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Biopolitical Governance

Biopolitical Governance

Hannah Richter

(2018)

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Abstract

For years critical theorists and Foucauldian biopolitical theorists have argued against the Aristotelian idea that life and politics inhabit two separate domains. In the context of receding social security systems and increasing economic inequality, within contemporary liberal democracies, life is necessarily political.

This collection brings together contributions from both established scholars and researchers working at the forefront of biopolitical theory, gendered and sexualised governance and the politics of race and migration, to better understand the central lines along which the body of the governed is produced, controlled or excluded.


By testing the limits of the notion of population, this collection of essays shows that Foucault’s biopolitics continues to inspire original research. Gender, race and economy are constitutive elements of biopolitical governance, but they also produce unpredictable assemblages that a unified understanding of population does not capture. An exciting reading for both supporters and opposers of Foucault’s biopolitics.
Federico Luisetti, Professor of Italian Studies, University of St. Gallen
Hannah Richter should be congratulated on gathering such a rich collection of research, analysing the biopolitical mechanisms of racialisation and gender/sexual normalisation and their specific operational logics. This is a major contribution to Foucauldian scholarship, with contemporary explorations of how both governmental and resistant power are produced at the bodily intersection of race, sex, gender, economic value and citizenship status.
David Chandler, Professor of International Relations, University of Westminster
Hannah Richter is Lecturer in Politics and International Relations at the University of Hertfordshire, UK, as well as PhD Candidate in Political and Social Thought at the University of Kent, UK.
Richter and colleagues provide a timely engagement with the often-forgotten problem of embodied governmental production. By creatively challenging the continuous, if normalised, splitting of the two bodies of governmental power, they offer a fresh perspective from which to think about the politically productive body of the governed. Their work pushes the problem of the valuation of life two steps further.
Luis Lobo-Guerrero, Professor of History and Theory of International Relations, University of Groningen
A theoretically sophisticated and empirically original text. Its authors argue with and beyond Foucault on both counts. Most especially useful is the way the text covers the areas that Foucault, and others, have been most criticised for neglecting. Populations and bodies are not what they used to be. Richter and her contributors take biopolitical analysis into a new age.
Michael Dillon, Emeritus Professor of Politics, Lancaster University

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Cover i
Biopolitical Governance ii
Global Political Economies of Gender and Sexuality iii
Biopolitical Governance: Race, Gender and Economy iv
Contents vi
Introduction 1
Notes 15
Bibliography 16
The Politics of Life beyond Foucault 19
Chapter 1 21
Foucault and the Two Approaches to Biopolitics 21
Man Is Dead, Long Live Man 24
Animalisation 25
Outside 27
Another Foucault 30
The Impatience for Life 31
Biopolitics of Error 34
The Dancing God 36
Notes 37
Bibliography 38
Chapter 2 41
The Life Function 41
Foucault’s Genealogies of Race \nand Sexuality 43
Sexuality and Death 45
Heterosexuality: From Death to Life 49
The Re-Oedipalisation of Homosexuality 52
Conclusion 54
Notes 55
Bibliography 56
Chapter 3 59
‘Measurement of Life’ 59
Colonialism and Biology: Revisiting Foucault’s Society Must Be Defended 61
The Numerical Order of Race I: From Nazism to European Colonialism 66
The Numerical Order of Race II: Japanese \nColonialism in East Asia 67
Conclusion 72
Notes 73
Bibliography 74
Mapping Intersectional Geographies of \nthe Body: Race, Gender, Sexuality, Economy 77
Chapter 4 79
Homo Sacer Is Syrian 79
Exception and Exclusion: The Two Faces of Agamben’s Ontologico-Political Machine 81
The Liminal Refugee: Resistance beyond Desubjectification, Governance beyond Exclusion 85
The Kinopolitics of the Movement-Image 88
Opening Up the Frame: Resistance in the Time-Image of Refugee Movement 92
Notes 95
Bibliography 96
Chapter 5 99
The Biopolitical Economy of ‘Guest’ Worker Programmes 99
The Demographics of Canada’s Temporary Foreign Worker Program 100
Biopolitical Dimensions of Canada’s Temporary Foreign Worker Program 104
Biological Labour 106
Devitalised Labourers 110
Conclusion 114
Notes 115
Bibliography 118
Chapter 6 121
The Biopolitics of Donation 121
‘Between Thanatopolitics and Biopolitics’: Human Tissue Donation 126
The Performative Figure of the ‘Clinical Labourer’ 129
Governmentality and Maternal Subjects 133
Biopolitics of the Body: Concluding Remarks 134
Note 135
Bibliography 135
Chapter 7 139
Mapping the Will for Otherwise 139
Self-Formation in China’s Whirlwind Changes 142
The Gendered, Classed and Heterosexualised ‘Aspiring Fantasy’ 148
Racialised Self-Reformation for Otherwise 151
Conclusion 155
Notes 155
Bibliography 156
Embodied Life: Erasure, Contagion, Immunisation 161
Chapter 8 163
On the Government of Bisexual Bodies 163
From Biopolitics to Queer Necropolitics: Gender, Sexuality and Postcolonial Asylum 167
From Biopolitics to Necropolitics 168
Vulnerability, Disposability and Killability 170
Bisexuality, Bisexual Erasure and the Asylum Process 171
The Problem with ‘Sexual Orientation’ 173
Defining ‘Particular Social Groups’ and the Troubles of Bisexuals 174
‘Immutability’ and Visibility 175
The ‘LGBT’ Acronym: Discourse and Advocacy 177
‘Well-Founded Fear of Persecution’ and Discretion Reasoning 178
Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity—A Mixed Blessing 179
Conclusion—Biopolitics, Necropolitics and the Asylum System 182
Notes 183
Bibliography 183
Chapter 9 191
A Death-bound Subject 191
The Revelation of Mass Graves in Kashmir 193
Social Death: Continuum of Death and Disposability 196
Mushtaaq Chaacha: A Death-bound Subject 203
Conclusion 206
Notes 207
Bibliography 209
Chapter 10 211
Biopolicing the Crisis 211
Episodes of Governmental Action in the Crisis 212
Crisis, Policing and Hegemony 214
Security, Biopolicing and Neoliberal Governmentality 215
Exception and Immunisation in Neoliberal Crisis Management 218
Biopolitics, Abjection and Fantasy 226
Conclusion 229
Notes 230
Bibliography 231
Chapter 11 235
Suffocation and the Logic of Immunopolitics 235
The Immunopolitics Vignette 235
Life after Sovereignty? 237
Biopolitics at Work: From Immunity \nto Immunopolitics 240
Singularities and the Politics of Separation 245
Conclusion 250
Notes 250
Bibliography 252