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Achieving sustainable cultivation of bananas Volume 1

Achieving sustainable cultivation of bananas Volume 1

Dr Gert H. J. Kema | Prof. André Drenth | Dr Hugo Volkaert | Mr Dan Koeppel | Dr W. K. Tushemereirwe | Dr J. Kubiriba | Dr William Tinzaara | Dietmar Stoian | Walter Ocimati | Enoch Kikulwe | Gloria Otieno | Dr Guy Blomme | Prof D. W. Turner | D. J. Gibbs | Dr Sharon D. Hamill | Dr Mike Smith | Dr Charles Staver | Dr Victor Galán Saúco | Dr Jetse J. Stoorvogel | Dr Rafael A. Segura | Mr Juan José Aycart | Mr Frits Popma | Dr Louis Bockel | Laure-Sophie Schiettecatte | Dr Orane Debrune | Dr Sietze Vellema | Dr Kees Jansen | Dr Frans Wielemaker

(2018)

Additional Information

Abstract

This volume reviews key recent research on improving banana cultivation. Part 1 reviews current challenges in banana production. Part 2 surveys ways of improving cultivation practice across the value chain, from propagation to harvesting, packaging and ripening. The final part of the book assesses ways of measuring and improving the environmental impact of banana cultivation.
Highlights of the book include: the latest research on banana domestication and genetic diversity; new research on the limitations of current good agricultural practices and how areas such as soil health can be improved; and summaries of best practice in neglected but critical areas such as harvesting and ripening operations.
Drawing on an international range of expertise, the collection will be a standard reference for the banana research community as well as banana producers.

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"This book provides an excellent and complete overview of banana production in the world. Considering the rapid evolution of banana production in the last couple of decades, it provides a timely update of current information. The contributing authors are among the best experts in banana research worldwide, making this book the future reference volume for this important crop." Dr Emile Frison, Former Director General of Bioversity International
Bananas are the world’s most popular fruit and, according to the FAO, the fourth most important crop in the developing world after rice, wheat and maize. This volume discusses ways of improving cultivation techniques to make production more sustainable.
Part 1 reviews current yields, production trends and constraints. Part 2 surveys ways of improving cultivation practice whilst Part 3 discusses harvest and post-harvest operations. The final part of the book assesses ways of measuring and improving the environmental impact of banana cultivation.
Drawing on an international range of expertise, this collection focuses on ways of achieving more sustainable cultivation of banana at each step in the value chain, from propagation to post-harvest operations. This comprehensive collection will be a standard reference for the banana research community as well as banana producers.

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Achieving sustainablecultivation of bananas Volume 1: Cultivation techniques i
Contents v
Series list x
Acknowledgements xv
Introduction xvi
Part 1 Banana production and its challenges 1
Chapter 1 The origin, domestication and dispersal of bananas 3
1 Introduction 3
2 Origins: morphological and molecular evidence 4
3 The role of Musa balbisiana 9
4 Domestication and early cultivation of bananas 10
5 Archaeological evidence for early banana cultivation 11
6 Dispersal of bananas into Oceania 12
7 Dispersal of bananas into Africa 13
8 Dispersal of bananas in South and Southeast Asia 14
9 Conclusion 15
10 Where to look for further information 16
11 References 16
Chapter 2 Understanding the banana industry: monoculture and beyond 21
1 Introduction 21
2 Banana varieties and the Cavendish monoculture 22
3 The development of a banana monoculture 23
4 The dynamics of the banana monoculture 24
5 Post-war developments: business as usual? 25
6 The Cavendish era 27
7 Cavendish in crisis and a new paradigm 28
8 The hunt for new varieties 29
9 Future trends and conclusion 30
10 Where to look for further information 31
Chapter 3 Banana cultivation in Africa 33
1 Introduction 33
2 Cultivar composition and distribution 34
3 Production systems 35
4 Banana production in Uganda 39
5 Nutrient deficiencies 40
6 Moisture stress 41
7 Pests and diseases affecting bananas 41
8 Improving banana varieties for management of pests and diseases 50
9 Marketing as a constraint to banana production in Uganda 54
10 Future trends and conclusion 55
11 Where to look for further information 56
12 References 57
Chapter 4 Challenges and opportunities for smallholders in banana value chains 65
1 Introduction 65
2 Challenges along the value chain 67
3 Enabling an environment for addressing the challenges 79
4 Future trends 81
5 Conclusion 84
6 Where to look for further information 86
7 References 86
Part 2 Improving practices across the banana value chain 91
Chapter 5 A functional approach to bunch formation in banana 93
1 Introduction 93
2 Gross morphology and bunch form 94
3 Phases of development in banana 95
4 The floral phase: overview 97
5 Inflorescence 99
6 Formation of hands and fruit: independent \nbut closely coordinated processes 102
7 Growth of the aerial true stem 108
8 Case study: photosynthate availability and \nbunch formation in banana 110
9 Conclusion 113
10 Where to look for further information 114
11 References 114
Chapter 6 Banana plant propagation methods 117
1 Introduction 117
2 Background to banana evolution 118
3 Banana morphology and vegetative propagation 118
4 Bits and suckers 119
5 Propagation using conventional planting material 122
6 Banana tissue culture 124
7 Liquid culture systems 132
8 Banana off-types and how to reduce them 132
9 Future trends and conclusion 136
10 Where to look for further information 137
11 References 138
Chapter 7 Conserving banana germplasm through field genebanks 143
1 Introduction 143
2 Objectives of the field genebank 144
3 Choosing the site 145
4 Sourcing material 147
5 Planting 149
6 Crop management 150
7 Quality control 151
8 Dissemination of quality planting stock 152
9 Case study 152
10 Future trends and conclusion 155
11 Where to look for further information 156
12 Acknowledgements 157
13 References 157
Chapter 8 Good agricultural practices: an end point or a starting point for more sustainable banana production? 159
1 Introduction 159
2 Why GAP in banana production? 161
3 GAP-related certification schemes in banana production 163
4 Is sustainable banana production being operationalized through GAP certification? 166
5 Improving GAP for more sustainable banana production 172
6 Scientific frontiers in bananas and implications \nfor GAP 182
7 Conclusion: mutual lessons between GAP certification and approaches to sustainable banana production 187
8 Where to look for further information 189
9 References 189
Chapter 9 Challenges in cultivation of bananas in the subtropics 195
1 Introduction 195
2 The influence of climate in banana production 196
3 Main problems for banana cultivation in the subtropics 200
4 Solving cultivation problems 200
5 Other cultivation practices relevant to the subtropics 207
6 Greenhouse banana cultivation 207
7 Banana cultivars for the subtropics 216
8 Plant protection 218
9 Access to market 218
10 Conclusion 219
11 Where to look for further information 219
12 References 220
Chapter 10 Nutrition and soil management in banana cultivation 223
1 Introduction 223
2 Assessing nutrient requirements 224
3 Developing fertilizer use recommendations 229
4 Precision application of nutrients 230
5 Conclusion 231
6 Where to look for further information 231
7 References 232
Chapter 11 Harvesting and packaging of bananas 235
1 Introduction 235
2 Criteria determining when to harvest bunches 237
3 Harvesting techniques 237
4 Bunch movement from the fields 239
5 Packing house operations 241
6 Fruit selection processes 247
7 Packing bananas 249
8 Future trends 252
9 Where to look for further information 253
10 References 253
Chapter 12 Ripening systems for bananas 257
1 Introduction 257
2 Factors affecting banana ripening 258
3 Banana ripening cycles 259
4 The banana supply chain 261
5 Ripening technologies and rooms 266
6 Quality control 273
7 Summary 277
8 Future trends 277
9 About the author 278
Part 3 Assessing and improving sustainability 279
Chapter 13 Life cycle assessment and carbon footprint of banana cultivation 281
1 Introduction 281
2 Assessing the environmental impact of banana production 286
3 An integrated socio-economic carbon footprint banana value chain tool 292
4 Future trends and conclusion 298
5 Where to look for further information 299
6 Abbreviations 299
7 References 299
Chapter 14 Sustainable banana cultivation: from standards to multiple solutions 303
1 Introduction 303
2 Sustainability and the range of standards in \nbanana production 304
3 The limits of sustainability standards 307
4 Sustainability and diversity in banana production \nsystems 308
5 Case study: the variety of banana producers in the Philippines 309
6 Conclusion 311
7 Where to look for further information 311
8 References 311
Chapter 15 Organic banana cultivation and sustainability 317
1 Introduction 317
2 Organic banana production 318
3 Key requirements: location, soil and use of rotation 323
4 Soil fertility and fertilization 325
5 Disease management 331
6 Managing nematode and insect pests 337
7 Weed management 340
8 Discussion 342
9 Where to look for further information 344
10 Disclaimer 345
11 About the author 345
12 References 345
Index 349