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Playing, Laughing and Learning with Children on the Autism Spectrum

Playing, Laughing and Learning with Children on the Autism Spectrum

(2002)

Additional Information

Book Details

Abstract

Parents of young children newly diagnosed as on the autism spectrum are often at a loss for ideas about how best to help their child. They feel dismayed and 'shut out' by their child and are often also having to grapple with language and behaviour problems. Playing, Laughing and Learning with Children on the Autism Spectrum is not just a collection of play ideas; it shows how to break down activities into manageable stages, and looks at ways to gain a child's attention and motivation and to build on small achievements. The use of case studies illustrates how problems of ritual and obsession can be used and redirected positively and shows how to structure play activities and overcome communication barriers by using picture cards. Each chapter covers a collection of ideas around a theme, including music, art, physical activities, playing outdoors, puzzles, turn-taking and using existing toys to create play sequences. There are also chapters on introducing reading and making the most of television. The ideas are useful both for toddlers and primary age children who are still struggling with play.

Parents of young children newly diagnosed as autistic will appreciate a new book: Playing, Laughing and Learning with Children on the Autism Spectrum. It shows how to gain a child's attention and motivation and start to build on small achievements.

The use of case studies illustrates how problems of ritual and obsession can be redirected positively and shows how to overcome communication barriers using picture cards.

­ New Generation

`I described the book as exciting because Julia Moor helps the reader to play from the perspective of the child with autism and shows us how the activities we value may be of interest, frustrating or even frightening for the child. She suggests ways to encourage the child's attention and motivation by breaking down the activities into manageable stages and building on small achievements. Most importantly - finding ways to reach the child, to explain what we would like him to do, and to negotiate a balance between the learning activity and what the child really wants to do (tickling, bubbles watching an video, etc.)'.


Update Newsletter & Action for Leisure
`As a parent of a child with a diagnosis of autism, Julia Moor is eminently qualified to write such a book. In addition, she has a psychology degree and a career working with adults with learning difficulties. She has created an approachable and practical edition, which will be welcomed by parents and carers alike. I know how hard it can be to find `how to' resources for parents. Well here is a gem.'
Occupational Therapy Team St Dominic's School
While primarily directed at parents and carers, the book is relevant to a much broader readership; indeed it would be a valuable addition to the bookshelf of any early years practitioner, playworker, teacher or teaching assistant within the primary phase of education.
NASEN Special
`The book is well organised, simply written, and it avoids jargon and technical terminology. It is full of wonderful and practical ideas such as "structuring your day by creating a visual diary" or "picture prompts for playing with toys." There is a specific section on tabletop games that provides some fun ways to introduce tabletop play such as puzzles or provide an activity box. Outdoor play, water play, and taking turns in play also have chapters devoted to ideas, which make the play personally engaging and enjoyable for all. There is a section on music which includes scripts to rhythm (encouraging songs) and a section on relaxation "which gives them a tool for later life" (p.93). Throughout the book, engagement is an important aspect of all the activities presented.'
International Journal of Disability, Development & Education
`The book's contents are derived from a survey of over 100 parents of children with a diagnosis of autism. Its aim is to empower parents to fill their child's day with play­-based activities carried out by those who know the child best. This positive book bursts with ideas on different types of structured play.'
Bulletin Apr. 2003 issue 612
`This book is written for parents but invaluable for all those working with children on the Autistic Spectrum. It is a book of practical and imaginative ideas and activities based on the tried and tested principles of various familiar approaches to autism… I can thoroughly recommend it.'
AFASIC News Summer 2003
`…an approachable and practical edition that will be welcomed by parents and carers alike. I know how hard it can be to find "How to" resources for parents. Well here is a gem.'
Children, Young People and Families

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Playing, Laughing and Learning with Children on the Autism Spectrum 4
Contents 6
Acknowledgements 11
Introduction 14
1. Why is Playing So Important? 18
Why is play so difficult for children with autism? 19
So what do we actually mean by play? 20
Using this book 21
2. Early Playing Skills: Gaining Attention and Sharing Space 22
What does sharing space mean? 22
The drive to avoid 22
Communication 24
Ideas to try: 26
Moving on 29
Individual Example: Andrew 29
3. Structured Play 34
Why do children on the autism spectrum need structure? 34
What does structuring play actually mean and how does it work? 36
Creating play opportunity – setting the stage 37
Breaking play down into tasks 38
Applied behavioural analysis (ABA) 42
Structuring early learning 43
Individual Example: Sam 44
Structuring the day – creating a visual diary 46
Introducing choice and flexibility 48
4. Toys, Toys, Toys 50
Help – my child won’t play with his toys! 50
Reassessing existing toys: back to basics 52
Being organized 54
Picture prompts for playing 54
Getting started: ideas 55
Individual Example: Sally 59
Sources of toys 60
What to look for in appropriate toys 61
Separating toys into challengers and reinforcers 62
Modifying existing toys to remove stress 64
The importance of realism 64
Specific useful toys 66
Birthdays and Christmas 67
5. Table-Top Games and Puzzles 70
What is a puzzle? 70
Getting started 72
Shapes 74
Introducing fun into table-top play 76
Colours 77
Matching games 79
Posting games 82
Simple jigsaws 83
Bricks 84
Threading 85
Categories 86
Memory Games 88
6. Music 90
Saviour and enemy 90
Ideas to try at home 92
Finding a collection of enjoyable pieces 92
Listening and playing to music together 93
Relaxation 94
Scripts to rhythm – encouraging speech through song 95
How does this work in practice? – ideas 96
Singing spontaneous commentaries 99
Making your own music 101
Using your music box 102
Auditory Integration Training 107
7. Turn-Taking in Play 110
Theory of mind and social development. 110
Why is turn-taking difficult for children on the autism spectrum? 111
Awareness of others – practical activities to help 112
Awareness of others thoughts: practical activities to help 114
Small beginnings – turn-taking with an adult 117
Turn-taking with peers and siblings 120
Aids to help turn-taking 122
Turn-taking in everyday life 122
8. Physical Games and Activities 124
Sensory integration problems 124
Getting started 126
Ball games 128
Small ball play 129
Large hoop 131
Indoor ball pit 132
Large boxes 134
Making a tactile box 134
Imaginative uses for boxes 135
Human jack-in-the-box 136
Puppet theatre 136
Trampoline 137
Indoor slide and balance beam 137
Cushions 138
Skittles 139
Other useful physical play toys 139
9. Outdoor Play 142
Problems and solutions 142
Safety 143
The benefits of outdoor play 145
The need for structure 146
Getting started – games and activities 146
Pavement chalking 146
Throwing balls at targets 147
Sand play 148
Messy art 149
Balance beams 152
Outdoor adult role-play 153
Picnics 154
Big outdoor play equipment 156
Tunnels, play tents and cubes 160
Outdoor play in winter weather 162
10. Water Play 166
Autism and water 166
Individual Example: Katherine 168
Enjoying water play indoors 169
Bath time play 170
Table-top water play 172
Outdoor water play 174
Swimming 175
11. Television Potential 178
Television - why? 178
Common problems and possible solutions 179
Many uses for the camcorder 183
Video modelling 185
12. Being Creative – Art and Craft 188
Why art? 188
The obstacles between art and your child 189
Gaining attention by being indirect 189
Getting started 190
Art ideas 194
Scissors and glue 198
Craft 200
13. Creating Imaginative Play Sequences 204
What type of toys? 205
Simplicity 206
Realism 206
Familiarity 207
The right environment 208
Getting started 209
Building scripts 210
Individual Example: Jonathan 211
Moving on 214
In summary 215
More suggestions 216
I can’t draw! 217
Problems 218
This seems like so much effort! 218
14. Introducing Books and Reading 220
Starting out – looking at books together 222
Individual Example: Peter 222
Individual Example: Fay 224
Ideas 225
Moving on – reading for meaning 226
Problems with reading for meaning 226
Story sequences and consequences 232
Goals 233
Observation, timing and preparation 234
Specific books to try 235
Popular characters 238
Tape/book packages 239
Early literacy 240
Word recognition 241
Individual Example: Lewis 244
Activities to develop language understanding 245
Finally 248
15. Problems, Frustration and Tantrums – Making Play Enjoyable 250
Deal with your own frustration first! 250
Reducing stress whilst you play 252
Flexible parenting for rigid kids 256
Reassessing play skills – the need for goals 259
Enjoy your child 260
Bibliography 262
Therapeutic Options/Organizations 264
Recommended Reading 268
Websites for articles written by adults with autism 268
Toys and Suppliers 270
Picture Prompts to Copy and Use 276
Index 280