BOOK
Advanced PAP Therapies and Non-invasive Ventilation, An Issue of Sleep Medicine Clinics, E-Book
Lee K. Brown | Shahrokh Javaheri
(2017)
Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
This issue of Sleep Medicine Clinics is edited by Drs. Brown and Shahrokh Javaheri and focuses on Advanced PAP Therapies and Non-invasive Ventilation. Article topics include: Current Positive Airway Pressure Device Technology: What’s in the “black box?; Testing the Performance of Positive Airway Pressure Generators: From Bench to Bedside; Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Choosing the Best PAP Device; Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Choosing the Best Interface; Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Achieving Adherence and Dealing with Complications; Treatment of Hyperventilatory Central Sleep Apnea: Idiopathic, CHF, Cerebrovascular Disease, and High Altitude; Disordered Breathing Due to Chronic Opioid Use: Diverse Manifestations and Their Management; Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome: Choosing the Appropriate Treatment for a Heterogeneous Disorder; Positive Airway Pressure Treatment in the Patient with Ventilatory Failure due to Neuromuscular Disease; Non-invasive Ventilation in Acute Ventilatory Failure; Domiciliary Non-invasive Ventilation for Chronic Ventilatory Failure; The Future of Positive Airway Pressure Technology.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | Cover | ||
| Advanced PAP Therapies and Non-invasive Ventilation\r | i | ||
| Copyright\r | ii | ||
| CME Accreditation Page | iii | ||
| PROGRAM OBJECTIVE | iii | ||
| TARGET AUDIENCE | iii | ||
| LEARNING OBJECTIVES | iii | ||
| ACCREDITATION | iii | ||
| DISCLOSURE OF CONFLICTS OF INTEREST | iii | ||
| UNAPPROVED/OFF-LABEL USE DISCLOSURE | iii | ||
| TO ENROLL | iv | ||
| METHOD OF PARTICIPATION | iv | ||
| CME INQUIRIES/SPECIAL NEEDS | iv | ||
| SLEEP MEDICINE CLINICS\r | v | ||
| FORTHCOMING ISSUES | v | ||
| March 2018 | v | ||
| June 2018 | v | ||
| September 2018 | v | ||
| RECENT ISSUES | v | ||
| September 2017 | v | ||
| June 2017 | v | ||
| March 2017 | v | ||
| Contributors | vii | ||
| CONSULTING EDITOR | vii | ||
| EDITORS | vii | ||
| AUTHORS | vii | ||
| Contents | xi | ||
| Preface: The Development of Positive Airway Pressure Technology and Applications: Faster than Space Travel! | xi | ||
| Positive Airway Pressure Device Technology Past and Present: What’s in the “Black Box”? | xi | ||
| Testing the Performance of Positive Airway Pressure Generators: From Bench to Bedside | xi | ||
| Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Choosing the Best Positive Airway Pressure Device | xi | ||
| Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Choosing the Best Interface | xii | ||
| Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Achieving Adherence to Positive Airway Pressure Treatment and Dealing with Complications | xii | ||
| Positive Airway Pressure Therapy for Hyperventilatory Central Sleep Apnea: Idiopathic, Heart Failure, Cerebrovascular Disea ... | xii | ||
| Sleep Disordered Breathing Caused by Chronic Opioid Use: Diverse Manifestations and Their Management | xii | ||
| Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome: Choosing the Appropriate Treatment of a Heterogeneous Disorder | xiii | ||
| Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation in Acute Ventilatory Failure: Rationale and Current Applications | xiii | ||
| Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilatory Support Begins During Sleep | xiii | ||
| Future of Positive Airway Pressure Technology | xiii | ||
| Preface:\rThe Development of Positive Airway Pressure Technology and Applications: Faster than Space Travel! | xv | ||
| Positive Airway Pressure Device Technology Past and Present | 501 | ||
| Key points | 501 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 501 | ||
| BLOWERS AND CONTROL OF INTERFACE PRESSURE | 502 | ||
| TAKING ADVANTAGE OF ADVANCED BLOWER TECHNOLOGY: RAMPING, BILEVEL POSITIVE AIRWAY PRESSURE, AND EXPIRATORY PRESSURE RELIEF | 504 | ||
| Ramping | 504 | ||
| Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure | 504 | ||
| Expiratory Pressure Relief | 506 | ||
| AUTOTITRATING FLOW GENERATORS | 506 | ||
| Autotitrating Continuous Positive Airway Pressure | 506 | ||
| Autotitrating Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure | 509 | ||
| ADAPTIVE SERVO-VENTILATION | 509 | ||
| VOLUME-ASSURED PRESSURE SUPPORT | 511 | ||
| SUMMARY | 512 | ||
| ACKNOWLEDGMENTS | 513 | ||
| REFERENCES | 513 | ||
| Testing the Performance of Positive Airway Pressure Generators | 517 | ||
| Key points | 517 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 517 | ||
| BENCH TESTING OF DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE OF POSITIVE AIRWAY PRESSURE DEVICES | 518 | ||
| Pressure Stability and Effects of Leaks | 518 | ||
| Pressure Compensation for Altitude Change | 519 | ||
| BENCH TESTING OF ALGORITHMS OF AUTO-ADJUSTING POSITIVE AIRWAY PRESSURE DEVICES | 519 | ||
| Principles of Bench Models | 519 | ||
| Bench Evaluations of Positive Airway Pressure Devices | 520 | ||
| Auto-adjusting positive airway pressure | 520 | ||
| Bilevel positive airway pressure and adaptive servo-ventilation | 522 | ||
| WHAT CAN WE LEARN FROM CLINICAL EVALUATIONS? | 522 | ||
| Treatment Efficacy of Auto-adjusting Positive Airway Pressure Devices | 522 | ||
| Reliability of Device-Reported Apnea–Hypopnea Index | 523 | ||
| Compliance with Auto-adjusting Positive Airway Pressure Treatment | 524 | ||
| Pressure Relief Features | 524 | ||
| Adaptive Servo-Ventilation in Patients with Severe Heart Failure | 524 | ||
| Telemonitoring | 524 | ||
| SUMMARY | 525 | ||
| REFERENCES | 525 | ||
| Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea | 529 | ||
| Key points | 529 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 529 | ||
| TYPES OF POSITIVE AIRWAY PRESSURE DEVICES | 530 | ||
| Continuous Positive Airway Pressure | 530 | ||
| Autotitrating Positive Airway Pressure | 530 | ||
| Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure | 531 | ||
| Auto-Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure | 531 | ||
| CHOOSING THE BEST DEVICE BASED ON EXPECTED OUTCOMES | 532 | ||
| Resolution of Sleep-Disordered Breathing Events | 532 | ||
| Improvement in Daytime Sleepiness | 532 | ||
| Improvement in Neurocognitive Function, Mood, and Quality of Life | 532 | ||
| Reductions in Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease | 533 | ||
| POSITIVE AIRWAY PRESSURE USE AND OUTCOMES IN SPECIFIC PATIENT POPULATIONS | 534 | ||
| Positive Airway Pressure Therapy in Patients with Mild Obstructive Sleep Apnea | 534 | ||
| The Role of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Therapy in Patients with Rapid Eye Movement–Predominant Obstructive Sleep Apnea | 534 | ||
| Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Comorbid Diseases: Congestive Heart Failure, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Diabetes Me ... | 534 | ||
| Positive Airway Pressure in Patients Without Daytime Sleepiness | 535 | ||
| POSITIVE AIRWAY PRESSURE OUTCOMES SUMMARY | 535 | ||
| ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS TO ADDRESS WHEN CHOOSING A POSITIVE AIRWAY PRESSURE DEVICE | 535 | ||
| Effect of Positive Airway Pressure Technology on Adherence to Therapy | 536 | ||
| Additional Options That May Improve Positive Airway Pressure Comfort and Adherence: Heated Humidification and Expiratory Pr ... | 536 | ||
| Cost of Therapy Including the Need for an In-Laboratory Attended Polysomnography | 536 | ||
| Availability of Online Data Management Tools and Patient Interfaces | 537 | ||
| Portability and Compatibility with Other Manufacturers Masks and Supplies | 537 | ||
| SUMMARY | 537 | ||
| REFERENCES | 538 | ||
| Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea | 543 | ||
| Key points | 543 | ||
| OVERVIEW | 543 | ||
| MASK TYPE | 544 | ||
| GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS | 546 | ||
| INTERVENTIONS FOR SIDE EFFECTS | 547 | ||
| ADJUNCTS TO MASKS | 548 | ||
| REFERENCES | 548 | ||
| Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea | 551 | ||
| Key points | 551 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 551 | ||
| QUANTIFYING ADHERENCE WITH POSITIVE AIRWAY PRESSURE TREATMENT | 552 | ||
| WHAT FACTORS AFFECT ADHERENCE TO POSITIVE AIRWAY PRESSURE TREATMENT? | 553 | ||
| COMMON BARRIERS TO ADHERENCE TO POSITIVE AIRWAY PRESSURE TREATMENT AND HOW TO OVERCOME THEM | 554 | ||
| ADDITIONAL NONPHARMACOLOGIC INTERVENTIONS TO IMPROVE ADHERENCE TO POSITIVE AIRWAY PRESSURE TREATMENT | 555 | ||
| Education | 555 | ||
| Motivational Enhancement | 556 | ||
| Telehealth and Technology | 556 | ||
| PHARMACOLOGIC INTERVENTIONS TO IMPROVE ADHERENCE TO POSITIVE AIRWAY PRESSURE TREATMENT | 557 | ||
| COMPLICATIONS OF POSITIVE AIRWAY PRESSURE THERAPY AND HOW TO PREVENT OR OVERCOME THEM | 557 | ||
| SUMMARY | 558 | ||
| REFERENCES | 559 | ||
| Positive Airway Pressure Therapy for Hyperventilatory Central Sleep Apnea | 565 | ||
| Key points | 565 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 566 | ||
| IDIOPATHIC CENTRAL SLEEP APNEA | 566 | ||
| HEART FAILURE | 566 | ||
| CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS | 568 | ||
| HIGH ALTITUDE | 570 | ||
| REFERENCES | 570 | ||
| Sleep Disordered Breathing Caused by Chronic Opioid Use | 573 | ||
| Key points | 573 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 573 | ||
| CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS | 574 | ||
| Opioid-induced Sleep Disordered Breathing | 574 | ||
| Central sleep apnea | 574 | ||
| Obstructive sleep apnea | 575 | ||
| Hypoventilation | 575 | ||
| Hypoventilation while awake | 575 | ||
| Hypoventilation during sleep | 575 | ||
| Effects on Sleep Architecture | 578 | ||
| PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF OPIOID-INDUCED SLEEP DISORDERED BREATHING | 578 | ||
| Effect on the pre-Bötzinger Complex and the Hypoglossal Motor Neuron Nucleus | 578 | ||
| Effect on Chemoresponsiveness | 579 | ||
| CLINICAL OUTCOMES | 580 | ||
| THERAPEUTIC STRATEGIES FOR OPIOID-INDUCED SLEEP DISORDERED BREATHING | 580 | ||
| Opioid Detoxification | 581 | ||
| Treatment of Opioid-related Central Sleep Apnea | 581 | ||
| Positive airway pressure therapy | 581 | ||
| Acetazolamide | 581 | ||
| Ampakines | 581 | ||
| Treatment of Opioid-related Obstructive Sleep Apnea | 583 | ||
| Positive airway pressure therapy | 583 | ||
| RESEARCH AGENDA | 583 | ||
| SUMMARY | 583 | ||
| REFERENCES | 583 | ||
| Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome | 587 | ||
| Key points | 587 | ||
| BACKGROUND | 587 | ||
| MODES OF POSITIVE AIRWAY PRESSURE THERAPY | 588 | ||
| POSITIVE AIRWAY PRESSURE THERAPY AND STABLE ACUTE HYPERCAPNIC RESPIRATORY FAILURE | 589 | ||
| POSITIVE AIRWAY PRESSURE THERAPY IN ACUTELY DECOMPENSATED OBESITY HYPOVENTILATION SYNDROME | 592 | ||
| OXYGEN THERAPY | 593 | ||
| IMPACT OF POSITIVE AIRWAY PRESSURE THERAPY ON CARDIOVASCULAR AND MORTALITY OUTCOMES | 594 | ||
| TITRATION OF POSITIVE AIRWAY PRESSURE THERAPY DURING SLEEP | 594 | ||
| SEX DIFFERENCES IN OBESITY HYPOVENTILATION SYNDROME AND RESPONSE TO POSITIVE AIRWAY PRESSURE | 594 | ||
| SUMMARY | 594 | ||
| REFERENCES | 595 | ||
| Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation in Acute Ventilatory Failure | 597 | ||
| Key points | 597 | ||
| RATIONALE | 597 | ||
| 1. KEY PRACTICAL ASPECTS IN ACUTE VENTILATORY FAILURE: INTERFACE, DEVICES, AND PATIENT-VENTILATOR INTERACTION | 598 | ||
| Interface | 598 | ||
| Patient Ventilator Asynchrony | 598 | ||
| 2. CURRENT INDICATIONS | 598 | ||
| Acute on Chronic Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure | 598 | ||
| Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome | 598 | ||
| Neuromuscular Disorders | 599 | ||
| Acute Cardiogenic Pulmonary Edema | 599 | ||
| Noninvasive ventilation–bilevel positive airway pressure | 599 | ||
| Continuous positive airway pressure vs bilevel positive airway pressure | 599 | ||
| Blunt Chest Trauma | 600 | ||
| Immunosuppression (Hematologic and Solid Malignancies) | 600 | ||
| The Use of Noninvasive Ventilation in Weaning from Invasive Mechanical Ventilation | 600 | ||
| Use of Noninvasive Ventilation After Extubation | 600 | ||
| Prevention of after-extubation respiratory failure | 600 | ||
| Treatment of after-extubation respiratory failure | 601 | ||
| The Use of Noninvasive Ventilation in Postoperative Patients | 601 | ||
| Prophylactic postoperative noninvasive ventilation | 601 | ||
| Therapeutic postoperative noninvasive ventilation | 601 | ||
| Unconventional and Emergent Noninvasive Ventilation Applications | 602 | ||
| 3. NONINVASIVE VENTILATION: RESPONSE AND COMPLICATIONS | 602 | ||
| Noninvasive Ventilation Failure | 602 | ||
| Hypercapnic noninvasive ventilation failure | 602 | ||
| Identification of risk factors for noninvasive ventilation failure | 602 | ||
| Hypoxemic noninvasive ventilation failure | 602 | ||
| Persistent muscular fatigue | 602 | ||
| Persistent dyspnea | 602 | ||
| Level of consciousness | 603 | ||
| Interface failure and patient-ventilator asynchrony | 603 | ||
| Complications | 603 | ||
| SUMMARY | 604 | ||
| REFERENCES | 604 | ||
| Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilatory Support Begins During Sleep | 607 | ||
| Key points | 607 | ||
| HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE | 608 | ||
| Polysomnography and Sleep-Disordered Breathing | 608 | ||
| Noninvasive Ventilation Versus Noninvasive Ventilatory Support | 608 | ||
| PARADIGM SHIFTS TO TRACHEOSTOMY MECHANICAL VENTILATION AND NONINVASIVE POSITIVE PRESSURE VENTILATORY SUPPORT | 609 | ||
| MECHANISMS OF ACTION | 610 | ||
| Conventional Approaches | 610 | ||
| Noninvasive Approaches | 610 | ||
| The Two Paradigms | 611 | ||
| Conventional noninvasive ventilation to tracheostomy | 611 | ||
| Noninvasive ventilatory support | 611 | ||
| ANCILLARY TECHNIQUES TO OPTIMIZE LUNG HEALTH AND LONG-TERM NONINVASIVE VENTILATORY SUPPORT | 612 | ||
| Lung Volume Recruitment | 612 | ||
| Manually and Mechanically Assisted Coughing | 612 | ||
| COMPARISON OF NONINVASIVE VENTILATION/INVASIVE VERSUS NONINVASIVE MANAGEMENT PARADIGMS | 613 | ||
| REFERENCES | 613 | ||
| Future of Positive Airway Pressure Technology | 617 | ||
| Key points | 617 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 617 | ||
| TECHNOLOGY IMPROVEMENTS IN THE DELIVERY OF POSITIVE AIRWAY PRESSURE | 618 | ||
| Blower Technology | 618 | ||
| Humidifier Technology | 619 | ||
| Mask Technology | 619 | ||
| Battery Technology | 619 | ||
| Cleaning Technology | 619 | ||
| Feedback Modalities | 619 | ||
| IMPROVEMENTS IN POSITIVE AIRWAY PRESSURE ALGORITHMS | 620 | ||
| Machine Learning | 620 | ||
| Central Sleep Apnea Algorithms | 620 | ||
| Automated and Adjustable Algorithms | 621 | ||
| IMPROVEMENTS IN POSITIVE AIRWAY PRESSURE INFORMATICS | 621 | ||
| Compliance Data Technology | 621 | ||
| Electronic Health Record Integration | 621 | ||
| LIMITATIONS AND CHALLENGES IN IMPROVING POSITIVE AIRWAY PRESSURE TECHNOLOGY | 621 | ||
| ACKNOWLEDGMENTS | 622 | ||
| REFERENCES | 622 |