BOOK
Apprenticeship Level 3 Electrotechnical (Installation and Maintainence) Learner Handbook A
(2018)
Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
Apprenticeship Level 3 Electrotechnical (Installation and Maintainence) Learner Handbook A
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | Front Cover | ||
| Contents | iii | ||
| Introduction | iv | ||
| Features of the book | vi | ||
| Acknowledgements | vii | ||
| Chapter 1: Understand health, safety and environmental considerations | 1 | ||
| 1: Understand how relevant legislation applies in the workplace | 2 | ||
| Health and safety legislation | 2 | ||
| Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 (HASAWA) | 2 | ||
| Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999 | 4 | ||
| Electricity at Work Regulations 1989 (EAWR) | 4 | ||
| Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1992 | 7 | ||
| Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 2002 (COSHH) | 10 | ||
| Work at Height Regulations 2005 (amended 2007) | 11 | ||
| Personal Protective Equipment at Work Regulations 1992 | 15 | ||
| Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992 (as amended 2002) | 16 | ||
| Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998 (PUWER) | 17 | ||
| Health and Safety (Display Screen Equipment) Regulations 1992 | 17 | ||
| Construction (Design & Management) Regulations 2015 (CDM) | 18 | ||
| Environmental legislation | 20 | ||
| The Environmental Protection Act 1990 | 20 | ||
| Control of Asbestos Regulations 2012 | 21 | ||
| The Pollution Prevention and Control Act 1999 (PPC) | 21 | ||
| The Control of Pollution Act 1989 | 21 | ||
| The Environment Act 1995 | 22 | ||
| The Hazardous Waste Regulations 2005 and The List of Waste Regulations 2005 | 22 | ||
| The Control of Noise at Work Regulations 2005 | 23 | ||
| The Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) Regulations 2013 | 25 | ||
| 2: Procedures for dealing withEnvironmental and Health and Safety situations in the work environment | 27 | ||
| Responsible bodies and persons | 28 | ||
| Appropriate responsible persons to report health and safety issues | 30 | ||
| What to do if there’s an accident or emergency | 33 | ||
| Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations 2013 (RIDDOR) | 33 | ||
| Accident and emergency procedures | 39 | ||
| Summoning the emergency services | 40 | ||
| The application of fi rst aid and Basic Life Support (BLS) | 40 | ||
| First-aid kits | 40 | ||
| First-aid facilities | 41 | ||
| Providing first aid at work | 42 | ||
| Fire safety | 48 | ||
| What is fire? | 48 | ||
| How fire happens | 48 | ||
| Fire prevention | 50 | ||
| Firefighting | 50 | ||
| Extinguishers | 50 | ||
| Work activities and their eff ect on the environment | 53 | ||
| Climate change | 53 | ||
| Understand how work methods and procedures can reduce material waste and impact on the environment | 54 | ||
| The importance of reporting hazards to the environment | 54 | ||
| Reducing material waste and using environmentally friendly materials, products and procedures | 54 | ||
| The Building Regulations | 58 | ||
| Dealing with waste | 59 | ||
| 3: Procedures for establishing a safe working environment | 62 | ||
| How do you prevent accidents? | 62 | ||
| Hazard or risk? | 62 | ||
| Producing risk assessments | 62 | ||
| How to assess risks in the workplace | 63 | ||
| Risk assessments for young people | 66 | ||
| Procedures for working in accordance with risk assessments, method statements and safe systems of working | 67 | ||
| Permit to Work | 68 | ||
| Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) | 70 | ||
| When should I wear PPE? | 75 | ||
| Safe practices and procedures | 76 | ||
| Identifying and dealing with hazards in the work environment | 78 | ||
| Electricity (including temporary supplies and trailing leads and cables) | 78 | ||
| Slippery or uneven surfaces | 87 | ||
| Presence of dust and fumes | 89 | ||
| Prevention | 90 | ||
| Control | 90 | ||
| Handling, transport and storage of tools, equipment and materials | 91 | ||
| Untidy working and storage | 92 | ||
| Lifting and moving | 93 | ||
| Pushing and pulling | 98 | ||
| General risk assessment guidelines | 98 | ||
| Working at height | 100 | ||
| Ladders and stepladders | 100 | ||
| Trestles | 105 | ||
| Podium steps and mobile platforms | 105 | ||
| Mobile scaffold towers | 106 | ||
| Scissor and boom lifts | 108 | ||
| Roof work and fragile surfaces | 108 | ||
| Safety harnesses | 109 | ||
| Safety nets and soft -landing systems | 109 | ||
| Working in excavations | 110 | ||
| 4. Identifying and dealing with hazards in the work environment | 112 | ||
| Dangerous occurrences and hazardous malfunctions of equipment | 112 | ||
| Contaminants and irritants | 112 | ||
| Labelling and packaging | 113 | ||
| Substance identification | 113 | ||
| Assessment | 114 | ||
| Prevention | 115 | ||
| Control | 115 | ||
| Liquid petroleum gas (LPG) | 115 | ||
| Procedures for dealing with presence of asbestos | 116 | ||
| Chapter 2: Understand how to plan and oversee electrical work activities | 121 | ||
| 1: Requirements for liaising with others when organising and overseeing work activities | 122 | ||
| Teamwork | 122 | ||
| The construction industry ‘team’ | 122 | ||
| The electrotechnical industry | 123 | ||
| The electrical contracting industry structure | 123 | ||
| Employer structure | 125 | ||
| Communication | 126 | ||
| What are the benefits of good communication? | 126 | ||
| Letter and report writing | 127 | ||
| Hints and tips for good writing | 128 | ||
| Report writing | 129 | ||
| Organisational procedures for completing documentation | 132 | ||
| Job sheets | 132 | ||
| Variation Orders | 132 | ||
| Day-work sheets | 133 | ||
| Time sheets | 134 | ||
| Purchase orders | 134 | ||
| Delivery notes | 135 | ||
| Site reports, memos and minutes of meetings | 136 | ||
| Access for personnel | 136 | ||
| Communicating with a purpose | 137 | ||
| Motivation | 137 | ||
| Instruction | 138 | ||
| Monitoring | 139 | ||
| Co-operation | 139 | ||
| Team development | 139 | ||
| Determining the competence of operatives | 141 | ||
| Checking competency cards | 141 | ||
| Checking technical qualifications | 142 | ||
| Appropriateness of diff erent customer relations, methods and procedures | 143 | ||
| Who is your customer? | 143 | ||
| Customer relations | 143 | ||
| 2: Requirements for organising and overseeing work programmes | 146 | ||
| Project roles and responsibilities | 146 | ||
| The design stage | 146 | ||
| The tendering stage | 147 | ||
| The construction stage | 149 | ||
| Limits of responsibility for supplying technical and functional information | 152 | ||
| How a work programme is developed | 152 | ||
| Specifications | 154 | ||
| Layout drawings and their interpretation | 154 | ||
| Planning work allocations, operative duties and co-ordination with other services and personnel | 158 | ||
| Consequences of not completing work on time or meeting requirements of the programme of work | 158 | ||
| Producing and illustrating work programmes | 159 | ||
| Charts | 160 | ||
| Critical path analysis | 161 | ||
| Project management and completing a work plan | 164 | ||
| Rescheduling work | 165 | ||
| Industry standards and legislation relevant to the installation of electrotechnical systems and equipment | 166 | ||
| Specialist guidance | 166 | ||
| Employment legislation | 172 | ||
| 3: Requirements for organising the provision and storage of required resources | 177 | ||
| Chapter 3: Electrical scientific principles and technologies | 181 | ||
| 1 and 2: Units of measurement and mathematical principles appropriate to electrical installation, maintenance and design work | 182 | ||
| SI units | 182 | ||
| SI unit prefixes | 184 | ||
| Identify and apply appropriate mathematical concepts | 185 | ||
| Basic rules | 185 | ||
| Powers of 10 | 187 | ||
| Other powers of numbers | 189 | ||
| Fractions | 191 | ||
| Algebra | 196 | ||
| Rules for algebra | 197 | ||
| Indices | 197 | ||
| Transposition | 199 | ||
| Triangles and trigonometry | 201 | ||
| Angles | 201 | ||
| Triangles | 203 | ||
| Trigonometry | 204 | ||
| Statistics | 207 | ||
| Charts | 207 | ||
| 3: Basic mechanics and the relationship between force, work, energy and power | 212 | ||
| The difference between mass and weight | 212 | ||
| Mass | 212 | ||
| Weight | 212 | ||
| Principles of basic mechanics | 212 | ||
| Levers | 212 | ||
| Velocity ratio | 216 | ||
| Main principles and calculating values of force, work, energy, power and efficiency | 217 | ||
| Force | 217 | ||
| Work | 217 | ||
| Energy | 218 | ||
| Power | 219 | ||
| Efficiency | 220 | ||
| 4: The relationship between resistance, resistivity, voltage, current and power | 222 | ||
| Basic principles of electron theory | 222 | ||
| States of matter | 222 | ||
| Molecules and atoms | 223 | ||
| Identifying and differentiating between insulators and conductors | 225 | ||
| Insulators | 225 | ||
| Conductors | 225 | ||
| Applying electron theory to electrical circuits | 226 | ||
| Measuring electricity | 226 | ||
| The electric circuit | 227 | ||
| Electron flow and conventional current flow | 227 | ||
| Potential difference | 228 | ||
| Controlling a circuit | 229 | ||
| Chemical and thermal effects of electrical currents | 230 | ||
| The causes of an electric current | 230 | ||
| The effects of an electric current | 230 | ||
| Resistance and resistivity in relation to electrical circuits | 232 | ||
| Ohm’s Law | 233 | ||
| Resistivity | 233 | ||
| Current, voltage and resistance in parallel and series circuits | 235 | ||
| Series circuits | 235 | ||
| Calculation with a series circuit | 236 | ||
| Parallel circuits | 237 | ||
| Series/parallel circuits | 239 | ||
| Voltage drop | 241 | ||
| Power | 241 | ||
| Kilowatt hour | 244 | ||
| Efficiency | 245 | ||
| Instruments and measurement | 245 | ||
| 5: Fundamental principles which underp in the relationship between magnetism and electricity | 254 | ||
| Magnetic effects of electrical currents | 254 | ||
| The permanent magnet | 254 | ||
| The electromagnet | 256 | ||
| The relay | 258 | ||
| Force between current-carrying conductors | 260 | ||
| Force on a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field | 260 | ||
| The solenoid | 263 | ||
| Electromagnetic induction | 264 | ||
| The DC generator | 266 | ||
| What is alternating current? | 268 | ||
| The AC generator | 269 | ||
| Alternating current or direct current? | 270 | ||
| Reason 1 | 270 | ||
| Reason 2 | 271 | ||
| 6: Types, applications and limitations of electronic components in electrotechnical systems and equipment | 272 | ||
| Resistors | 272 | ||
| Fixed resistors | 272 | ||
| Variable resistors | 274 | ||
| Preferred values | 275 | ||
| Resistance markings | 276 | ||
| Resistor coding | 277 | ||
| Standard colour code | 277 | ||
| Testing resistors | 279 | ||
| Resistors as current limiters | 279 | ||
| Resistors for voltage control | 280 | ||
| Power ratings | 283 | ||
| Light-dependent resistors | 284 | ||
| Thermistors | 284 | ||
| Thermocouples | 285 | ||
| Capacitors | 286 | ||
| Basic principles | 286 | ||
| Capacitor types | 287 | ||
| Capacitor coding | 290 | ||
| Polarity | 293 | ||
| Electrostatics and calculations with capacitors | 293 | ||
| Capacitors in combination | 293 | ||
| Charging and discharging capacitors | 295 | ||
| The charging phase | 295 | ||
| Semiconductor devices | 297 | ||
| Semiconductor basics | 297 | ||
| The p–n junction | 298 | ||
| Zener diode | 298 | ||
| Light emitting diodes (LEDs) | 300 | ||
| Photo cell and light-dependent resistor | 301 | ||
| Photodiode | 301 | ||
| Opto-coupler | 302 | ||
| Infrared source and sensor | 302 | ||
| Fibre optic link | 303 | ||
| Diode testing | 304 | ||
| Rectification | 306 | ||
| Half-wave rectification | 306 | ||
| Full-wave rectification | 306 | ||
| Smoothing | 307 | ||
| Thyristors, diacs and triacs | 309 | ||
| Thyristors | 309 | ||
| The triac | 312 | ||
| The diac | 312 | ||
| Lamp dimmer circuit | 312 | ||
| Transistors | 314 | ||
| Transistor basics | 314 | ||
| Transistor operation | 315 | ||
| Transistor as a switch | 318 | ||
| Testing transistors | 321 | ||
| Field effect transistors (FETs) | 322 | ||
| Component positional reference | 323 | ||
| Inverters | 323 | ||
| Integrated circuits | 324 | ||
| Operating principles of components and devices | 325 | ||
| Security and fire alarms | 325 | ||
| Telephones | 325 | ||
| Dimmer switches | 326 | ||
| Heating controls | 326 | ||
| Electronic motor control | 326 | ||
| Wireless control systems | 327 | ||
| 7: Electrical supply systems | 328 | ||
| How electricity is generated and transmitted for domestic and industrial/commercial consumption | 328 | ||
| Features and characteristics of transmission and distribution | 329 | ||
| Final distribution to the customer | 329 | ||
| Generating electricity from other sources | 330 | ||
| Solar photovoltaic | 330 | ||
| Wind energy generation | 332 | ||
| Micro (small scale) hydro generation | 333 | ||
| Air and ground source heat pumps | 333 | ||
| Micro combined heat and power (Micro-CHP) unit | 335 | ||
| Grey water recycling | 335 | ||
| Rainwater harvesting | 336 | ||
| Biomass heating | 337 | ||
| Solar water heating | 338 | ||
| Voltage management | 338 | ||
| Cells and batteries | 339 | ||
| Geothermal generation | 340 | ||
| Wave generated electricity | 340 | ||
| Operating principles, applications and limitations of transformers | 341 | ||
| Mutual inductance | 341 | ||
| Transformer types | 342 | ||
| Step-up and step-down transformers | 345 | ||
| Safety isolating transformer | 345 | ||
| 8: How different electrical properties can affect circuits, systems and equipment | 349 | ||
| Characteristics of supplies | 349 | ||
| Alternating current theory | 349 | ||
| Instantaneous value | 349 | ||
| Average value | 349 | ||
| Peak value | 349 | ||
| Peak to peak value | 349 | ||
| Root mean square (r.m.s.) or effective value of a waveform (voltage and current) | 350 | ||
| Frequency and period | 351 | ||
| Power factor | 352 | ||
| Explain the relationship between, and calculate, resistance, inductance, capacitance and impedance | 352 | ||
| Resistance (R) and phasor representation | 352 | ||
| Inductance (L) | 353 | ||
| Capacitance (C) | 355 | ||
| Phasors | 356 | ||
| Impedance | 357 | ||
| Resistance and inductance in series (RL) | 359 | ||
| Resistance and capacitance in series (RC) | 361 | ||
| Resistance, inductance and capacitance in series (RLC) | 363 | ||
| Resistance, inductance and capacitance in parallel | 364 | ||
| Power in an AC circuit | 366 | ||
| The power triangle | 368 | ||
| Characteristics of electrical supplies | 370 | ||
| Three-phase supplies | 370 | ||
| Neutral currents | 373 | ||
| Load balancing | 373 | ||
| Power in three-phase supplies | 375 | ||
| Power factor correction (PFC) | 378 | ||
| 9: The operating principles and applications of DC machines and AC motors | 379 | ||
| Basic types, applications and operating principles of DC machines | 379 | ||
| The commutator | 380 | ||
| Reversing a DC motor | 382 | ||
| Types of DC motor | 382 | ||
| Operating principles, basic types, applications and limitations of AC motors | 384 | ||
| The series-wound (universal) motor | 385 | ||
| Three-phase AC induction motors | 386 | ||
| Motor speed and slip calculation | 397 | ||
| Synchronous motors | 400 | ||
| Motor windings | 400 | ||
| Operating principles, limitations and applications of motor control | 401 | ||
| The Direct-On-Line (DOL) starter | 402 | ||
| Remote stop/start control | 405 | ||
| Hand-operated star–delta starter | 406 | ||
| Automatic star-delta starter | 407 | ||
| Soft starters | 409 | ||
| The auto-transformer starter | 409 | ||
| The rotor-resistance starter | 410 | ||
| Motor speed control | 410 | ||
| Speed control of AC induction motors | 411 | ||
| 10: Understand the operating principles of electrical components | 413 | ||
| 11: The principles and applications ofelectrical lighting systems | 414 | ||
| Operating principles, types, limitations and applications of luminaires | 414 | ||
| The bayonet cap | 414 | ||
| The Edison Screw cap | 415 | ||
| Halogen lamp caps | 415 | ||
| Low pressure mercury (fluorescent) caps | 416 | ||
| Incandescent lamps – GLS and tungsten halogen | 416 | ||
| Discharge lighting | 419 | ||
| Compact (energy saving) fluorescent lamps | 425 | ||
| LED lighting | 426 | ||
| Regulations concerning lighting circuits | 426 | ||
| Basic principles of illumination | 429 | ||
| Measuring light | 429 | ||
| The lumen method | 431 | ||
| The inverse square law | 432 | ||
| Lambert’s cosine law | 433 | ||
| 12: The principles and applications of electrical heating | 435 | ||
| Water heating systems | 435 | ||
| Cistern-type (storage) | 436 | ||
| Non-pressure (storage) | 436 | ||
| Instantaneous | 437 | ||
| Environment and building management control | 441 | ||
| Central heating systems and controls | 441 | ||
| Heating, ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC) | 444 | ||
| Student Book answers | 451 | ||
| Multiple-choice questions | 455 | ||
| Glossary | 457 | ||
| Index | 461 | ||
| Back Cover | Back Cover |