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Book Details
Abstract
Using inorganic solid adsorbents/sorbents is a promising approach for carbon dioxide (CO2) capture and is attracting intense attention from both academic and industrial fields.
Pre-combustion Carbon Dioxide Capture Materials presents a range of the different inorganic materials that can be used as pre-combustion CO2 adsorbents/sorbents with specific emphasis on their design, synthesis, characterization, performance, and mechanism. Dedicated chapters cover layered double hydroxide (LDH) derived adsorbents, MgO-based adsorbents, CaO-based sorbents and alkali ceramics based sorbents.
Edited and written by world-renowned scientists in each class of CO2 capture material, this book will provide a comprehensive introduction for advanced undergraduates, postgraduates and researchers wishing to learn about the topic.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cover | Cover | ||
| Pre-combustion Carbon Dioxide Capture Materials | i | ||
| Preface | v | ||
| Contents | vii | ||
| Chapter 1 - Layered Double Hydroxides-derived Intermediate-temperature CO2 Adsorbents | 1 | ||
| 1.1 Introduction | 1 | ||
| 1.2 Influence of the Chemical Composition of LDHs | 3 | ||
| 1.3 Influence of Synthetic Conditions and Methods | 15 | ||
| 1.4 LDH-based Composites | 22 | ||
| 1.5 Influence of Doping with an Alkali Metal | 30 | ||
| 1.6 Influence of Other Co-existing Gases | 44 | ||
| 1.7 Adsorption Mechanism and Kinetics | 48 | ||
| 1.8 Techno-economic Assessment of LDH-derived CO2 Adsorbents in Applications | 53 | ||
| 1.9 Outlook and Future Perspectives | 54 | ||
| 1.10 Conclusions | 54 | ||
| Acknowledgements | 55 | ||
| References | 55 | ||
| Chapter 2 - MgO-based Intermediate-temperature CO2 Adsorbents | 61 | ||
| 2.1 Introduction | 61 | ||
| 2.2 MgO Adsorption Mechanism | 62 | ||
| 2.3 Parameters that Influence MgO Adsorbents' Performance | 68 | ||
| 2.3.1 Intrinsic Factors | 68 | ||
| 2.3.1.1 Adoption of Suitable Precursors | 69 | ||
| 2.3.1.2 Generation with a High Specific Surface Area | 69 | ||
| 2.3.1.3 Control of Multiple Morphologies and Porous Structures | 70 | ||
| 2.3.2 Extrinsic Factors: Influence of Water | 71 | ||
| 2.4 Further Improvements with Additives | 82 | ||
| 2.4.1 Dispersion on Porous Supports | 82 | ||
| 2.4.2 Preparation of MgO-based Mixed Oxides | 85 | ||
| 2.4.3 Modification with Molten Salts | 90 | ||
| 2.4.3.1 Coated with Alkali/Alkali Earth Carbonates | 90 | ||
| 2.4.3.2 Coated with Alkali Nitrates/Nitrites | 98 | ||
| 2.4.3.3 Coated with Both Alkali Nitrates/Nitrites and Carbonates | 109 | ||
| 2.5 Applications | 121 | ||
| 2.6 Conclusions | 136 | ||
| Acknowledgements | 139 | ||
| References | 139 | ||
| Chapter 3 - CaO-based High-temperature CO2 Sorbents | 144 | ||
| 3.1 CaO | 144 | ||
| 3.1.1 Uses of CaO | 145 | ||
| 3.1.2 Natural and Waste Sources of CaO | 149 | ||
| 3.1.3 Synthesis Methods of CaO | 150 | ||
| 3.2 Carbonation | 152 | ||
| 3.2.1 Thermodynamic | 155 | ||
| 3.2.2 Kinetic | 156 | ||
| 3.2.2.1 Determination of Kinetic Parameters | 156 | ||
| 3.2.2.2 Diffusion-controlled Reaction Mechanism | 160 | ||
| 3.2.3 Modelling Approaches | 160 | ||
| 3.2.3.1 Shrinking Core Model | 162 | ||
| 3.2.3.2 Random Pore Model | 164 | ||
| 3.2.3.3 Particle Grain Model | 167 | ||
| 3.2.3.4 Distributed Random Pore Model | 171 | ||
| 3.2.3.5 Comparison Between Modelling Approaches | 178 | ||
| 3.2.3.6 Fixed Bed Model | 179 | ||
| 3.2.3.7 Fluidized Bed Model | 184 | ||
| 3.2.3.8 CDF Simulation | 186 | ||
| 3.2.4 Sintering | 188 | ||
| 3.2.4.1 Deactivation under Cyclic Conditions | 188 | ||
| 3.2.4.2 Calcination and Sintering Models | 192 | ||
| 3.3 Preparation Routes for the Improvement of Sintering Resistance | 199 | ||
| 3.3.1 Pre-treatments | 199 | ||
| 3.3.2 Synthesis Methods | 201 | ||
| 3.3.3 Mixed Oxides | 202 | ||
| 3.3.3.1 Mg-stabilized CaO Sorbents | 202 | ||
| 3.3.3.2 Al-stabilized CaO Sorbents | 204 | ||
| 3.3.3.3 Zr-stabilized CaO Sorbents | 210 | ||
| 3.3.3.4 Ti-stabilized CaO Sorbents | 211 | ||
| 3.3.3.5 Other Stabilized CaO Sorbents | 212 | ||
| 3.4 Improvements of Other Characteristics | 213 | ||
| 3.4.1 Reactivation | 214 | ||
| 3.4.2 Attrition Resistance | 215 | ||
| 3.4.3 Influence of Sulfur Compounds | 216 | ||
| 3.5 Conclusion | 218 | ||
| List of Symbols | 221 | ||
| Abbreviations | 221 | ||
| Symbols | 222 | ||
| Greek Letters | 224 | ||
| Subscripts and Superscripts | 224 | ||
| References | 225 | ||
| Chapter 4 - Alkaline Ceramics-based High-temperature CO2 Sorbents | 238 | ||
| 4.1 Introduction | 238 | ||
| 4.2 Alkaline Ceramics for CO2 Capture | 241 | ||
| 4.2.1 Lithium and Sodium Zirconates | 241 | ||
| 4.2.2 Lithium and Sodium Silicates | 246 | ||
| 4.2.3 Lithium Aluminates | 253 | ||
| 4.2.4 Lithium Cuprate | 257 | ||
| 4.2.5 Lithium Ferrites | 259 | ||
| 4.2.6 Lithium and Sodium Titanates | 263 | ||
| 4.2.7 Lithium and Sodium Cobaltates | 264 | ||
| 4.3 Alkaline Ceramics for CO2 Conversion Reactions | 266 | ||
| 4.3.1 CO Oxidation–Chemisorption | 267 | ||
| 4.3.2 Methane Reforming Processes | 269 | ||
| 4.4 Conclusions | 270 | ||
| Acknowledgements | 271 | ||
| References | 272 | ||
| Chapter 5 - System and Processes of Pre-combustion Carbon Dioxide Capture and Separation | 281 | ||
| 5.1 Introduction | 281 | ||
| 5.1.1 Background | 281 | ||
| 5.1.2 Research Status | 283 | ||
| 5.1.3 Overview of the Chapter | 284 | ||
| 5.2 Development of the Adsorption Kinetic Model | 284 | ||
| 5.2.1 Introduction of CO2 Adsorbents | 284 | ||
| 5.2.2 Adsorption Mechanism of Potassium-promoted MgAlCO3-LDO | 286 | ||
| 5.2.3 Non-equilibrium Kinetic Model | 290 | ||
| 5.2.4 High-pressure Adsorption Kinetic Model | 292 | ||
| 5.2.5 Synthesis and Characterization of New Adsorbents | 297 | ||
| 5.3 Design of Adsorption–Desorption Reactor and Process | 300 | ||
| 5.3.1 High-pressure CO2 Adsorption Test by Fixed Bed | 300 | ||
| 5.3.2 CO2 Adsorption Test by Double Fixed Bed | 300 | ||
| 5.3.3 Modeling of Adsorption Column | 302 | ||
| 5.3.4 Modeling and Optimization of PSA Process | 306 | ||
| 5.3.5 Purification of Trace Amount of CO in H2-rich Gas | 311 | ||
| 5.4 System Integration and Operation of an Elevated-temperature CO2 Capture Pilot Plant | 315 | ||
| 5.4.1 Introduction of the Pilot Plant System | 315 | ||
| 5.4.2 Results Obtained by Varying Duty Operating Conditions | 319 | ||
| 5.4.3 Continuous Operation Results and System Stability Analysis | 322 | ||
| 5.4.4 CO2 Capture Energy Consumption Analysis | 323 | ||
| Nomenclature | 329 | ||
| Acknowledgements | 330 | ||
| References | 330 | ||
| Subject Index | 335 |