL ACTIVATION | 98 | ||
| Copeptin | 98 | ||
| Matrix Metalloproteinases | 99 | ||
| MARKERS OF REMODELING | 99 | ||
| Galectin-3 | 99 | ||
| Growth Differentiation Factor-15 | 99 | ||
| MARKERS OF ASSOCIATED COMORBIDITIES | 99 | ||
| Cystatin C | 99 | ||
| Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin | 99 | ||
| Procalcitonin | 100 | ||
| CONTEMPORARY PROTEOMIC BIOMARKERS | 100 | ||
| SUMMARY | 101 | ||
| REFERENCES | 101 | ||
| Metabolic Biomarkers in Heart Failure | 109 | ||
| Key points | 109 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 109 | ||
| METABOLITES AS BIOMARKERS: A PROLIFIC PROFILE | 110 | ||
| METABOLOMIC DISCOVERY | 112 | ||
| METABOLOMIC BIOMARKERS AND PROFILING | 112 | ||
| Nitric Oxide Production and Arginine Methylation | 112 | ||
| Ketones and Long-Chain Acylcarnitine | 112 | ||
| Human and Microbial Byproducts | 114 | ||
| CLINICAL APPLICATIONS IN HEART FAILURE | 116 | ||
| CHALLENGES AND POTENTIALS | 116 | ||
| REFERENCES | 117 |