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Aesthetic Surgery Techniques E-Book

Aesthetic Surgery Techniques E-Book

James D. Frame | Shahrokh C. Bagheri | David J Smith, Jr. | Husain Ali Khan

(2017)

Additional Information

Book Details

Abstract

Changing trends, ethnic and regional preferences, and a hands-on teaching method make cosmetic surgery uniquely challenging for novice and experienced surgeons alike. Aesthetic Surgery Techniques: A Case-Based Approach offers expert, real-world instruction by presenting chapters and patients in a classical fashion, providing a clinical perspective as you work through case after case, honing your knowledge and skills. A diverse, international group of highly reputable faculty takes you step by step through each case.

  • Covers a wide range of the most common cosmetic procedures in a templated, atlas-style format, highlighting case presentations with superb illustrations and clinical photographs.
  • Presents each case using easy-to-understand text that highlights potential risks and tips and tricks to avoid them.
  • Conveys the real-world knowledge and expertise of a multidisciplinary team of editors including oral and maxillofacial surgeons and plastic surgeons.
  • Uses a chapter format based on the 14 Cosmetic Surgery Competencies used to train Consultant Plastic Surgeons at the Anglia Ruskin University, UK.
  • Offers global coverage of specific techniques to help you refine your skills and expand your surgical repertoire:
    • Abdominoplasty (Modified Brazilian Technique in the UK and Middle East)
    • Open Rhinoplasty (European approach)
    • Surgical correction of the Neck (New Zealand and U.S.)
    • Advanced Medical Aesthetics (UK and Dubai)
    • Facelift Made Easy (U.S.)
    • Asian Blepharolasty
    • Ethics in Aesthetic Surgery (UK and U.S.)
    • Breasts, Buttocks, and Thighs (Brazil)

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Front Cover cover
Inside Front Cover ifc1
Aesthetic Surgery Techniques i
Copyright Page iv
Table Of Contents v
Video Contents vii
Preface ix
Acknowledgments xi
List of Contributors xiii
1 Introduction 1
1 Informed Consent 3
The Process of Informed Consent 3
Informed Consent: Protecting the Surgeon 5
The Legal Situation 5
Courtroom Scenario 5
Summary 6
Reference 6
2 Aesthetic Medicine 7
Introduction 7
Multimodality Nonsurgical Rejuvenation With a Regional Approach 7
Botulinum Toxin (Botox) 7
Preprocedure Management of Neuromodulators 7
Postoperative Care for Neuromodulators 8
Hyaluronic Acid (Fillers) 8
Preprocedure Management 8
Postoperative Management 8
Upper Face 8
Forehead and Brow Rejuvenation (Fig. 2.2) 8
Assessment (Table 2.2) 8
Technique 8
Complications 9
Periocular Rejuvenation (see Table 2.3, Fig. 2.3, Video 2.2 and Video 2.5) 11
Hints and Tips 11
Temporal Area: Temple Augmentation (Fig. 2.4) 11
2 Head and Neck 31
1 Forehead and Brow 33
4 Brow Lift 33
The Clinical Problem (Fig. 4.1) 33
Introduction 33
Patient Selection (Table 4.2) 34
Surgical Preparation and Technique 34
Transblepharoplasty Brow Lift (Fig. 4.3) 34
With Sutures 35
With Endotine 35
Direct Brow Lift (Fig. 4.4) 35
In Males 35
In Females 35
Postoperative Care 36
Minidirect Brow Lift 36
Midforehead Lift 36
Endoscopic Brow Lift 36
Requirements 36
Technique 36
Temporal Brow Lift 36
Coronal Brow Lift 36
Pretrichial Brow Lift (Fig. 4.5) 36
Problems 36
Summary 36
References 37
5 Endoscopic Endotine Brow Lift Made Easy 39
The Clinical Problem 39
Surgical Preparation and Technique 39
Preoperative Assessment 39
Preparation for Surgery 39
Surgical Technique 40
2 Eyes 45
6 Upper Blepharoplasty 45
The Clinical Problem (Fig. 6.1) 45
Introduction 45
Anatomy and Aging 45
Surgical Preparation and Technique 45
Assessment 45
Preparation and Markings 45
Surgical Technique 47
Complications 47
Summary 47
References 51
7 Asian Blepharoplasty 53
The Clinical Problem 53
Synopsis 53
The Aesthetic Problem 53
Indications and Counseling 53
Surgical Preparation and Technique 53
Buried Suture Method 53
Design 54
Procedure 54
Incision Method 55
Design 56
Procedure 56
Medial Epicanthoplasty 56
Complications 59
References 59
8 Midface Descent and Malar Support 61
The Clinical Problem (Fig. 8.1) 61
The Aesthetic Problem 61
Management and Treatment Options 61
Surgical Preparation and Technique 61
Postoperative Considerations (Figs. 8.5 to 8.7) 63
Results 63
Complications 63
References 66
Further Reading 66
9 Anatomic Relationship of SOOF and ROOF in Eyelid Rejuvenation 67
The Clinical Problem: Prominent Bulging Suborbicularis Oculi Fat Pad and Retro-Orbicularis Oculi Fat Pad (Fig. 9.1) 67
Anatomy 67
Upper and Lower Eyelids 67
Orbit 67
Infraorbital Region 67
Age-Related Changes 68
Case Study 1: Transconjunctival, Skin-Preserving, Suborbicularis Oculi Fat Pad Elevation (Figs. 9.5 to 9.9) 69
Case Study 2: Suborbicularis Oculi Fat Pad Elevation Via Subciliary Approach (Figs. 9.10 to 9.15) 69
Operative Technique: Suborbicularis Oculi Fat Pad Elevation 70
Postoperative Management 71
Complications 71
Further Reading 71
10 Nonsurgical Rejuvenation of the Periorbital Area 73
The Clinical Problem 73
Synopsis 73
The Aesthetic Problem (Fig. 10.1) 73
Surgical Preparation and Technique 73
Neuromodulators 73
Case 1 (Fig. 10.2) 74
Case 2 (Fig. 10.3) 74
Chemical Peels 74
Nonablative and Ablative Lasers 75
Case 3 (Fig. 10.4) 75
Case 4 (Fig. 10.5) 76
Filler Augmentation 76
Case 5 (Fig. 10.6) 76
Case 6 (Fig. 10.7) 76
Bidirectional Thread Lifts 76
Case 7 (Fig. 10.8) 78
Autologous Platelet-Rich Plasma Injections 78
Red Light Phototherapy: Low-Level Laser (Light) Therapy (LLLT) 78
Collagen Induction Therapy 78
Case 8 (Fig. 10.9) 78
Radiofrequency and Infrared 79
Case 9 (Fig. 10.10) 79
Microfocused Ultrasound 80
References 80
Further Reading 80
3 Face Lift 81
11 High SMAS Face Lift 81
The Clinical Problem (Fig. 11.1) 81
Synopsis 81
The Aesthetic Problem 81
Surgical Preparation and Technique 81
Treatment and Operative Technique 83
Postoperative Considerations 87
Complications 87
12 Management of the Neck 91
The Clinical Problem (Fig. 12.1) 91
Synopsis 91
The Aesthetic Problem 91
Surgical Preparation and Technique 92
Clinical Findings (Box 12.1) 92
Treatment and Operative Technique 94
Percutaneous Trampoline Platysmaplasty and Neck-Defining Suture 94
Case Study (Figs. 12.8 and 12.9) 95
Postoperative Considerations 95
Percutaneous Platysmaplasty and Neck-Defining Suture 95
Complications 96
Prevention of Complications 96
Management of Complications 97
References 97
Further Reading 98
13 The Turkey Neck 99
The Clinical Problem 99
Case Study 1 99
Clinical Examination and Planning 99
Surgical Procedure 99
Submental Platysmaplasty 100
Postoperative Management 100
Case Study 2 100
Potential Complications 100
Additional Tips 101
Conclusion 101
References 104
14 Platysma Bands 105
The Clinical Problem (Fig. 14.1) 105
Synopsis 105
Anatomy 105
Management Options 106
Nonsurgical Options 106
Surgical Options 106
The Aesthetic Problem 107
Surgical Preparation and Technique 107
Management and Treatment Options 107
Treatment and Operative Technique 107
Postoperative Considerations 108
Complications 108
References 110
4 Rhinoplasty 111
15 Prominent Nose 111
The Clinical Problem 111
Surgical Principles 111
Inadequate Deepening of the Nasofrontal Angle (Figs. 15.5 and 15.6) 112
Tip 112
Clinical Examples 114
Short Prominent Nose 114
Long Prominent Nose 114
Long Nose 114
Rhinomegaly 115
Aging Nose 115
References 119
16 Aesthetic Nasal Tip Surgery 121
The Clinical Problem (Fig. 16.1) 121
Synopsis 121
Surgical Preparation and Technique 121
Surgical Approaches: Open or Closed Rhinoplasty 121
Principles 121
Open Nasal Tip Approach 121
Closed Rhinoplasty Tip Technique 122
Case 16.1. Preoperative Evaluation (Fig. 16.7) 122
Nasal Tip. 122
Base of Nose. 122
Dorsal Profile. 122
Skin Envelope. 122
Preoperative Considerations 122
Basic Surgical Concepts 122
Management and Preferred Techniques for Framework 122
Outcome 122
Postoperative Considerations 128
Complications 128
References 132
17 Crooked Nose 133
The Clinical Problem (Fig. 17.1) 133
Clinical Assessment 133
External Nose 133
Internal Nose 133
Nasal Septum 133
Dorsal Management and Osteotomies 135
Surgical Preparation and Technique 135
Open Rhinoplasty Approach 135
Case Study 135
Further Reading 136
References 136
18 The Middle Eastern–Mediterranean Nose 137
The Clinical Problem (Fig. 18.1) 137
Synopsis 137
Surgical Preparation and Technique 137
Reduction of Dorsal Hump 137
Nasal Tip 140
Increasing Tip Projection and Adjustment of Tip Position 140
Elongation of Short Alar Cartilages 142
Alar Base 143
Case Study 144
References 146
19 The Asian Rhinoplasty 147
The Clinical Problem 147
Surgical Preparation and Technique 147
Augmentation of Dorsum Nasi 147
Silicone Implant 147
Autografting the Dorsum of the Nose 147
Cartilage grafting 147
Costal cartilage grafting. 147
Ear cartilage grafting. 147
Dermofat grafting 147
Fascia grafting 147
Nasal Tip Surgery 148
Narrowing of the Nasal Tip to the Back of the Nose 148
Extension and Augmentation of the Nasal Tip 148
Enhancement of the Columella 149
AlaR Base Plasty 149
Complications 150
Complications Associated with Silicone Implants 150
Infection 150
Displacement 150
Mobility 151
Erosion, Implant Exposure, and Extrusion 151
Complications Associated with Cartilage Grafting 151
Warping 151
Waving 151
Reabsorption 151
Secondary Rhinoplasty 151
Further Reading 152
20 Male Rhinoplasty 153
The Clinical Problem (Fig. 20.1) 153
Surgical Preparation and Technique 153
Preoperative Evaluation 153
Operative Plan 153
Nonoperative Technique 153
Operative Technique 153
Postoperative Care 155
Case 20.1 (Fig. 20.2) 155
Case 20.2 (Fig. 20.3) 155
Case 20.3 (Fig. 20.4) 155
References 159
Further Reading 159
21 Medical Rhinoplasty 161
The Clinical Problem (Fig. 21.1) 161
Botulinum Toxin 161
Multi-mini Botulinum Toxin 161
Nasal Muscle Function and Anatomy 161
Increasing the Nasofrontal Angle 161
Bunny Lines 161
Reducing Nostril Flare 162
Elevating the Nasal Tip 164
Fillers 164
Types of Filler 164
Retro Ala Nasi Injection 165
Saddle Nose Correction 165
Nasal Hump Reduction 165
Nasal Tip 165
Nasal Asymmetries 166
Nostril Free Edge 166
Nostril Sill 166
References 166
Further Reading 166
3 Perioral Aesthetics and Dentistry 167
22 Aesthetic Orthognathic Surgery 169
The Clinical Problem 169
The Aesthetic Problem 169
Surgical Preparation and Technique 169
Management and Treatment Options 169
Treatment and Operative Techniques 169
Maxillary Surgery: Le Fort I Osteotomy 169
Mandibular Surgery—Bilateral Sagittal Split Osteotomy 172
4 Breast 193
25 The Small Breast 195
The Clinical Problem (Fig. 25.1) 195
Surgical Preparation and Technique 195
Management and Treatment Options 195
Assessment of Problem: Anatomic Description 195
Implant Selection 197
Treatment and Operative Technique 197
Anesthesia 197
Incisions 197
Inframammary (Fig. 25.4) 197
Infra-areolar 197
Axillary 197
Plane of Dissection 197
Subglandular Plane 197
Subfascial Plane 197
Submuscular Plane 197
Tips and Tricks 198
Postoperative Care 198
Case Studies 198
Complications 198
Perioperative Complications 198
Delayed Complications 198
Chronic Seroma. 198
Capsular Contracture. 198
Rotation and Displacement. 198
Implant-Induced Ptosis. 203
Rippling and Waving. 203
Implant Extrusion. 203
Implant Rupture. 203
References 203
Further Reading 203
26 Breast Reduction 205
The Clinical Problem 205
Surgical Preparation and Technique 205
Management and Treatment Options 205
Treatment and Operative Technique 206
Postoperative Plan 207
Complications 209
Partial Loss of Sensitivity in the Nipple 209
Dehiscence 209
Seroma 209
Nipple-Areola Complex Necrosis 209
Hematoma 209
Tips and Tricks 209
References 211
27 Mastopexy With Mesh for Breast Ptosis 213
The Clinical Problem (Fig. 27.1) 213
Synopsis 213
The Aesthetic Problem 213
Surgical Preparation and Technique 213
Treatment Options 213
Correcting Breast Ptosis: Internal Breast Support Procedure 213
Preoperative Markings (Fig. 27.4) 214
Surgical Technique 214
Results 216
Complications of the Polyester Mesh Mastopexy 217
Conclusion 217
References 217
28 Simultaneous Augmentation and Periareolar Mastopexy 219
The Clinical Problem 219
Synopsis 219
Case 28.1 219
Presentation and Outcome 219
Critical Decisions in Augmentation and Mastopexy 219
Deciding Augmentation or Simultaneous Augmentation and Mastopexy 221
Tips and Tricks in One-Stage Augmentation and Mastopexy 221
Considering Breast Ptosis 222
Periareolar Pattern 222
Pocket Location 223
Why Anatomic Implants? 223
Complications 223
Postoperative Care 224
References 224
29 Asymmetric Breast 225
The Clinical Problem (Fig. 29.1) 225
Stepwise Approach 225
Understanding the Patient’s Requests 225
Examination of the Patient 225
Explaining Anatomy to the Patient 225
Formulating the Individualized Operative Plan 225
Spine 226
Rib Cage 226
The Breast Itself 226
Similar Volumes but Different Positions on the Chest Wall 226
Volume Reduction and Reshaping 228
Volume Replacement 228
Stages of Reconstruction 228
Silicone Implant. 228
Implant Volumes. 228
Shape of Implant. 228
Base Width of Implant. 228
Projection of Implant. 228
Nipple Areolar Complex 228
Tissue Quality and Additional Support 228
Complications 228
References 230
30 Transaxillary Excision of Gynecomastia (Andromastia) 231
The Clinical Problem (Fig. 30.1) 231
Why is Gynecomastia Important? 231
Examples of Andromastia 231
Surgical Preparation and Technique 231
Preoperative Preparation 231
Procedure (Video 30.1) 232
Postoperative Care 232
Postoperative Instructions 232
Complications 233
Management of Complications 233
Tense, Expanded, Painful Hematoma 233
Localized Soft Hematoma 234
Dehiscence of Wound 234
Four Main Stages of Normal Healing 234
Closure of the Subcutaneous Cavity 234
Recovery of the Lymphatic Vessels 234
Formation and Maturation of Scar Tissue 234
Recovery of the Nipple-Areola Complex 234
Revision Surgery 234
Tips 235
Some Frequently Asked Questions 235
5 Trunk and Abdominal Wall 237
31 Improving the Waistline With the Modified Brazilian Abdominoplasty 239
The Clinical Problem (Fig. 31.1) 239
Surgical Technique 239
Incisions 239
Excess Tissue Excision 240
Mobilizing 241
Upper Abdominal Flap 241
Mons Pubis 241
Umbilicus 241
Improving the Waistline Definition 241
Closure 241
Postoperative Course and Results 241
Lower Complication Rate 241
High Patient Satisfaction 242
Conclusion 242
References 246
Further Reading 246
32 Postbariatric Abdominoplasty 247
The Clinical Problem 247
Synopsis 247
The Aesthetic Problem 247
Patient Perspective 247
Surgical Perspective 247
Surgical Preparation and Technique 247
Surgical Options 247
Abdominoplasty Techniques 248
Traditional Abdominoplasty 248
Lipoabdominoplasty 248
Fleur De Lis Abdominoplasty 248
Circumferential Abdominoplasty (Belt Lipectomy) 248
Two-Stage Procedure 248
Corset Body Lift 248
Preoperative Markings (Fig. 32.2) 248
Resection and Plication 248
Vertical Resection (Fig. 32.3) 248
Abdominal Wall Plication and Vertical Closure 249
Inframammary Fold Resection (Fig. 32.4) 249
Groin Resection (Fig. 32.5A,B) 250
Postoperative Care 251
Case 32.1 251
Preoperative Photographs 251
Postoperative Result at 6 Months (Fig. 32.7A–D) 251
Case 32.2: Corset Abdominoplasty With Bilateral Breast Reduction (Fig. 32.8A,B) 251
Postoperative Result at 8 Weeks 251
Complications 251
Inframammary Fold Distortion 253
Seroma and Hematoma 253
Keloid or Hypertrophic Scarring 253
Wound-Healing Problems 253
References 253
33 Nonexcisional Management of the Anterior Abdominal Wall 255
The Clinical Problem 255
The Aesthetic Problem 255
Surgical Preparation and Technique 255
Management and Treatment Options 255
Treatment and Operative Technique 256
Patient Selection 256
Technique 256
Postoperative Considerations 256
Complications 256
Redness and Radiating Heat 256
Panniculitis 259
Skin Blisters 259
Further Reading 259
34 Body Contouring Following Massive Weight Loss 261
The Clinical Problem (Fig. 34.1) 261
Surgical Preparation and Technique 261
Body-Contouring Surgery 261
Patient Selection 261
Preoperative Planning 261
Operative Steps (Table 34.1) 262
Lower Body Lift (Video 34.1; Figs. 34.2 to 34.4) 262
Early Postoperative Care 264
Upper Body Lift (Figs. 34.6 to 34.8) 264
Post–Massive Weight Loss Gynecomastia Correction (Fig. 34.9) 264
Mastopexy and Augmented Mastopexy 266
Brachioplasty (Fig. 34.10) 266
Follow-Up 266
Complications 267
References 268
Further Reading 268
35 Gluteal Augmentation 269
The Clinical Problem (Figs. 35.1 and 35.2) 269
Indications for Buttock Augmentation 269
Surgical Preparation and Technique 269
Therapeutic Plan 269
Liposuction With Autologous Fat Grafting 269
Gluteal Implants 269
Selection of Implants 270
Preoperative Markings 271
Surgical Technique (Video 35.1) 271
Postoperative Care 271
Complications 271
Tips and Tricks 272
References 274
6 Upper and Lower Extremity 275
36 Upper Arms 277
The Clinical Problem (Fig. 36.1) 277
Synopsis 277
The Aesthetic Problem 277
General Considerations 277
Surgical Preparation and Technique 277
Management and Treatment Options (Table 36.1) 277
Nonsurgical Treatment Options 277
Liposuction 278
Excisional Techniques 278
Case 36.1 279
Treatment and Operative Technique 279
Preoperative Markings 279
Operative Sequence 280
Postoperative Program 281
Complications 281
References 282
37 Aesthetic Management of the Aging Hand 283
The Clinical Problem (Fig. 37.1) 283
Surgical Preparation and Technique 283
Management of the Aging Hand 283
Nonsurgical Management 283
Surgical Management 284
References 286
38 Inner Thigh Lift 287
The Clinical Problem (Fig. 38.1) 287
Surgical Preparation and Technique 287
Indications and Classification 287
Massive Weight Loss Patients 287
Deflated 287
Nondeflated 287
Non–Massive Weight Loss Patients or Patients With an Aging Thigh 287
Preoperative Care 288
Marking and Surgical Technique 288
Postoperative Care 289
Complications 290
References 290
39 Inner Thigh Reduction 291
The Clinical Problem (Fig. 39.1) 291
Surgical Preparation and Technique 291
Objectives in Inner Thigh Reduction 291
Preoperative Evaluation 291
Planning Inner Thigh Reduction 291
Technique 291
Skin Laxity 291
Scar Placement 291
Use of Liposuction 292
Factors to Consider in Inner Thigh Reduction 292
Case 39.1 292
Clinical Approach 292
Considerations 292
Marking (Video 39.1) 293
Operative Technique and Postoperative Management (Video 39.2) 293
Results 293
Superficial Fascia Anchoring and Vertical Resection: Two-Way Vector Technique 295
Tips for the Inguinal Anchoring 295
Tips for Vertical Resection 295
Possible Complications 295
Summary 295
Conclusions 295
Further Reading 295
Index 297
A 297
B 297
C 298
D 298
E 299
F 299
G 299
H 299
I 299
K 300
L 300
M 300
N 300
O 301
P 301
R 302
S 302
T 303
U 303
V 303
W 303
Z 303
Inside Back Cover ibc1