BOOK
Master Techniques in Facial Rejuvenation E-Book
Babak Azizzadeh | Mark R. Murphy | Calvin M. Johnson | Guy G Massry | Rebecca Fitzgerald
(2018)
Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
Comprehensive coverage, multidisciplinary guidance, and step-by-step instruction help you choose the best approach and get the best results for any facial rejuvenation challenge. Master Techniques in Facial Rejuvenation, 2nd Edition, by Drs. Babak Azizzadeh, Mark Murphy, Calvin Johnson, Guy Massry, and Rebecca Fitzgerald, presents multiple facial rejuvenation techniques by experts in the fields of plastic surgery, facial plastic surgery, otolaryngology, oculoplastic surgery and dermatology. Competing and complementary techniques focus on all areas of the face, providing a balanced and systematic approach to this fast-growing field.
- Presents step-by-step, full-color depictions of the authors’ surgical techniques, with emphasis on minimally invasive surgery, recent trends, and adjunctive procedures.
- Addresses facial shape and proportions with injectable agents in youth and age.
- Provides multiple viewpoints on advanced and time-tested techniques.
- Features expanded coverage of non-invasive procedures such as Botulinum toxin and fillers, neuromodulators, tightening devices, and panfacial nonsurgical rejuvenation, plus newly updated information on face lifts.
- Includes all-new chapters on non-surgical brow and eyelid rejuvenation, ptosis repair and blepharoplasty, deep plane rhytidectomy modifications, and orthognathic aesthetic facial surgery.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | cover | ||
| Inside Front Cover | ifc1 | ||
| Master Techniques in Facial Rejuvenation | i | ||
| Copyright Page | iv | ||
| Table Of Contents | v | ||
| Video Contents | vii | ||
| Preface | viii | ||
| List of Contributors | ix | ||
| Acknowledgments | xii | ||
| Dedication | xiii | ||
| 1 Facial Embryology | 1 | ||
| Embryogenesis | 1 | ||
| Embryology | 1 | ||
| The Branchial/Pharyngeal Apparatus | 1 | ||
| Embryology of the External Ear | 1 | ||
| Embryology of the Eye | 2 | ||
| Embryology of the Face and Nose | 3 | ||
| Embryology of the Nasal Cavity and Paranasal Sinuses | 4 | ||
| Embryology of the Palate | 4 | ||
| Conclusion | 5 | ||
| References | 5 | ||
| 2 Applied Facial Anatomy | 6 | ||
| Introduction | 6 | ||
| Layers of the Face | 6 | ||
| Layer I: Skin | 6 | ||
| Layer II: Subcutaneous Tissue | 6 | ||
| Layer III: Superficial Fascia | 6 | ||
| Layer IV: Deep Areolar Layer | 6 | ||
| Layer V: Deep Fascia | 7 | ||
| Regional Considerations | 7 | ||
| Forehead | 7 | ||
| Upper Eyelid Anatomy | 10 | ||
| Lower Eyelids | 12 | ||
| Midface | 12 | ||
| Lips and Perioral Region | 13 | ||
| Facial Artery and Vein | 14 | ||
| Summary | 14 | ||
| References | 14 | ||
| 3 Addressing Facial Shape and Proportions With Injectable Agents in Youth and Age | 15 | ||
| History and Introduction | 15 | ||
| Personal Philosophy | 16 | ||
| Facial Anatomy: Introduction and Overview | 16 | ||
| Facial Anatomy and Aging: Regional Thirds of the Face | 20 | ||
| Upper Face | 20 | ||
| Midface | 20 | ||
| Lower Face | 21 | ||
| Facial Anatomy and Aging: Functional and Structural | 21 | ||
| Preprocedural Assessment | 23 | ||
| Current Concepts in the Anatomy of Aging | 25 | ||
| Skin: Layer 1 | 25 | ||
| Fat: Layer 2 | 27 | ||
| Facial Muscles: Layer 3 | 35 | ||
| Ligaments and Facial Spaces: Layer 4 | 38 | ||
| Periosteum and Deep Fascia: Layer 5 | 44 | ||
| Bone | 44 | ||
| Case Histories | 47 | ||
| Complications | 53 | ||
| Summary | 54 | ||
| References | 54 | ||
| References | 54.e1 | ||
| 4 Injectables and Resurfacing Techniques | 55 | ||
| Introduction | 55 | ||
| Basic Science | 55 | ||
| Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics | 55 | ||
| Commercial Sources of BoNT-A | 56 | ||
| Commercial Source of BoNT-B | 56 | ||
| Cosmetic Indications | 56 | ||
| Warnings and Contraindications | 57 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 57 | ||
| Dosing | 57 | ||
| Patient Selection | 58 | ||
| Decision-Making Details of Selecting a Patient for BoNT-A | 58 | ||
| Treatment Technique | 58 | ||
| Glabella | 59 | ||
| Forehead | 61 | ||
| Crow’s Feet and Lower Eyelids | 61 | ||
| Brow Elevation | 61 | ||
| Neck | 62 | ||
| Nasolabial Folds | 62 | ||
| Perioral Lines | 63 | ||
| Mentalis | 66 | ||
| Depressor Anguli Oris | 66 | ||
| Repair of Surgical Complications | 66 | ||
| Hyperhidrosis | 66 | ||
| Salivary Glands | 66 | ||
| Postoperative Care | 66 | ||
| Outcomes, Prognosis, Complications | 67 | ||
| Potential Adverse Reactions | 67 | ||
| Secondary Procedures | 67 | ||
| Treating Patients Who Had the Procedure but Desire Improved Results | 67 | ||
| References | 67 | ||
| References | 67.e1 | ||
| 5 Topical Skin Care and the Cosmetic Patient | 68 | ||
| Cleansers and Toners | 68 | ||
| Moisturizers | 68 | ||
| Sunscreen | 69 | ||
| Cosmeceuticals | 69 | ||
| Retinol and Synthetic Retinoids | 69 | ||
| Vitamin C | 70 | ||
| Niacinamide | 70 | ||
| Hydroxy Acids | 70 | ||
| Botanicals | 71 | ||
| Peptides | 71 | ||
| Growth Factors | 72 | ||
| References | 72 | ||
| References | 72.e1 | ||
| 6 Skin Resurfacing | 73 | ||
| Introduction | 73 | ||
| Laser Principles | 73 | ||
| Skin Optics and Selective Photothermolysis | 73 | ||
| History of Laser Resurfacing | 74 | ||
| Fractional Resurfacing | 75 | ||
| Patient Selection | 76 | ||
| Procedure | 76 | ||
| Complications | 77 | ||
| Conclusion | 78 | ||
| References | 79 | ||
| References | 79.e1 | ||
| 7 The Open Browlift | 80 | ||
| History | 80 | ||
| Personal Philosophy | 80 | ||
| Anatomy | 81 | ||
| Preoperative Assessment | 82 | ||
| Technique | 83 | ||
| Postoperative Care | 89 | ||
| Complications | 89 | ||
| Future Considerations | 91 | ||
| References | 92 | ||
| References | 92.e1 | ||
| 8 Endoscopic Foreheadplasty | 93 | ||
| History | 93 | ||
| Personal Philosophy | 93 | ||
| Anatomy | 93 | ||
| Preoperative Assessment | 94 | ||
| Instrumentation | 94 | ||
| Surgical Technique | 94 | ||
| The Incisions | 94 | ||
| Creation of the Frontal Cavity | 94 | ||
| Creation of the Temporal Cavity | 95 | ||
| Release of Tissue Attachments to Bone and Deep Fascia | 96 | ||
| Tissue Modifications | 97 | ||
| Fixation | 98 | ||
| Lowering the Brow | 99 | ||
| Summarizing Key Steps in the Endoscopic Foreheadplasty Procedure: “Keller’s Rules of Fours” | 99 | ||
| Postoperative Care | 99 | ||
| Complications | 99 | ||
| References | 99 | ||
| 9 Nonsurgical Brow and Eyelid Rejuvenation | 101 | ||
| Introduction | 101 | ||
| Anatomy | 101 | ||
| Skin Rejuvenation | 101 | ||
| Neurotoxins | 102 | ||
| Soft Tissue Fillers | 102 | ||
| Injection Technique | 104 | ||
| Filler Placement | 104 | ||
| Eyebrow. | 104 | ||
| Superior Sulcus. | 105 | ||
| Lower Eyelid. | 105 | ||
| Summary | 106 | ||
| References | 106 | ||
| References | 106.e1 | ||
| 10 Minimally Invasive Complementary Adjuncts to Upper Blepharoplasty | 107 | ||
| Introduction | 107 | ||
| Clinical Anatomy (Forehead/Eyebrow/Eyelid) | 107 | ||
| Eyebrow/Eyelid Aging | 108 | ||
| Indications | 110 | ||
| Surgical Procedures | 110 | ||
| Internal and External Browpexy | 110 | ||
| Nasal Fat Pad Preservation and Translocation in Upper Blepharoplasty | 111 | ||
| Management of Lacrimal Gland Prolapse | 114 | ||
| Brow Fat Pad Fixation or “Brassiere Suture” | 115 | ||
| Postoperative Course, Care, and Complications | 115 | ||
| Conclusion | 119 | ||
| References | 119 | ||
| References | 119.e1 | ||
| 11 Ptosis Repair and Blepharoplasty | 120 | ||
| History | 120 | ||
| Personal Philosophy | 120 | ||
| Anatomy | 120 | ||
| Levator Muscle | 121 | ||
| Müller’s Muscle | 121 | ||
| Tarsal Plate | 122 | ||
| Preoperative Evaluation | 122 | ||
| Patient Selection | 122 | ||
| History | 122 | ||
| Examination | 123 | ||
| External Levator Advancement | 124 | ||
| Müller’s Muscle Conjunctival Resection | 126 | ||
| Postoperative Care | 128 | ||
| Complications | 128 | ||
| Asymmetry | 128 | ||
| Lagophthalmos/Dry Eye | 129 | ||
| Corneal Abrasion | 129 | ||
| Orbital Hemorrhage | 129 | ||
| Infection | 129 | ||
| Incision-Related Complications | 129 | ||
| Conclusion | 129 | ||
| References | 129 | ||
| References | 130.e1 | ||
| 12 Transconjunctival Lower Blepharoplasty With and Without Fat Repositioning | 131 | ||
| Introduction | 131 | ||
| Relevant Anatomy | 132 | ||
| Lower Eyelid Aging Changes | 133 | ||
| Indications | 133 | ||
| Surgical Technique | 134 | ||
| Postoperative Course and Care and Complications | 138 | ||
| Conclusion | 139 | ||
| References | 141 | ||
| References | 141.e1 | ||
| 13 Transcutaneous Lower Blepharoplasty | 142 | ||
| Introduction | 142 | ||
| Aging Eyelid Anatomy | 142 | ||
| Preoperative Evaluation, Indications, and Contraindications | 143 | ||
| Surgical Procedure | 144 | ||
| Step 1. Skin Flap Elevation and Preservation of Orbicularis Muscle | 144 | ||
| Step 2. Submuscular Dissection and Release of Orbital Retaining Ligaments | 145 | ||
| Step 3. Volumization With Fat Transposition | 145 | ||
| Step 4. Support of Lateral Retinaculum With Tarsal Fixation | 146 | ||
| Step 5. Superior Midface Elevation With Orbicularis Flap Redraping and Periosteal Fixation | 147 | ||
| Step 6. Conservative Superolateral Skin Resection | 147 | ||
| Complications and Management | 147 | ||
| Conclusion | 151 | ||
| References | 151 | ||
| References | 151.e1 | ||
| 14 The Spectrum of Canthal Suspension Techniques in Lower Blepharoplasty | 152 | ||
| Introduction | 152 | ||
| Canthal Nomenclature | 152 | ||
| Canthal Anatomy | 153 | ||
| Canthal Aging Changes | 154 | ||
| Preoperative Assessment | 155 | ||
| Surgery | 156 | ||
| Open Canthal Suspension | 156 | ||
| Lateral Tarsal Strip | 156 | ||
| Commissure-Sparing Open Canthal Suspension | 158 | ||
| Open Canthopexy | 159 | ||
| Closed Canthal Suspension | 162 | ||
| Hang-Back Canthal Suspension | 163 | ||
| Postoperative Care and Complications | 164 | ||
| Conclusion | 165 | ||
| References | 165 | ||
| References | 165.e1 | ||
| 15 Aesthetic Rejuvenation in the Patient of Asian Ancestry | 166 | ||
| Introduction | 166 | ||
| Anatomy | 166 | ||
| Face | 166 | ||
| Skin | 166 | ||
| Eyelid | 166 | ||
| Eyelid Crease | 166 | ||
| Septum | 168 | ||
| Fat | 168 | ||
| Epicanthus | 168 | ||
| Preoperative Evaluation | 169 | ||
| Surgical Techniques | 170 | ||
| Complications | 171 | ||
| Conclusion | 172 | ||
| References | 172 | ||
| References | 172.e1 | ||
| 16 The Deep Plane Facelift | 173 | ||
| History | 173 | ||
| Personal Philosophy | 173 | ||
| Anatomy | 174 | ||
| Preoperative Assessment | 177 | ||
| Surgical Technique | 177 | ||
| Postoperative Care | 187 | ||
| Complications | 188 | ||
| Future Considerations | 190 | ||
| References | 190 | ||
| References | 190.e1 | ||
| 17 Deep Plane Rhytidectomy Modifications | 191 | ||
| Introduction | 191 | ||
| Anatomy and Aging Pathophysiology With Surgical Implications | 191 | ||
| Midfacial Aging | 191 | ||
| Jawline and Neck | 193 | ||
| The Deep Plane Rhytidectomy | 193 | ||
| Modifications of the Deep Plane Rhytidectomy | 193 | ||
| Surgical Technique | 194 | ||
| Preoperative Marking | 194 | ||
| Anesthesia | 195 | ||
| Incision and Skin Flap Elevation | 195 | ||
| Deep Plane Dissection: Release of the Zygomatic-Cutaneous Ligament, Zygomaticus Major Muscle Fibrous Attachments, and Masseteric Cutaneous Ligaments | 197 | ||
| Release of the Cervical-retaining Ligaments | 199 | ||
| Deep Plane Flap Suspension | 199 | ||
| Mandibular Ligament Release | 200 | ||
| Lateral Platymsa Suspension in the Neck | 200 | ||
| Midline Platysmaplasty Indications | 202 | ||
| Adjunctive Submental Procedures and Platysmaplasty | 207 | ||
| Future Considerations | 207 | ||
| Efficacy | 207 | ||
| Tobacco Use | 208 | ||
| Complications | 209 | ||
| Conclusion | 209 | ||
| References | 210 | ||
| References | 210.e1 | ||
| 18 Lateral SMASectomy Facelift | 211 | ||
| History | 211 | ||
| Senior Author’s Personal Philosophy | 211 | ||
| Surgical Technique | 212 | ||
| Anesthesia | 212 | ||
| Incisions | 212 | ||
| Skin Flap Elevation | 213 | ||
| Defatting the Neck and Jowls | 214 | ||
| Open Submental Incision With Medial Platysma Approximation | 214 | ||
| Lateral SMASectomy Including Platysma Resection | 214 | ||
| Vectors | 215 | ||
| Skin Closure, Temporal and Earlobe | 215 | ||
| Dog-Ears | 215 | ||
| Postoperative Care | 215 | ||
| Complications | 216 | ||
| Suggested Reading | 218 | ||
| 19 Reshaping Rhytidectomy | 219 | ||
| History | 219 | ||
| Personal Philosophy | 219 | ||
| Facial Anatomy | 223 | ||
| Preoperative Assessment | 228 | ||
| Surgical Technique | 228 | ||
| Postoperative Care | 239 | ||
| Complications | 244 | ||
| Future Considerations | 244 | ||
| References | 246 | ||
| References | 246.e1 | ||
| 20 Tridimensional Endoscopic Facelift | 247 | ||
| History | 247 | ||
| Personal Philosophy | 247 | ||
| Anatomy of Facial Aging | 247 | ||
| Preoperative Assessment | 249 | ||
| Photographic Documentation | 249 | ||
| Addressing the Central Oval of the Face | 249 | ||
| Surgical Technique | 249 | ||
| Endoscopic Forehead Lift Procedure | 249 | ||
| Endoscopic Midface Lift Procedure | 251 | ||
| Mentopexy | 254 | ||
| Adjunctive Procedures in the Central Oval of the Face | 261 | ||
| Skin-Only Blepharoplasty | 261 | ||
| Bichat’s Fat Pad Excision | 261 | ||
| Fat Grafting | 261 | ||
| Addressing the Peripheral Hemicircle of the Face | 262 | ||
| Cervicoplasty Versus Cervicofacial Rhytidectomy | 262 | ||
| Anterior Approach Cervicoplasty | 262 | ||
| Mandibular Matrix System | 263 | ||
| The Implant System | 263 | ||
| Extended Wrap-Around Chin Implant | 263 | ||
| Mandibular Angle Implant | 263 | ||
| Prejowl Implant | 263 | ||
| Button Chin Implant | 263 | ||
| Implant Placement | 263 | ||
| Postoperative Care | 265 | ||
| Complications | 265 | ||
| Future Considerations | 269 | ||
| References | 269 | ||
| References | 269.e1 | ||
| 21 Midface Implants | 270 | ||
| Introduction | 270 | ||
| Diagnosis | 270 | ||
| Presurgical Considerations | 273 | ||
| Surgical Technique | 273 | ||
| Postoperative Care | 279 | ||
| Clinical Cases | 281 | ||
| Complications | 281 | ||
| Conclusion | 285 | ||
| Suggested Reading | 285 | ||
| 22 Mentoplasty | 286 | ||
| History | 286 | ||
| Personal Philosophy | 286 | ||
| Anatomy | 287 | ||
| Preoperative Assessment | 287 | ||
| Surgical Technique | 289 | ||
| Postoperative Care | 292 | ||
| Complications | 293 | ||
| References | 293 | ||
| 23 Orthognathic Aesthetic Facial Surgery | 294 | ||
| Introduction | 294 | ||
| Aesthetic Facial Analysis | 294 | ||
| Dental Analysis and Occlusion | 294 | ||
| Skeletal Analysis | 295 | ||
| Soft Tissue Analysis | 297 | ||
| Photographic Analysis | 297 | ||
| Treatment Philosophy | 297 | ||
| Dental Treatment | 298 | ||
| Preoperative Orthodontic Treatment | 298 | ||
| Preoperative Work-Up and Dental Model Surgery | 299 | ||
| Surgical Procedures | 299 | ||
| Le Fort I Osteotomy | 299 | ||
| Sagittal Split Mandibular Osteotomy | 300 | ||
| Bony Genioplasty | 301 | ||
| Summary | 303 | ||
| References | 304 | ||
| References | 304.e1 | ||
| 24 Facial and Cervical Lipectomy | 305 | ||
| History | 305 | ||
| Personal Philosophy | 306 | ||
| Anatomy | 307 | ||
| Preoperative Assessment | 309 | ||
| Surgical Technique | 310 | ||
| Equipment | 310 | ||
| Markings | 311 | ||
| Anesthesia | 312 | ||
| Technique | 312 | ||
| Suction Lipectomy | 312 | ||
| Direct Excision | 315 | ||
| Postoperative Care | 318 | ||
| Complications | 319 | ||
| Future Considerations | 320 | ||
| References | 320 | ||
| References | 320.e1 | ||
| 25 Complementary Fat Grafting | 321 | ||
| History | 321 | ||
| Personal Philosophy | 321 | ||
| Anatomy | 323 | ||
| The Upper Third | 324 | ||
| The Middle Third | 324 | ||
| The Lower Third | 325 | ||
| Preoperative Assessment | 325 | ||
| Surgical Technique | 326 | ||
| General Considerations | 326 | ||
| Fat Harvesting | 326 | ||
| Processing the Fat | 327 | ||
| Infiltrating the Fat | 328 | ||
| Upper Third | 328 | ||
| Middle Third | 329 | ||
| Lower Third | 330 | ||
| Postoperative Care | 330 | ||
| Complications | 331 | ||
| Future Considerations | 331 | ||
| References | 332 | ||
| 26 Rhinoplasty in the Aging Patient | 333 | ||
| Personal Philosophy | 333 | ||
| Nasal Analysis | 333 | ||
| Preoperative Assessment | 333 | ||
| Surgical Technique | 334 | ||
| Preoperative Considerations | 334 | ||
| The External Approach | 334 | ||
| Profile Alignment and Narrowing the Nose | 334 | ||
| Septal Surgery | 334 | ||
| Narrowed Middle Vault | 335 | ||
| Ptotic Nasal Tip | 335 | ||
| Acute Nasolabial Angle and Retracted Columella | 337 | ||
| Nasal Tip Contour | 338 | ||
| Nasal Valve Collapse | 341 | ||
| Materials for Grafting | 343 | ||
| Postoperative Care | 343 | ||
| Complications | 343 | ||
| Conclusion | 343 | ||
| References | 346 | ||
| References | 346.e1 | ||
| Index | 347 | ||
| A | 347 | ||
| B | 347 | ||
| C | 348 | ||
| D | 348 | ||
| E | 349 | ||
| F | 349 | ||
| G | 350 | ||
| H | 350 | ||
| I | 350 | ||
| J | 350 | ||
| K | 350 | ||
| L | 350 | ||
| M | 351 | ||
| N | 351 | ||
| O | 351 | ||
| P | 352 | ||
| R | 352 | ||
| S | 352 | ||
| T | 353 | ||
| U | 353 | ||
| V | 353 | ||
| W | 353 | ||
| X | 353 | ||
| Z | 353 | ||
| Inside Back Cover | ibc1 |