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Book Details
Abstract
Interventions and educational approaches for children with autism spectrum disorders have developed in response to the different models for how autism has been constructed and understood. This book explores the evolving theories on autism and how these have impacted the interventions and outcomes in education. Drawing on 30 years of professional experience and detailed research, Harvey exposes the myths around autism, advocates for understanding autism as difference rather than impairment, and provides practical guidance on teaching and learning, behaviour management, addressing sensory and physical needs of children with ASD. This accessible overview shows how to put autism research into practice, learn from historic mistakes and create the most supportive environment for children on the autism spectrum.
I congratulate Dr Catherine Harvey for this thought-provoking journey through the history of autism and for highlighting the various therapies and interventions that have evolved over many years. It is also a very worthwhile reference book for parents and professionals, and will encourage us to question our own awareness and knowledge.
Dr Pat Matthews, Executive Director, the Irish Society for Autism
The author provides a comprehensive and comprehensible overview of theory and practice to help teachers make better-informed choices between educational methods and approaches to meet the needs of their pupils with autism. I endorse her exhortation: 'May we all strive to put the humanity of others before their diagnosis.
Marie Huxtable, Visiting Research Fellow, University of Cumbria
Catherine Harvey has over 30 years' experience teaching primary and secondary students, specialising in SEN and supporting children with autism. She holds degrees in Psychology and Education, and a professional doctorate from Liverpool Hope University.
This book is an inspiration. It contains a vision of autism as different to a disorder or an impairment; a pedagogy designed around the strengths of minds with autism.
Dr. Jack Whitehead, Visiting Professor of Education, University of Cumbria
It is a rare and sensitive person who can share a lifetime of human experience illuminated by research and allow the reader access to new thinking. This book offers the complex world of autism serious reflections in unexpected and creative ways. Scholarship written with sensitivity.
Professor Bart McGettrick, Emeritus Professor of Education, University of Glasgow
As the parent of a daughter who is on the autistic spectrum, I found the book informative and wished that I had read it when she was first diagnosed.
Surrinder Sandham Bains, Health Professional/Parent Carer
This book offers readers - whether they are teachers, psychologists, parents or academics - a remarkable level of heartfelt insight. It has the emotional literacy that is often absent from texts in this area ... with supporting wider evidence, born from a career well spent in the service of children and education.
Dr Toby Brandon, Reader in Disability and Mental Health, Department of Social Work and Community Wellbeing, Northumbria University
Catherine's writing ... gently draws you into scrutinising the assumptions, values and beliefs that underpin your own understandings for practice - she really makes you think - and that for me is the marker of a truly valuable book.
Dr Tina Cook, Professorial Fellow, Department of Disability and Education, Liverpool Hope University
I had the pleasure of working with Catherine Harvey during her teaching career: this book encapsulates the progressive, holistic approach she herself practised when educating children with AS and working closely with families. I recommend this book to fellow speech and language therapists interested in supporting children in schools. It should be a core text for trainee teachers. I would also recommend this book for parents whose children have been newly diagnosed as it delivers up-to-date classification information and theories with a wealth of personal practical school-based experience in an easy-to-read format.
Louise Gallagher Sterritt, Speech & Language Therapist and Doctoral student.
Table of Contents
Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
---|---|---|---|
Difference Not Disorder: Understanding Autism Theory in Practice by Catherine Harvey | 3 | ||
Preface | 13 | ||
Part I. Autism History and Theory: Thinking and Constructs Underpinning Autism as We Know It Today | 17 | ||
1. What If We Got It Wrong? | 19 | ||
Introduction | 19 | ||
The Book’s Origin: What If We Got It Wrong? | 19 | ||
What Is Autism? The Core Differences | 24 | ||
Note | 28 | ||
2. Autism: A Recent Story | 29 | ||
Introduction | 29 | ||
Autism: The Past | 30 | ||
The Emotional and Environmental Theory | 30 | ||
The Ecological Theory | 32 | ||
The Genetic/Organic Theory | 36 | ||
Autism: The Present | 36 | ||
The DSM-5 | 44 | ||
Autism: The Future | 48 | ||
Notes | 48 | ||
3. Autism Approaches: Origins and Insights | 51 | ||
Introduction | 51 | ||
Approaches Stemming from the Emotional and Environmental Theorists | 51 | ||
The Son-Rise Program (SRP) | 52 | ||
Intensive Interaction | 55 | ||
Floortime | 57 | ||
Final Thoughts on Approaches Stemming from the Emotional and Environmental Theorists | 60 | ||
Approaches Stemming from Emotional and Environmental to Physiological and Environmental Theorists | 62 | ||
Vaccine Causes | 62 | ||
Bowel Disease Causes | 64 | ||
Amalgam Causes | 66 | ||
Hyper-Immunity and Other Immune System Causes | 70 | ||
Allergies and Food Intolerances and/or Sensitivity Causes | 73 | ||
Food Allergies | 73 | ||
Food Intolerances | 76 | ||
Yeast and Candida Causes | 76 | ||
Bacterial Infections and Viruses Causes | 77 | ||
Approaches Stemming from the Ethological Theorists | 77 | ||
Approaches Stemming from the Genetic/Organic Theorists | 79 | ||
Behaviourism | 79 | ||
Applied Behavioural Analysis (ABA) | 80 | ||
Ole Ivar Løvaas | 81 | ||
Treatment and Education of Autistic and Related Communication-Handicapped Children (TEACCH) | 83 | ||
The Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) | 84 | ||
Phase 1: How to Communicate | 84 | ||
Phase 2: Distance and Persistence | 85 | ||
Phase 3: Discrimination between Symbols | 85 | ||
Phase 4: Using Phrases | 86 | ||
Phase 5: Answering a Direct Question | 87 | ||
Phase 6: Commenting | 87 | ||
Final Thoughts on Approaches Stemming from the Genetic/Organic Theorists | 88 | ||
Note | 89 | ||
4. A Changed Socio-Culture or Impairment Increase | 91 | ||
Introduction | 91 | ||
Impairment or Difference | 93 | ||
Increased Prevalence or a Changing Society | 94 | ||
Increased Prevalence or Changes in Social Constructions of Children and Childhood | 96 | ||
Increased Prevalence or Changes in Socio-Educational Models | 98 | ||
Increased Prevalence or Changing Expectations of Developmental Stages | 106 | ||
Increased Prevalence or Earlier Identification | 110 | ||
Increased Prevalence or Diagnostic Changes | 110 | ||
Increased Prevalence or Movement from Social Entertainment to Information Technology | 112 | ||
Notes | 115 | ||
Part II. Understanding the Theory of Autism as Difference in practice | 117 | ||
5. School and Children with Autism | 119 | ||
Introduction | 119 | ||
A School for All | 119 | ||
Guidelines and Practices for Schools Fit to Serve Children with Autism (and Visual Learners) | 121 | ||
Whole School Approaches | 121 | ||
De-Stress Strategies/Practices | 124 | ||
A Sense of Place/Belonging for All | 127 | ||
Speech Reduction | 128 | ||
Visually Aid and Clarify | 128 | ||
Consider Sensory Needs | 138 | ||
Countdown Transitions | 138 | ||
Be Honest and Straightforward | 139 | ||
Be Proactive | 140 | ||
Praise | 142 | ||
Foster Independence | 142 | ||
Teach Change | 146 | ||
Mission Statement for a School Fit to Serve Children with Autism | 148 | ||
Notes | 148 | ||
6. Behaviour Management | 151 | ||
Introduction | 151 | ||
Autism and Challenging Behaviours | 151 | ||
Challenging Behaviours as Communication | 156 | ||
Social Stories™ | 156 | ||
Comic Strips | 158 | ||
Diagrams/Charts | 159 | ||
Challenging Behaviours and Crisis | 160 | ||
Outside Crisis | 161 | ||
Stage 1 | 161 | ||
Stage 2 | 163 | ||
Stage 3 | 164 | ||
Autism, Challenging Behaviours, Transition and Change | 165 | ||
Autism, Challenging Behaviours and School Trips | 168 | ||
Classroom Essentials: Layout and Practices | 169 | ||
An Independent Work Area | 170 | ||
A Structured Play/Hobbies Area | 171 | ||
A Break Area | 172 | ||
A Practice Area | 174 | ||
Other Areas and Considerations | 175 | ||
Notes | 176 | ||
7. Sensory and Physical Needs | 177 | ||
Introduction | 177 | ||
Sensory Needs | 177 | ||
Managing Sensory Needs | 185 | ||
Physical Needs | 187 | ||
Psychomotor Patterning | 189 | ||
Brain Gym | 191 | ||
Neurodevelopmental Theorists | 192 | ||
A Classroom/Home Amalgamation of Exercises | 194 | ||
Brain Buttons | 194 | ||
Hands Out to the Side | 194 | ||
Cross-Crawling | 194 | ||
Tendon Flexing | 194 | ||
Stand Up | 194 | ||
Balancing 1 | 195 | ||
Balancing 2 | 195 | ||
Balancing 3 | 195 | ||
Homo-Lateral Movement | 195 | ||
Cross-Lateral Movement | 195 | ||
Cross-Overs | 195 | ||
Finish | 195 | ||
Visual Orientation and Needs | 196 | ||
Note | 197 | ||
8. Literacy and Mathematical Approaches | 199 | ||
Introduction | 199 | ||
Left-Brain Thinkers | 199 | ||
Literacy | 201 | ||
Reading and Book Skills | 201 | ||
Writing | 202 | ||
Handwriting | 202 | ||
Creative Writing | 202 | ||
Spelling | 202 | ||
Mathematics | 203 | ||
Visual Approach | 203 | ||
Use Personal Interests | 208 | ||
Build from the Concrete to the Abstract and Counter-Check that the Knowable is Rooted in the Doable | 208 | ||
Use Repetitious Patterns | 209 | ||
Use Repetitious Presentation | 209 | ||
The Use and Application of Mathematics | 210 | ||
Shape, Space and Measures | 212 | ||
Numeracy | 214 | ||
Handling Data | 216 | ||
Notes | 217 | ||
Conclusion: What Next? | 219 | ||
Note | 223 | ||
Further Reading | 225 | ||
References | 227 | ||
Subject Index | 235 | ||
Author Index | 239 | ||
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