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Achieving sustainable cultivation of oil palm Volume 1

Achieving sustainable cultivation of oil palm Volume 1

Prof. Alain Rival | Dr Stefano Savi | Dr Choo Yuen May | YewAi Tan | Ahmad Dermawan | Dr Otto Hospes | Pablo Pacheco | Dr Patrice Levang | George Schoneveld | Dr Estelle Jaligot | Dr N Rajanaidu | A. Mohd Din | M. Marhalil | A. Norziha | O. A. Meilina | A. M. Fadila | A. B. Nor Azwani | L. Adelina | H. Zulkifli | S. Wan Salmiah | A. Kushairi | Dr Benoît Cochard | Dr Tristan Durand-Gasselin | Dr Rajinder Singh | Chan Pek Lan | Maizura Ithnin | Umi Salamah Ramli | Prof. Denis J. Murphy | Christopher Teh Boon Sung | Cheah See Siang | Dr Jean-Pierre Caliman | Suhardi | Pujianto | Dr Bernard Dubos | Dr Didier Snoeck | Dr Jean-Marc Roda

(2018)

Additional Information

Abstract

Oil palm is widely cultivated in tropical countries for use in food processing, personal care products and other applications such as biodiesel. Cultivation faces a range of challenges such as its environmental impact (e.g. in deforestation and biodiversity loss) as well threats from pests and diseases. There is an urgent need to make oil palm cultivation more efficient and environmentally sustainable. This collection reviews the key research addressing this challenge.
Volume 1 begins by reviewing trends in production and key challenges facing the sector. Part 2 focusses on developments in understanding oil palm physiology, genetics and genetic diversity and their application to improved breeding techniques. The final part of the book discusses developments in cultivation practices.
With its distinguished editor and international team of expert authors, this collection will be a standard reference for researchers, oil palm growers, palm oil processors as well as government and non-governmental agencies responsible for more sustainable oil palm cultivation. Volume 1 is accompanied by Volume 2 which covers pests and diseases, quality and sustainability issues

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Oil palm is widely cultivated in tropical countries for use in food processing, personal care products and other applications such as biodiesel. Cultivation faces a range of challenges such as its environmental impact (e.g. in deforestation and biodiversity loss) as well threats from pests and diseases. There is an urgent need to make oil palm cultivation more efficient and environmentally sustainable. This collection reviews the key research addressing this challenge.
Volume 1 begins by reviewing trends in production and key challenges facing the sector. Part 2 focusses on developments in understanding oil palm physiology, genetics and genetic diversity and their application to improved breeding techniques. The final part of the book discusses developments in cultivation practices.
With its distinguished editor and international team of expert authors, this collection will be a standard reference for researchers, oil palm growers, palm oil processors as well as government and non-governmental agencies responsible for more sustainable oil palm cultivation. Volume 1 is accompanied by Volume 2 which covers pests and diseases, quality and sustainability issues
‘This collection aims to be as comprehensive as possible in coverage, therefore should be essential reading not only for planters and researchers, but also for those involved with international agencies, governmental institutions, academia and non-profit organisations.’ M. R. Chandran, Advisor and former Vice-President, Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO)

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Contents v
Series list ix
Introduction xiii
Part 1 Setting the scene xiii
Part 2 Plant physiology and breeding xiv
Part 3 Cultivation techniques xv
Part 1 Setting the scene 1
Chapter 1 The palm oil market: growth and trends 3
1 Introduction 2
2 Oil palm cultivation and palm oil production 4
3 Regional oil palm production trends 5
4 Palm oil industry and market 6
5 Ecological impact of palm oil production 8
6 Social impacts 11
7 Conclusion and future trends 11
8 Where to look for further information 13
9 References 13
Chapter 2 Research trends in oil palm cultivation 17
1 Introduction 16
2 Establishment of oil palm as an economic crop 19
3 Yield improvement 19
4 Oil palm genomics and genetic engineering 21
5 Cultivation with minimal environmental impact 23
6 Conclusion 26
7 Where to look for further information 27
8 References 27
Chapter 3 Sustainability pathways in oil palm cultivation: a comparison of Indonesia, Colombia and Cameroon 33
1 Introduction 33
2 Conceptualizing sustainable pathways 34
3 Oil palm production in Indonesia, Colombia and Cameroon 36
4 Sustainable pathways: challenges and initiatives 39
5 The dynamics of sustainability: actors, regulations and practices 42
6 Conclusions: creating sustainable pathways 44
7 Where to look for further information 44
8 References 44
Chapter 4 The palm oil governance complex: progress, problems and gaps 49
1 Introduction 48
2 Conceptual framework: the palm \noil governance complex 51
3 Constituent parts of the palm oil \ngovernance complex 55
4 Critical problems affecting the palm oil \ngovernance complex 61
5 Major gaps in the governance \nof the palm oil sector 64
6 Conclusions 66
7 Where to look for further information 67
8 References 68
Part 2 Plant physiology and breeding 73
Chapter 5 Advances in understanding oil palm reproductive development 75
1 Introduction 74
2 Sex ratio 77
3 Inflorescence and flower development 79
4 Fruit development and maturation and oil composition 82
5 Fruit shedding and oil acidification 83
6 Future trends and conclusion 84
7 Where to look for further information 86
8 References 86
Chapter 6 Diversity in the genetic resources of oil palm 93
1 Introduction 92
2 The genetic base of current breeding materials 95
3 Genetic diversity in oil palm: fruit forms 98
4 Genetic diversity in oil palm: fruit types 100
5 Genetic diversity in oil palm: morphological traits 104
6 Genetic diversity in oil palm: genetic markers 106
7 Conservation of oil palm collections 109
8 Utilization of germ plasm 111
9 Conclusion 113
10 Where to look for further information 113
11 Acknowledgement 113
12 References 113
Chapter 7 Advances in conventional breeding techniques for oil palm 117
1 Introduction 116
2 Early history of oil palm breeding 118
3 Oil palm breeding from the beginning of the 20th Century 121
4 Breeding objectives and methods 123
5 Data collection methods 128
6 Impact of reciprocal recurrent selection (RRS) on oil yield 129
7 Impact of oil palm breeding on other traits and using other methods 133
8 Seed production 135
9 Future trends 138
10 References 140
Chapter 8 Advances in marker-assisted breeding of oil palm 145
1 Introduction 144
2 Application of markers for paternity testing in oil palm 147
3 Genomic resources and tools for MAS 148
4 MAS for predicting monogenic traits 149
5 MAS for predicting quantitative traits in oil palm breeding 152
6 MAS in oil palm tissue culture 156
7 Factors contributing to large-scale application of MAS in oil palm 158
8 Future trends 160
9 Conclusion 160
10 Where to look for further information 161
11 References 161
Chapter 9 Advances in the genetic modification of oil palm 169
1 Introduction 168
2 Early and current genetically modified (GM) crop varieties 170
3 GM oil palm in Malaysia 171
4 Improving the fatty acid composition of palm oil 173
5 Progress to date in oil palm transformation 174
6 New technologies for genome editing – an alternative to ‘classical GM’ 176
7 Conclusions and future prospects 176
8 Where to look for further information 177
9 References 177
Part 3 Cultivation techniques 181
Chapter 10 Modelling crop growth and yield in palm oil cultivation 183
1 Introduction 182
2 Theory and model development 184
3 Modelling meteorology 185
4 Modelling photosynthesis 187
5 Modelling energy balance 193
6 Modelling soil water flow 199
7 Modelling crop growth 203
8 Model testing 209
9 Results and discussion 210
10 Conclusion 218
11 Where to look for further information 219
12 Acknowledgement 219
13 List of main symbols 219
14 References 223
Chapter 11 Improving soil health and crop nutrition in oil palm cultivation 229
1 Introduction 228
2 Soil fertility 231
3 Nutrient management 242
4 Mineral nutrition and planting material 248
5 The specific case of smallholders 248
6 Future trends and conclusion 248
7 Where to look for further information 250
8 References 250
Chapter 12 Maintaining soil health in oil palm cultivation 255
1 Introduction 254
2 Key issues and challenges 256
3 Management practices and soil health in oil palm plantations 258
4 Optimizing biomass recycling: the promising way to increase yields and sustainability 264
5 Future trends in research 265
6 Where to look for further information 266
7 References 267
Chapter 13 Use of palm oil for biofuel 269
1 Introduction 268
2 Trends in biofuels 271
3 Production of palm-based biofuels 274
4 Biodiesel economics 276
5 Imports and defiscalisation: the odd alliance 278
6 The geopolitics of agribusiness: competition between productions systems 281
7 Conclusions 283
8 References 285
Index 287