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Book Details
Abstract
For thousands of years, Ethiopia has depended on its smallholding farmers to provide the bulk of its food needs. But now, such farmers find themselves under threat from environmental degradation, climate change and declining productivity. As a result, smallholder agriculture has increasingly become subsistence-oriented, with many of these farmers trapped in a cycle of poverty. Smallholders have long been marginalised by mainstream development policies, and only more recently has their crucial importance been recognised for addressing rural poverty through agricultural reform.
This collection, written by leading Ethiopian scholars, explores the scope and impact of Ethiopia’s policy reforms over the past two decades on the smallholder sector. Focusing on the Lake Tana basin in northwestern Ethiopia, an area with untapped potential for growth, the contributors argue that any effective policy will need to go beyond agriculture to consider the role of health, nutrition and local food customs, as well as including increased safeguards for smallholder’s land rights. They in turn show that smallholders represent a vitally overlooked component of development strategy, not only in Ethiopia but across the global South.
‘Atakilte Beyene’s collection draws on the analytical perspectives of seven exceptionally well-grounded Ethiopian rural development specialists. A book with valuable lessons for the rest of the African continent and smallholder rural areas globally.’
Deborah Fahy Bryceson, University of Edinburgh
‘Edited by one of the field’s most seasoned researchers, this cohesive anthology is a real tour de force.’
Tekeste Negash, Uppsala University (Emeritus)
‘Provides a detailed and case-based overview of the challenges smallholder farmers in Ethiopia face in state-led development programmes and initiatives. As such it will be an important reference work.’
Harald Aspen, Norwegian University of Science and Technology
‘This timely volume contributes insightful perspectives on the current development of Ethiopia’s smallholder sector, and shows how smallholders still remain under prioritized in the country’s drive to transform agriculture and the economy at large.’
Magnus Jirström, Lund University
Atakilte Beyene is a senior researcher at the Nordic Africa Institute. His work has involved extensive field studies in Ethiopia and Tanzania, and he has previously held positions at Stockholm University, the Stockholm Environment Institute, and Ethiopia’s Tigray Development Association. His other works include the edited collection Biofuels, Land Grabbing and Food Security in Africa (Zed 2011).
Table of Contents
Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
---|---|---|---|
Cover | Cover | ||
About the editor | iii | ||
Title Page | v | ||
Copyright | vi | ||
Contents | vii | ||
Acknowledgements | ix | ||
Note on reference citations of Ethiopian authors | x | ||
Contributor Biographies | xi | ||
List of Abbreviations | xiv | ||
List of Tables and Figures | xvi | ||
State policies and questions of agrarian transformation | 1 | ||
Introduction | 1 | ||
Socio-technical perspectives of smallholder agriculture | 4 | ||
Diverse pathways of agricultural change | 5 | ||
The political landscape of the state–smallholder relationship | 8 | ||
Brief introduction to the chapters | 11 | ||
Enduring issues concerning smallholder agriculture | 14 | ||
Note | 17 | ||
References | 17 | ||
1: Agricultural input supply and output marketing systems\r | 23 | ||
Introduction | 23 | ||
Agricultural input use and supply systems of smallholder farmers | 23 | ||
Marketing systems of agricultural products of smallholder farmers in Ethiopia | 35 | ||
Institutional support services for agricultural input supply and output marketing | 36 | ||
The role of cooperatives in agricultural input supply and output marketing | 39 | ||
Conclusion | 40 | ||
References | 42 | ||
2: Agricultural Investment Alternatives and the Smallholder Farming Sector\r | 45 | ||
Introduction | 45 | ||
Brief background to agricultural modernization in Ethiopia | 47 | ||
Methods and data sources | 49 | ||
Case 1: Large-scale agricultural investment and the smallholders in Gambella and Benishangul | 50 | ||
Case 2: Potato value chain in traditional versus contract farming | 54 | ||
Conclusions | 60 | ||
References | 61 | ||
3: Large-scale canal irrigation management by smallholder farmers\r | 63 | ||
Ethiopia’s focus on water | 63 | ||
Irrigation – underdeveloped, but emerging | 65 | ||
Policy drive for modern irrigation for smallholders | 66 | ||
Collective management and collaboration | 67 | ||
Case study: Koga Dam and Irrigation Scheme | 67 | ||
Issues and gaps in irrigation management | 72 | ||
Conclusions | 76 | ||
Notes | 77 | ||
References | 77 | ||
4: Determinants of Climate-resilient Agricultural Practices among Smallholder Farmers\r | 80 | ||
Introduction | 80 | ||
Why is conservation agriculture relevant for the Ethiopian highlands? | 82 | ||
Survey design and administration | 83 | ||
Modelling the decision to convert conventional farming into conservation farming | 84 | ||
Results and discussions | 88 | ||
Conclusion and policy recommendations | 95 | ||
Notes | 96 | ||
References | 96 | ||
5: SocioCultural Dimensions of Food: The Case of Teff\r | 100 | ||
Introduction | 100 | ||
Studies on food: a brief review | 101 | ||
The study area | 103 | ||
Brief description of the crop | 104 | ||
Food items from teff | 105 | ||
Sociocultural and symbolic uses of teff | 108 | ||
Sociocultural and ritual practices in teff cultivation | 110 | ||
Discussion | 112 | ||
Conclusion | 114 | ||
Acknowledgement | 116 | ||
References | 116 | ||
6: The Impact of Malaria Epidemics on Agricultural Production in Dembia and Fogera, 1950–2000\r | 119 | ||
Introduction | 119 | ||
Rural health and farm labour | 120 | ||
Malaria epidemics in Dembia and Fogera districts, 1950–58 | 122 | ||
Malaria epidemics since 1959 | 134 | ||
Conclusion | 135 | ||
Notes | 136 | ||
References | 138 | ||
7: Women farmers’ land rights in the context of constraining cultural norms\r | 143 | ||
Introduction | 143 | ||
Methods | 144 | ||
Gendered agriculture | 144 | ||
Selected descriptions from the qualitative data | 151 | ||
Gender division of labour, agriculture and the future generation | 154 | ||
Conclusion | 157 | ||
Note | 157 | ||
References | 157 | ||
8: Rural transformation through robust land rights\r | 160 | ||
Introduction | 160 | ||
Historical overview | 161 | ||
Land rights in present-day Ethiopia | 164 | ||
Rural land laws | 168 | ||
Expropriation | 174 | ||
Conclusion | 175 | ||
Recommendations | 176 | ||
Notes | 177 | ||
References | 178 | ||
Concluding remarks | 180 | ||
References | 185 | ||
Index | 186 |