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Managing soil health for sustainable agriculture Volume 1

Managing soil health for sustainable agriculture Volume 1

Dr Don Reicosky | Prof. Mark G. Kibblewhite | Prof. Sara G. Baer | Dr Hannah E. Birgé | Dr Promil Mehra | Dr Bhupinder Pal Singh | Dr Anitha Kunhikrishnan | Dr Annette L. Cowie | Dr Nanthi Bolan | Dr Daniel K. Manter | Dr Jorge A. Delgado | Dr Jennifer Moore-Kucera | Dr Maria Bowman | Prof. Rainer Horn | Dr Heiner Fleige | Dr Iris Zimmermann | Prof. Samira Daroub | Dr Claire Friedrichsen | Prof. Penny R. Hirsch | Dr George G. Brown | Dr Elodie da Silva | Dr Marcílio J. Thomazini | Dr Cíntia C. Niva | Dr Thibaud Decaëns | Dr Luís F. N. Cunha | Dr Herlon S. Nadolny | Dr Wilian C. Demetrio | Dr Alessandra Santos | Dr Talita Ferreira | Dr Lilianne S. Maia | Dr Ana Caroline Conrado | Dr Rodrigo F. Segalla | Dr Alexandre Casadei Ferreira | Dr Amarildo Pasini | Dr Marie L. C. Bartz | Dr Klaus D. Sautter | Dr Samuel W. James | Dr Dilmar Baretta | Dr Zaida Inês Antoniolli | Dr Maria Jesus Iglesias Briones | Dr José Paulo Sousa | Dr Jörg Römbke | Dr Patrick Lavelle | Dr Melissa Miller | Prof. Henry Lin | Dr E. A. Stockdale | Dr Richard W. Zobel | Professor Jane Rickson

(2018)

Abstract

There has been growing concern that both intensive agriculture in the developed world and rapid expansion of crop cultivation in developing countries is damaging the health of soils which are the foundation of farming. At the same time we are discovering much more about how complex soils are as living biological systems. This volume reviews the latest research on soil science.
After an overview of the role of soil as a provider of ecosystem services and in conservation agriculture, the book reviews soil structure and chemistry as well organic matter, soil microorganisms and fauna. The second part of the book discusses soil dynamics, from water and nutrient cycles to carbon capture and erosion mechanisms.
With its distinguished editor and international team of expert authors, this will be a standard reference for soil scientists and agronomists as well as the farming community and government agencies responsible for monitoring soil health. It is accompanied by a companion volume looking at soil monitoring and management.
There has been growing concern that both intensive agriculture in the developed world and rapid expansion of crop cultivation in developing countries is damaging the health of soils which are the foundation of farming. At the same time we are discovering much more about how complex soils are as living biological systems. This volume reviews the latest research on soil science.
After an overview of the role of soil as a provider of ecosystem services and in conservation agriculture, the book reviews soil structure and chemistry as well organic matter, soil microorganisms and fauna. The second part of the book discusses soil dynamics, from water and nutrient cycles to carbon capture and erosion mechanisms.
With its distinguished editor and international team of expert authors, this will be a standard reference for soil scientists and agronomists as well as the farming community and government agencies responsible for monitoring soil health. It is accompanied by a companion volume looking at soil monitoring and management.
"Managing soil health for sustainable agriculture covers virtually the entire range of soil health topics. Dr Don Reicosky, himself an internationally distinguished soil scientist, has assembled an impressive roster of chapter authors. Each is a world-class specialist in the topic of the chapter. This collection of diverse chapters by highly respected authors promises to be a most interesting read and useful reference."
Professor Ray R. Weil, University of Maryland, USA

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Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Managing soil health for sustainable agriculture Volume 1: Fundamentals i
Contents iv
Series list ix
Acknowledgement xiv
Introduction xv
Part 1  Overview 1
Chapter 1  Soil and soil health: an overview 3
1 Introduction 3
2 Constructs of soil quality and health: utilitarian and holistic 4
3 The soil system and its performance 5
4 Soil health and its assessment 7
5 Practical assessment and governance of soil health 10
6 Conclusions 13
7 Where to look for further information 14
8 Acknowledgements 14
9 References 14
Chapter 2  Soil ecosystem services: an overview 17
1 Introduction 17
2 Production of food, fibre and energy 18
3 Erosion control 19
4 Nutrient abatement 21
5 Infiltration and disturbance regulation 22
6 Greenhouse gas and climate regulation 23
7 Pest control 24
8 Biodiversity 25
9 Conclusion and future trends 27
10 Where to look for further information 28
11 References 28
Chapter 3  Soil health and climate change: a critical nexus 39
1 Introduction 39
2 Impacts of climate change on the key components\nof soil health 42
3 The nexus of climate change and agricultural \nmanagement strategies 50
4 Soil health and climate change: strategic implications 54
5 Future trends and conclusion 56
6 Where to look for further information 56
7 References 56
Chapter 4  Integrated soil health management: a framework for soil conservation and regeneration 69
1 Introduction 69
2 The role of soil microbes in chemical and physical processes 70
3 The role of soil microbes in plant processes 70
4 Soil conservation: moving beyond tolerable soil loss (T) to integrated soil health management (ISHM) 71
5 Integrated soil health management 72
6 Future trends and conclusion 79
7 Abbreviations 79
8 Where to look for further information 79
9 References 80
Chapter 5  The economics of soil health 89
1 Introduction 89
2 Use of key soil health practices by farmers in the USA 90
3 Costs and benefits of soil health practices 92
4 Case studies in soil health: strengths and limitations 95
5 Public benefits of soil health and soil health management practices 98
6 Barriers to adoption of soil health practices 99
7 Evaluating the role of federal and state regulations, policies and incentive programmes 100
8 Future trends and conclusion 103
9 Where to look for further information 105
10 References 106
Part 2  Soil structure and \ncomposition 111
Chapter 6  Soil texture and structure: role in soil health 113
1 Introduction 113
2 Particle size and soil health 113
3 Soil aggregate formation and soil health 120
4 Conclusions 127
5 Future trends 127
6 References 128
Chapter 7  Chemical composition of soils: role in soil health 129
1 Introduction: the chemical composition of soils and major issues impacting soil health 129
2 Key chemical indicators of soil health 130
3 Nitrogen 132
4 Phosphorus 140
5 Potassium 148
6 Other nutrients 150
7 Case study: integrated watershed model in India 152
8 Summary: how can integrated nutrient management contribute to enhanced and sustainable crop production through improved soil health 156
9 Future trends in research 157
10 Where to look for further information 158
11 References 159
Chapter 8  Soil microorganisms: role in soil health 169
1 Introduction 169
2 Methods for investigating microorganisms in soil 171
3 The soil environment 174
4 Microbial inputs to geochemical cycles 178
5 Anthropogenic impacts on soil: land management and crop selection 181
6 Anthropogenic impacts on soil: fertilizers, agrochemicals, soil pH and pollution 183
7 Future perspectives 186
8 Where to look for further information 187
9 Acknowledgements 188
10 References 188
Chapter 9  The role of soil fauna in soil health and delivery of ecosystem services 197
1 Introduction 198
2 Soil fauna biodiversity 198
3 Soil fauna functional groups and classification 203
4 Role of soil fauna in delivering ecosystem services 208
5 Soil management and soil fauna populations 217
6 Soil animals as indicators of soil management and soil health 218
7 Assessing the contribution of soil fauna to ecosystem services 220
8 Conclusion 227
9 Where to look for further information 228
10 Acknowledgements 229
11 References 229
Part 3  Soil dynamics 243
Chapter 10  The role of soil hydrology in soil health 245
1 Introduction 245
2 Soil health indicators related to soil hydrology 246
3 Soil health indicators and soil water dynamics 250
4 Soil health management and soil hydrology 253
5 A broader perspective on soil health 258
6 Conclusion 260
7 Where to look for further information 260
8 References 261
Chapter 11  Nutrient cycling in soils 265
1 Introduction 265
2 The underlying concepts of nutrient cycling 266
3 Carbon (C) cycling 268
4 Nitrogen (N) cycling 271
5 Phosphorus (P) cycling 275
6 Other nutrient cycles – potassium (K) and micronutrients 278
7 Case study – approaches in integrated nutrient management 279
8 Conclusions 282
9 Future trends 283
10 Where to look for further information 284
11 References 285
Chapter 12  Plant–soil interactions: an overview 293
1 Introduction 293
2 Plant root system architecture 294
3 Root/shoot interactions 296
4 Root by microbiome interactions 297
5 Root by soil interactions 298
6 Future trends 300
7 Conclusion 301
8 Where to look for further information 301
9 References 301
Chapter 13  Mechanisms of soil erosion/degradation 305
1 Introduction 305
2 Soil erosion processes: overview and erosion by water 308
3 Soil erosion processes: other mechanisms 312
4 Consequences of soil erosion 314
5 Relating soil erosion to crop productivity and sustainable agriculture 317
6 Mitigating soil erosion: soil conservation 320
7 Summary and conclusions 323
8 Where to look for further information 324
9 References 325
Index 331