Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
This exciting new book, firmly embedded in the management discipline, equips students and future managers of tourism with both the business skills and an understanding of tourism, which will enhance their employment prospects within the dynamic industry.
The Business of Tourism Management(BOTM) provides an introduction to key aspects of tourism, and to the practice of managing a tourism business. It explores the functions of management within the world of tourism, showing how tourism as a business has evolved, how the tourism and travel industry is structured, and how tourism businesses operate within their political, economic and socio-cultural environments.
Written and contributed by leading academics and practitioners in the UK, Europeand Australia,The Business of Tourism Management is ideal for both undergraduate and postgraduate students of tourism management.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cover | Cover | ||
| The Business of Tourism Management | i | ||
| Contents | vii | ||
| Figures | xii | ||
| Tables | xiii | ||
| Case studies | xv | ||
| About the authors | xvii | ||
| Preface | xxiii | ||
| Acknowledgements | xxv | ||
| Abbreviations | xxvii | ||
| Useful websites | xxviii | ||
| Part 1 The context of tourism | 1 | ||
| Introduction – the unique evolution of tourism as ‘business’ | 3 | ||
| Learning outcomes | 3 | ||
| Overview | 3 | ||
| Early travel | 3 | ||
| Some basic concepts | 4 | ||
| Early tourism businesses | 7 | ||
| Tourism as an evolutionary process | 11 | ||
| Tourism flows | 13 | ||
| The role of management in tourism businesses | 15 | ||
| Conclusion | 16 | ||
| Guided reading | 17 | ||
| Recommended websites | 17 | ||
| Key words | 18 | ||
| Bibliography | 18 | ||
| The structure of the tourism and travel industry | 21 | ||
| Learning outcomes | 21 | ||
| Overview | 21 | ||
| Introduction: foundations of analysis | 22 | ||
| Applying industry analysis to contemporary tourism | 24 | ||
| Development of mass markets | 31 | ||
| Further organisational analysis of operators in tourism | 33 | ||
| Conclusion: trends in tourism industry structure | 35 | ||
| Guided reading | 38 | ||
| Recommended websites | 38 | ||
| Key words | 39 | ||
| Bibliography | 39 | ||
| The role of the state in tourism | 41 | ||
| Learning outcomes | 41 | ||
| Overview | 41 | ||
| Introduction | 41 | ||
| What is the state? | 42 | ||
| Theories of the state: a brief introduction | 47 | ||
| Tourism and the state | 51 | ||
| Promoting sex tourism: what role for the state? | 53 | ||
| Conclusion | 54 | ||
| Guided reading | 55 | ||
| Recommended websites | 56 | ||
| Key words | 56 | ||
| Bibliography | 56 | ||
| Part 2 Business functions applied to tourism | 59 | ||
| Organisational behaviour in tourism businesses | 61 | ||
| Learning outcomes | 61 | ||
| Overview | 61 | ||
| Organising and organisations | 61 | ||
| What is an organisation? | 63 | ||
| Bureaucracy | 65 | ||
| Alternatives to bureaucracy | 69 | ||
| When bureaucracy may be appropriate and when it may not | 71 | ||
| A ‘systems’ perspective on organisational design | 72 | ||
| Groups and teams | 74 | ||
| Structure, behaviour, culture and communication – how they all come together | 82 | ||
| Conclusion | 83 | ||
| Guided reading | 86 | ||
| Recommended websites | 86 | ||
| Key words | 86 | ||
| Bibliography | 86 | ||
| Human resource management in tourism businesses | 89 | ||
| Learning outcomes | 89 | ||
| Overview | 89 | ||
| Introduction | 90 | ||
| Why is HR such an important issue in the tourism industry? | 90 | ||
| Hiring and firing employees | 94 | ||
| Inspiring employees: motivation | 103 | ||
| Holistic HR integration for tourism business success | 106 | ||
| Conclusion: future HR challenges for the tourism industry | 109 | ||
| Guided reading | 110 | ||
| Recommended websites | 110 | ||
| Key words | 111 | ||
| Bibliography | 111 | ||
| Marketing in tourism | 115 | ||
| Learning outcomes | 115 | ||
| Overview | 115 | ||
| Introduction | 116 | ||
| The services-marketing approach | 116 | ||
| Intangibility | 117 | ||
| Inseparability | 122 | ||
| Variability | 123 | ||
| Understanding buyer behaviour | 129 | ||
| Relationship management | 131 | ||
| Branding | 133 | ||
| Distribution | 133 | ||
| Physical evidence in selling tourism | 135 | ||
| Promotion | 135 | ||
| Marketing planning | 137 | ||
| Conclusion | 138 | ||
| Guided reading | 139 | ||
| Recommended websites | 139 | ||
| Key words | 140 | ||
| Bibliography | 140 | ||
| Finance and accounting for tourism | 143 | ||
| Learning outcomes | 143 | ||
| Overview | 143 | ||
| Introduction to the tourism business | 144 | ||
| Understanding financial statements | 145 | ||
| Understanding and application of cost concepts | 154 | ||
| Evaluating business performance | 166 | ||
| Preparing and evaluating a business plan | 173 | ||
| Conclusion | 175 | ||
| Guided reading | 175 | ||
| Recommended websites | 176 | ||
| Key words | 176 | ||
| Bibliography | 176 | ||
| Managing a small non-profit tourism organisation | 179 | ||
| Learning outcomes | 179 | ||
| Overview | 179 | ||
| What are small non-profit tourist organisations? | 180 | ||
| Managing small non-profit tourist attractions | 185 | ||
| Managing revenue streams | 187 | ||
| Market targeting decisions | 189 | ||
| Designing low-budget promotional approaches | 191 | ||
| Conclusion | 194 | ||
| Guided reading | 195 | ||
| Recommended websites | 195 | ||
| Key words | 196 | ||
| Bibliography | 197 | ||
| Analysis of the business environment and strategy in tourism | 199 | ||
| Learning outcomes | 199 | ||
| Overview | 199 | ||
| Introduction | 199 | ||
| The scale and importance of tourism | 199 | ||
| The context of strategy in travel and tourism | 202 | ||
| So what is strategy and why is it important? | 204 | ||
| The importance of strategic thinking | 209 | ||
| The strategic planning process | 210 | ||
| Analysing industry environments | 213 | ||
| Internal analysis | 217 | ||
| Tourism lifecycle (TLC) analysis | 217 | ||
| Assessment of value creation | 218 | ||
| Assessment of capabilities and competences | 221 | ||
| SWOT analysis | 221 | ||
| TOWS matrix for generating strategies | 221 | ||
| Conclusion | 223 | ||
| Guided reading | 223 | ||
| Recommended websites | 223 | ||
| Key words | 224 | ||
| Bibliography | 224 | ||
| Quality and yield management in tourism businesses | 227 | ||
| Learning outcomes | 227 | ||
| Overview | 227 | ||
| Operations management | 228 | ||
| Quality management in tourism: an operations management perspective | 230 | ||
| Capacity management | 238 | ||
| Conclusion | 242 | ||
| Guided reading | 243 | ||
| Recommended websites | 243 | ||
| Key words | 243 | ||
| Bibliography | 243 | ||
| Information technology and management information systems in tourism | 247 | ||
| Learning outcomes | 247 | ||
| Overview | 247 | ||
| Introduction: eTourism – ICTs and tourism dynamic interaction | 247 | ||
| Information communication technologies used in tourism businesses | 251 | ||
| Computer Reservation Systems (CRSs) and Global Distribution Systems (GDSs) as the backbone of tourism distribution | 253 | ||
| The internet and tourism business | 255 | ||
| Conclusion: using ICTs for tourism businesses’ strategic advantage | 257 | ||
| Guided reading | 258 | ||
| Recommended websites | 259 | ||
| Key words | 260 | ||
| Bibliography | 260 | ||
| Part 3 Management issues specific to tourism businesses | 263 | ||
| Tourism businesses and the law | 265 | ||
| Learning outcomes | 265 | ||
| Overview | 265 | ||
| Introduction | 266 | ||
| Legal principles | 267 | ||
| Conclusion | 280 | ||
| Legal research – case citations | 281 | ||
| Guided reading | 282 | ||
| Recommended websites | 283 | ||
| Key words | 283 | ||
| Bibliography | 284 | ||
| Visitor attraction management | 287 | ||
| Learning outcomes | 287 | ||
| Overview | 287 | ||
| Introduction | 287 | ||
| Pressures facing visitor attractions | 290 | ||
| Management responses | 296 | ||
| Conclusion | 300 | ||
| Guided reading | 301 | ||
| Recommended websites | 301 | ||
| Key words | 301 | ||
| Bibliography | 301 | ||
| Sports tourism | 305 | ||
| Learning outcomes | 305 | ||
| Overview | 305 | ||
| Introduction | 305 | ||
| The sports tourism concept | 307 | ||
| Sports tourism provision | 308 | ||
| Sports tourism impacts | 313 | ||
| Policy development for the sport–tourism link | 315 | ||
| Conclusion | 318 | ||
| Guided reading | 318 | ||
| Recommended websites | 319 | ||
| Key words | 319 | ||
| Bibliography | 319 | ||
| The economic impact of tourism | 323 | ||
| Learning outcomes | 323 | ||
| Overview | 323 | ||
| Tourism and economic development | 324 | ||
| State versus the private sector | 326 | ||
| Cost–benefit analysis | 327 | ||
| Key economic impacts of tourism | 328 | ||
| Multiplier effects | 332 | ||
| Conclusion | 334 | ||
| Guided reading | 335 | ||
| Recommended websites | 336 | ||
| Key words | 336 | ||
| Bibliography | 336 | ||
| Managing sociocultural impacts of tourism | 339 | ||
| Learning outcomes | 339 | ||
| Overview | 339 | ||
| Introduction | 339 | ||
| Sociocultural impacts of tourism | 340 | ||
| Managing sociocultural impacts | 345 | ||
| Conclusion | 353 | ||
| Guided reading | 354 | ||
| Recommended websites | 354 | ||
| Key words | 355 | ||
| Bibliography | 355 | ||
| Managing the environmental impacts of tourism | 359 | ||
| Learning outcomes | 359 | ||
| Overview | 359 | ||
| Negative impacts | 360 | ||
| Behaviour of tourism user-groups of natural resources | 362 | ||
| The positive effects | 363 | ||
| Environmental management | 364 | ||
| Codes of conduct and environmental education | 369 | ||
| Conclusion | 372 | ||
| Guided reading | 373 | ||
| Recommended websites | 373 | ||
| Key words | 373 | ||
| Bibliography | 373 | ||
| The accommodation subsector | 377 | ||
| Learning outcomes | 377 | ||
| Overview | 377 | ||
| Introduction | 378 | ||
| Accommodation supply | 378 | ||
| Accommodation demand | 380 | ||
| Accommodation types | 383 | ||
| Hotel unit operations and performance | 387 | ||
| Prices for accommodation and elasticity of demand | 388 | ||
| Independent and chain hotels | 390 | ||
| Location | 393 | ||
| Conclusion | 394 | ||
| Guided reading | 395 | ||
| Recommended websites | 396 | ||
| Key words | 396 | ||
| Bibliography | 396 | ||
| Mass tourism businesses 1: tour operators | 399 | ||
| Learning outcomes | 399 | ||
| Overview | 399 | ||
| Introduction: the history and importance of tour operations | 399 | ||
| The package holiday or inclusive tour: definitions, diversity and development | 402 | ||
| Benefits to principals and consumers | 404 | ||
| Market structure and (anti)competitive conditions: the polarisation of the tour operating sector into large ‘mass’ and small ‘niche’ operators | 405 | ||
| Consumer protection: licensing/bonding and regulation | 410 | ||
| Conclusion: whither the tour operator? | 411 | ||
| Guided reading | 412 | ||
| Recommended websites | 412 | ||
| Key words | 413 | ||
| Bibliography | 413 | ||
| Mass tourism businesses 2: travel agents | 415 | ||
| Learning outcomes | 415 | ||
| Overview | 415 | ||
| Introduction | 415 | ||
| The role of travel agents | 416 | ||
| Travel agencies and their use of information technology | 423 | ||
| Customer care | 428 | ||
| The changing competitive environment | 432 | ||
| The role of stakeholders and their effect on travel agency businesses | 435 | ||
| Conclusion | 438 | ||
| Guided reading | 438 | ||
| Recommended websites | 438 | ||
| Key words | 438 | ||
| Bibliography | 439 | ||
| Managing the transport subsector in tourism | 443 | ||
| Learning outcomes | 443 | ||
| Overview | 443 | ||
| Introduction | 443 | ||
| Transport management in the United Kingdom | 444 | ||
| Managing transport by road | 446 | ||
| Managing transport by rail | 449 | ||
| Managing transport by air | 450 | ||
| Managing transport by water | 454 | ||
| Discussion – business and leisure travel | 456 | ||
| Conclusion | 457 | ||
| Guided reading | 458 | ||
| Recommended websites | 459 | ||
| Key words | 459 | ||
| Bibliography | 459 | ||
| Developing mass tourism in developing nations | 463 | ||
| Learning outcomes | 463 | ||
| Overview | 463 | ||
| Tourism performance in developing nations | 464 | ||
| Tourism and development | 466 | ||
| Impacts of mass tourism on developing nations | 471 | ||
| Conclusion | 480 | ||
| Guided reading | 481 | ||
| Recommended websites | 481 | ||
| Key words | 481 | ||
| Bibliography | 481 | ||
| The management of heritage and cultural tourism | 485 | ||
| Learning outcomes | 485 | ||
| Overview | 485 | ||
| Introduction | 486 | ||
| International considerations | 487 | ||
| European considerations | 488 | ||
| National considerations | 490 | ||
| Interpretation | 492 | ||
| Heritage and cultural attractions | 493 | ||
| Heritage and cultural management | 497 | ||
| Staff and training | 498 | ||
| Funding | 499 | ||
| Discussion | 500 | ||
| Conclusion | 503 | ||
| Guided reading | 504 | ||
| Recommended websites | 504 | ||
| Key words | 505 | ||
| Bibliography | 505 | ||
| Conclusion – the future of the tourism industry | 509 | ||
| Learning outcomes | 509 | ||
| Overview | 509 | ||
| Introduction | 509 | ||
| Tourism satellite accounts | 511 | ||
| Visions of the future – tourism | 513 | ||
| Visions of the future – tourists | 518 | ||
| Strategic implications of emergent themes and trends | 520 | ||
| Conclusion | 524 | ||
| Guided reading | 524 | ||
| Recommended websites | 525 | ||
| Key words | 525 | ||
| Bibliography | 525 | ||
| Endcases | 527 | ||
| Index of end cases | 528 | ||
| Matrix of end cases | 529 | ||
| Glossary | 554 | ||
| Bibliography | 560 | ||
| Index | 562 |