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Book Details
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| CONTENTS | ix | ||
| Preface | v | ||
| Introduction | xi | ||
| Chapter 1 In the Beginning was the Problem | 1 | ||
| 1.1 At the Source | 1 | ||
| 1.2 Types of Problems | 2 | ||
| 1.3 Erotetics | 3 | ||
| 1.4 The Search for Research Problems | 6 | ||
| 1.5 Problem System | 11 | ||
| Chapter 2 Scientific Research Projects | 13 | ||
| 2.1 Scientists Work on Research Projects | 14 | ||
| 2.2 Research Team | 15 | ||
| 2.3 Analysis of the Concept of a Research Project | 16 | ||
| 2.4 Research Programs: Successful, Failed, and In-Between | 19 | ||
| 2.5 Science: Authentic and Bogus | 24 | ||
| 2.6 The Received View of Science | 25 | ||
| 2.7 Phenomenalism Hinders the Advancement of Knowledge | 27 | ||
| 2.7.1 Heliocentrism | 28 | ||
| 2.7.2 Atomism | 29 | ||
| 2.7.3 Biological evolution | 30 | ||
| 2.7.4 Quanta: from observation to quantum theory and back | 31 | ||
| 2.8 Scientificity: Demarcation Problem | 32 | ||
| Chapter 3 Evaluation of Results | 35 | ||
| 3.1 Success Criterion: New Truths | 35 | ||
| 3.2 Falsifying Falsifiabilism | 38 | ||
| 3.3 Empirical Corroboration Is Not Enough | 40 | ||
| 3.4 Scientificity Indicators | 42 | ||
| 3.5 Excursus: From Wöhler’s Serendipity to Ioannides’s Bombshell\r | 44 | ||
| 3.6 The Computer’s Roles | 45 | ||
| 3.7 Demarcation Again | 47 | ||
| Chapter 4 Science and Society | 51 | ||
| 4.1 From Lonely Genius to Research Team | 51 | ||
| 4.2 The Research Team | 53 | ||
| 4.3 Scientific Controversy | 53 | ||
| 4.4 Postmodernist Travesties | 55 | ||
| Chapter 5 Axiomatics | 59 | ||
| 5.1 Intuitive and Axiomatic Reasonings | 59 | ||
| 5.2 The Models Muddle | 61 | ||
| 5.3 Axiomatic vs. Heuristic Formulations of Theories | 63 | ||
| 5.4 Dual Axiomatics: Formal and Semantic | 65 | ||
| 5.5 The Vulgar View on Quantum Physics | 68 | ||
| 5.6 Reasoning from Principles Instead of Quoting Scripture | 71 | ||
| 5.7 The Mental: Brain Process, Information Transfer, or Illusion? | 72 | ||
| 5.8 Axiomatic Theory of Solidarity | 74 | ||
| 5.9 Virtues of Dual Axiomatics | 76 | ||
| Coda | 77 | ||
| Chapter 6 Existences | 79 | ||
| 6.1 Introduction: It’s Not | 79 | ||
| 6.2 Real Existence: Concept and Criterion | 80 | ||
| 6.3 Conceptual Existence | 82 | ||
| 6.4 Semiotic Existence | 84 | ||
| 6.5 Fantastic Existence | 85 | ||
| 6.6 Surrealism | 87 | ||
| Coda | 87 | ||
| Chapter 7 Reality Checks | 91 | ||
| 7.1 Facts, Data, and Peta | 91 | ||
| 7.2 Indicators | 93 | ||
| 7.3 Theoretical Models | 96 | ||
| 7.4. Philosophy in the Lab: From Empiricism to Realism | 98 | ||
| 7.5 Induction, Deduction, or Abduction? | 99 | ||
| 7.6 Evidence-Based Philosophy? | 101 | ||
| Chapter 8 Realisms | 103 | ||
| 8.1 No Science Without Facts and Factual Truths | 103 | ||
| 8.2 The Realist Thesis | 104 | ||
| 8.3 Phenomenalism and Phenomenology | 106 | ||
| 8.4 Irrealism Is Recent and Inherent in Empiricism | 107 | ||
| 8.5 Hermeneutics and Computationism | 107 | ||
| 8.6 Confusion Between Fact and Phenomenon | 108 | ||
| 8.7 Kant’s Indecision | 109 | ||
| 8.8 Refutations of Irrealism | 110 | ||
| 8.9 Scientific Research Presupposes Realism | 111 | ||
| 8.10 From Herodotus to Quantics | 112 | ||
| 8.11 Practical Philosophy: Six Realisms | 113 | ||
| 8.12 The Antimetaphysical Reaction | 116 | ||
| 8.13 Dematerializing the Sciences of Matter | 117 | ||
| 8.14 Joining Metaphyics with Epistemology | 119 | ||
| Coda | 120 | ||
| Chapter 9 Materialisms: From Mechanism to Systemism | 123 | ||
| 9.1 From Early Materialisms to the Scientific Revolution | 123 | ||
| 9.2 Descartes, the Anomalous Philosopher-Scientist | 124 | ||
| 9.3 Materialism Among the Philosophers | 125 | ||
| 9.4 Max Weber, Antimaterialist but Realist by Half | 126 | ||
| 9.5 The Reception of Materialism by Modern Scientists | 128 | ||
| 9.6 Naturalism, a Precursor of Systemic Materialism | 131 | ||
| 9.7 The Supranatural Order | 132 | ||
| 9.8 Systemic or Total Materialism | 134 | ||
| Coda | 135 | ||
| Chapter 10 Scientism | 137 | ||
| 10.1 Scientism Misunderstood and Slandered | 137 | ||
| 10.2 Enlightenment Scientism | 138 | ||
| 10.3 Counter-Enlightenment Anti-Scientism | 140 | ||
| 10.4 Testing Anti-Scientism | 142 | ||
| 10.5 The Philosophical Matrix of Scientific Research | 143 | ||
| 10.6 What’s So Special About Science? | 146 | ||
| Chapter 11 Technology, Science, and Politics | 149 | ||
| 11.1 Defining and Placing Technology | 149 | ||
| 11.2 Technology and Science as the Engines of Modernity | 151 | ||
| 11.3 Technoscience? | 152 | ||
| 11.4 Technophilia and Technophobia | 153 | ||
| 11.5 The Moral and Political Aspects of Technology | 154 | ||
| 11.6 Genuine and Bogus Knowledge | 156 | ||
| 11.7 Science and Philosophy: An Odd Couple | 157 | ||
| Coda | 159 | ||
| Appendix 1 Freeing Free Will: A Neuroscientific Perspective | 161 | ||
| A1.1 The Notion of Free Will: Origins and Traditional Assumptions | 162 | ||
| A1.2 The Resilience of the Original FW Conception in Cognitive Neuroscience | 164 | ||
| A1.3 A New (Neurocognitive) Outlook on FW | 167 | ||
| A1.3.1 FW is not an all-or-nothing faculty | 168 | ||
| A1.3.2 As a non-contradictory, emergent property of unconsciousness\r | 169 | ||
| A1.3.3 Determination and self-determination as co-existing constraints of FW\r | 170 | ||
| A1.4 Toward a Non-Mosaic View of FW Supported by Network Science\r | 171 | ||
| A1.5 Conclusions | 172 | ||
| Acknowledgments | 173 | ||
| References | 174 | ||
| Appendix 2 The Philosophy of Mind Needs a Better Metaphysics | 177 | ||
| A2.1 Introduction | 177 | ||
| A2.2 The Materialist Metaphysics of Mario Bunge | 178 | ||
| A2.2.1 Things and properties | 178 | ||
| A2.2.2 States | 183 | ||
| A2.2.3 Events and processes | 185 | ||
| A2.2.4 Causes | 186 | ||
| A2.3 Systems and Mechanisms | 187 | ||
| A2.4 Why Many Metaphysical Approaches Are Unsatisfactory | 191 | ||
| A2.5 Zombies and Thinking Machines | 192 | ||
| References | 196 | ||
| References | 199 | ||
| Index | 211 |