Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
This book is specifically designed to cover undergraduate syllabus and to help medical students preparing for various internal assessment, and university theory exams in Pediatrics. This book will help to understand the basics, will provide you the exact content required during MBBS course. This book has a perfect mix of conceptual and factual elements along with tables and figures to help in easy understanding and retention.
- Includes all topics from ‘Must know’ areas prescribed in syllabus from leading medical universities of India
- Includes topics from frequently asked questions in various previous year university theory examinations in Pediatrics
- The content is given in a simple, concise, point-wise format for easy reading and retention.
- Bulleted points, bold fonts for important keywords, tables, figures, flow charts and coloured clinical images to enhance the reading experience and revision.
- Recent evidence-based concepts, latest guidelines, and management algorithms are included.
- Content is thoroughly peer-reviewed independently by subject experts.
- Free access to online supplementary materials from MedEnact which includes chapter wise MCQs and previous year paediatrics final MBBS theory questions
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cover | Cover | ||
| Title Page | iii | ||
| Copyright Page | iv | ||
| Dedication | v | ||
| Foreword | vii | ||
| Preface | ix | ||
| Acknowledgments | xi | ||
| Contents | xiii | ||
| Chapter 1 - Growth and development | 1 | ||
| 1.1 - Growth | 1 | ||
| 1.2 - Factors affecting growth | 1 | ||
| 1.3 - Laws of growth | 2 | ||
| 1.4 - Assessment of physical growth | 2 | ||
| 1.5 - Dentition | 5 | ||
| 1.6 - Bone age assessment | 6 | ||
| 1.7 - Growth charts | 6 | ||
| 1.8 - Growth velocity (height velocity) | 7 | ||
| 1.9 - Short stature | 7 | ||
| 1.10 - Familial Short Stature | 9 | ||
| 1.11 - Constitutional growth delay | 10 | ||
| 1.12 - Psychosocial dwarfism | 10 | ||
| 1.13 - Tall stature | 10 | ||
| 1.14 - Failure to thrive (FTT) | 10 | ||
| 1.15 - Obesity | 11 | ||
| 1.16 - Microcephaly | 12 | ||
| 1.17 - Macrocephaly | 13 | ||
| 1.18 - Development | 13 | ||
| 1.19 - Rules of development | 13 | ||
| 1.20 - Factors affecting development | 13 | ||
| 1.21 - Development milestones | 14 | ||
| 1.22 - Developmental assessment | 15 | ||
| 1.23 - Red flag signs in child development | 17 | ||
| 1.24 - ‘Development assessment’ tests | 17 | ||
| Online supplementary materials: | 17 | ||
| Chapter 2 - Adolescence and behavioral disorders | 18 | ||
| 2.1 - Adolescence | 18 | ||
| 2.2 - Stages of adolescence | 18 | ||
| 2.3 - Changes during adolescence | 18 | ||
| 2.4 - Emotional and social changes | 18 | ||
| 2.5 - Important Health problems during adolescence | 19 | ||
| 2.6 - Sequence of changes in puberty | 19 | ||
| 2.7 - Tanner staging/Sexual maturity rating (SMR) | 19 | ||
| 2.9 - Temper tantrums | 20 | ||
| 2.10 - Breath holding spells | 20 | ||
| 2.11 - Tics | 21 | ||
| 2.12 - Tourette syndrome (Gilles de la Tourette syndrome) | 21 | ||
| 2.13 - Nocturnal enuresis | 22 | ||
| 2.14 - Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) | 22 | ||
| 2.15 - Stuttering | 23 | ||
| 2.16 - Pervasive developmental disorders (PDD) | 23 | ||
| 2.17 - Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) | 23 | ||
| 2.18 - Autism | 24 | ||
| 2.19 - Asperger syndrome | 25 | ||
| 2.20 - Rett syndrome | 25 | ||
| Online supplementary materials: | 25 | ||
| Chapter 3 - Fluid, electrolytes, and acid base disturbances | 26 | ||
| 3.1 - Fluid homeostasis | 26 | ||
| 3.1.1 - Total body water (TBW) | 26 | ||
| 3.1.2 - Fluid compartments | 26 | ||
| 3.1.3 - Osmolality | 26 | ||
| 3.1.4 - Regulation of osmolality and volume | 26 | ||
| 3.1.5 - Maintenance requirements | 28 | ||
| 3.2 - Hyponatremia | 28 | ||
| 3.3 - Hypernatremia | 30 | ||
| 3.4 - Potassium | 32 | ||
| 3.4.1 - Hypokalemia | 32 | ||
| 3.4.2 - Hyperkalemia | 33 | ||
| 3.5 - Hypocalcemia | 34 | ||
| 3.6 - Acid base disturbances | 35 | ||
| 3.6.1 - Metabolic acidosis | 35 | ||
| 3.6.2 - Metabolic alkalosis | 36 | ||
| Online supplementary materials: | 38 | ||
| Chapter 4 - Nutrition | 39 | ||
| 4.1 - Breastfeeding | 39 | ||
| 4.1.1 - Types of breast milk | 39 | ||
| 4.1.2 - Advantages of breastfeeding | 39 | ||
| 4.1.3 - Nutritional composition of breast milk | 40 | ||
| 4.1.4 - Breastfeeding—position and attachment | 40 | ||
| 4.2 - The 10 steps to successful breastfeeding | 41 | ||
| 4.3 - Baby-friendly hospital initiative | 41 | ||
| 4.4 - Complementary feeding | 41 | ||
| 4.5 - Protein energy malnutrition (PEM) | 42 | ||
| 4.5.1 - Etiology of PEM | 42 | ||
| 4.5.2 - PEM—indicators and assessment | 42 | ||
| 4.5.3 - Classification of PEM | 43 | ||
| 4.5.4 - Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) | 43 | ||
| 4.5.5 - Theories of PEM evolution | 43 | ||
| 4.5.6 - Clinical Features of PEM | 43 | ||
| 4.6.1 - Kwarshiorkor (edematous malnutrition) | 44 | ||
| 4.6.2 - Marasmus (non-edematous malnutrition) | 44 | ||
| 4.6.3 - Management of Severe Malnutrition: | 45 | ||
| 4.6.4 - Ready to use therapeutic food (RUTF) | 47 | ||
| 4.6.5 - Nutritional recovery syndrome (Refeeding syndrome) | 47 | ||
| 4.7 - Vitamin deficiencies | 47 | ||
| 4.7.1 - Vitamin A deficiency | 47 | ||
| 4.7.2 - Nutritional Rickets | 49 | ||
| 4.7.3 - Vitamin E deficiency | 50 | ||
| 4.7.4 - Vitamin K deficiency | 50 | ||
| 4.7.5 - Thiamine deficiency | 51 | ||
| 4.7.6 - Riboflavin Deficiency | 51 | ||
| 4.7.7 - Niacin deficiency (Vitamin B3) | 51 | ||
| 4.7.8 - Vitamin B6 deficiency | 52 | ||
| 4.7.9 - Vitamin B12 deficiency | 52 | ||
| 4.7.10 - Vitamin C deficiency (Scurvy) | 52 | ||
| Online supplementary materials: | 54 | ||
| Chapter 5 - Fetal and neonatal medicine | 55 | ||
| 5.1 - Fetal assessment and prenatal diagnosis | 55 | ||
| 5.1.1 - Assessment of gestational age | 55 | ||
| 5.1.2 - Prenatal diagnosis of fetal disease | 55 | ||
| 5.1.3.1 - Cell free fetal DNA in the maternal circulation | 56 | ||
| 5.1.3 - Fetal size and growth rate abnormalities | 56 | ||
| 5.1.3.1 - Fetal growth restriction (FGR) | 56 | ||
| 5.1.3.2 - Macrosomia | 57 | ||
| 5.1.4 - Antepartum assessment of fetal well-being | 57 | ||
| 5.1.4.1 - Fetal movement count | 57 | ||
| 5.1.4.2 - The nonstress test (NST) | 57 | ||
| 5.1.4.3 - Contraction stress test (CST) | 57 | ||
| 5.1.4.4 - Biophysical profile (BPP)– | 58 | ||
| 5.1.4.5 - Doppler ultrasonography of fetal vessels | 58 | ||
| 5.1.5 - Indications for antepartum fetal surveillance | 58 | ||
| 5.1.6 - Intrapartum assessment of fetal well-being | 59 | ||
| 5.1.6.1 - Parameters of the fetal heart rate that are evaluated include | 59 | ||
| 5.1.6.2 - Fetal blood gas analysis | 59 | ||
| 5.2 - Important terminologies and definitions in neonatology | 59 | ||
| 5.3 - Neonatal resuscitation | 60 | ||
| 5.4 - Birth injuries | 62 | ||
| 5.4.1 - Cephalohematoma | 62 | ||
| 5.4.2 - Caput succedaneum | 63 | ||
| 5.4.3 - Subaponeurotic hemorrhage/subgaleal bleed | 63 | ||
| 5.4.4 - Brachial palsy | 64 | ||
| 5.4.5 - Clavicle fracture | 65 | ||
| 5.5 - Infant of diabetic mother | 65 | ||
| 5.6 - Hypothermia | 65 | ||
| 5.7 - Kangaroo mother care | 66 | ||
| 5.8 - Neonatal jaundice | 67 | ||
| 5.9 - Hemorrhagic Disease of Newborn (Vitamin K deficiency bleeding) | 70 | ||
| 5.10 - Neonatal Sepsis | 71 | ||
| 5.11 - Respiratory diseases | 73 | ||
| 5.11.1 - Respiratory Distress Syndrome | 73 | ||
| 5.11.2 - Transient Tachypnea of Newborn (TTNB) | 74 | ||
| 5.11.3 - Meconium Aspiration Syndrome (MAS) | 75 | ||
| 5.11.4 - Apnea | 75 | ||
| 5.12 - CNS disorders | 76 | ||
| 5.12.1 - Neonatal Seizures | 76 | ||
| 5.12.2 - Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE) | 76 | ||
| 5.13 - Transient metabolic disorders | 77 | ||
| 5.13.1 - Hypoglycemia | 77 | ||
| 5.13.2 - Hyperglycemia | 78 | ||
| 5.13.3 - Hypocalcemia | 78 | ||
| 5.14 - Surgical Diseases of Newborn | 79 | ||
| 5.14.1 - Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) | 79 | ||
| 5.14.2 - Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC) | 79 | ||
| Online supplementary materials: | 80 | ||
| Chapter 6 - Genetics | 81 | ||
| 6.1 - Introduction | 81 | ||
| 6.2 - Types of genetic disorders | 81 | ||
| 6.3 - Autosomal dominant inheritance | 81 | ||
| 6.4 - Autosomal recessive inheritance | 82 | ||
| 6.5 - X-Linked recessive inheritance | 82 | ||
| 6.6 - X-Linked dominant inheritance | 82 | ||
| 6.7 - Multifactorial/polygenic inheritance | 83 | ||
| 6.8 - Mitochondrial disorders | 84 | ||
| 6.9 - Genomic imprinting | 84 | ||
| 6.10 - Uniparental disomy | 84 | ||
| 6.11 - Down syndrome (Trisomy 21) | 84 | ||
| 6.12 - Edward syndrome | 86 | ||
| 6.13 - Patau syndrome | 87 | ||
| 6.14 - Klinefelter syndrome | 87 | ||
| 6.15 - Turner syndrome | 88 | ||
| 6.16 - Genetic counselling | 88 | ||
| Online supplementary materials: | 89 | ||
| Chapter 7 - Metabolic disorders | 90 | ||
| 7.1 - Approach to a child with suspected metabolic disorder presenting with intractable seizures and hypoglycemia | 90 | ||
| 7.2 - Phenylketonuria (PKU) | 92 | ||
| 7.3 - Tyrosinemia | 92 | ||
| 7.4 - Albinism | 93 | ||
| 7.5 - Alkaptonuria | 93 | ||
| 7.6 - Homocystinuria | 94 | ||
| 7.7 - Maple syrup urine disease | 95 | ||
| 7.8 - Galactosemia | 95 | ||
| 7.9 - Hereditary fructose intolerance | 96 | ||
| 7.10 - Approach to a child with glycogen storage disorder | 96 | ||
| 7.11 - Von-Gierke disease | 97 | ||
| 7.12 - Approach to muco-polysaccharidoses (MPS) | 98 | ||
| 7.13 - Gaucher disease | 100 | ||
| 7.14 - Abetalipoproteinemia | 101 | ||
| 7.15 - Alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency | 101 | ||
| 7.16 - Wilson disease | 101 | ||
| Online supplementary materials: | 102 | ||
| Chapter 8 - Immunology and allergy | 103 | ||
| 8.1 - Classification of types of immunity | 103 | ||
| 8.2 - Immunodeficiency diseases | 103 | ||
| 8.3 - Investigations for a child with suspected immunodeficiency | 104 | ||
| 8.4 - Defects in innate immunity | 104 | ||
| 8.4.1 - Leukocyte adhesion defect (LAD) | 104 | ||
| 8.4.2 - Chediak–Higashi syndrome (CHS) | 104 | ||
| 8.4.3 - Myeloperoxidase (MPO) deficiency | 105 | ||
| 8.4.4 - Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) | 105 | ||
| 8.5 - Defects in adaptive immunity | 106 | ||
| 8.5.1.1 - X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLD) | 106 | ||
| 8.5.1.2 - Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) | 106 | ||
| 8.5.1.3 - Hyper-IgM syndrome | 107 | ||
| 8.5.1.4 - Selective IgA deficiency | 107 | ||
| 8.5.2.1 - Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) | 107 | ||
| 8.5.2.2 - Ataxia telangiectasia | 107 | ||
| 8.5.2.3 - Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome | 108 | ||
| 8.5.2.4 - Hyper IgE syndrome (Job syndrome) | 108 | ||
| 8.5.3.1 - DiGeorge syndrome | 108 | ||
| 8.6 - Intravenous immunoglobulin | 109 | ||
| Allergic diseases | 109 | ||
| 8.8 - Systemic anaphylaxis | 110 | ||
| 8.9 - Bronchial asthma | 110 | ||
| 8.10 - Status asthmaticus | 114 | ||
| 8.11 - Exercise induced bronchoconstriction | 115 | ||
| Online supplementary materials: | 116 | ||
| Chapter 9 - Rheumatology | 117 | ||
| 9.1 - Approach a child with suspected arthritis | 117 | ||
| Musculoskeletal examination | 118 | ||
| 9.2 - Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) | 118 | ||
| 9.3 - Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) | 120 | ||
| 9.4 - Juvenile dermatomyositis | 122 | ||
| 9.5 - Vasculitis | 123 | ||
| Kawasaki disease | 123 | ||
| 9.5.2 - Takayasu arteritis | 124 | ||
| 9.5.3 - Polyarteritis nodosa | 125 | ||
| Online supplementary material: | 125 | ||
| Chapter 10 - Infectious diseases | 126 | ||
| 10.1 - Approach to a child with fever | 126 | ||
| 10.2 - Fever without focus | 128 | ||
| 10.3 - Pyrexia of unknown origin | 129 | ||
| 10.4 - Bacterial Infections | 130 | ||
| 10.4.1 - Pertussis | 130 | ||
| 10.4.2 - Staphylococcal infections | 131 | ||
| 10.4.3 - Enteric fever (Typhoid fever) | 132 | ||
| 10.4.4 - Diphtheria | 134 | ||
| 10.4.5 - Scrub typhus | 135 | ||
| 10.4.6 - Tetanus | 136 | ||
| 10.4.7 - Leptospirosis | 137 | ||
| 10.4.8 - Tuberculosis (TB) | 138 | ||
| 10.5 - Viral infections | 141 | ||
| 10.5.1 - Infectious mononucleosis | 141 | ||
| 10.5.2 - Measles | 142 | ||
| 10.5.3 - Mumps | 143 | ||
| 10.5.4 - Varicella | 144 | ||
| 10.5.5 - HIV in children | 145 | ||
| 10.5.6 - Dengue | 147 | ||
| 10.6 - Malaria | 150 | ||
| 10.7 - Vaccines | 152 | ||
| 10.7.1 - Types of vaccines | 152 | ||
| 10.7.2 - Cold Chain | 153 | ||
| 10.7.3 - National Immunization schedule | 153 | ||
| 10.7.4 - Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG) Vaccine | 154 | ||
| 10.7.5 - Hemophilus influenzae B vaccine | 154 | ||
| 10.7.6 - Pentavalent Vaccine | 154 | ||
| 10.7.7 - Mumps Measles Rubella (MMR) | 155 | ||
| 10.7.8 - Rotavirus Vaccine | 155 | ||
| 10.7.9 - Rabies vaccine | 155 | ||
| 10.7.10 - Meningococcal Vaccine | 156 | ||
| 10.7.11 - Cholera Vaccines | 156 | ||
| 10.7.12 - Hepatitis B Vaccine | 156 | ||
| 10.7.13 - Varicella vaccine | 157 | ||
| 10.7.14 - Typhoid vaccine | 157 | ||
| 10.7.15 - Hepatitis A vaccine | 157 | ||
| 10.7.16 - Pneumococcal vaccine | 157 | ||
| Online supplementary materials: | 157 | ||
| Chapter 11 - Hematology | 158 | ||
| 11.1 - Approach to a child with anemia | 158 | ||
| 11.2 - Causes of microcytic hypochromic anemia | 159 | ||
| 11.3 - Causes of macrocytic hypochromic anemia | 159 | ||
| 11.4 - Causes of normocytic normochromic anemia | 159 | ||
| 11.5 - Iron deficiency anemia | 160 | ||
| 11.6 - Megaloblastic anemia | 161 | ||
| 11.7 - Approach to child with suspected hemolytic anemia | 162 | ||
| 11.8 - Hereditary spherocytosis (HS) | 163 | ||
| 11.9 - Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PD Deficiency) | 164 | ||
| 11.10 - Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) | 165 | ||
| 11.11 - Thalassemia | 166 | ||
| 11.12 - Sickle cell anemia | 168 | ||
| 11.13 - Aplastic anemia | 169 | ||
| 11.14 - Hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) | 170 | ||
| 11.15 - Approach to a bleeding child | 170 | ||
| 11.16 - Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) | 171 | ||
| 11.17 - Hemophilia | 172 | ||
| 11.18 - Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) | 172 | ||
| 11.19 - Approach to child with thrombosis | 174 | ||
| 11.20 - Eosinophilia | 174 | ||
| Online supplementary materials: | 175 | ||
| Chapter 12 - Gastrointestinal System | 176 | ||
| 12.1 - Idiopathic hypertrophic pyloric stenosis | 176 | ||
| 12.2 - Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) | 177 | ||
| 12.3 - Acute watery diarrhea | 178 | ||
| 12.4 - Dysentery | 181 | ||
| 12.5 - Persistent diarrhea | 181 | ||
| 12.6 - Chronic diarrhea | 183 | ||
| 12.7 - Intussusception | 184 | ||
| 12.8 - Choledochal cyst | 185 | ||
| 12.9 - Malabsorption | 185 | ||
| 12.10 - Inflammatory bowel disease | 186 | ||
| 12.11 - Gastroschisis | 187 | ||
| 12.12 - Duodenal Atresia | 187 | ||
| 12.13 - Exomphalos (Omphalocele) | 187 | ||
| 12.14 - Hirschsprung disease (congenital aganglionic megacolon) | 188 | ||
| 12.15 - Anorectal Anomalies | 189 | ||
| 12.16 - Approach to a Child with upper gastrointestinal bleeding | 190 | ||
| 12.17 - Approach to a child with lower gastrointestinal bleeding | 191 | ||
| 12.18 - Liver abscess | 191 | ||
| 12.19 - Acute viral hepatitis | 192 | ||
| 12.20 - Chronic hepatitis B | 193 | ||
| 12.21 - Fulminant hepatic failure | 193 | ||
| 12.22 - Chronic liver disease | 195 | ||
| 22.23 - Ascites | 196 | ||
| 22.24 - Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis | 197 | ||
| 22.25 - Portal hypertension | 198 | ||
| Online supplementary materials: | 199 | ||
| Chapter 13 - Cardiovascular system | 200 | ||
| 13.1 - Fetal circulation | 200 | ||
| 13.2 - Acyanotic congenital heart disease (ACCHD) | 201 | ||
| 13.3 - Atrial septal defects (ASD) | 202 | ||
| 13.4 - Ventricular septal defect (VSD) | 204 | ||
| 13.5 - Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) | 205 | ||
| 13.6 - Cyanotic congenital heart disease (CCHD) | 207 | ||
| 13.7 - Tetralogy of fallot (TOF) | 207 | ||
| 13.8 - Transposition of the great arteries (TGA) | 210 | ||
| 13.9 - Tricuspid atresia | 211 | ||
| 13.10 - Total anomalous pulmonary venous return (TAPVR) | 212 | ||
| 13.11.1 - Mitral stenosis | 213 | ||
| 13.11.2 - Mitral regurgitation (MR) | 214 | ||
| 13.11.3 - Aortic stenosis (AS) | 215 | ||
| 13.11.4 - Aortic regurgitation (AR) | 216 | ||
| 13.12 - Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) | 218 | ||
| 13.13 - Congestive cardiac failure (CCF) | 221 | ||
| 13.14 - Hypertension | 222 | ||
| 13.15 - Infective endocarditis (IE) | 223 | ||
| 13.16 - Acute pericarditis | 226 | ||
| 13.17 - Cardiac arrhythmia | 227 | ||
| 13.18 - Supra ventricular tachycardia (SVT) | 227 | ||
| 13.19 - Coarctation of aorta (CoA) | 228 | ||
| 13.20 - Cardiovascular involvement in systemic diseases | 229 | ||
| 13.21 - Miscellaneous cardiac conditions | 230 | ||
| Online supplementary materials: | 230 | ||
| Chapter 14 - Respiratory system | 231 | ||
| 14.1 - Acute bronchiolitis | 231 | ||
| 14.2 - Acute tonsillopharyngitis | 232 | ||
| 14.3 - Acute laryngotracheobronchitis (CROUP) | 233 | ||
| 14.4 - Epiglottitis (Supra-glottitis) | 234 | ||
| 14.5 - Pneumonia | 235 | ||
| 14.5.1 - Pneumococcal pneumonia | 238 | ||
| 14.5.2 - Staphylococcal pneumonia | 238 | ||
| 14.5.3 - Atypical pneumonia | 239 | ||
| 14.6 - Foreign body aspiration | 239 | ||
| 14.7 - Lung abscess | 240 | ||
| 14.8 - Bronchiectasis | 241 | ||
| 14.9 - Cystic fibrosis | 243 | ||
| 14.10 - Empyema | 243 | ||
| Chapter 15 - Nephrology | 245 | ||
| 15.1 - Glomerulonephritis | 245 | ||
| 15.2 - Acute glomerulonephritis/acute nephritic syndrome | 245 | ||
| 15.3 - Post streptococcal glomerulonephritis | 245 | ||
| 15.4 - Rapidly progressive (Crescentic) Glomerulonephritis (RPGN) | 247 | ||
| 15.5 - Henoch-schonlein purpura (HSP) nephritis | 248 | ||
| 15.6 - Hemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) | 250 | ||
| 15.7 - IgA nephropathy (berger’s disease) | 251 | ||
| 15.8 - SLE nephritis (Lupus Nephritis) | 251 | ||
| 15.9 - Approach to hematuria | 252 | ||
| 15.10 - Nephrotic syndrome | 253 | ||
| 15.10.1 - Minimal change disease/steroid sensitive nephrotic syndrome | 253 | ||
| 15.10.2 - Steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome | 256 | ||
| 15.11 - Renal tubular acidosis | 257 | ||
| 15.12 - Urinary tract infection | 258 | ||
| 15.13 - Vesico uretric reflux (VUR) | 259 | ||
| 15.14 - Acute renal failure | 260 | ||
| 15.15 - Chronic kidney disease (previously known as chronic renal failure) | 262 | ||
| 15.16 - Renal replacement therapies (RRT) | 263 | ||
| 15.17 - Polycystic kidney disease | 264 | ||
| 15.7.1 - Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease | 264 | ||
| 15.7.2 - Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease | 264 | ||
| 15.18 - Posterior urethral valve | 264 | ||
| Online supplementary materials: | 265 | ||
| Chapter 16 - Neurology | 266 | ||
| 16.1 - Neural tube defects (NTD) | 266 | ||
| 16.2 - Hydrocephalus | 267 | ||
| 16.3 - Vein of Galen Malformation | 269 | ||
| 16.4 - Posterior Fossa Anomalies | 269 | ||
| 16.4.1 - Dandy-walker syndrome | 269 | ||
| 16.4.2 - Arnold Chiari Malformation | 269 | ||
| 16.5 - Seizures | 270 | ||
| 16.6 - Febrile seizures | 270 | ||
| 16.7 - Absence seizures (Petitmal seizures) | 272 | ||
| 16.8 - Status epilepticus | 272 | ||
| 16.9.1 - Neurofibromatosis | 274 | ||
| 16.9.2 - Tuberous sclerosis (TSC) | 275 | ||
| 16.9.3 - Sturge-Weber syndrome | 276 | ||
| 16.10 - Raised intracranial tension | 276 | ||
| 16.11 - Pseudotumor Cerebri (Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension) | 277 | ||
| 16.12 - Cerebral palsy | 278 | ||
| 16.13 - Mental retardation/Intellectual disability | 280 | ||
| 16.14 - Acute bacterial meningitis/pyogenic meningitis | 281 | ||
| 16.15 - Tuberculous meningitis | 282 | ||
| 16.16 - Viral meningoencephalitis | 283 | ||
| 16.17 - Brain abscess | 284 | ||
| 16.18 - Subacute sclerosing pan-encephalitis | 285 | ||
| 16.19 - Sydenham’s chorea | 285 | ||
| 16.20 - Disorders of neuromuscular system | 285 | ||
| 16.20.1 - Guillian-barre syndrome | 285 | ||
| 16.20.2 - Myasthenia Gravis | 286 | ||
| 16.20.3 - Infant Botulism | 286 | ||
| 16.20.4 - Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy | 287 | ||
| 16.20.5 - Bell’s palsy | 288 | ||
| Online supplementary materials: | 288 | ||
| Chapter 17 - Endocrinology | 289 | ||
| 17.1 - Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) | 289 | ||
| 17.2 - Diabetes insipidus (DI) | 290 | ||
| 17.3 - Diabetes mellitus (DM) | 291 | ||
| 17.4 - Hypothyroidism | 294 | ||
| 17.4.1 - Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) | 294 | ||
| 17.4.2 - Acquired hypothyroidism | 295 | ||
| 17.5 - Neonatal Grave’s disease | 296 | ||
| 17.6 - Hyperthyroidism | 296 | ||
| 17.6.1 - Graves’ Disease | 296 | ||
| 17.7 - Hypoparathyroidism | 297 | ||
| 17.8 - Cushing syndrome | 298 | ||
| 17.9 - Adrenal insufficiency | 299 | ||
| 17.10 - Congenital adrenal hyperplasia | 300 | ||
| 17.11 - 21-Hydroxylase deficiency | 301 | ||
| Online supplementary materials: | 302 | ||
| Chapter 18 - Pediatric oncology | 303 | ||
| 18.1 - Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) | 303 | ||
| 18.2 - Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) | 306 | ||
| 18.3 - Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) | 309 | ||
| 18.4 - Hodgkin lymphoma | 310 | ||
| 18.5 - Non-hodgkin leukemia | 311 | ||
| 18.6 - Retinoblastoma | 313 | ||
| 18.7 - Neuroblastoma | 314 | ||
| 18.8 - Rhabdomyosarcoma | 316 | ||
| 18.9 - Brain tumors | 316 | ||
| 18.9.1 - Astrocytoma | 316 | ||
| 18.9.2 - Medulloblastoma | 317 | ||
| 18.9.3 - Craniopharyngioma | 317 | ||
| 18.10 - Childhood histiocytosis | 317 | ||
| 18.11 - Wilms tumor | 318 | ||
| Online supplementary materials: | 320 | ||
| Chapter 19 - Dermatology | 321 | ||
| 19.1 - Skin physiology | 321 | ||
| 19.2 - Benign skin lesions in newborn | 321 | ||
| 19.2.1 - Acrocyanosis | 321 | ||
| 19.2.2 - Cutis marmorata | 321 | ||
| 19.2.3 - Harlequin color change | 321 | ||
| 19.2.4 - Erythema toxicum neonatorum (ETN) | 322 | ||
| 19.2.5 - Subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn | 322 | ||
| 19.2.6 - Mongolian spots | 322 | ||
| 19.2.7 - Miliaria | 322 | ||
| 19.2.8 - Milia | 323 | ||
| 19.3 - Scabies | 324 | ||
| 19.4 - Pediculosis | 324 | ||
| 19.5 - Atopic dermatitis | 324 | ||
| 19.6 - Molluscum contagiosum | 325 | ||
| 19.7 - Diaper dermatitis | 325 | ||
| 19.8 - Pyoderma | 326 | ||
| 19.9 - Epidermolysis bullosa | 327 | ||
| 19.10 - Steven johnson syndrome | 327 | ||
| 19.11 - Toxic epidermal necrolysis | 328 | ||
| 19.12 - Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome | 328 | ||
| 19.13 - Acrodermatitis enteropathica | 329 | ||
| 19.14 - Ichthyosis | 329 | ||
| 19.15 - Hemangioma | 330 | ||
| Online supplementary materials: | 331 | ||
| Chapter 20 - Poisoning and envenomation | 332 | ||
| 20.1 - Poisoning | 332 | ||
| 20.2 - Paracetamol poisoning | 335 | ||
| 20.3 - Kerosene poisoning | 336 | ||
| 20.4 - Lead poisoning (Plumbism) | 337 | ||
| 20.5 - Iron poisoning | 338 | ||
| 20.6 - Snake bite | 339 | ||
| 20.7 - Scorpion sting | 342 | ||
| Online supplementary materials: | 344 | ||
| Chapter 21 - Social pediatrics | 345 | ||
| 21.1 - Diarrhoea control programme | 345 | ||
| 21.2 - Acute respiratory infection (ARI) control programme | 346 | ||
| 21.3 - Reproductive and child health programme | 348 | ||
| 21.4 - IMNCI (integrated management of neonatal and childhood illness) | 348 | ||
| 21.5 - Acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) surveillance | 350 | ||
| 21.6 - Child neglect and abuse | 351 | ||
| 21.7 - Adoption | 351 | ||
| 21.8 - National Rural Health Mission | 352 | ||
| 21.9 - Nutritional programmes related to child health | 353 | ||
| Online supplementary materials: | 354 | ||
| Index | 355 |