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Kidney Transplants Explained

Kidney Transplants Explained

Andy Stein | Rob Higgins | Janet Wild

(2008)

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Book Details

Abstract

The facts about kidney transplantation, from the experts.

A successful kidney transplant can transform the life of a person with kidney failure, and people with a well functioning transplant often feel much fitter than they did on dialysis. Not everyone is suitable for transplant, however, and even those who are may not be suitable all the time.

It is essential to be thoroughly prepared for your kidney transplant. This book will help you by answering all your questions about transplants and what they involve. Indispensable to people considering having a transplant or already living with one, this guide will also be valuable to anyone thinking about donating a kidney.

Kidney Transplants Explained includes:

• Coverage of the important topics such as the ‘postcode lottery’, organ allocation and deceased and living donor organs • Practical information about the operation, medication and the first three months after transplant • Post-transplant advice: how to look after yourself and your new kidney • Real life accounts of people who have experienced the issues discussed • All the ‘Key Facts’ summarised at the end of each chapter


Table of Contents:

Part 1 Introduction
Part 2 Suitable for transplant?
Part 3 Matching a kidney to a patient
Part 4 Decreased donor transplants
Part 5 Living donor transplants
Part 6 The donor's operation
Part 7 Living donor transplantation: some considerations
Part 8 The transplant operation
Part 9 Medication
Part 10 The first three months
Part 11 Looking after yourself and your transplant over the years
Part 12 Living with your transplant
Part 13 Relationships, sec and having childrens
Part 14 Transplant failure
Part 15 Research and future developments



Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Contents vii
Foreword xi
Authors’ Acknowledgements xii
Introduction 1
1 - Suitable for transplant? 5
WHO CAN HAVE A TRANSPLANT? 5
FITNESS FOR TRANSPLANTATION 7
TESTING FOR INFECTIONS 9
GETTING INFORMATION EARLY 10
GETTING ONTO THE LIST 11
KEY FACTS 11
2 - Matching a kidney to a patient 12
MATCHING THE BLOOD GROUP 12
MATCHING THE TISSUE TYPE 14
THE PERFORMANCE OF UK TRANSPLANT CENTRES 16
NEW KIDNEYS AND OLD DISEASES 20
KEY FACTS 21
3 - Deceased donor transplants 22
HEARTBEATING DONORS 22
NON-HEARTBEATING DONORS 23
THE TRANSPLANT LIST 24
AVERAGE WAITING TIME FOR A DECEASED DONOR KIDNEY 27
BEING ON THE TRANSPLANT LIST 29
DO YOU HAVE TO BE ON DIALYSIS FIRST? 30
TESTS BEFORE THE OPERATION 31
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION 31
THE CROSS-MATCH 32
BEING READY FOR A TRANSPLANT 32
YOU AND YOUR DONOR 34
CONTACTING THE DONOR FAMILY AFTER TRANSPLANTATION 37
HOW LONG WILL A DECEASED DONOR TRANSPLANT LAST? 37
KEY FACTS 38
4 - Living donor transplants 39
WHO CAN DONATE A KIDNEY? 40
TESTS BEFORE LIVING DONOR TRANSPLANTATION 42
RISKS TO THE DONOR 45
KEY FACTS 46
5 The donor’s operation 47
OPEN NEPHRECTOMY (OPEN SURGERY) 47
LAPAROSCOPIC NEPHRECTOMY (KEYHOLE SURGERY) 47
AFTER THE OPERATION 50
KEY FACTS 53
6 - Living donor transplantation: some considerations 54
REJECTION 54
SOME ADVANTAGES OF LIVING DONOR TRANSPLANTS 54
THE HUMAN TISSUE AUTHORITY (HTA) 58
ANTIBODY INCOMPATIBLE TRANSPLANTS (AIT) 59
‘EXCHANGE’ OR ‘PAIRED DONOR’ TRANSPLANTATION 60
ALTERNATIVES TO ANTIBODY INCOMPATIBLE AND EXCHANGE TRANSPLANTATION 62
GIVING A KIDNEY TO SOMEONE YOU HAVE NEVER MET 62
BUYING AND SELLING ORGANS 64
KEY FACTS 66
7 - The transplant operation 68
THE OPERATION 69
AFTER THE OPERATION 70
HEADING HOME 74
KEY FACTS 75
8 - Medication 76
HOW IMMUNOSUPPRESSANT DRUGS WORK 76
TYPES OF IMMUNOSUPPRESSANT DRUGS AND THEIR SIDE EFFECTS 78
WORKING OUT WHAT IS BEST FOR YOU 82
MAKING SURE YOU KNOW WHAT TO EXPECT 84
CONTINUING YOUR MEDICATION 85
OTHER DRUGS AFTER A TRANSPLANT 86
KEY FACTS 88
9 - The first three months 89
REJECTION 89
THE REJECTION PROCESS 89
ACUTE REJECTION 90
TESTS TO INVESTIGATE REDUCED TRANSPLANT FUNCTION 91
TREATMENT FOR ACUTE REJECTION 93
INFECTIONS 93
PREVENTION OF INFECTION AFTER A TRANSPLANT 98
IF IT ALL GETS TOO MUCH 98
THREE MONTHS OUT, AND OK? 100
KEY FACTS 100
10 - Looking after yourself and your transplant over the years 102
STAY IN TOUCH 103
TAKE CONTROL 104
CHRONIC REJECTION (OR CHRONIC ALLOGRAFT NEPHROPATHY) 105
CIRCULATION PROBLEMS AND HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE 107
CHOLESTEROL 108
DIABETES 110
CANCER 114
PROBLEMS WITH YOUR BONES 117
KEY FACTS 120
11 - Living with your transplant 121
SOCIAL LIFE 121
BACK TO WORK 122
HOLIDAYS 123
EATING AND DRINKING 126
ENJOYING YOUR FREEDOM WHILE KEEPING YOUR KIDNEY HEALTHY 126
KEEPING FIT 127
KEY FACTS 128
12 - Relationships, sex and having children 129
DRUGS TO HELP WITH ERECTIONS 129
CONTRACEPTION 130
PLANNING A PREGNANCY 131
KEY FACTS 134
13 - Transplant failure 135
SUCCESS RATE FOR SECOND TRANSPLANTS 135
CAUSES OF TRANSPLANT FAILURE 135
HOW DOES REJECTION CAUSE TRANSPLANT FAILURE? 136
WAITING FOR A KIDNEY AFTER TRANSPLANT FAILURE 137
COPING WITH A FAILED TRANSPLANT 138
STRESS FOR KIDNEY TRANSPLANT PATIENTS 139
FACTORS AFFECTING THE ABILITY TO COPE 141
KEY FACTS 143
14 - Research and futuredevelopments 144
HISTORY OF TRANSPLANTATION – A TIME OF RAPID CHANGE 144
WHAT IS RESEARCH AND HOW DOES IT APPLY TO ME? 145
POSSIBLE FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS 148
NEW THERAPIES 149
KEY FACTS 150
Glossary 151
Appendix 1 - Kidney disease – what do the numbers mean? 161
Appendix 2 - Useful addresses and websites 162
Index 166